$MODULE
FORMAT: 2
TITLE: Lesson 1: Sports, Games, and the Simple Past
DESCRIPTION: Master lesson combining the Book 4 Lesson 1 classroom text and language lab: sports vocabulary, simple past tense, and everyday conversations.
TARGET_LANG_G: en
HOME_LANG_G: en
VOICE_DEFAULT: aoede | Clear, friendly American English narrator
VOICE_INTRO: aoede | Speak like a friendly narrator
VOICE_PROMPT: gacrux | Questions and cues, read clearly
VOICE_RESPONSE: schedar | Model answers, warm and clear
VOICE: Mike | achernar | Male student
VOICE: Jim | achird | Male student

$LESSON Sports, Games, and the Simple Past

# ============================================================================
# 1. Vocabulary first (cassette audio + pictures) — everything else builds on it.
# Source: LLA 1A Figure 1.
$DIALOGUE Sports and Games
INTRO: You're going to learn some new words for games and sports. Listen and repeat each new word and sentence.
REPEAT
VOCAB: play
VOCAB: game
VOCAB: ball
LINE: The children play a game with their ball. They play a ballgame. {page_007_001.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f1-01.mp3}

VOCAB: football
LINE: Sam plays football every day. {page_007_002.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f1-02.mp3}

VOCAB: baseball
LINE: George plays baseball on weekends. {page_007_003.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f1-03.mp3}

VOCAB: tennis
LINE: They play tennis after class. {page_007_004.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f1-04.mp3}

VOCAB: soccer
LINE: Carlos plays soccer on Saturdays. {page_007_005.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f1-05.mp3}

VOCAB: basketball
LINE: Carl played basketball at school. {page_007_006.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f1-06.mp3}

VOCAB: sports
LINE: Soccer and basketball are sports too. {bk04-l1a-f1-07.mp3}

# ============================================================================
# 2. Immediate recognition practice for the new words (mechanical, tap-a-picture).
# Source: LLA 1A Figure 2.
$SELECT Identify the Game
INTRO: Listen to a sentence about one of the games or sports, and tap the correct picture.
INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct picture.
OPTION: a | ball {page_008_001.jpg}
OPTION: b | football {page_008_002.jpg}
OPTION: c | baseball {page_008_003.jpg}
OPTION: d | tennis {page_008_004.jpg}
OPTION: e | soccer {page_008_005.jpg}
OPTION: f | basketball {page_008_006.jpg}

PROMPT: Tony and Jim watch soccer games on TV. {bk04-l1a-f2-01.mp3}
ANSWER: e

PROMPT: Betty and Jane are playing tennis. {bk04-l1a-f2-02.mp3}
ANSWER: d

PROMPT: Mark plays baseball. {bk04-l1a-f2-03.mp3}
ANSWER: c

PROMPT: My children play with a ball after school. {bk04-l1a-f2-04.mp3}
ANSWER: a

PROMPT: The basketball game is at eight o'clock tonight. {bk04-l1a-f2-05.mp3}
ANSWER: f

# ============================================================================
# 3. Second vocabulary set: cities and towns (needed for the reading later).
# Source: LLA 1A Figure 5 (activity-wide map).
$DIALOGUE Cities and Towns
INTRO: You'll see a map of Texas. Listen and repeat the sentences about its cities and towns.
REPEAT
IMAGE: page_010_001.jpg

VOCAB: city
LINE: The city of Houston, the city of Dallas, the city of San Antonio. {bk04-l1a-f5-01.mp3}

VOCAB: town
LINE: The King family lives in a small town. {bk04-l1a-f5-02.mp3}

LINE: The Soto family lives in the city of Dallas. {bk04-l1a-f5-03.mp3}

VOCAB: visit
LINE: Sometimes, the King family visits the Soto family in Dallas. {bk04-l1a-f5-04.mp3}

LINE: Los Angeles, New York, and Chicago are also big cities. These cities are not in Texas. {bk04-l1a-f5-05.mp3}

# ============================================================================
# 4. Grammar reference: the lesson's core grammar point.
# Source: ST Lesson 1.
$GRAMMAR Simple Past Tense

