Remove all English-specific references from modules. Rewrite pronunciation instructions, grammar comparisons, reading rules, and exercises to be language-agnostic so the course works for students of any native language.
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@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ Other irregular verbs also show change in the "er", "es", "sie" form, but not in
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| {ich lese} | {er liest} | {wir lesen} |
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| {ich arbeite} | {er arbeitet} | {wir arbeiten} |
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In English sentences objects usually are distinguished from subjects by their position in the sentence, since there is no difference in their form ("Dog bites man." "Man bites dog."). The same is true for German except in one case: When a singular "der" word appears as an object, it uses as its article {den} or {einen}.
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In German, most nouns look the same whether they are subjects or objects. However, when a singular "der" word appears as an object, its article changes to {den} or {einen}.
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| Subject | Verb | Object |
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|---|---|---|
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@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ In German sentences the verb is in second position (except in yes-or-no question
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2. {Hier lernt der Schüler Deutsch.}
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3. {Deutsch lernt der Schüler hier.}
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Also covered in this lesson is the German sound ö, which English does not have. It can be both long and short.
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Also covered in this lesson is the German sound ö, a rounded front vowel that may be unfamiliar. It can be both long and short.
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$LESSON First Hour: Pronunciation
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$DIALOGUE Listening Exercise: Long ö
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@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ RESPONSE: flösse
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$GRAMMAR Articulation Exercise: Short ö
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INSTRUCTION: Follow these instructions to produce the short ö sound.
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The student pronounces the English word "beckon". He then rounds his lips energetically and pronounces the same word once more with rounded lips. The result will be the German word {Böcken}. The student then isolates the short ö sound and pronounces it a number of times by itself.
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To produce the short ö, say a short "e" sound (as in {Bett}). Keep your tongue in this position, but round your lips firmly. The combination of the short "e" tongue position with rounded lips produces the German short ö. Practice with the word {Böcken}. Isolate the short ö sound and pronounce it a number of times by itself.
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$DIALOGUE Repetition Drill: Short ö
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INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat the words.
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