alc-english/book-12-lesson-2.module

$MODULE Book 12 · Lesson 2: I've Made Up My Mind {st-page_043_001.jpg|A man in a military uniform shaking hands with another man across an office desk}
FORMAT: 2
DIOCO_DOC_ID: alc_book12_lesson2
DESCRIPTION: Education and career decisions; time adverbs (already, still, yet, anymore, any longer, no longer); the present perfect; combining sentences with "so" and "or"; readings, inferences, listening comprehension, and dictation.
TARGET_LANG_G: en
HOME_LANG_G: en
VOICE_DEFAULT: aoede | Clear, friendly American English narrator
VOICE_PROMPT: gacrux | Questions and cues, read clearly
VOICE_RESPONSE: schedar | Model answers, warm and clear
VOICE: Sam | charon | Male speaker
VOICE: Mark | achird | Male student
VOICE: Jack | puck | Male speaker
VOICE: Mike | alnilam | Male speaker
VOICE: Bob | schedar | Male speaker
VOICE: Sally | aoede | Female speaker
VOICE: Don | schedar | Male speaker
VOICE: Mom | aoede | Female parent
VOICE: Son | achird | Male speaker
VOICE: Glen | schedar | Male speaker
VOICE: Tony | charon | Male speaker
VOICE: Dan | schedar | Male speaker
VOICE: Paula | aoede | Female speaker
VOICE: Doug | rasalgethi | Male speaker
VOICE: Dave | umbriel | Male speaker
VOICE: Rick | charon | Male speaker
VOICE: Cory | fenrir | Male speaker
VOICE: Carl | iapetus | Male speaker
VOICE: Nick | schedar | Male speaker
VOICE: Greg | orus | Male speaker
VOICE: Fred | achird | Male speaker
VOICE: Clerk | gacrux | Female receptionist
VOICE: Maria | aoede | Female patient
VOICE: Steven | schedar | Male customer
VOICE: Waiter | charon | Male restaurant server
VOICE: Tommy | achird | Young male speaker
VOICE: Mother | leda | Female parent
VOICE: Joe | charon | Male speaker
VOICE: Tim | iapetus | Male speaker
VOICE: Narrator | achernar | speaker (auto)

$SESSION 2-1: Education and College Decisions

# Source: LLA 2A pre-figure vocabulary
$DIALOGUE New Words: Education and Decisions
ID: 12-2a-vocab
INTRO: In this lesson you'll learn to talk about school, careers, and big decisions — and to say what has already happened, or hasn't happened yet. First, the new words. Listen and repeat each sentence.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat each sentence.
REPEAT

VOCAB: to educate
LINE: Teachers educate children. They teach them many things. {bk12-l2a-f1-01.mp3}

VOCAB: to turn down
LINE: That job did not pay enough money. I turned it down. {bk12-l2a-f1-02.mp3}

VOCAB: education
LINE: Sergeant Franklin wants his children to have a good education. He wants them to go to a good school. {bk12-l2a-f1-03.mp3}

VOCAB: university
LINE: Keith studied French when he was at the university. {bk12-l2a-f1-04.mp3}

VOCAB: diploma
LINE: Debbie received her diploma yesterday. She finished school. {bk12-l2a-f1-05.mp3}

VOCAB: already
LINE: Roger is not hungry. He already ate dinner. {bk12-l2a-f1-06.mp3}

VOCAB: instead
LINE: I don't want chicken. I'll eat fish instead. {bk12-l2a-f1-07.mp3}

VOCAB: instead of
LINE: Jim bought the blue shirt instead of the yellow one. {bk12-l2a-f1-08.mp3}

VOCAB: discussion
LINE: Colonel Jones and Colonel Roberts had a discussion about the new mess hall. They talked about it for 30 minutes. {bk12-l2a-f1-09.mp3}

VOCAB: to discuss
LINE: Captain Peterson wanted to discuss his score with his teacher. He wanted to talk to her about it. {bk12-l2a-f1-10.mp3}


# Source: ST §Education in the U.S. (grammar tables)
$GRAMMAR Education in the U.S.
ID: l2-s1
INTRO: Here's how school works in the United States — from kindergarten all the way to a Ph.D. It's a long road; luckily, you only have to read about it.

CARD: Children start in **kindergarten**, then go through elementary, middle, and high school. Students who finish high school receive a **diploma**.
{a high school diploma}

CARD: A **technical school** teaches job skills like electronics, mechanics, or computers, and may offer an associate degree.
{an associate degree}

CARD: A **college** offers two kinds of degrees: a two-year associate degree and a four-year bachelor degree.
{a bachelor degree}

CARD: A **university** offers degrees in many fields — bachelor, master, and Ph.D. Medical school comes after a bachelor degree.
{a master degree}
{a Ph.D.}

SUMMARY:
| SCHOOL | GRADES | DEGREE |
|---|---|---|
| Kindergarten | | |
| Elementary | 1st-5th | |
| Middle | 6th-8th | |
| High | 9th-12th | diploma |

| SCHOOL | TIME | DEGREE |
|---|---|---|
| Technical school | | associate (Electronics, Mechanics, Computers, etc.) |
| College | 2 yr | associate |
| College | 4 yr | bachelor |
| University | 4-5 yr | bachelor |
| University | 2-3 yr | master |
| University | 3-8 yr | Ph.D. |

*(Medical School follows a bachelor degree.)*


# Source: ST §Repeat and Read: Schools and Education
$DIALOGUE Schools and Degrees
ID: l2-s2
INTRO: Now say the school system out loud. Listen and repeat each sentence.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat the sentences.
REPEAT

VOCAB: high school diploma
LINE: Students who finish high school receive a high school diploma.

VOCAB: technical school
LINE: Students who want to study mechanics may go to a technical school.

VOCAB: college
VOCAB: offer
VOCAB: degree
LINE: A college offers two kinds of degrees.

VOCAB: field
LINE: A university offers degrees in many fields.

LINE: Medicine, business, and education are some fields you can study.

VOCAB: medical school
LINE: Students who want to become doctors go to medical school.


# Source: ST §Education in the U.S. — Choose the Best Answer
$SELECT Education in the U.S.: Check Your Understanding
ID: l2-s3
REFERENCE: l2-s1
INTRO: Five quick questions about American schools. Tap the best answer — the chart is there if you need it.
INSTRUCTION: Tap the best answer.

PROMPT: When do students receive a diploma?
OPTION: a | when they begin school
OPTION: b | at the end of middle school
OPTION: c | at the end of high school
ANSWER: c

TEMPLATE: To become a doctor, a student has to go to ____.
OPTION: a | technical school
OPTION: b | medical school
OPTION: c | bachelor's school
ANSWER: b

PROMPT: Which school offers more kinds of degrees?
OPTION: a | a technical school
OPTION: b | a college
OPTION: c | a university
ANSWER: c

PROMPT: Which is a field you can study at a university?
OPTION: a | medicine
OPTION: b | profession
OPTION: c | high school
ANSWER: a

TEMPLATE: To study mechanics, a person may go to a ____.
OPTION: a | technical school
OPTION: b | medical school
OPTION: c | professional school
ANSWER: a


# Source: LLA 2A Figure 1
$DIALOGUE Mark's College Decision
ID: 12-2a-f1-dialogue
INTRO: Mark has a big decision to make about college, and it's not going well. Listen to Sam talk him through it.
INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.

Sam: Hi, Mark. What's wrong? {bk12-l2a-f1-d01.mp3}
Mark: Oh, Sam, I'm so confused. {bk12-l2a-f1-d02.mp3}
Sam: About what? {bk12-l2a-f1-d03.mp3}
Mark: I've got to make a decision about college. My parents and I talked it over last night. Right now, I don't know if I want to go into a professional field or a technical field. {bk12-l2a-f1-d04.mp3}
Sam: You don't have to make a choice today. You've got plenty of time to think it over. You're only in your second year of high school. {bk12-l2a-f1-d05.mp3}
Mark: You're right. Maybe by next year it won't be so confusing. {bk12-l2a-f1-d06.mp3}


# Source: LLA 2A Figure 1 (role-play)
$DIALOGUE Role-Play: Take Mark's Part
ID: 12-2a-f1-role-mark
REFERENCE: 12-2a-f1-dialogue
PLAY_ROLE: Mark
INTRO: Same conversation — but now the confusion is yours. You are Mark; say Mark's lines in the pauses.
INSTRUCTION: You are Mark — speak your lines in the pauses.


# Source: LLA 2A Figure 2 (role-play)
$DIALOGUE Role-Play: Take Sam's Part
ID: 12-2a-f2-role-sam
REFERENCE: 12-2a-f1-dialogue
PLAY_ROLE: Sam
INTRO: Now change roles. You are Sam, the calm one — say Sam's lines in the pauses.
INSTRUCTION: You are Sam — speak your lines in the pauses.


# Source: LLA 2A Figure 3
$PRODUCE Questions About Mark's Decision
ID: 12-2a-f3
REFERENCE: 12-2a-f1-dialogue
INTRO: Listen to each question about Mark and Sam's conversation. Answer aloud in a complete sentence, then repeat the model answer. Open the dialogue if you need it.
INSTRUCTION: Answer each question aloud.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
REPEAT

PROMPT: Is Mark happy? {bk12-l2a-f3-01-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, he's confused. {bk12-l2a-f3-01-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Does he have to make a decision about work? {bk12-l2a-f3-02-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, he has to make a decision about college. {bk12-l2a-f3-02-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Does he have to make a choice today? {bk12-l2a-f3-03-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, he's got plenty of time to think it over. {bk12-l2a-f3-03-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Is he in college now? {bk12-l2a-f3-04-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, he's in his second year of high school. {bk12-l2a-f3-04-a.mp3}


$SESSION 2-2: Careers and Big Decisions

# Source: LLA 2B pre-figure vocabulary
$DIALOGUE New Words: Accepting and Refusing
ID: 12-2b-vocab
INTRO: In this part you'll practice the words people use when they accept, refuse, and talk over big offers. Listen and repeat each sentence.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
REPEAT

LINE: Larry took 6 math courses at the university. He studied 6 math courses. {bk12-l2b-f1-01.mp3}

VOCAB: to accept
VOCAB: promotion
LINE: That new job is a promotion. I'm going to accept it. {bk12-l2b-f1-02.mp3}

VOCAB: offer
VOCAB: education
LINE: The Navy made John a good offer. They'll help pay for his education. {bk12-l2b-f1-03.mp3}

VOCAB: to refuse
LINE: The last time we ate at that restaurant, the food was terrible. I refuse to go there again. {bk12-l2b-f1-04.mp3}

VOCAB: to retire
LINE: Next year, James is going to retire. He plans to travel all over the United States. {bk12-l2b-f1-05.mp3}

LINE: I don't know where Captain Highland is. I just got here. {bk12-l2b-f1-06.mp3}

VOCAB: to offer
LINE: I think Mr. Moore is going to offer me that teaching job. {bk12-l2b-f1-07.mp3}

VOCAB: profession
LINE: Don is a doctor. He's part of the medical profession. {bk12-l2b-f1-08.mp3}


# Source: LLA 2B Figure 1
$DIALOGUE In the Medical Field
ID: 12-2b-f1-dialogue
INTRO: Jack wants to know all about Mike's career plans. Mike, for once, has answers. Listen to the conversation.
INSTRUCTION: Listen to the conversation.

Jack: Hey, Mike. What courses are you taking now? {bk12-l2b-f1-09.mp3}
Mike: I'm taking a lot of medical courses, Jack. I'm in the medical field. {bk12-l2b-f1-10.mp3}
Jack: Are you going to be a doctor? {bk12-l2b-f1-11.mp3}
Mike: No. I'm going to be a nurse. {bk12-l2b-f1-12.mp3}
Jack: Will you get a degree? {bk12-l2b-f1-13.mp3}
Mike: Yes. My degree will be in nursing. {bk12-l2b-f1-14.mp3}
Jack: It sounds like an interesting career. {bk12-l2b-f1-15.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2B Figure 1 (role-play)
$DIALOGUE Role-Play: Take Mike's Part
ID: 12-2b-f1-role-mike
REFERENCE: 12-2b-f1-dialogue
PLAY_ROLE: Mike
INTRO: You are Mike. Practice the conversation and say Mike's lines in the pauses.
INSTRUCTION: You are Mike — speak your lines in the pauses.