**Simple Present vs. Simple Past**

| | |
|---|---|
| SIMPLE PRESENT: | We {walk} to class every day. |
| **SIMPLE PAST:** | **We {walked} to class yesterday.** |
| SIMPLE PRESENT: | He {walks} to class every day. |
| **SIMPLE PAST:** | **He {walked} to class yesterday.** |

**1. Spelling: verb + -ed = simple past**

* {play} + ed = {played}
* {walk} + ed = {walked}
* {close} + d = {closed}
* {study} + ed = {studied}

**2. Pronunciation of -ed:**

* **GROUP I (/d/):** {answered}, {circled}, {cleaned}, {closed}, {learned}, {listened}, {lived}, {memorized}, {opened}, {played}, {reviewed}, {shaved}, {spelled}, {studied}
* **GROUP II (/t/):** {asked}, {checked}, {cooked}, {liked}, {looked}, {looked up}, {marked}, {talked}, {walked}, {watched}, {worked}
* **GROUP III (/Id/):** {corrected}, {ended}, {repeated}, {selected}, {started}, {visited}, {wanted}

# ============================================================================
# 5. Mechanical written drill on the grammar point (typed, exact-checked,
# cassette model sentences). Source: LLA 1B Figure 2.
$PRODUCE Write the Verb Forms
INTRO: Read the sentence and type the past tense form of the verb in parentheses. Then listen to the full sentence.
INSTRUCTION: Type the correct past tense verb.
INPUT: type
CHECK: exact

TEMPLATE: Danny ____ his friends in Dallas last year. (visit)
RESPONSE: Danny visited his friends in Dallas last year. {bk04-l1b-f2-01.mp3}
ACCEPT: visited

TEMPLATE: George ____ to go to the movies yesterday. (want)
RESPONSE: George wanted to go to the movies yesterday. {bk04-l1b-f2-02.mp3}
ACCEPT: wanted

TEMPLATE: The show ____ at 8:00 and it ____ at 10:00 last night. (start) (end)
RESPONSE: The show started at 8:00 and it ended at 10:00 last night. {bk04-l1b-f2-03.mp3}
ACCEPT: started, ended | started ended | started and ended

TEMPLATE: The teacher ____ the tests this morning. (correct)
RESPONSE: The teacher corrected the tests this morning. {bk04-l1b-f2-04.mp3}
ACCEPT: corrected

# ============================================================================
# 6. Grammar reference: negatives. Source: ST Lesson 1.
$GRAMMAR Negative Simple Past Tense

To make negative statements in the simple past tense, use **did not** (or the contraction **didn't**) followed by the base form of the verb.

| Affirmative | Negative |
|---|---|
| Jack played baseball yesterday. | He {did not play} tennis. |
| | He {didn't play} soccer. |

# ============================================================================
# 7. Spoken transformation drill on negatives. Source: ST Lesson 1.
$PRODUCE Make Negative Statements
INTRO: Read the sentence and the cue. Say a negative statement in the simple past tense, then listen to the correct answer.
INSTRUCTION: Make a negative statement using the cue.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: My brother visited Dallas. (Houston)
RESPONSE: He didn't visit Houston.

TEMPLATE: Joan played tennis yesterday. (soccer)
RESPONSE: She didn't play soccer.

TEMPLATE: Sally cooked chicken for dinner yesterday. (beef)
RESPONSE: She didn't cook beef.

TEMPLATE: Jack lived in Chicago two years ago. (New York)
RESPONSE: He didn't live in New York.

TEMPLATE: My English class started at 7:15 this morning. (7:30)
RESPONSE: It didn't start at 7:30.

TEMPLATE: Frank cleaned his car last week. (this week)
RESPONSE: He didn't clean his car this week.

TEMPLATE: Mark visited New York City last month. (Los Angeles)
RESPONSE: He didn't visit Los Angeles.

TEMPLATE: The movie ended at 10:30 last night. (10:00)
RESPONSE: It didn't end at 10:00.

# ============================================================================
# 8. Grammar reference: yes/no questions. Source: ST Lesson 1.
$GRAMMAR Simple Past Tense Questions

To ask yes/no questions in the simple past tense, start with **Did**, followed by the subject, and the base form of the verb.

| Did | Subject | Verb | Time |
|---|---|---|---|
| | The show | {started} | at 8:00. |
| **Did** | the show | **{start}** | at 8:00? |

**Short Answers:**
* {Yes, it did.} (Yes, the show started at 8:00.)
* {No, it didn't.} (No, the show didn't start at 8:00.)

