Remove all English-specific references from modules. Rewrite pronunciation instructions, grammar comparisons, reading rules, and exercises to be language-agnostic so the course works for students of any native language.
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@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ and after consonants:
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tz is used after a single short vowel:
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- {Platz}, {Schütze}, {setzen}
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**e.** German sch represents the same sound as English sh:
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**e.** German sch represents the sound /ʃ/ (as in {Schule}):
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- {Schüler}, {schreiben}, {waschen}, {Fischer}, {frisch}
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**f.** st at the beginning of a word is normally read "scht":
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@@ -303,20 +303,20 @@ INTRO: Finally, let's learn about the pronunciation of v, w, qu, j, y, and some
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v is read as f (voiceless) in native German words:
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- {von}, {viel}, {Vogel}
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v is read like English v (voiced) in words of foreign origin (except when at the end of a word):
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v is read as a voiced /v/ sound in words of foreign origin (except when at the end of a word):
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- {Venus}, {Vatikan}, {Lava}
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**b.** w is always read like English v:
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**b.** w is always read as a voiced /v/ sound:
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- {will}, {Welt}, {Wagen}
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**c.** In the sequence qu, the u is read like English v:
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**c.** In the sequence qu, the u is read as a voiced /v/ sound:
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- {quer}, {Quadrat}, {Quittung}
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**d.** j is always read like the y in the English word "yes":
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**d.** j is always read as a /j/ sound (like the initial sound in {ja}):
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- {ja}, {jeder}, {jung}
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**e.** The letter y:
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y is read like the y in the English word "yes" before and after vowels:
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y is read as a /j/ sound before and after vowels:
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- {Yacht}, {Yen}, {Bayern}
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Before and after consonants, y is read like long ü in some words:
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@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ Before and after consonants, y is read like long ü in some words:
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like short ü in others:
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- {Symbol}, {Gymnasium}, {System}
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**f.** x and chs (except where the s is part of a grammatical ending) are read like the x in the English word "except":
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**f.** x and chs (except where the s is part of a grammatical ending) are read as a /ks/ sound:
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- {Hexe}, {Lexikon}, {boxen}
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- {sechs}, {Achse}, {Büchse}
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