sources/book-11/lla-2B.md

<!-- source file: 007 - LANGUAGE LABORATORY ACTIVITIES LESSON 2B BOOK 11.md -->

# LANGUAGE LABORATORY ACTIVITIES LESSON 2B, BOOK 11

### Figure 1

**Repeat the words and sentences.**

![Illustration of a street scene showing pedestrians crossing at an intersection, traffic light with WALK/DON'T WALK signals labeled SIGNALS, a highway sign labeled SIGNS, and labeled elements: INTERSECTION, PEDESTRIANS](images/page_040_001.jpg)

<u>caution</u> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u>flash</u> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u>intersection</u> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u>pedestrian</u> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u>sign</u> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u>signal</u>

1. Be careful; use <u>caution</u>.

2. When a light turns on and off quickly, it <u>flashes</u>.

3. Streets cross at <u>intersections</u>.

4. When people walk, they're <u>pedestrians</u> .

5. <u>Signs</u> show names, directions, and other information.

6. A traffic light is a <u>signal</u>.

---

### Figure 2

**Answer the questions.**

At an intersection, people and cars come together from different directions. Because accidents can easily happen there, a large intersection usually has many signals and signs.

Traffic signals use lights to give instructions. Traffic lights tell drivers, bicycle riders, and pedestrians to stop, to go, or to use caution. Traffic signs use words and pictures to give instructions or information.

Cautious drivers look for signals and signs. Then they follow the instructions and use the information to drive safely.

---

### Figure 3

**Give the number of the correct signal.**

**SIGNALS**

1.
![A vertical traffic signal light showing three circular lights labeled: stop (red), caution (yellow), go (green)](images/page_042_001.jpg)

**traffic signals**

2.
![Three black boxes containing white directional arrows: top box has arrow pointing up labeled "ahead only", middle box has arrow pointing left labeled "left only", bottom box has arrow pointing right labeled "right only"](images/page_042_002.jpg)

3.
![Four square pedestrian signal boxes: top left has a walking person icon, top right has a raised hand icon, bottom left has the word WALK in a circle, bottom right has the words DON'T WALK in a circle](images/page_042_003.jpg)

**pedestrian signals**

---

4.
![#4 A driver's arm extended straight out and pointing down from a car window](images/page_042_004.jpg)

**stop or slow down**

5.
![#5 A driver's arm extended straight out horizontally from a car window](images/page_042_005.jpg)

**left turn**

6.
![#6 A driver's arm bent upward at the elbow from a car window](images/page_042_006.jpg)

**right turn**

**hand signals**

---

7.
![#7 Drawing of two cars showing front turn signals illuminated, with lines pointing to them labeled "TURN SIGNALS" and "(FLASHING YELLOW)"](images/page_042_007.jpg)

**left or right turn**

8.
![#8 Drawing of the rear of a car showing brake lights illuminated, labeled "BRAKE LIGHTS" and "(RED)"](images/page_042_008.jpg)

**stop or slow down**

**automobile signals**

---

### Figure 4

**Repeat the words and sentences.**

#### SIGNS

1. <u>stop sign</u>

![A black octagonal stop sign with the word STOP](images/page_043_001.jpg)

Stop at the stop sign and look both ways. Go when it's safe.

2. <u>yield</u><br><u>right-of-way</u>

![A triangular yield sign with the word YIELD](images/page_043_002.jpg)

Yield the right-of-way to the other driver. He can go ahead of you.

3. <u>one-way</u>

![A rectangular one-way sign showing an arrow pointing right with the words ONE WAY](images/page_043_003.jpg)

This is a one-way street. Traffic moves in only one direction.

4. <u>two-way</u>

![A diamond-shaped sign showing two arrows pointing in opposite directions](images/page_043_004.jpg)

This is a two-way street. Traffic moves in both directions.

5. <u>railroad</u><br><u>crossing</u>

![A circular railroad crossing sign with an X and the letters R R](images/page_043_005.jpg)

A railroad crosses the highway here. A train may be coming.

---

### Figure 5

**Write the number of the sentence under the correct sign.**

![#a A triangular yield sign reading YIELD](images/page_044_001.jpg)
a. ______

![#b A circular railroad crossing sign reading RXR](images/page_044_002.jpg)
b. ______

![#c A diamond-shaped sign with two opposing arrows indicating two-way traffic](images/page_044_003.jpg)
c. ______

![#d A rectangular sign reading ONE WAY with an arrow pointing right](images/page_044_004.jpg)
d. ______

![#e An octagonal stop sign reading STOP](images/page_044_005.jpg)
e. ______

---

### Figure 6

**Repeat the words.**<br>**Write the words you hear.**

| anyone | someone | no one |
|---|---|---|
| anybody | somebody | nobody |

Ellen: Do you want to read this letter from Nancy?