# Source: LLA 2B Figure 2 (role-play)
$DIALOGUE Role-Play: Take Jack's Part
ID: 12-2b-f2-role-jack
REFERENCE: 12-2b-f1-dialogue
PLAY_ROLE: Jack
INTRO: Now change roles. You are Jack, and the questions are yours — say Jack's lines in the pauses.
INSTRUCTION: You are Jack — speak your lines in the pauses.


# Source: ST §A Time for Decisions — Part I
$DIALOGUE A Time for Decisions — Part I: Dan {st-page_047_001.jpg|A man sitting at a desk with papers in front of him, framed certificates and a framed family photo hanging on the wall behind him}
ID: l2-s4
INTRO: Meet Dan — seventeen years in the military, and one big question about what comes next. Listen to his story.
INSTRUCTION: Listen to the story.

VOCAB: career
Narrator: Meet Dan. Dan has been in the military for 17 years. It has been his career all these years.

VOCAB: future
VOCAB: choice
VOCAB: retire
Narrator: Dan has been thinking about his future. He has two choices: he can retire from the military in four years, or he can stay in.

VOCAB: make up one's mind | made up his mind
VOCAB: yet
Narrator: Dan hasn't made up his mind yet.

VOCAB: associate degree
Narrator: If he chooses to become a civilian, he has to be ready. He needs a new profession, so he's thinking about going to technical school to get his associate degree.

VOCAB: talk over
Narrator: He'll talk it over with his wife, Paula, this evening.

# Source: ST §A Time for Decisions — True or False (items 1–7)
$SELECT True or False: Dan
ID: l2-s6-p1
REFERENCE: l2-s4
INTRO: Seven statements about Dan. Tap True or False — and reread his story if you need to.
INSTRUCTION: Tap True or False.
OPTION: t | True
OPTION: f | False

PROMPT: Dan's career has been in the military.
ANSWER: t

PROMPT: Dan has been thinking about things he has already done.
ANSWER: f

PROMPT: One of Dan's choices is to retire from civilian work.
ANSWER: f

PROMPT: Dan decided to retire.
ANSWER: f

PROMPT: Dan may have a new profession in the future.
ANSWER: t

PROMPT: Dan may get an associate degree from a university.
ANSWER: f

PROMPT: Dan will discuss this with his wife.
ANSWER: t

# Source: ST §A Time for Decisions — Part II
$DIALOGUE A Time for Decisions — Part II: Paula {st-page_048_001.jpg|A female teacher standing at a blackboard pointing to written Spanish phrases: "¡BUENOS DÍAS! ¿CÓMO ESTÁ UST? SEÑOR SEÑORA SEÑORITA", facing two students sitting in front of her}
ID: l2-s5
INTRO: Now meet Paula, Dan's wife. She has a decision of her own to make — apparently it runs in the family.
INSTRUCTION: Listen to the story.

VOCAB: professional
Narrator: Meet Paula. Paula is a professional in the field of education. She teaches Spanish at a high school.

Narrator: She has been a teacher in the same school for the last ten years.

VOCAB: just
Narrator: This afternoon, Highland College just offered her a job.

Narrator: She would like to change jobs because it would be good for her professional growth, but the job at the college is in the evening, and that's the time she spends teaching her children.

VOCAB: think over
VOCAB: discuss
Narrator: She has to think it over and discuss the offer with Dan this evening.

# Source: ST §A Time for Decisions — True or False (items 8–12)
$SELECT True or False: Paula
ID: l2-s6-p2
REFERENCE: l2-s5
INTRO: Now five statements about Paula. Tap True or False.
INSTRUCTION: Tap True or False.
OPTION: t | True
OPTION: f | False

PROMPT: Paula is in the field of education.
ANSWER: t

PROMPT: Another high school just offered her a job.
ANSWER: f

PROMPT: A job at a college would help her career.
ANSWER: t

PROMPT: She will teach her children in the morning.
ANSWER: f

PROMPT: She will think about this and talk to Dan.
ANSWER: t

# SKIPPED (book): Listening Skill "IT EAT IT" (p. 41) — instructor-read vowel sound discrimination with unprinted stimulus words.

# Source: ST §Making Decisions vocabulary (trimmed — most items are cassette-taught in LLA 2A/2B; distinct words kept here)
$DIALOGUE More Decision Words
ID: l2-s7
INTRO: Two more words you'll hear in Dan and Paula's kitchen tonight. Listen and repeat.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
REPEAT

VOCAB: refusal
LINE: Paula won't accept the new job. She will refuse it. She'll give her refusal on Monday.

VOCAB: educator
LINE: My neighbor is an educator. She works at the college.

LINE: I offered to help her but she refused.

# Source: ST §A Decision Without Discussion
$DIALOGUE A Decision Without Discussion
ID: l2-s8
INTRO: It's evening at Dan and Paula's house. Paula has made her decision — before the discussion even started. Listen and repeat the dialog.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat the dialog.
REPEAT

Paula: After the kids and I got home from school, I decided I didn't want the job, Dan. I'm going to turn it down.

Dan: Don't you want to hear what I have to say?

Paula: Yes, but first, remember, I am a mother and an educator so I want to educate my children first. If I take the job at Highland College, I won't have time to teach them.

VOCAB: confused
Dan: Now I'm confused, Paula. You've always said you need professional growth, and now that you have a chance, instead of accepting a better job, you're going to refuse it.

Paula: Now, now, Dan.
LINE: Don't you start with me!
VOCAB: decision
LINE: I know that deep down you're happy with my decision.
LINE: Why don't we talk about your school instead?
NOTES: "Don't you start with me!" = Don't make problems. | "deep down" = inside

Dan: I think I want to wait until after dinner.

Paula: Okay.

# Source: ST §Questions: A Decision Without Discussion
$PRODUCE Questions: A Decision Without Discussion
ID: l2-s9
REFERENCE: l2-s8
INTRO: Answer these questions about Paula's decision in full sentences, out loud. Open the dialog if you need it.
INSTRUCTION: Answer the questions about the dialog.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
SHOW_PROMPT
RUBRIC: Treat the model answer as the factual key; accept any phrasing or short form of the same fact.

PROMPT: Is Paula going to accept the job or refuse it?
RESPONSE: She is going to refuse it.

PROMPT: Has she discussed this with Dan?
RESPONSE: No, she hasn't discussed it with him yet.

PROMPT: What is Paula's profession?
RESPONSE: She is a teacher.

PROMPT: Why did she make that decision?
RESPONSE: Because she wants to have time to teach her children.

PROMPT: Why is Dan confused?
RESPONSE: Because Paula wanted professional growth, but she turned down a better job.

PROMPT: Do you think Dan is happy about Paula's decision?
RESPONSE: Yes, Paula thinks he is happy deep down.

# Source: ST §Dan Changes His Mind About His Field
$DIALOGUE Dan Changes His Mind
ID: l2-s10
INTRO: After dinner, it's Dan's turn to decide — and he's changed his mind about what to study. Listen and repeat the dialog.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat the dialog.
REPEAT

Dan: I've been thinking about the future, Paula.
LINE: If I retire in four years, I need to have a career as a civilian.
LINE: I need to go back to school.

VOCAB: change one's mind | changed your mind
Paula: You really should. Do you still want to get some medical training, or have you changed your mind?

VOCAB: course
Dan: I think I'd like to take more courses in electronics.

VOCAB: already
Paula: That's good, since you've already taken courses in that field.

VOCAB: tour of duty
Dan: Yes, and I sure have enjoyed them. Now that we've made all these plans, I hope they don't send me on an overseas tour of duty.

Paula: I think you've been out of the country enough.

Dan: Paula, I'm still a little confused. Are you sure you're happy with your refusal?

VOCAB: confusing
Paula: It's really not so confusing, Dan.
LINE: I'm not really happy, but I think this is what I have to do.
LINE: All of us have to make some choices we don't like.

# Source: ST §Questions: Dan Changes His Mind
$PRODUCE Questions: Dan Changes His Mind
ID: l2-s11
REFERENCE: l2-s10
INTRO: Answer these questions about Dan's new plans, out loud and in full sentences.
INSTRUCTION: Answer the questions about the dialog.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
SHOW_PROMPT
RUBRIC: Treat the model answer as the factual key; accept any phrasing or short form of the same fact.

PROMPT: If Dan retires, what does he need?
RESPONSE: He needs to have a career as a civilian.

PROMPT: What kind of training did Dan want before he changed his mind?
RESPONSE: He wanted medical training.

PROMPT: What kind of courses does he want to take now?
RESPONSE: He wants to take courses in electronics.

PROMPT: Why doesn't Dan want an overseas tour of duty now?
RESPONSE: Because he and Paula have made plans for his education and future.

PROMPT: Why is Paula's decision confusing to Dan?
RESPONSE: Because she wanted professional growth, but she turned down the job offer.

# Source: ST §Decisions: Sentences About Paula and Dan
$PRODUCE Tell the Story: Paula and Dan
ID: l2-s12
REFERENCE: l2-s10
INTRO: Now retell Dan and Paula's story one word at a time. For each word or phrase, say a sentence about them that uses it. The dialog is there if your memory needs a nudge.
INSTRUCTION: Say a sentence about Paula or Dan using the word or phrase.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
SHOW_PROMPT
RUBRIC: The model is one sample answer, not the only one; accept any grammatical sentence about Dan or Paula that uses the cue word or phrase and is plausible for their story.

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: career
RESPONSE: Dan's career has been in the military.

PROMPT: choices
RESPONSE: Dan has two choices about his future.

PROMPT: retire
RESPONSE: Dan can retire from the military in four years.

PROMPT: make up his mind
RESPONSE: Dan hasn't made up his mind yet.

PROMPT: profession
RESPONSE: Dan needs a new profession as a civilian.

PROMPT: offered
RESPONSE: Highland College offered Paula a job.

PROMPT: professional growth
RESPONSE: A job at the college would be good for Paula's professional growth.

PROMPT: think over
RESPONSE: Paula had to think over the job offer.

PROMPT: discuss
RESPONSE: Paula wanted to discuss the offer with Dan.

PROMPT: turn down
RESPONSE: Paula decided to turn down the job offer.

PROMPT: educate
RESPONSE: Paula wants to educate her children.

PROMPT: confused
RESPONSE: Dan was confused by Paula's decision.

PROMPT: instead of
RESPONSE: Instead of accepting the job, Paula refused it.

PROMPT: decision
RESPONSE: Paula made a decision about the job offer.

PROMPT: change his mind
RESPONSE: Dan changed his mind about getting medical training.

PROMPT: take courses
RESPONSE: Dan wants to take courses in electronics.

PROMPT: tour of duty
RESPONSE: Dan hopes he doesn't get an overseas tour of duty.

PROMPT: refusal
RESPONSE: Dan asked Paula if she was happy with her refusal.

PROMPT: confusing
RESPONSE: Paula said the situation was not really confusing.