# ============================================================================
# 9. Listening drill on questions + short answers (cassette Q&A).
# Source: LLA 1C Figure 2.
$PRODUCE Short Answers
INTRO: Listen to the question, then give a short answer using the yes or no cue on the screen. Repeat the correct answer.
INSTRUCTION: Answer with a short sentence.

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: Yes, ____.
PROMPT: Did Marilyn visit you? {bk04-l1c-f2-ex1-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, she did. {bk04-l1c-f2-ex1-a.mp3}

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: No, ____.
PROMPT: Did Frank play soccer yesterday? {bk04-l1c-f2-ex2-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, he didn't. {bk04-l1c-f2-ex2-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Yes, ____.
PROMPT: Did Paul play basketball yesterday? {bk04-l1c-f2-01-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, he did. {bk04-l1c-f2-01-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: No, ____.
PROMPT: Did Sally cook dinner last night? {bk04-l1c-f2-02-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, she didn't. {bk04-l1c-f2-02-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Yes, ____.
PROMPT: Did Gene and Sam visit Los Angeles last year? {bk04-l1c-f2-03-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, they did. {bk04-l1c-f2-03-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: No, ____.
PROMPT: Did Bill live in Dallas two years ago? {bk04-l1c-f2-04-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, he didn't. {bk04-l1c-f2-04-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: No, ____.
PROMPT: Did Mary clean her room yesterday? {bk04-l1c-f2-05-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, she didn't. {bk04-l1c-f2-05-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Yes, ____.
PROMPT: Did they study the lesson last night? {bk04-l1c-f2-06-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, they did. {bk04-l1c-f2-06-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Yes, ____.
PROMPT: Did he walk downtown yesterday? {bk04-l1c-f2-07-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, he did. {bk04-l1c-f2-07-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: No, ____.
PROMPT: Did they work at a restaurant last year? {bk04-l1c-f2-08-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, they didn't. {bk04-l1c-f2-08-a.mp3}

# ============================================================================
# 10. Extended listening: narration with story panels (past tense in context).
# Source: LLA 1A Figure 8.
$DIALOGUE Linda's Routine
INTRO: Listen to the paragraph about Linda's daily routine.

Narrator: This is Linda. {page_012_001.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f8-01.mp3}

LINE: Linda works in an office. {page_012_001.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f8-02.mp3}

LINE: She works from Monday to Friday. {page_012_001.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f8-03.mp3}

LINE: Linda works all week long. {page_012_001.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f8-04.mp3}

LINE: On Saturdays, Linda gets up early. {page_012_002.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f8-05.mp3}

LINE: She starts to clean her house at eight o'clock. {page_012_002.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f8-06.mp3}

LINE: Linda cleans her house all morning long. {page_012_002.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f8-07.mp3}

LINE: After she cleans, she starts to cook. {page_012_003.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f8-08.mp3}

LINE: Linda likes to cook a big dinner for her friends. {page_012_003.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f8-09.mp3}

LINE: She starts to cook the meal at 2 p.m. {page_012_003.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f8-10.mp3}

LINE: Linda cooks all afternoon long. {page_012_003.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f8-11.mp3}

LINE: Her friends come at 6:30. {page_012_004.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f8-12.mp3}

LINE: Sometimes they watch a show on TV. {page_012_004.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f8-13.mp3}

LINE: Sometimes they talk. {page_012_004.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f8-14.mp3}

LINE: Linda likes their visits very much. {page_012_004.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f8-15.mp3}

# ============================================================================
# 11. Comprehension check on the narration. Source: LLA 1A Figure 8 (part 2).
$SELECT Linda's Routine: Comprehension
INTRO: Now tap the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence about Linda's routine.
INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct option.