Becky: Yes, thank you. __________________ writes to me.

Ellen: Do you write to __________________?

Becky: No. I don't mail anything to __________________.

Ellen: That's the problem. __________________ gets mail from you.

Becky: Do you think I should write to __________________?

Ellen: Yes. Then __________________ will answer your letter.

Becky: And I'll have more than just bills in my mailbox.

---

### Figure 7

**Change the sentence to a question.**

*Example:* Nobody's here. (anyone)<br>Is anyone here?

1. No one can hear us.

2. Nobody saw the accident.

3. Someone knows the answer.

4. Somebody called you last night.

5. Nobody told Mark about the test.

6. No one knows Ann's telephone number.

---

### Figure 8

**Answer the questions.**

*Example:* Is anybody going to the show? (no, nobody)<br>No, nobody's going to the show.

1. Has somebody been using my pen?

2. Does anybody understand the lesson?

3. Can someone give me a ride home?

4. Did anyone bring the soft drinks?

5. Will somebody tell Mark the answer?

6. Is anybody listening to this tape?

---

### Figure 9

**Write the punctuation mark in the correct place.**

#### COLUMNS

| | 1 | 2 | 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| **R**<br>**O**<br>**W**<br>**S** | **1** | | | |
| | **2** | | | |
| | **3** | | | |

| KEY |
|---|
| , = comma |
| ! = exclamation mark |
| ( ) = parentheses |
| " " = quotation marks |
| ; = semicolon |
| ? = question mark |

---

### Figure 7

**Change the sentence to a question.**

*Example:* Nobody's here. (anyone)<br>Is anyone here?

1. No one can hear us.

2. Nobody saw the accident.

3. Someone knows the answer.

4. Somebody called you last night.

5. Nobody told Mark about the test.

6. No one knows Ann's telephone number.

---

### Figure 8

**Answer the questions.**

*Example:* Is anybody going to the show? (no, nobody)<br>No, nobody's going to the show.

1. Has somebody been using my pen?

2. Does anybody understand the lesson?

3. Can someone give me a ride home?

4. Did anyone bring the soft drinks?

5. Will somebody tell Mark the answer?

6. Is anybody listening to this tape?

---

### Figure 9

**Write the punctuation mark in the correct place.**

#### COLUMNS

| | 1 | 2 | 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| **R<br>O<br>W<br>S** **1** | | | |
| **2** | | | |
| **3** | | | |

| KEY |
|---|
| , = comma |
| ! = exclamation mark |
| ( ) = parentheses |
| “ ” = quotation marks |
| ; = semicolon |
| ? = question mark |


<!-- source file: 024 - AUDIO SCRIPT.md -->

# AUDIO SCRIPT
## Lesson 2B

#### AUDIO TRACK 6

(1) Hello again. Open your Language Laboratory Activities booklet to Lesson 2B. pause 6 sec)

(2) Look at Figure 1. Listen to the words under the picture; then repeat them. (pause for repetition)

caution...caution  
flash...flash  
intersection...intersection  
pedestrian...pedestrian  
sign...sign  
signal...signal

(3) Now look at the sentences. Listen, then repeat them. (pause for repetition)

Number 1: Be careful; use caution.

Number 2: When a light turns on and off quickly, it flashes.

Number 3: Streets cross at intersections.

Number 4: When people walk, they're pedestrians.

Number 5: Signs show names, directions, and other information.

Number 6: A traffic light is a signal.

#### AUDIO TRACK 7

(4) Now look at Figure 2. Listen to the paragraphs. Don't repeat them.

At an intersection, people and cars come together from different directions. Because accidents can easily happen there, a large intersection usually has many signals and signs.

Traffic signals use lights to give instructions. Traffic lights tell drivers, bicycle riders, and pedestrians to stop, to go, or to use caution. Traffic signs use words and pictures to give instructions or information.

Cautious drivers look for signals and signs. Then they follow the instructions and use the information to drive safely.

---

(5) Look at the paragraphs again and answer the questions. (pause 5 sec after each question; pause for repetition)

Where do cars and people come together? (pause 5 sec)
Repeat: They come together at intersections.