$SESSION 2-3: Already, Still, Yet, and No Longer

# Source: LLA 2A grammar presentation (time adverbs)
$DIALOGUE Time Adverbs in Sentences
ID: 12-2a-time-adverbs
INTRO: In this part you'll learn the little words that say whether something is finished, continuing, or over for good — "already", "still", "yet", "anymore", "any longer", and "no longer". Listen and repeat each sentence.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat each sentence.
REPEAT

LINE: Lieutenant Adams already knows Captain Jones. He met him last night. {bk12-l2a-f3-adv01.mp3}

VOCAB: no longer
LINE: Mr. Flores no longer works here. He retired last month. {bk12-l2a-f3-adv02.mp3}

VOCAB: yet
LINE: Ms. Sampson hasn't typed that letter yet. She's been very busy. {bk12-l2a-f3-adv03.mp3}

VOCAB: anymore
LINE: I don't go to Lee High School anymore. I graduated last year. {bk12-l2a-f3-adv04.mp3}

VOCAB: any longer
LINE: Jim's not going to technical school any longer. He finished and got a job. {bk12-l2a-f3-adv05.mp3}

VOCAB: still
LINE: Beth is still living in Chicago. She's lived there for 6 years now. {bk12-l2a-f3-adv06.mp3}


# Source: ST §Adverbs: Already, Still, Yet, Anymore, Any Longer, No Longer
$GRAMMAR Already, Still, Yet, Anymore, No Longer
ID: l2-s13
INTRO: Six small words, one job each. Here's where they go and what they mean.

CARD: We use **already** to say something happened before now. Use it in questions and affirmative statements.
{Ed already has a high school diploma.}
{Mr. Smith is already here.}
{Are they already in elementary school?}

CARD: We use **still** to say a situation is continuing. It usually goes in the middle of the sentence with the verb.
{Ed still doesn't have a college degree.}
{It was warm yesterday, and it's still warm today.}
{Are you still waiting?}

CARD: We use **yet** for something that did not happen before now, but might in the future. It goes at the end of questions and negative statements.
{I'm very hungry. Is dinner ready yet?}
{Can you wait ten minutes? John isn't here yet.}

CARD: We use **anymore** and **any longer** in questions and negative statements to say a past situation does not exist. They go at the end of the sentence.
{Is he in high school anymore?}
{She isn't in the army any longer.}

CARD: We use **no longer** in affirmative statements to say a past situation does not exist. It goes in the middle of the sentence with the verb.
{He is no longer a student.}
{She no longer works at night.}

SUMMARY:
| ADVERB | POSITION | USED IN |
|---|---|---|
| already | middle | questions, affirmative |
| still | middle | questions, affirmative, negative |
| yet | end | questions, negative |
| anymore / any longer | end | questions, negative |
| no longer | middle | affirmative |


# Source: ST §Ed Already Has a Diploma
$DIALOGUE Ed Already Has a Diploma
ID: l2-s14
INTRO: Ed has finished high school — the homework is over, but the job hunt has just begun. Listen to his story and notice the time adverbs.
INSTRUCTION: Listen to the story.

Narrator: Ed graduated from high school in May. {st-page_055_001.jpg|A man wearing a graduation cap and gown holding a diploma and talking to an older man}
Narrator: He isn't a student any longer.
Narrator: He doesn't study anymore.
Narrator: He no longer has to do homework or take tests.

Narrator: Ed doesn't have a job yet. {st-page_055_002.jpg|A man sitting at a desk with a lamp, looking at classified ads in a newspaper}
Narrator: He began looking for a job in June, but he still hasn't found one that he wants.
Narrator: He's worried, because some of his friends already have jobs.


# Source: LLA 2A Figure 4
$SELECT Choose the Missing Time Adverb
ID: 12-2a-f4
INTRO: Time to put the adverbs to work. Choose the word that completes each sentence, then listen and repeat the full sentence.
INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct word to complete the sentence.
REPEAT

OPTION: a | still
OPTION: b | yet
OPTION: c | no longer
OPTION: d | already
OPTION: e | any longer
OPTION: f | anymore

TEMPLATE: Frank studied French for three years. He ____ knows how to speak that language.
ANSWER: d
FEEDBACK: Frank studied French for 3 years. He already knows how to speak that language. {bk12-l2a-f4-01.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Major Gunther moved last month. He ____ lives here.
ANSWER: c
FEEDBACK: Major Gunther moved last month. He no longer lives here. {bk12-l2a-f4-02.mp3}

TEMPLATE: It's 9:30, and I haven't eaten dinner ____.
ANSWER: b
FEEDBACK: It's 9:30, and I haven't eaten dinner yet. {bk12-l2a-f4-03.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Lt Emery has a tour of duty in Germany. He doesn't work at this base ____.
ANSWER: e|f
FEEDBACK: Lieutenant Emery has a tour of duty in Germany. He doesn't work at this base any longer. {bk12-l2a-f4-04.mp3}

TEMPLATE: My daughter got married three weeks ago. She doesn't live here ____.
ANSWER: e|f
FEEDBACK: My daughter got married 3 weeks ago. She doesn't live here any longer. {bk12-l2a-f4-05.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Ms. Smith hasn't come for her appointment yet. The doctor is ____ waiting.
ANSWER: a
FEEDBACK: Mrs. Smith hasn't come for her appointment yet. The doctor is still waiting. {bk12-l2a-f4-06.mp3}


# Source: ST §Are You Still in the Army?
$SELECT Are You Still in the Army?
ID: l2-s15
INTRO: Dan runs into Ted, an old friend who's out of uniform. Complete their conversation by choosing the right adverb for each line.
INSTRUCTION: Choose the correct word to complete each sentence.
OPTION: still | still
OPTION: already | already
OPTION: yet | yet
OPTION: anymore | anymore
OPTION: any_longer | any longer
OPTION: no_longer | no longer

TEMPLATE: Dan: Why are you in civilian clothes?\nTed: I'm ____ in the Army.
ANSWER: no_longer
FEEDBACK: Ted: I'm no longer in the Army.

TEMPLATE: Dan: Why did you decide to retire?\nTed: I didn't want to move from base to base ____.
ANSWER: anymore|any_longer
FEEDBACK: Ted: I didn't want to move from base to base anymore.

TEMPLATE: Dan: Are you going to start a second career?\nTed: Yes. I've ____ accepted an offer to teach math.
ANSWER: already
FEEDBACK: Ted: Yes. I've already accepted an offer to teach math.

TEMPLATE: Ted: How about you? Are you ____ flying for the Navy?
ANSWER: still
FEEDBACK: Ted: How about you? Are you still flying for the Navy?

TEMPLATE: Dan: No, I'm not flying ____. I have a desk job now.
ANSWER: anymore|any_longer
FEEDBACK: Dan: No, I'm not flying anymore. I have a desk job now.

TEMPLATE: Ted: Are you ready to retire ____?
ANSWER: yet
FEEDBACK: Ted: Are you ready to retire yet?

TEMPLATE: Dan: I'd like to, but I can't. I ____ have two kids in college.
ANSWER: still
FEEDBACK: Dan: I'd like to, but I can't. I still have two kids in college.


# Source: LLA 2A Figure 5
$PRODUCE Answer with Time Adverbs
ID: 12-2a-f5
INTRO: Listen to each question and use the cue on the screen to answer aloud with the right time adverb. Then repeat the model answer.
INSTRUCTION: Answer the question aloud using the cue.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
REPEAT

TEMPLATE: (yes)
PROMPT: Has Jennifer eaten lunch yet? {bk12-l2a-f5-01-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes. She has already eaten lunch. {bk12-l2a-f5-01-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: (no, no longer)
PROMPT: Does Fred live here anymore? {bk12-l2a-f5-02-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No. He no longer lives here. {bk12-l2a-f5-02-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: (yes, every month)
PROMPT: Does Marilyn write to you anymore? {bk12-l2a-f5-03-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes. She still writes every month. {bk12-l2a-f5-03-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: (yes, every Friday)
PROMPT: Do the Samsons eat here anymore? {bk12-l2a-f5-04-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes. They still eat here every Friday. {bk12-l2a-f5-04-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: (yes)
PROMPT: Have the Johnsons been to Chicago yet? {bk12-l2a-f5-05-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes. They've already been there. {bk12-l2a-f5-05-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: (no)
PROMPT: Does Lieutenant Richards work for you anymore? {bk12-l2a-f5-06-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No. He no longer works for me. {bk12-l2a-f5-06-a.mp3}


# Source: ST §Make Sentences: Adverbs of Time
$PRODUCE Write It with the Right Adverb
ID: l2-s16
INTRO: Read each short exchange, then write one sentence that sums it up using the adverb in parentheses.
INSTRUCTION: Write a sentence using the cue in parentheses.
INPUT: type
CHECK: exact

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: Rob: Don is a college student now.\nDan: He was a college student last year, too.\nDon: ____ (still)
RESPONSE: Don is still a college student.
ACCEPT: is still a college student | Don is still a college student.

TEMPLATE: Don: How is your car?\nBen: I've been working on it for two days.\nBen: ____ (still)
RESPONSE: Ben is still working on his car.
ACCEPT: is still working on his car | Ben is still working on his car | is still working on it | Ben is still working on it | He is still working on his car | He is still working on it

TEMPLATE: Lou: When will you be ready to leave?\nTim: In another hour or two.\nTim: ____ (yet)
RESPONSE: Tim isn't ready to leave yet.
ACCEPT: isn't ready to leave yet | Tim isn't ready to leave yet | is not ready to leave yet | Tim is not ready to leave yet | He isn't ready to leave yet | He is not ready to leave yet

TEMPLATE: Ted: Do you plan to get a master's degree?\nBob: I have one. I got it several years ago.\nBob: ____ (already)
RESPONSE: Bob already has a master's degree.
ACCEPT: already has a master's degree | Bob already has a master's degree | already has one | Bob already has one | He already has a master's degree | He already has one

TEMPLATE: Jim: Does Carl live in the barracks?\nJoe: He did until last week.\nCarl: ____ (anymore)
RESPONSE: Carl doesn't live in the barracks anymore.
ACCEPT: doesn't live in the barracks anymore | Carl doesn't live in the barracks anymore | does not live in the barracks anymore | Carl does not live in the barracks anymore | He doesn't live in the barracks anymore | He does not live in the barracks anymore

TEMPLATE: Sam: Are you driving a bus now?\nTom: No. I started driving a taxi last year.\nTom: ____ (any longer)
RESPONSE: Tom isn't driving a bus any longer.
ACCEPT: isn't driving a bus any longer | Tom isn't driving a bus any longer | is not driving a bus any longer | Tom is not driving a bus any longer | doesn't drive a bus any longer | Tom doesn't drive a bus any longer | does not drive a bus any longer | Tom does not drive a bus any longer | He isn't driving a bus any longer | He is not driving a bus any longer

TEMPLATE: Sam: Are you driving a bus now?\nTom: No. I started driving a taxi last year.\nTom: ____ (no longer)
RESPONSE: Tom is no longer driving a bus.
ACCEPT: is no longer driving a bus | Tom is no longer driving a bus | no longer drives a bus | Tom no longer drives a bus | He is no longer driving a bus | He no longer drives a bus

TEMPLATE: Tom: John wants to be a pilot.\nBob: His brother is a pilot now.\nJohn: ____ (yet)
RESPONSE: John isn't a pilot yet.
ACCEPT: isn't a pilot yet | John isn't a pilot yet | is not a pilot yet | John is not a pilot yet | He isn't a pilot yet | He is not a pilot yet

TEMPLATE: Tom: John wants to be a pilot.\nBob: His brother is a pilot now.\nJohn's brother: ____ (already)
RESPONSE: John's brother is already a pilot.
ACCEPT: is already a pilot | John's brother is already a pilot | He is already a pilot

TEMPLATE: Ray: Does Kim teach French?\nDon: She did last year, but she doesn't now.\nKim: ____ (no longer)
RESPONSE: Kim no longer teaches French.
ACCEPT: no longer teaches French | Kim no longer teaches French | is no longer teaching French | Kim is no longer teaching French | She no longer teaches French | She is no longer teaching French

TEMPLATE: Ray: Does Kim teach French?\nDon: She did last year, but she doesn't now.\nKim: ____ (any longer)
RESPONSE: Kim doesn't teach French any longer.
ACCEPT: doesn't teach French any longer | Kim doesn't teach French any longer | does not teach French any longer | Kim does not teach French any longer | isn't teaching French any longer | Kim isn't teaching French any longer | is not teaching French any longer | Kim is not teaching French any longer | She doesn't teach French any longer | She is not teaching French any longer


# Source: ST §Barbara Is Still a Secretary
$DIALOGUE Barbara Is Still a Secretary
ID: l2-s17
INTRO: One more career in motion: Barbara is a secretary today, but not for much longer. Listen to her plans.
INSTRUCTION: Listen to the story.

