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Remove all English-specific references from modules. Rewrite pronunciation instructions, grammar comparisons, reading rules, and exercises to be language-agnostic so the course works for students of any native language.

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alenakrauchanka
2026-03-22 10:50:00 +03:00
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12
003 - Lesson 02 - Social Courtesies.module
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@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ VOICE: Narrator | aoede
$LESSON Grammar Notes
$GRAMMAR Regular Verbs and English "Do"
INTRO: Let's look at how regular verbs are formed in the present tense, and how German handles the English "do".
$GRAMMAR Regular Verbs and Negation
INTRO: Let's look at how regular verbs are formed in the present tense, and how German forms questions and negations.
Regular German verbs follow this pattern in the present tense:
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ Regular German verbs follow this pattern in the present tense:
Both "I learn" and "I am learning" are represented in German by {ich lerne}.
Similarly English uses "do" in many verb forms where German does not:
German does not use an auxiliary verb for questions and negation:
* {Lernen Sie?} = Do you learn?
* {Ich lerne nicht.} = I do not learn.
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ Similarly English uses "do" in many verb forms where German does not:
$GRAMMAR Indefinite Articles
INTRO: Let's learn about indefinite articles in German.
We saw in Lesson 1 that "the" can be "der", "das", or "die" in German, depending on the word to which it applies. Similarly, English "a" has two basic forms in German: "ein" and "eine". The "der" and "das" nouns have "ein", and the "die" nouns have "eine".
We saw in Lesson 1 that "the" can be "der", "das", or "die" in German. Similarly, the indefinite article has two basic forms: "ein" (for der/das nouns) and "eine" (for die nouns).
* {der Tisch} -> {ein Tisch}
* {das Fenster} -> {ein Fenster}
@@ -47,10 +47,10 @@ In response to a question whether one would like to do or have something, {Danke
$GRAMMAR Pronunciation: ach-Laut
INTRO: This lesson introduces the "ach" sound.
The last sound in {ach} (called "ach"-Laut) is a sound which English does not have. It is basically the same sound as the "ich"-Laut, which was taken up in Lesson 1. It occurs only after the so-called back vowels (a, o, u, au) and is formed in the vicinity of the preceding vowel, therefore farther back in the mouth than the "ich"-Laut.
The last sound in {ach} (called "ach"-Laut) is produced similarly to the "ich"-Laut from Lesson 1, but farther back in the mouth. It occurs only after the back vowels (a, o, u, au) and is formed in the vicinity of the preceding vowel.
**Articulation Exercise:**
The student begins by saying the English syllables "boo-hoo". He then repeats these syllables, this time raising the back of his tongue to a point where audible friction is produced by the passing stream of breath. The result will be something which, in German spelling, can be rendered as "bu-chu". The next step will be to draw the "ch" sound back so that it becomes part of the first syllable, resulting in "buch-u". Finally the last "-u" is dropped altogether, and the student will find himself pronouncing the German word {Buch}.
To produce the "ach"-Laut, say {u} (as in {Buch}) and notice where the back of your tongue is positioned near the soft palate. Now, keeping your tongue close to the soft palate, exhale forcefully so that you hear friction as the air passes through the narrow gap. This friction sound is the "ach"-Laut. Practice by saying {Buch} — start with "b-u" and finish with this back-of-the-throat friction sound.
$LESSON First Hour: Pronunciation