What can easily happen at an intersection?
Repeat: Accidents can happen easily at an intersection.

What does a large intersection usually have?
Repeat: It usually has many signals and signs.

What do traffic signals use to give instructions?
Repeat: Traffic signals use lights to give instructions.

What does a traffic light tell people to do?
Repeat: It tells them to stop, to go, or to use caution.

What do traffic signs have on them?
Repeat: Traffic signs have words and pictures on them.

What do traffic signs give?
Repeat: They give instructions and information.

What do cautious drivers look for?
Repeat: They look for signs and signals.

How do cautious drivers use the instructions and information?
Repeat: They use them to drive safely.

**AUDIO TRACK 8**

(6) Please go to Figure 3. Look at the pictures and listen. Don't repeat.

Number 1: Traffic signals tell drivers to move or to stop. A green light says "Go!" A yellow light says, "Be careful." A red light says "Stop!" This signal is also called a "stop light."

Number 2: Traffic signals also tell drivers to turn or go straight ahead.

Number 3: There are signals only for pedestrians. When the signal says "Walk" or shows the picture of a man, look both ways, and then cross the street quickly. When it says "Don't walk" or shows the picture of a hand, wait on the corner until the light changes.

Number 4: Sometimes drivers use hand signals. This signal tells other drivers that this car is going to slow down or stop.

Number 5: This is the hand signal for a left turn.

Number 6: This driver is going to turn right.

Number 7: Some of the lights on the front and back of a car are also signals. When the yellow lights on the front and back of a car are flashing, its driver wants to turn or change lanes.

Number 8: Red lights on the back of the car come on when the car is slowing down or stopping.

(7) Look at the signals again and listen to the question. Then give the number of the correct signal. (pause as indicated; pause for repetition)

Which traffic signal tells drivers to go, stop, or be ready to stop? (pause 5 sec) Number 1. Repeat: The traffic light tells people to go, stop, or be ready to stop.

Which hand signal does a driver use before a right turn? (pause 5 sec) Number 6. Repeat: This is the signal for a right turn.

Which lights tell other drivers that a car is turning or changing lanes? (pause 5 sec) Number 7. Repeat: The flashing yellow lights are turn signals.

Which signal lights tell pedestrians when it's safe to cross a street? (pause 5 sec) Number 3. Repeat: Pedestrian signal lights tell people when to cross a street.

Which hand signal shows that the driver is going to turn left? (pause 5 sec) Number 5. Repeat: This is the signal for a left turn.

Which traffic signals tell drivers to turn, or go straight ahead? (pause 5 sec) Number 2. Repeat: These signals tell drivers to turn or go straight ahead.

Which hand signal shows that the driver is going to slow down or stop? (pause 5 sec) Number 4. Repeat: This driver is going to slow down or stop.

Which lights tell the drivers behind another car that it's slowing down or stopping? (pause 5 sec) Number 8. Repeat: The red lights on the back of the car.

**AUDIO TRACK 9**

(8) Turn to Figure 4 and look at the signs. Repeat the words and sentences. (pause for repetition)

Number 1: stop sign...stop sign
Stop at the stop sign and look both ways. (pause)
Go when it's safe.

Number 2: yield...yield
right-of-way...right-of-way
Yield the right-of-way to the other driver. (pause)
He can go ahead of you.

Number 3: one-way...one-way
This is a one-way street. (pause)
Traffic moves in only one direction.

Number 4: two-way...two-way
This is a two-way street. (pause)
Traffic moves in both directions.

Number 5: railroad...railroad
crossing...crossing
A railroad crosses the highway here. (pause)
A train may be coming.

**AUDIO TRACK 10**

(9) Now look at Figure 5. Listen to the sentence. Write the number of the sentence under the correct sign. (pause 6 sec between items)

Number 1: Be careful. Look for a train.

Number 2: All cars must travel in the same direction.

Number 3: You must let other drivers go ahead of you.

Number 4: Stop at the intersection. Don't go until it's safe.

Number 5: Cars are moving in opposite directions on this street.

(10) Listen and check your answers.

Number 1 is b, the railroad crossing sign.

Number 2 is d, the one-way traffic sign.

Number 3 is a, the yield sign.

Number 4 is e, the stop sign.

Number 5 is c, the two-way traffic sign.