Narrator: Barbara is a secretary now, but she will be a college student in September.
Narrator: She no longer likes her job or wants to work for a big company.
Narrator: She has an associate degree. Now she wants a bachelor's degree.
Narrator: She's thinking about a master's degree too.
Narrator: Barbara will have to work while she's in college, but she won't work all day.
Narrator: She has another job. She'll work part time in the school library.

# Source: ST §Questions: Barbara Is Still a Secretary
$PRODUCE Ask and Answer About Barbara
ID: l2-s18
REFERENCE: l2-s17
INTRO: Now you ask the questions. For each cue word, ask a question about Barbara and answer it yourself, out loud.
INSTRUCTION: Ask and answer a question about Barbara using the cue word.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
SHOW_PROMPT
RUBRIC: Treat the model as one sample; accept any well-formed question using the cue word about Barbara, with an answer consistent with the model's facts.

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: still
RESPONSE: Is Barbara still a secretary?\n— Yes, she is.

PROMPT: no longer
RESPONSE: Does Barbara still like her job?\n— No, she no longer likes her job.

PROMPT: already
RESPONSE: Does Barbara already have a degree?\n— Yes, she already has an associate degree.

PROMPT: yet
RESPONSE: Does Barbara have a bachelor's degree yet?\n— No, she doesn't have one yet.


$SESSION 2-4: Have You Ever? — The Present Perfect

# Source: LLA 2C Figure 1
$DIALOGUE The Present Perfect with Time Adverbs
ID: 12-2c-f1
INTRO: In this part you'll practice "have" and "has" with the time adverbs you just learned. Listen to the sentences and repeat each one.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
REPEAT

LINE: Cheryl hasn't eaten lunch yet. {bk12-l2c-f1-01.mp3}
LINE: Has Ed ever been to Los Angeles? {bk12-l2c-f1-02.mp3}
LINE: Lieutenant Martin has gone to Germany. {bk12-l2c-f1-03.mp3}
LINE: I haven't seen the new secretary yet. {bk12-l2c-f1-04.mp3}
LINE: Mr. Rogers hasn't answered all the questions. {bk12-l2c-f1-05.mp3}
LINE: Mr. Smith has already borrowed too much money. {bk12-l2c-f1-06.mp3}
LINE: Has Jerome cleaned his room yet? {bk12-l2c-f1-07.mp3}
LINE: Robert still hasn't fixed this door. {bk12-l2c-f1-08.mp3}


# Source: new (gap: present perfect is drilled in LLA 2C and ST but never restated in this lesson)
$GRAMMAR Talking About Before Now
ID: 12-2c-f1-g
INTRO: A quick word on the pattern you just heard, before we drill it.

CARD: Use **have** or **has** plus the past participle for something that happened before now, when the exact time doesn't matter.
{Lieutenant Martin has gone to Germany.}
{Mr. Smith has already borrowed too much money.}

CARD: Use **yet** to ask about it — or to say it hasn't happened so far.
{Has Jerome cleaned his room yet?}
{Cheryl hasn't eaten lunch yet.}

CARD: Use **ever** to ask about any time up to now.
{Has Ed ever been to Los Angeles?}


# Source: ST §Present Perfect: Indefinite Past
$DIALOGUE Short Dialogs: Have You Ever?
ID: l2-s20
INTRO: Five little conversations, all in the present perfect. Listen and repeat each line.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat the dialogs.
REPEAT

Doug: Have you ever been to France?
Dave: No, I never have. Have you?

Rick: Don't hang up! I haven't talked to Tom yet.
Jack: Too late. He's already hung up.

Mike: Has Tony chosen a university yet?
Cory: No, he hasn't decided anything about his future.

Carl: How much money have you spent today?
Nick: Not much. I've only bought a magazine.

Greg: Have you lent Aldo any money today?
Fred: Yes, I have. He's already borrowed $5.00 from me.


# Source: LLA 2C Figure 2
$PRODUCE Already or Not Yet?
ID: 12-2c-f2
INTRO: Every question gets two answers here: first say yes with "already", then say no with "yet". Repeat the model after each one.
INSTRUCTION: Answer aloud using the cue, then repeat.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
REPEAT

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: yes, already
PROMPT: Have you finished your homework yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-ex-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, I've already finished it. {bk12-l2c-f2-ex-a1.mp3}

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: no, yet
PROMPT: Have you finished your homework yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-ex-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, I haven't finished it yet. {bk12-l2c-f2-ex-a2.mp3}

TEMPLATE: yes, already
PROMPT: Has Janet graduated from college yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-01-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, she has already graduated. {bk12-l2c-f2-01-a1.mp3}

TEMPLATE: no, yet
PROMPT: Has Janet graduated from college yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-01-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, she hasn't graduated yet. {bk12-l2c-f2-01-a2.mp3}

TEMPLATE: yes, already
PROMPT: Have you seen Mike's daughter yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-02-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, I've already seen her. {bk12-l2c-f2-02-a1.mp3}

TEMPLATE: no, yet
PROMPT: Have you seen Mike's daughter yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-02-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, I haven't seen her yet. {bk12-l2c-f2-02-a2.mp3}

TEMPLATE: yes, already
PROMPT: Has your son learned Spanish yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-03-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, he's already learned Spanish. {bk12-l2c-f2-03-a1.mp3}

TEMPLATE: no, yet
PROMPT: Has your son learned Spanish yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-03-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, he hasn't learned Spanish yet. {bk12-l2c-f2-03-a2.mp3}

TEMPLATE: yes, already
PROMPT: Have the Johnsons realized that they are rich yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-04-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, they have already realized it. {bk12-l2c-f2-04-a1.mp3}

TEMPLATE: no, yet
PROMPT: Have the Johnsons realized that they are rich yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-04-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, they haven't realized it yet. {bk12-l2c-f2-04-a2.mp3}

TEMPLATE: yes, already
PROMPT: Has Henry picked up the laundry yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-05-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, he's already picked it up. {bk12-l2c-f2-05-a1.mp3}

TEMPLATE: no, yet
PROMPT: Has Henry picked up the laundry yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-05-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, he hasn't picked it up yet. {bk12-l2c-f2-05-a2.mp3}


# Source: ST §Marsha Has Forgiven John
$PRODUCE Marsha Has Forgiven John
ID: l2-s21
INTRO: Read each exchange and type the present perfect form of the underlined verb in the gaps.
INSTRUCTION: Complete each sentence using the present perfect form of the underlined verb.
INPUT: type
CHECK: exact

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: Ned: Arthur *called* me yesterday.\nJay: He still ____{has} not ____{called} me.
RESPONSE: He still has not called me.

TEMPLATE: Don: Several people *came* early.\nBob: Louis ____{has} not ____{come} yet.
RESPONSE: Louis has not come yet.

TEMPLATE: Kim: Roger *got* three letters today.\nKen: He ____{has gotten|has got} almost a dozen letters this week.
RESPONSE: He has gotten almost a dozen letters this week.

TEMPLATE: Doug: Albert *took* his medicine this morning.\nJohn: He ____{has taken} it regularly.
RESPONSE: He has taken it regularly.

TEMPLATE: Jan: The students *read* the first story quickly.\nTim: Some of them ____{have} already ____{read} the book.
RESPONSE: Some of them have already read the book.

TEMPLATE: Sam: John apologized, so Marsha should *forgive* him.\nLou: She ____{has} already ____{forgiven} him for his mistake.
RESPONSE: She has already forgiven him for his mistake.

TEMPLATE: Bob: Thelma didn't *mean* to hurt Amy's feelings.\nPat: She ____{has} never ____{meant} to hurt anyone's feelings.
RESPONSE: She has never meant to hurt anyone's feelings.


# Source: ST §Tony Has Made a List
$PRODUCE Tony's Trip List
ID: l2-s22
INTRO: Tony is getting ready for a trip to Miami, and he made a to-do list. Checked items are done; unchecked ones aren't. Write what he has already done — and what he hasn't done yet.
INSTRUCTION: Write a sentence: has Tony already done it, or not yet?
INPUT: type
CHECK: exact

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: buy film (not checked)
RESPONSE: Tony hasn't bought film yet.
ACCEPT: Tony hasn't bought film yet | Tony has not bought film yet | He hasn't bought film yet | He has not bought film yet

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: borrow camera (checked)
RESPONSE: He has already borrowed a camera.
ACCEPT: He has already borrowed a camera | Tony has already borrowed a camera

TEMPLATE: get traveler's checks (not checked)
RESPONSE: Tony hasn't gotten traveler's checks yet.
ACCEPT: Tony hasn't gotten traveler's checks yet | Tony has not gotten traveler's checks yet | He hasn't gotten traveler's checks yet | He has not gotten traveler's checks yet | Tony hasn't got traveler's checks yet | He hasn't got traveler's checks yet

TEMPLATE: find map of Miami (not checked)
RESPONSE: Tony hasn't found a map of Miami yet.
ACCEPT: Tony hasn't found a map of Miami yet | Tony has not found a map of Miami yet | He hasn't found a map of Miami yet | He has not found a map of Miami yet | Tony hasn't found the map of Miami yet | He hasn't found the map of Miami yet

TEMPLATE: call travel agent (checked)
RESPONSE: He has already called the travel agent.
ACCEPT: He has already called the travel agent | Tony has already called the travel agent | He has already called a travel agent | Tony has already called a travel agent

TEMPLATE: pick up airline tickets (not checked)
RESPONSE: Tony hasn't picked up the airline tickets yet.
ACCEPT: Tony hasn't picked up the airline tickets yet | Tony has not picked up the airline tickets yet | He hasn't picked up the airline tickets yet | He has not picked up the airline tickets yet | Tony hasn't picked up his airline tickets yet | He hasn't picked up his airline tickets yet

TEMPLATE: make hotel reservation (checked)
RESPONSE: He has already made a hotel reservation.
ACCEPT: He has already made a hotel reservation | Tony has already made a hotel reservation | He has already made the hotel reservation | Tony has already made the hotel reservation

TEMPLATE: send shirts to laundry (not checked)
RESPONSE: Tony hasn't sent his shirts to the laundry yet.
ACCEPT: Tony hasn't sent his shirts to the laundry yet | Tony has not sent his shirts to the laundry yet | He hasn't sent his shirts to the laundry yet | He has not sent his shirts to the laundry yet | Tony hasn't sent shirts to the laundry yet | He hasn't sent shirts to the laundry yet | Tony hasn't sent the shirts to the laundry yet | Tony has not sent the shirts to the laundry yet | He hasn't sent the shirts to the laundry yet | He has not sent the shirts to the laundry yet

TEMPLATE: mail hotel room deposit (checked)
RESPONSE: He has already mailed the hotel room deposit.
ACCEPT: He has already mailed the hotel room deposit | Tony has already mailed the hotel room deposit | He has already mailed a hotel room deposit | Tony has already mailed a hotel room deposit

TEMPLATE: pack suitcase (not checked)
RESPONSE: Tony hasn't packed his suitcase yet.
ACCEPT: Tony hasn't packed his suitcase yet | Tony has not packed his suitcase yet | He hasn't packed his suitcase yet | He has not packed his suitcase yet | Tony hasn't packed a suitcase yet | He hasn't packed a suitcase yet


# Source: ST §Have You Ever?
$PRODUCE Have You Ever?
ID: l2-s23
INTRO: Now about you. For each cue, ask a "Have you ever" question out loud — and answer it honestly. We won't check.
INSTRUCTION: Ask and answer a question with "Have you ever...?"
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
SHOW_PROMPT
RUBRIC: Accept any appropriate question formed with "Have you ever" plus a past participle, and a matching short or full answer; yes or no is the learner's choice.