TEMPLATE: Linda works...
OPTION: a | all night long
OPTION: b | all week long {bk04-l1a-f8-16.mp3}
ANSWER: b

TEMPLATE: On Saturdays, she ___ her house.
OPTION: a | cleans {bk04-l1a-f8-17.mp3}
OPTION: b | cooks
ANSWER: a

TEMPLATE: She ___ a big dinner.
OPTION: a | cleans
OPTION: b | cooks {bk04-l1a-f8-18.mp3}
ANSWER: b

TEMPLATE: She ___ to cook the meal at 2:00.
OPTION: a | starts {bk04-l1a-f8-19.mp3}
OPTION: b | ends
ANSWER: a

TEMPLATE: Sometimes they watch a ___ on TV.
OPTION: a | game
OPTION: b | show {bk04-l1a-f8-20.mp3}
ANSWER: b

TEMPLATE: Linda likes her friends' ___ very much.
OPTION: a | visits {bk04-l1a-f8-21.mp3}
OPTION: b | houses
ANSWER: a

# ============================================================================
# 12. Reading passage (city/town/visit vocabulary in context). Source: ST Lesson 1.
$DIALOGUE Reading: They Visit Every Month
INSTRUCTION: Read the paragraphs.

Narrator: Joe lives in the city of San Antonio.
LINE: His father and mother don't live in the city.
LINE: They live in the small town of Castroville.

LINE: Every month, they come to the city and visit Joe.
LINE: Their visit always starts on a Friday and ends on a Sunday.

VOCAB: restaurant
LINE: On Saturday nights, they go to a good restaurant. {st_page_010_001.jpg}

LINE: Sometimes, they go to Lugo's Italian Restaurant. {st_page_010_001.jpg}

VOCAB: cook
LINE: They know Mr. Lugo. He cooks very good food. {st_page_010_001.jpg}

# ============================================================================
# 13. Free-form comprehension questions, LLM-graded (type or speak).
# Source: ST Lesson 1.
$PRODUCE Answer the Questions
INSTRUCTION: Answer the questions about the paragraphs.
INPUT: either
CHECK: llm
SHOW_PROMPT

PROMPT: Where do Joe's father and mother live?
RESPONSE: They live in the small town of Castroville.

PROMPT: Where does Joe live?
RESPONSE: Joe lives in the city of San Antonio.

PROMPT: When does their visit always start?
RESPONSE: Their visit always starts on a Friday.

PROMPT: When does it end?
RESPONSE: It ends on a Sunday.

PROMPT: Where do they go on Saturday nights?
RESPONSE: On Saturday nights, they go to a good restaurant.

PROMPT: What restaurant do they sometimes go to?
RESPONSE: Sometimes, they go to Lugo's Italian Restaurant.

PROMPT: Does Mr. Lugo cook good food?
RESPONSE: Yes, he cooks very good food.

# ============================================================================
# 14. Model conversation with real cassette voices (uses the lesson's grammar
# and vocabulary). Source: LLA 1C Figure 4.
$DIALOGUE Let's Play Tennis Friday
INTRO: Listen to the conversation and repeat each line.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
REPEAT

Mike: Did you watch the basketball game last night? {bk04-l1c-f4-01.mp3}
Jim: No, I didn't. {bk04-l1c-f4-02a.mp3}
LINE: Was the game good? {bk04-l1c-f4-02b.mp3}

Mike: Yes, it was. {bk04-l1c-f4-03a.mp3}
LINE: They played a very good game. {bk04-l1c-f4-03b.mp3}

Jim: Dan and I played tennis all evening long. {bk04-l1c-f4-04a.mp3}
LINE: Do you play tennis, Mike? {bk04-l1c-f4-04b.mp3}

Mike: Yes, I do. {bk04-l1c-f4-05.mp3}
Jim: Do you want to play Friday after school? {bk04-l1c-f4-06.mp3}

Mike: Okay. {bk04-l1c-f4-07.mp3}

# ============================================================================
# 15. Final free-form practice: hold the conversation yourself.
# Source: ST Lesson 1.
$CHAT Let's Play a Game
INTRO: Now have a conversation like the one you just heard. Invite your partner to play a sport.
SCENARIO: Invite someone to play a sport and arrange a time to meet.
INITIAL_PROMPT: You are a student who loves sports. A classmate is inviting you to play a game. Respond enthusiastically, agree to play, and arrange a time to meet.