**AUDIO TRACK 11**

(11) Now go to Figure 6. Look at the words in the box. Listen to the words and repeat them. (pause for repetition)

anyone...anyone

anybody...anybody

someone...someone

somebody...somebody

no one...no one

nobody...nobody

(12) The dialog has the words which are in the box. Write the words in the blanks when you hear them. Listen and write. (pause as marked)

(2 female voices)

voice 1: Do you want to read this letter from Nancy?
voice 2: Yes, thank you. No one writes to <u>me</u>. (pause 6 sec)
voice 1: Do you write to anybody? (pause 6 sec)
voice 2: No. I don't mail anything to anyone. (pause 6 sec)
voice 1: That's the problem. Nobody gets mail from you. (pause 6 sec)
voice 2: Do you think I should write to someone? (pause 6 sec)
voice 1: Yes. Then somebody will answer your letter. (pause 6 sec)
voice 2: And I'll have more than just bills in my mailbox.

(13) Now check your answers and repeat the dialog. (pause for repetition)

voice 1: Do you want to read this letter from Nancy?
voice 2: Yes, thank you. No one writes to me.
voice 1: Do you write to anybody?
voice 2: No. I don't mail anything to anyone.
voice 1: That's the problem. Nobody gets mail from you.
voice 2: Do you think I should write to someone?
voice 1: Yes. Then somebody will answer your letter.
voice 2: And I'll have more than just bills in my mailbox.

**AUDIO TRACK 12**

(14) Look at Figure 7 and listen to the example. Don't repeat.

(voice 2 for cues in parentheses)

Nobody's here.
(voice 2): anyone
Is anyone here?

Now listen to the sentence and the word after it. Then change the sentence to a question. (pause as marked; pause for repetition)

Number 1: No one can hear us.
(voice 2): anybody (pause 4 sec)
Repeat: Can anybody hear us?

Number 2: Nobody saw the accident.
(voice 2): someone (pause 4 sec)
Repeat: Did someone see the accident?

Number 3: Someone knows the answer.
(voice 2): somebody (pause 4 sec)
Repeat: Does somebody know the answer?

Number 4: Somebody called you last night.
(voice 2): anybody (pause 4 sec)
Repeat: Did anybody call you last night?

Number 5: Nobody told Mark about the test.
(voice 2): somebody (pause 4 sec)
Repeat: Did somebody tell Mark about the test?

Number 6: No one knows Ann's telephone number.
(voice 2): anyone (pause 4 sec)
Repeat: Does anyone know Ann's telephone number?

**AUDIO TRACK 13**

(15) Look at Figure 8 and listen to the example. Don't repeat.

(voice 2 for cues in parentheses)

voice 1: Is anybody going to the show?
(voice 2): no, nobody
voice 1: No, nobody's going to the show.

(16) Listen to the question and the words after it. Then answer the question. (pause as marked; pause for repetition)

Number 1: Has somebody been using my pen?
(voice 2): no, nobody (pause 4 sec)
Repeat: No, nobody's been using your pen.

Number 2: Does anybody understand the lesson?
(voice 2): yes, someone (pause 4 sec)
Repeat: Yes, someone understands the lesson.

Number 3: Can someone give me a ride home?
(voice 2): yes, somebody (pause 4 sec)
Repeat: Yes, somebody can give you a ride home.

Number 4: Did anyone bring the soft drinks?
(voice 2): no, no one (pause 4 sec)
Repeat: No, no one brought the soft drinks.

Number 5: Will somebody tell Mark the answer?
(voice 2): no, nobody (pause 4 sec)
Repeat: No, nobody will tell Mark the answer.

Number 6: Is anybody listening to this tape?
(voice 2): yes, someone (pause 4 sec)
Repeat: Yes. <u>Someone's</u> listening to this tape.

**AUDIO TRACK 14**

(17) Turn to Figure 9 now. Listen to the sentence. Then write the punctuation mark in the correct place. Look at the grid and listen to the example. The exclamation mark is in column 2, row 2. Put the exclamation mark in the second row of the second column. (pause 8 sec) There should be an exclamation mark in the middle square. Now listen and write the punctuation mark in the correct place. (pause 8 sec between statements)

The comma is in column 1, row 1. (pause 8 sec)

The semi-colon is in column 3, row 1.

The quotation marks are in column 1, row 3.

The parentheses are in column 3, row 3.

The question mark is in column 2, row 3.

(18) Now check your work on the answer page for this lesson.

THIS IS THE END OF LESSON 2B, BOOK 11.

---

– USER NOTES –