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: play/baseball
RESPONSE: Have you ever played baseball?\n— Yes, I have. / No, I haven't.

PROMPT: go/beach
RESPONSE: Have you ever gone to the beach?\n— Yes, I have.

PROMPT: play/soccer
RESPONSE: Have you ever played soccer?\n— No, I haven't.

PROMPT: meet/general
RESPONSE: Have you ever met a general?\n— Yes, I have.

PROMPT: fly/airplane
RESPONSE: Have you ever flown in an airplane?\n— Yes, I have.

PROMPT: visit/New York City
RESPONSE: Have you ever visited New York City?\n— No, I haven't.

PROMPT: have/automobile accident
RESPONSE: Have you ever had an automobile accident?\n— No, I haven't.

PROMPT: forget/something important
RESPONSE: Have you ever forgotten something important?\n— Yes, I have.


# Source: ST §How Many Times Have You...?
$PRODUCE How Many Have You...?
ID: l2-s24
INTRO: Same idea, with numbers: ask "How many..." questions about today or this week, and answer for yourself.
INSTRUCTION: Ask and answer a question with "How many... have you...?"
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
SHOW_PROMPT
RUBRIC: Accept any well-formed question using "How many... have you" plus a past participle, and any appropriate answer; the number is the learner's choice.

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: letters/get
RESPONSE: How many letters have you gotten this week?\n— I've gotten only one letter this week.

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: letters/write
RESPONSE: How many letters have you written today?\n— I haven't written any letters today.

PROMPT: meals/eat
RESPONSE: How many meals have you eaten today?\n— I've eaten two meals today.

PROMPT: miles/walk
RESPONSE: How many miles have you walked this week?\n— I've walked ten miles this week.

PROMPT: sodas/drink
RESPONSE: How many sodas have you drunk today?\n— I haven't drunk any sodas today.

PROMPT: tests/take
RESPONSE: How many tests have you taken this week?\n— I've taken three tests this week.

PROMPT: cigarettes/smoke
RESPONSE: How many cigarettes have you smoked today?\n— I haven't smoked any cigarettes today.

PROMPT: telephone calls/make
RESPONSE: How many telephone calls have you made today?\n— I've made four telephone calls today.

PROMPT: cups of coffee/drink
RESPONSE: How many cups of coffee have you drunk today?\n— I've drunk two cups of coffee today.

PROMPT: pages of homework/do
RESPONSE: How many pages of homework have you done this week?\n— I've done five pages of homework this week.

# SKIPPED (book): Writing Skill "READ AND LISTEN. UNDERLINE AND NUMBER." (p. 55) — instructor-read questions for passage annotation with no printed stimuli.


$SESSION 2-5: So and Or

# Source: LLA 2B pre-figure sentence practice
$DIALOGUE Sentences with So and Or
ID: 12-2b-so-or
INTRO: In this part you'll learn to join two sentences with "so" and "or" — one gives a result, the other gives a choice. Listen and repeat each sentence.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
REPEAT

LINE: The movie was boring. So we went home. {bk12-l2b-f2-01.mp3}

LINE: We can go to dinner. Or we can go to the movies. {bk12-l2b-f2-02.mp3}

LINE: Fred was sick. So he didn't go to Al's party. {bk12-l2b-f2-03.mp3}

LINE: You can give it to me. Or you can give it to my secretary. {bk12-l2b-f2-04.mp3}

LINE: It was snowing. So we stayed at home. {bk12-l2b-f2-05.mp3}

LINE: I can fly. Or I can take the train. {bk12-l2b-f2-06.mp3}

LINE: Jim had a fever and a bad cough. So he went to the doctor. {bk12-l2b-f2-07.mp3}

LINE: You can have chicken soup. Or you can have a chicken sandwich. {bk12-l2b-f2-08.mp3}


# Source: ST §Dialogs: So and Or
$DIALOGUE Dialogs with So and Or
ID: l2-s25
INTRO: Three quick scenes — a doctor's office, a restaurant, and one very wet dog. Listen for "so" and "or", and repeat each line.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat the dialogs.
REPEAT

VOCAB: or
Clerk: Can you wait until Monday, or do you need an appointment today? {st-page_064_001.jpg|A phone conversation between a receptionist and Maria}
VOCAB: so
Maria: I really feel awful, so I need an appointment right away.

Steven: I don't have any cash, so I'll have to write a check. {st-page_064_002.jpg|A man at a restaurant talking to a waiter}
Waiter: You can write a check, or you can charge your meal if you want to.

Tommy: Does Rex have to stay outside, or can he come in the house? {st-page_064_003.jpg|A boy talking to his mother while holding a wet dog outside}
Mother: He's wet and dirty, so please keep him outside.


# Source: ST §Coordinate Conjunction: So
$GRAMMAR The Conjunction "So"
ID: l2-s26
INTRO: First conjunction: "so". It connects a situation to its result.

CARD: We use **so** to express the result of a situation.
{I don't have any cash, so I'll write a check.}

SUMMARY:
| SITUATION | RESULT |
|---|---|
| Because I don't have any cash, | I'll write a check. |
| I don't have any cash, | **so** I'll write a check. |


# Source: ST §Expressing Result with "So"
$PRODUCE Show the Result with "So"
ID: l2-s27
INTRO: Rewrite each "because" sentence using "so" — situation first, result second. Type the whole new sentence.
INSTRUCTION: Change the sentence. Use "so" to show the result.
INPUT: type
CHECK: exact

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: Because it was raining, we took a taxi.
RESPONSE: It was raining, so we took a taxi.

TEMPLATE: Because we didn't have classes on Friday, we went to the beach.
RESPONSE: We didn't have classes on Friday, so we went to the beach.

TEMPLATE: Because we wanted to spend all day there, we decided to leave early.
RESPONSE: We wanted to spend all day there, so we decided to leave early.

TEMPLATE: Because Tom and Doug had to work, they couldn't go.
RESPONSE: Tom and Doug had to work, so they couldn't go.

TEMPLATE: Because Dave's car was out of gas, we went in Jack's car.
RESPONSE: Dave's car was out of gas, so we went in Jack's car.

TEMPLATE: Because Jack was tired, Mike drove.
RESPONSE: Jack was tired, so Mike drove.

TEMPLATE: Because we were hungry, we stopped and ate lunch on the way.
RESPONSE: We were hungry, so we stopped and ate lunch on the way.

TEMPLATE: Because the water was cold, we didn't swim much.
RESPONSE: The water was cold, so we didn't swim much.

TEMPLATE: Because I forgot to take a towel, Jack lent me one of his.
RESPONSE: I forgot to take a towel, so Jack lent me one of his.


# Source: ST §Coordinate Conjunction: Or
$GRAMMAR The Conjunction "Or"
ID: l2-s28
INTRO: Second conjunction: "or". It joins two choices into one sentence.

CARD: We use **or** to express a choice.
{We can charge the gas, or we can pay cash for it.}

SUMMARY:
| CHOICE 1 | | CHOICE 2 |
|---|---|---|
| We can charge the gas. | | We can pay cash for it. |
| We can charge the gas, | **or** | we can pay cash for it. |


# Source: ST §Expressing Choice with "Or"
$PRODUCE Show the Choice with "Or"
ID: l2-s29
INTRO: Combine each pair of sentences into one, with "or" in the middle. Type the whole sentence.
INSTRUCTION: Combine the two sentences. Use "or" to express a choice.
INPUT: type
CHECK: exact

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: We can go now.\nWe can leave later.
RESPONSE: We can go now, or we can leave later.

TEMPLATE: We can listen to a tape.\nI can turn on the radio.
RESPONSE: We can listen to a tape, or I can turn on the radio.

TEMPLATE: We can live in the barracks.\nWe can rent an apartment.
RESPONSE: We can live in the barracks, or we can rent an apartment.

TEMPLATE: You may take the test Friday.\nYou may wait until Monday.
RESPONSE: You may take the test Friday, or you may wait until Monday.

TEMPLATE: Can you answer the telephone?\nDo you want me to do it?
RESPONSE: Can you answer the telephone, or do you want me to do it?

TEMPLATE: Do you have to leave today?\nCan you wait until tomorrow?
RESPONSE: Do you have to leave today, or can you wait until tomorrow?

TEMPLATE: Could you lend me two dollars?\nShould I ask someone else?
RESPONSE: Could you lend me two dollars, or should I ask someone else?

TEMPLATE: The children can stay with Aunt Kate.\nThey can come with us.
RESPONSE: The children can stay with Aunt Kate, or they can come with us.

TEMPLATE: Does Jan still want to study math in college?\nHas she changed her mind?
RESPONSE: Does Jan still want to study math in college, or has she changed her mind?


# Source: ST §Dialog Practice with "Or"
$PRODUCE Say It with "Or"
ID: l2-s30
INTRO: Read each mini-dialog and speak the missing line, joining the two choices in parentheses with "or".
INSTRUCTION: Ask or answer the question using "or" and the words in parentheses.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
SHOW_PROMPT
RUBRIC: Accept any grammatically correct question or answer that combines the two given choices with "or".

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: Sam: What will you do this evening?\nPat: (read a book/watch TV)
RESPONSE: I'll read a book, or I'll watch TV.

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: Pat: (go to a movie/go shopping)\nSam: I went shopping.
RESPONSE: Did you go to a movie, or did you go shopping?

PROMPT: Ted: How will you get to your next base?\nTod: (fly/drive with a friend)
RESPONSE: I'll fly, or I'll drive with a friend.

PROMPT: John: (accept university's offer/refuse it)\nMike: I'll accept it.
RESPONSE: Will you accept the university's offer, or will you refuse it?

PROMPT: Lucy: What will Donna do when she finishes high school?\nMary: (go to college/get a job)
RESPONSE: She'll go to college, or she'll get a job.

PROMPT: Al: (have car trouble/sleep late)\nEd: I had car trouble.
RESPONSE: Did you have car trouble, or did you sleep late?

PROMPT: Dan: Where can the students get that book?\nJan: (borrow from the library/buy at a store)
RESPONSE: They can borrow it from the library, or they can buy it at a store.

PROMPT: Carl: How can I apologize to Mr. Williams?\nMark: (call/write a letter)
RESPONSE: You can call, or you can write a letter.

PROMPT: Harry: (want to get married/plan to stay single)\nLarry: I plan to stay single for a few years.
RESPONSE: Do you want to get married, or do you plan to stay single?

PROMPT: Kim: If Al doesn't have any cash, how can he pay for his meal?\nLou: (charge it/write a check)
RESPONSE: He can charge it, or he can write a check.

PROMPT: Wendy: What should I do with this flat tire?\nCindy: (repair it/replace it)
RESPONSE: You should repair it, or you should replace it.

PROMPT: Ken: (should write with a pen/can use pencil)\nBen: You should write with a pen.
RESPONSE: Should I write with a pen, or can I use a pencil?


# Source: LLA 2B Figure 3
$SELECT Finish the Sentence: So or Or
ID: 12-2b-f3
INTRO: You'll hear the start of a sentence. Tap the phrase that best finishes it, then repeat the whole sentence.
INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct completer.
REPEAT

OPTION: a | so we didn't go to the lake.
OPTION: b | or he can retire.
OPTION: c | so his mother picked him up.
OPTION: d | or do you need to think it over?
OPTION: e | or he can take the bus.
OPTION: f | so she'll have to take a lot of medical courses.
OPTION: g | or she can stay in a motel.
OPTION: h | so he'll take courses in the field of education.

PROMPT: The baby was crying. {bk12-l2b-f3-01.mp3}
ANSWER: c
FEEDBACK: The baby was crying, so his mother picked him up. {bk12-l2b-f3-01-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Fred can ride with me. {bk12-l2b-f3-02.mp3}
ANSWER: e
FEEDBACK: Fred can ride with me, or he can take the bus. {bk12-l2b-f3-02-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Sergeant Richards can work 3 more years. {bk12-l2b-f3-03.mp3}
ANSWER: b
FEEDBACK: Sergeant Richards can work 3 more years, or he can retire. {bk12-l2b-f3-03-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Joanne wants to be a doctor. {bk12-l2b-f3-04.mp3}
ANSWER: f
FEEDBACK: Joanne wants to be a doctor, so she'll have to take a lot of medical courses. {bk12-l2b-f3-04-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Can you accept my offer? {bk12-l2b-f3-05.mp3}
ANSWER: d
FEEDBACK: Can you accept my offer, or do you need to think it over? {bk12-l2b-f3-05-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Bob chose teaching as a career. {bk12-l2b-f3-06.mp3}
ANSWER: h
FEEDBACK: Bob chose teaching as a career, so he'll take courses in the field of education. {bk12-l2b-f3-06-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: It was raining very hard. {bk12-l2b-f3-07.mp3}
ANSWER: a
FEEDBACK: It was raining very hard, so we didn't go to the lake. {bk12-l2b-f3-07-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Julie can stay with her sister. {bk12-l2b-f3-08.mp3}
ANSWER: g
FEEDBACK: Julie can stay with her sister, or she can stay in a motel. {bk12-l2b-f3-08-fb.mp3}


# Source: LLA 2C Figure 3
$SELECT Combine with "Or" or "So"
ID: 12-2c-f3
INTRO: Listen to the two sentences, decide whether "or" or "so" joins them, then repeat the combined sentence.
INSTRUCTION: Choose "or" or "so".
REPEAT

OPTION: or | or
OPTION: so | so

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: Larry can drive all night. He can stay in a hotel. {bk12-l2c-f3-ex.mp3}
ANSWER: or
FEEDBACK: Larry can drive all night, or he can stay in a hotel. {bk12-l2c-f3-ex-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Jim woke up late. He arrived at work late. {bk12-l2c-f3-01.mp3}
ANSWER: so
FEEDBACK: Jim woke up late, so he arrived at work late. {bk12-l2c-f3-01-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Peter will not be here on Friday. He can't go to Tom's party. {bk12-l2c-f3-02.mp3}
ANSWER: so
FEEDBACK: Peter will not be here on Friday, so he can't go to Tom's party. {bk12-l2c-f3-02-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Alan can eat with us. He can eat with the Moors. {bk12-l2c-f3-03.mp3}
ANSWER: or
FEEDBACK: Alan can eat with us, or he can eat with the Moors. {bk12-l2c-f3-03-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Charlie borrowed $400. He can buy a plane ticket for his vacation. {bk12-l2c-f3-04.mp3}
ANSWER: so
FEEDBACK: Charlie borrowed $400, so he can buy a plane ticket for his vacation. {bk12-l2c-f3-04-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Captain Richards made a 95 on his quiz. He was very happy. {bk12-l2c-f3-05.mp3}
ANSWER: so
FEEDBACK: Captain Richards made a 95 on his quiz, so he was very happy. {bk12-l2c-f3-05-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Frank can work late tonight. He can come to work early tomorrow. {bk12-l2c-f3-06.mp3}
ANSWER: or
FEEDBACK: Frank can work late tonight, or he can come to work early tomorrow. {bk12-l2c-f3-06-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: George can help his dad with the yard. He can stay home Saturday night. {bk12-l2c-f3-07.mp3}
ANSWER: or
FEEDBACK: George can help his dad with the yard, or he can stay home Saturday night. {bk12-l2c-f3-07-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: You can use the stairs. You can use the escalator. {bk12-l2c-f3-08.mp3}
ANSWER: or
FEEDBACK: You can use the stairs, or you can use the escalator. {bk12-l2c-f3-08-fb.mp3}


# Source: ST §Combine Sentences: "So" or "Or"
$PRODUCE Write It: "So" or "Or"
ID: l2-s31
INTRO: Now you decide in writing. Combine the two sentences with "so" or "or" and type the whole new sentence.
INSTRUCTION: Combine the two sentences using "so" or "or".
INPUT: type
CHECK: exact

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: We didn't like the movie.\nWe left early.
RESPONSE: We didn't like the movie, so we left early.

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: The children can watch TV.\nThey can go to a movie.
RESPONSE: The children can watch TV, or they can go to a movie.

TEMPLATE: We can go out tonight.\nWe can stay home.
RESPONSE: We can go out tonight, or we can stay home.

TEMPLATE: Albert didn't feel well.\nHe didn't come to work today.
RESPONSE: Albert didn't feel well, so he didn't come to work today.

TEMPLATE: The other driver can slow down.\nHe can speed up.
RESPONSE: The other driver can slow down, or he can speed up.

TEMPLATE: Alan wants to be an airplane mechanic.\nHe's going to a technical school.
RESPONSE: Alan wants to be an airplane mechanic, so he's going to a technical school.

TEMPLATE: Alice doesn't want to live in Houston.\nShe's turning down the job offer.
RESPONSE: Alice doesn't want to live in Houston, so she's turning down the job offer.

TEMPLATE: The students can rent a car.\nThey can borrow one.
RESPONSE: The students can rent a car, or they can borrow one.

TEMPLATE: The store manager can refund your money.\nHe can credit your account.
RESPONSE: The store manager can refund your money, or he can credit your account.

TEMPLATE: Alicia's only in the fifth grade.\nShe isn't worried about her future yet.
RESPONSE: Alicia's only in the fifth grade, so she isn't worried about her future yet.

TEMPLATE: Adam has decided to retire.\nThis is his last tour of duty.
RESPONSE: Adam has decided to retire, so this is his last tour of duty.

TEMPLATE: You can return the dress to the store.\nYou can exchange it for another one.
RESPONSE: You can return the dress to the store, or you can exchange it for another one.


# Source: ST §Writing Skill: Sentence Combining
$PRODUCE Sentence Combining: And, But, So, Or
ID: l2-s32
INTRO: Last round of combining — this time the conjunction is given in parentheses. Type the whole combined sentence.
INSTRUCTION: Combine the two sentences using the conjunction in parentheses.
INPUT: type
CHECK: exact

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: Susan retired at age 62.\nHer husband kept working. (but)
RESPONSE: Susan retired at age 62, but her husband kept working.

TEMPLATE: Tom refused to go to the party.\nHis wife did, too. (and)
RESPONSE: Tom refused to go to the party, and his wife did, too.
ACCEPT: Tom refused to go to the party, and his wife did, too. | Tom refused to go to the party, and his wife did too.

TEMPLATE: He didn't get the job.\nHe cannot pay the rent. (so)
RESPONSE: He didn't get the job, so he cannot pay the rent.

TEMPLATE: It's raining today.\nI will take my umbrella. (so)
RESPONSE: It's raining today, so I will take my umbrella.

TEMPLATE: Will you go to college?\nWill you get a job? (or)
RESPONSE: Will you go to college, or will you get a job?

TEMPLATE: Alex went to college.\nMary didn't. (but)
RESPONSE: Alex went to college, but Mary didn't.

TEMPLATE: Tom wanted to be a doctor.\nHe didn't want to go to college. (but)
RESPONSE: Tom wanted to be a doctor, but he didn't want to go to college.

TEMPLATE: Tom learned English at the university.\nHis future looks good. (and)
RESPONSE: Tom learned English at the university, and his future looks good.

TEMPLATE: Did Alex select a career in mechanics?\nDid he select a career in the military? (or)
RESPONSE: Did Alex select a career in mechanics, or did he select a career in the military?


$SESSION 2-6: Future Plans and Decisions

# Source: LLA 2D pre-figure vocabulary
$DIALOGUE New Words: Careers and Higher Education
ID: 12-2d-vocab
INTRO: In this part you'll put everything together and talk about careers and plans. First, a few more words — listen and repeat each sentence.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat each word and sentence.
REPEAT

VOCAB: career
LINE: Larry wants a career in the military. He wants to work in the military for 20 years. {bk12-l2d-f1-01.mp3}

VOCAB: choice
LINE: Tom has a choice. He can be a lawyer, or he can be a teacher. {bk12-l2d-f1-02.mp3}

VOCAB: course
LINE: Janet is going to take 5 courses next year. She will have 5 classes. {bk12-l2d-f1-03.mp3}

VOCAB: professional
LINE: Pele was a professional soccer player. He played for money. {bk12-l2d-f1-04.mp3}

VOCAB: medical
LINE: My brother is going to medical school. He's going to be a doctor. {bk12-l2d-f1-05.mp3}

VOCAB: degree
LINE: Harold graduated from the university last month. He got his degree in history. {bk12-l2d-f1-06.mp3}

VOCAB: high school
LINE: John will be 18 years old when he finishes his last year of high school. {bk12-l2d-f1-07.mp3}

VOCAB: technical
LINE: Roger finished technical school. He learned how to fix cars. {bk12-l2d-f1-08.mp3}

VOCAB: to talk over
LINE: Her husband wants to buy a new car. They're going to talk it over tonight. {bk12-l2d-f1-09.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2D pre-figure Q&A
$PRODUCE Questions About the New Words
ID: 12-2d-vocab-qa
REFERENCE: 12-2d-vocab
INTRO: Now the tape checks your memory. Answer each question about the sentences you just heard, then repeat the model answer.
INSTRUCTION: Answer the question aloud.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
REPEAT

PROMPT: What does Larry want? {bk12-l2d-f1-qa1-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: He wants a career in the military. {bk12-l2d-f1-qa1-a.mp3}

PROMPT: What does Tom have? {bk12-l2d-f1-qa2-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: He has a choice. {bk12-l2d-f1-qa2-a.mp3}

PROMPT: What is Janet going to take next year? {bk12-l2d-f1-qa3-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: She's going to take 5 courses. {bk12-l2d-f1-qa3-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Who was Pele? {bk12-l2d-f1-qa4-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: He was a professional soccer player. {bk12-l2d-f1-qa4-a.mp3}

PROMPT: What is your brother doing? {bk12-l2d-f1-qa5-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: He's going to medical school. {bk12-l2d-f1-qa5-a.mp3}

PROMPT: What did Harold get his degree in? {bk12-l2d-f1-qa6-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: He got his degree in history. {bk12-l2d-f1-qa6-a.mp3}

PROMPT: How old will John be when he finishes high school? {bk12-l2d-f1-qa7-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: He'll be 18 when he finishes high school. {bk12-l2d-f1-qa7-a.mp3}

PROMPT: What did Roger learn in technical school? {bk12-l2d-f1-qa8-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: He learned how to fix cars. {bk12-l2d-f1-qa8-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Is her husband going to buy a new car? {bk12-l2d-f1-qa9-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: I don't know. They're going to talk it over tonight. {bk12-l2d-f1-qa9-a.mp3}


# Source: LLA 2D Figure 1
$DIALOGUE Jack's Future Plans
ID: 12-2d-f1
INTRO: School is almost out, and Jack already knows exactly what's next. Listen to him and Don talk about life after graduation.
INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.

Jack: Well, Don, Friday is our last day. {bk12-l2d-f1-d01.mp3}
Don: Yeah, Jack, it is. What are you going to do now that school is out? {bk12-l2d-f1-d02.mp3}
Jack: I've been accepted at the university. I'll start there in September. {bk12-l2d-f1-d03.mp3}
Don: What courses will you take? {bk12-l2d-f1-d04.mp3}
Jack: I have chosen business as my career field, so I'll take the courses they offer for that field. {bk12-l2d-f1-d05.mp3}
Don: It sounds like you have a good future ahead of you. {bk12-l2d-f1-d06.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2D Figure 1 (role-play)
$DIALOGUE Role-Play: Take Don's Part
ID: 12-2d-f1-role-don
REFERENCE: 12-2d-f1
PLAY_ROLE: Don
INTRO: Practice the dialogue again. This time you take Don's part and ask the questions.
INSTRUCTION: You are Don — speak your lines in the pauses.

# Source: LLA 2D Figure 2 (role-play)
$DIALOGUE Role-Play: Take Jack's Part
ID: 12-2d-f2-role-jack
REFERENCE: 12-2d-f1
PLAY_ROLE: Jack
INTRO: Once more, with you as Jack — the one with the plan. You speak first.
INSTRUCTION: You are Jack — speak your lines in the pauses.


# Source: LLA 2D Figure 3
$DIALOGUE A Job Offer
ID: 12-2d-f3
INTRO: A son comes home with good news and a decision to make — and Mom is ready to talk it over. Listen to the dialogue.
INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.

Son: Mom, I got a job offer from the phone company today. {bk12-l2d-f2-d01.mp3}
Mom: Is it a good job? {bk12-l2d-f2-d02.mp3}
Son: I think so. It pays $75 more a month than the job I have now, and they will pay me for any college courses that help me with the job. {bk12-l2d-f2-d03.mp3}
Mom: It sounds good. {bk12-l2d-f2-d04.mp3}
Son: Well, I'll think it over. They don't need an answer until Wednesday. {bk12-l2d-f2-d05.mp3}
Mom: Just remember, I'm here if you want to discuss it. {bk12-l2d-f2-d06.mp3}
Son: Thanks, Mom. {bk12-l2d-f2-d07.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2D Figure 3 (role-play)
$DIALOGUE Role-Play: Take Mom's Part
ID: 12-2d-f3-role-mom
REFERENCE: 12-2d-f3
PLAY_ROLE: Mom
INTRO: Now take Mom's part in the conversation — supportive, but not pushy.
INSTRUCTION: You are Mom — speak your lines in the pauses.

# Source: LLA 2D Figure 4 (role-play)
$DIALOGUE Role-Play: Take the Son's Part
ID: 12-2d-f4-role-son
REFERENCE: 12-2d-f3
PLAY_ROLE: Son
INTRO: Now the job offer is yours. Take the son's part and start the conversation.
INSTRUCTION: You are Son — speak your lines in the pauses.


# Source: LLA 2D Figure 5
$DIALOGUE Tony Buys a Car
ID: 12-2d-f5
INTRO: Tony's old car finally asked for $600 too many. Listen to him and Glen talk about the new one.
INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.

Glen: Hey, Tony, you really need a new car. {bk12-l2d-f4-d01.mp3}
Tony: I know, Glen. Last night when the mechanic told me that I needed $600 to fix it, I decided to buy a new car. {bk12-l2d-f4-d02.mp3}
Glen: What kind are you going to buy? {bk12-l2d-f4-d03.mp3}
Tony: I've decided to buy an American car. They're easier for mechanics to repair. {bk12-l2d-f4-d04.mp3}
Glen: Bring it to my house when you get it. I want a ride in it. {bk12-l2d-f4-d05.mp3}
Tony: Okay, Glen. See you in about 2 weeks. {bk12-l2d-f4-d06.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2D Figure 5 (role-play)
$DIALOGUE Role-Play: Take Tony's Part
ID: 12-2d-f5-role-tony
REFERENCE: 12-2d-f5
PLAY_ROLE: Tony
INTRO: Now the $600 repair bill is yours. Take Tony's part in the conversation.
INSTRUCTION: You are Tony — speak your lines in the pauses.

# Source: LLA 2D Figure 6 (role-play)
$DIALOGUE Role-Play: Take Glen's Part
ID: 12-2d-f6-role-glen
REFERENCE: 12-2d-f5
PLAY_ROLE: Glen
INTRO: Now take Glen's part and start the conversation.
INSTRUCTION: You are Glen — speak your lines in the pauses.


# Source: LLA 2B Figure 4 (dialog 1 + question)
$DIALOGUE Listening: Sam's Career Choice
ID: 12-2b-f4-d1
INTRO: A short listening scene: Bob asks Sam about the job he turned down. Just listen — a question follows.
INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.

Bob: Did you turn down that job at the phone company, Sam? {bk12-l2b-f4-01.mp3}
Sam: I sure did, Bob. {bk12-l2b-f4-02.mp3}
Bob: What profession did you decide on? {bk12-l2b-f4-03.mp3}
Sam: I decided on a career in the military. {bk12-l2b-f4-04.mp3}

$PRODUCE Question: Sam's Career Choice
ID: 12-2b-f4-q1
REFERENCE: 12-2b-f4-d1
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
INTRO: Answer the question about Sam's conversation in a complete sentence.
INSTRUCTION: Answer the question aloud.
RUBRIC: Accept any full-sentence answer stating that Sam chose a career in the military.

PROMPT: What career did Sam choose? {bk12-l2b-f4-05.mp3}
RESPONSE: Sam chose a career in the military. {bk12-l2b-f4-06.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2B Figure 4 (dialog 2 + question)
$DIALOGUE Listening: Sally's Vacation Plans
ID: 12-2b-f4-d2
INTRO: One more short scene — Sally has vacation plans, and the weather has other ideas. Listen, then answer a question.
INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.

Bob: Where are you going on your vacation, Sally? {bk12-l2b-f4-07.mp3}
Sally: I want to go to the beach. {bk12-l2b-f4-08.mp3}
LINE: It's rainy and windy today. I hope it clears up before I go. {bk12-l2b-f4-09.mp3}

$PRODUCE Question: Sally's Vacation
ID: 12-2b-f4-q2
REFERENCE: 12-2b-f4-d2
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
INTRO: Answer the question about Sally's vacation plans in a complete sentence.
INSTRUCTION: Answer the question aloud.
RUBRIC: Accept any full-sentence answer stating that Sally wants to go to the beach.

PROMPT: Where does Sally want to go on her vacation? {bk12-l2b-f4-10.mp3}
RESPONSE: Sally wants to go to the beach. {bk12-l2b-f4-11.mp3}


# Source: ST §Why Did You Do That?
$DIALOGUE Why Did You Do That?
ID: l2-s33
INTRO: Tim has decided almost everything — the job, the city, the car. Almost. Listen and repeat the dialog.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat the dialog.
REPEAT

Joe: What did you decide to do about the job offers?
Tim: I've decided to take the one in Denver.

Joe: Instead of the one in Dallas? Why did you do that?
Tim: The pay is good, and I can take some courses there.

Joe: When do you plan to leave?
Tim: Sometime next month.

Joe: How are you going to get there? By plane?
Tim: No, I'm going to take my car instead.

Joe: Where are you going to live in Denver?
Tim: I haven't made up my mind yet.

# Source: ST §What Did You Decide?
$DIALOGUE Asking About Decisions
ID: l2-s34
INTRO: Here are the questions people ask when someone is deciding something. Listen and repeat each one — you'll use them in a moment.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat these questions about decisions.
REPEAT

LINE: What did you decide?
LINE: What are you going to do?
LINE: What have you decided to do?
LINE: Have you made up your mind?
LINE: Have you made a decision?
LINE: Have you changed your mind?
LINE: Where have you decided to go?
LINE: Which offer are you going to accept?
LINE: Did you decide to do it?
LINE: Did you decide not to do it?
LINE: When are you going to do it?
LINE: Why did you make that choice?

# Source: ST §Have You Made Up Your Mind?
$PRODUCE Ask About the Decision
ID: l2-s35
INTRO: Read each situation, then ask the person a natural question about their decision — out loud.
INSTRUCTION: Read the situation, then ask a question about the decision.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
SHOW_PROMPT
RUBRIC: Accept any natural, well-formed question asking about the person's decision in the given situation.

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: Your friend is trying to select a college.
RESPONSE: Have you made up your mind about a college?

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: Your sister is trying to choose a car.
RESPONSE: Which car did you decide to buy?

PROMPT: Your friend lives on base. He wants to move off base, so he is looking for an apartment.
RESPONSE: Have you found an apartment yet?

PROMPT: Your friend has talked to you about his vacation. He has been thinking about two different places.
RESPONSE: Where have you decided to go on vacation?

PROMPT: Your friend will be graduating from high school soon. She wants to be a mechanic. She is thinking about two different technical schools.
RESPONSE: Which technical school are you going to choose?

PROMPT: Your friend has just received a job offer from a large department store. You want to know what she will decide.
RESPONSE: Are you going to accept the job offer, or are you going to turn it down?

# Source: ST §I've Decided to Take the Job.
$DIALOGUE Announcing a Decision
ID: l2-s36
INTRO: And here's how to announce a decision once it's made. Listen and repeat each sentence.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat these sentences about decisions.
REPEAT

LINE: I've decided to take the job.
LINE: I finally made up my mind. I'm going to refuse the offer.
LINE: I've changed my mind. I'm not going to buy a car.
LINE: I've made a decision. I'm going to finish my education.
LINE: I've made up my mind. I'm going to go to the university.
LINE: I've made a choice between courses. I'm going to take German instead of French.
LINE: I've thought it over carefully. I'm not going to take German. I'm going to take French instead.
LINE: I've made a decision. I'm going to turn down the offer.

# SKIPPED (book): Function "WHAT ARE YOU GOING TO DO?" (p. 66) — instructor-read oral questions with no printed stimuli.
# SKIPPED (book): Speaking Skill "I'VE MADE MY DECISION" & "WHO? WHAT? WHEN?..." (pp. 66-68) — open/co-constructed student role-play and discussion tasks.


$SESSION 2-7: Reading and Listening Skills

# Source: LLA 2B Figure 5
$SELECT Same Meaning: Listen and Choose
ID: 12-2b-f5
INTRO: This part sharpens your reading and listening. First: listen to each sentence, then tap the statement that means the same thing, and repeat the answer.
INSTRUCTION: Tap the statement with the same meaning.
REPEAT

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: Margaret and Joe make a nice couple. {bk12-l2b-f5-01.mp3}
OPTION: a | Margaret and Joe work together.
OPTION: b | Margaret and Joe are brother and sister.
OPTION: c | Margaret and Joe are married.
ANSWER: c
FEEDBACK: Margaret and Joe are married. {bk12-l2b-f5-01-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: The coach said they had to practice again on Wednesday. {bk12-l2b-f5-02.mp3}
OPTION: a | A coach teaches people sports.
OPTION: b | A coach is a policeman.
OPTION: c | A coach is a soldier in the Army.
ANSWER: a
FEEDBACK: A coach teaches people sports. {bk12-l2b-f5-02-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Sally doubts that she can come to dinner. She's not feeling well. {bk12-l2b-f5-03.mp3}
OPTION: a | Sally thinks she can come.
OPTION: b | Sally doesn't think she can come.
OPTION: c | Sally doesn't want to come.
ANSWER: b
FEEDBACK: Sally doesn't think she can come. {bk12-l2b-f5-03-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: That new high school needs a stadium for their football, soccer, and baseball games. {bk12-l2b-f5-04.mp3}
OPTION: a | The school needs a place to eat.
OPTION: b | The school needs a quiet place to study.
OPTION: c | The school needs a place to play sports.
ANSWER: c
FEEDBACK: The school needs a place to play sports. {bk12-l2b-f5-04-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Henry got several presents for his birthday. He got a bicycle, a watch, and two small trucks. {bk12-l2b-f5-05.mp3}
OPTION: a | Henry ate lots of cake.
OPTION: b | Henry got lots of gifts.
OPTION: c | Henry spent lots of money.
ANSWER: b
FEEDBACK: Henry got lots of gifts. {bk12-l2b-f5-05-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Mary Lou bought 3 necklaces, 4 rings, and 2 pairs of earrings. {bk12-l2b-f5-06.mp3}
OPTION: a | Mary Lou bought lots of jewelry.
OPTION: b | Mary Lou bought lots of clothes.
OPTION: c | Mary Lou bought lots of food.
ANSWER: a
FEEDBACK: Mary Lou bought lots of jewelry. {bk12-l2b-f5-06-fb.mp3}

# SKIPPED (book+tape): LLA 2B Figure 6 — coordinate grid marking task with no direct mobile interaction.

# Source: ST §Select the Meaning
$SELECT Words in Context: Select the Meaning
ID: l2-s19
INTRO: Now use the sentence around a new word to guess what it means. Tap the word or phrase with the same meaning as the underlined word.
INSTRUCTION: Tap the word or phrase with the same meaning as the underlined word.

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: Tony used an *almanac* in the library to find out more about the country of Kuwait.
OPTION: a | a kind of tool
OPTION: b | a kind of radio
OPTION: c | a kind of book
ANSWER: c

TEMPLATE: Everyone enjoyed the wedding *reception* which was held at the Ronco Hotel.
OPTION: a | party
OPTION: b | meeting
OPTION: c | show
ANSWER: a

TEMPLATE: I had a good *idea* last night about how to fix this radio, but now I can't remember it.
OPTION: a | a tool
OPTION: b | some money
OPTION: c | a thought
ANSWER: c

TEMPLATE: The animals were put in the *barn* to keep them dry during the storm.
OPTION: a | a building
OPTION: b | a park
OPTION: c | a yard
ANSWER: a

TEMPLATE: She wants to be near her job. She doesn't like to live in the city, so she lives on the *outskirts*.
OPTION: a | a place near a city
OPTION: b | a place far from a city
OPTION: c | a place in a city
ANSWER: a

TEMPLATE: They got a *bargain* at the store, so they had enough money to go to the movies.
OPTION: a | something bought expensively
OPTION: b | something bought cheaply
OPTION: c | something fixed
ANSWER: b


# Source: LLA 2D Figure 8
$SELECT How Do They Feel?
ID: 12-2d-f8
INTRO: Nobody in these dialogues says how they feel — you have to figure it out. Listen to each one and tap the word that fits.
INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct option.
REPEAT

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: They are ____.
PROMPT: Did you hear that noise, Betty?\n— Yes, I did. Let's call our neighbor and ask him to look in our yard. {bk12-l2d-f8-ex.mp3}
OPTION: a | happy
OPTION: b | frightened
OPTION: c | sleepy
ANSWER: b
FEEDBACK: They are frightened. {bk12-l2d-f8-ex-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Sergeant Matthews, it's 12:45 and I haven't had lunch yet.\n— Don't worry, Sergeant Adams. I'll wait here until you come back. {bk12-l2d-f8-01.mp3}
TEMPLATE: Sgt Adams is ____.
OPTION: a | sick
OPTION: b | hungry
OPTION: c | excited
ANSWER: b
FEEDBACK: Sergeant Adams is hungry. {bk12-l2d-f8-01-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Mark, wake up. It's after 7:00. Your bus will be here in 30 minutes.\n— Mom, my stomach hurts. I want to stay home today. {bk12-l2d-f8-02.mp3}
TEMPLATE: Mark is ____.
OPTION: a | angry
OPTION: b | early
OPTION: c | sick
ANSWER: c
FEEDBACK: Mark is sick. {bk12-l2d-f8-02-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Carla! I've been accepted at the university.\n— That's great, Lori. {bk12-l2d-f8-03.mp3}
TEMPLATE: Lori is ____.
OPTION: a | happy
OPTION: b | upset
OPTION: c | sad
ANSWER: a
FEEDBACK: Lori is happy. {bk12-l2d-f8-03-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Private Walters, I told you to clean this floor.\n— I'm sorry, Sergeant Allen. I thought you said to clean this door. {bk12-l2d-f8-04.mp3}
TEMPLATE: Sgt Allen is ____.
OPTION: a | excited
OPTION: b | sad
OPTION: c | angry
ANSWER: c
FEEDBACK: Sergeant Allen is angry. {bk12-l2d-f8-04-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Hey, Jack. Your yard really looks nice.\n— Thanks. It took me all day to do it. It was a lot of work. {bk12-l2d-f8-05.mp3}
TEMPLATE: Jack is ____.
OPTION: a | sick
OPTION: b | tired
OPTION: c | glad
ANSWER: b
FEEDBACK: Jack is tired. {bk12-l2d-f8-05-fb.mp3}


# Source: LLA 2D Figure 7 (paragraph 1)
$GRAMMAR Reading: Carl's Plans
ID: 12-2d-f7-p1
READING
INTRO: Read the paragraph about Carl's future plans. Questions follow.

**Paragraph 1.** Carl just graduated from high school. He will go to a university next fall. He has chosen teaching as his profession. He will take courses in English, math, and, of course, education.

$PRODUCE Questions: Carl's Plans
ID: 12-2d-f7-q-p1
REFERENCE: 12-2d-f7-p1
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
INTRO: Listen to each question about Carl. Answer aloud, then check your answer — the paragraph is a tap away.
INSTRUCTION: Answer each question aloud.

PROMPT: Where will Carl go next fall? {bk12-l2d-f7-01-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: A university. {bk12-l2d-f7-01-a.mp3}

PROMPT: What has he chosen as his profession? {bk12-l2d-f7-02-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Teaching. {bk12-l2d-f7-02-a.mp3}

PROMPT: What courses will he take? {bk12-l2d-f7-03-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: English, math, and education. {bk12-l2d-f7-03-a.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2D Figure 7 (paragraph 2)
$GRAMMAR Reading: Patty the Teacher
ID: 12-2d-f7-p2
READING
INTRO: Now read about Patty's teaching schedule.

**Paragraph 2.** Patty is a teacher. She has two teaching fields. She teaches English, and she teaches German. She has four classes of English and two classes of German.

$PRODUCE Questions: Patty the Teacher
ID: 12-2d-f7-q-p2
REFERENCE: 12-2d-f7-p2
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
INTRO: Listen to each question about Patty. Answer aloud, then check your answer.
INSTRUCTION: Answer each question aloud.

PROMPT: What is Patty's profession? {bk12-l2d-f7-04-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Teacher. {bk12-l2d-f7-04-a.mp3}

PROMPT: What are her two teaching fields? {bk12-l2d-f7-05-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: English and German. {bk12-l2d-f7-05-a.mp3}

PROMPT: How many classes of English does she have? {bk12-l2d-f7-06-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: 4 {bk12-l2d-f7-06-a.mp3}

PROMPT: How many classes of German does she have? {bk12-l2d-f7-07-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: 2 {bk12-l2d-f7-07-a.mp3}


# Source: LLA 2D Figure 9
$DIALOGUE Learning a Language
ID: 12-2d-f9-story
INTRO: A short talk about something you know well by now: learning a language. Just listen — you'll give the main idea afterwards.
INSTRUCTION: Listen to the passage.

LINE: Learning a language is not easy. {bk12-l2d-f9-01.mp3}
LINE: It takes a lot of time and lots of hard work. {bk12-l2d-f9-02.mp3}
LINE: You must practice speaking, reading, and writing the new language as often as you can. {bk12-l2d-f9-03.mp3}
LINE: You must learn to think in that language, not in your own. {bk12-l2d-f9-04.mp3}
LINE: If you study every day, you'll be speaking this new language very soon. {bk12-l2d-f9-05.mp3}

$PRODUCE The Main Idea
ID: 12-2d-f9
REFERENCE: 12-2d-f9-story
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
INTRO: In one sentence, say the main idea of the paragraph you just heard — your own words are fine.
INSTRUCTION: Speak the main idea in a complete sentence.
RUBRIC: Accept any statement conveying that learning a language takes hard work/study but is achievable.

PROMPT: What is the main idea of the paragraph? {bk12-l2d-f9-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: The main idea is that learning a new language isn't easy, but if you study hard, you can do it. {bk12-l2d-f9-a.mp3}


# Source: ST §Reading: Summaries (paragraph 1)
$GRAMMAR Reading for a Summary: The Stars
ID: l2-s37-r-p1
READING
INTRO: Three short readings to finish the reading work. Read each one, then sum it up in your own words. First: why we only see stars at night.

CARD: **Paragraph 1.** We see stars in the sky only at night, but they are really there all the time. Our sun is a star. During the day the sun makes the sky bright, so we cannot see the light of the other stars. At night, when the sun is not there, we can easily see the other stars.

$PRODUCE Summary: The Stars
ID: l2-s37-p1
REFERENCE: l2-s37-r-p1
INSTRUCTION: Give a summary of the paragraph in your own words.
INTRO: Now say a one- or two-sentence summary of the paragraph, out loud.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
RUBRIC: Accept any reasonable summary explaining that stars are always in the sky, but we only see them at night because sunlight hides them during the day.

PROMPT: What is the summary of this paragraph?
RESPONSE: Stars are always in the sky, but we can only see them at night because the sun makes the sky too bright during the day.

# Source: ST §Reading: Summaries (paragraph 2)
$GRAMMAR Reading for a Summary: Washing Machines
ID: l2-s37-r-p2
READING
INTRO: Next reading: the machine that saved everyone's Saturdays.

CARD: **Paragraph 2.** Hamilton Smith made the first mechanical washing machine in 1858. Before this, people had to wash their clothes by hand. In 1910, Alva J. Fisher made the first electric washing machine, which was much easier to use. Washing machines are wonderful because they can wash clothes much faster than people can.

$PRODUCE Summary: Washing Machines
ID: l2-s37-p2
REFERENCE: l2-s37-r-p2
INSTRUCTION: Give a summary of the paragraph in your own words.
INTRO: Sum up the paragraph in your own words, out loud.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
RUBRIC: Accept any reasonable summary stating that the invention of washing machines made washing clothes faster and easier than doing it by hand.

PROMPT: What is the summary of this paragraph?
RESPONSE: Washing machines were invented to make washing clothes much faster and easier than washing by hand.

# Source: ST §Reading: Summaries (paragraph 3)
$GRAMMAR Reading for a Summary: Jazz
ID: l2-s37-r-p3
READING
INTRO: Last reading: a little music history from New Orleans.

CARD: **Paragraph 3.** Jazz is a kind of music that began in the United States in the city of New Orleans, Louisiana, in the 1920s. It was very popular then, and still is today. Every night in New Orleans, jazz is played in many places around the city. Sometimes people wait in line just to hear it.

$PRODUCE Summary: Jazz
ID: l2-s37-p3
REFERENCE: l2-s37-r-p3
INSTRUCTION: Give a summary of the paragraph in your own words.
INTRO: One more summary — say it in your own words.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
RUBRIC: Accept any reasonable summary mentioning that jazz is a popular style of music that began in New Orleans in the 1920s and is still enjoyed today.

PROMPT: What is the summary of this paragraph?
RESPONSE: Jazz is a popular style of American music that began in New Orleans in the 1920s and remains very popular today.


# Source: LLA 2C Figure 4
$PRODUCE Dictation: Mark in California
ID: 12-2c-f4
INTRO: One last exercise: dictation. Listen to each sentence about Mark's six years in California and type exactly what you hear. That's the whole lesson — decision made, mind made up. Nice work.
INSTRUCTION: Type the sentence you hear.
INPUT: type
CHECK: exact
HIDE_PROMPT

PROMPT: Mark lived in California for 6 years. {bk12-l2c-f4-01.mp3}
RESPONSE: Mark lived in California for 6 years. {bk12-l2c-f4-01.mp3}
ACCEPT: Mark lived in California for six years.

PROMPT: The climate was wonderful. {bk12-l2c-f4-02.mp3}
RESPONSE: The climate was wonderful. {bk12-l2c-f4-02.mp3}

PROMPT: There was only a little humidity. {bk12-l2c-f4-03.mp3}
RESPONSE: There was only a little humidity. {bk12-l2c-f4-03.mp3}

PROMPT: There was a nice sea breeze, and the temperatures were always warm. {bk12-l2c-f4-04.mp3}
RESPONSE: There was a nice sea breeze, and the temperatures were always warm. {bk12-l2c-f4-04.mp3}
ACCEPT: There was a nice sea breeze, and temperatures were always warm.

PROMPT: The beaches were full of people who were having a good time. {bk12-l2c-f4-05.mp3}
RESPONSE: The beaches were full of people who were having a good time. {bk12-l2c-f4-05.mp3}

PROMPT: He really enjoyed the 6 years he was there. {bk12-l2c-f4-06.mp3}
RESPONSE: He really enjoyed the 6 years he was there. {bk12-l2c-f4-06.mp3}
ACCEPT: He really enjoyed the six years he was there.