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+$MODULE Book 12 · Lesson 1: What Will Happen If...? {st-page_009_001.jpg}
+FORMAT: 2
+DESCRIPTION: Weather and climate vocabulary, making plans and predictions with "if" clauses, and the present perfect tense.
+TARGET_LANG_G: en
+HOME_LANG_G: en
+VOICE_DEFAULT: aoede | Clear, friendly American English narrator
+VOICE_INTRO: aoede | Warm, lightly witty teacher voice
+VOICE_PROMPT: gacrux | Questions and cues, read clearly
+VOICE_RESPONSE: schedar | Model answers, warm and clear
+VOICE: SpeakerA | achernar | Male
+VOICE: SpeakerB | schedar | Male
+VOICE: Roger | achernar | Male student
+VOICE: Friend | schedar | Male student
+VOICE: Henry | achird | Male
+VOICE: Pete | achernar | Male
+VOICE: Sarah | gacrux | Female
+VOICE: Betty | aoede | Female speaker
+VOICE: Mary | aoede | Female speaker
+VOICE: Paul | achernar | Male speaker
+VOICE: Sam | achird | Male speaker
+VOICE: Jim | schedar | Male speaker
+VOICE: Joe | gacrux | Male speaker
+VOICE: John | achernar | Male speaker
+VOICE: Mark | achird | Male speaker
+VOICE: Kim | aoede | Female speaker
+VOICE: Ali | schedar | Male speaker
+VOICE: Pat | gacrux | Male speaker
+VOICE: Luke | achernar | Male speaker
+VOICE: Tony | achird | Male speaker
+VOICE: Andy | schedar | Male speaker
+VOICE: Art | gacrux | Male speaker
+VOICE: Phil | achernar | Male speaker
+VOICE: Tim | achird | Male speaker
+VOICE: Sharif | schedar | Male speaker
+VOICE: Owen | gacrux | Male speaker
+VOICE: Chuck | achernar | Male speaker
+VOICE: Bob | achird | Male speaker
+VOICE: Don | schedar | Male speaker
+VOICE: Jack | gacrux | Male speaker
+VOICE: Bill | achernar | Male speaker
+VOICE: Dale | achird | Male speaker
+VOICE: Gene | schedar | Male speaker
+VOICE: Lynn | aoede | Female speaker
+VOICE: Gwen | aoede | Female speaker
+VOICE: ID | achernar | speaker (auto)
+VOICE: Narrator | achird | speaker (auto)
+
+$LESSON 1-1: Climate and the Beach
+
+# Source: ST §Hot Climate or Cold Climate?
+$DIALOGUE Climate and Weather Words
+ID: l1-s1
+INTRO: In this lesson you'll learn to talk about weather and climate, say what will happen if something else happens, and use the present perfect tense. First, the words: listen to each sentence and repeat it.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
+REPEAT
+
+VOCAB: climate
+LINE: The weather of a place is its climate.
+LINE: Puerto Rico has a very nice climate.
+
+VOCAB: heat
+LINE: We receive heat from the sun.
+LINE: The heat from the fire will dry your clothes.
+
+VOCAB: humidity
+LINE: Water in the air is called humidity.
+LINE: The humidity is very high near the ocean.
+
+VOCAB: humid
+LINE: When there's a lot of water in the air, we say it's humid.
+LINE: It's often very humid in Houston.
+
+VOCAB: sea
+LINE: A sea is full of salty water.
+LINE: The Mediterranean Sea is between Europe and Africa.
+
+VOCAB: beach
+LINE: A beach is the land next to a sea or an ocean.
+LINE: Children enjoy playing at the beach.
+
+VOCAB: to blow | blow
+LINE: Usually a breeze blows softly in the evening.
+LINE: The wind blew very hard yesterday.
+LINE: Oh no! The wind has blown my papers off my desk.
+
+VOCAB: expect to | expect
+LINE: My sister said she would call me today. I'm expecting her call.
+LINE: It's 11:00 o'clock. I expect the bus to come soon.
+
+VOCAB: during
+LINE: It was still freezing during April.
+LINE: We used to go swimming every day during the summer.
+
+# Source: LLA 1A Listening/Speaking
+$PRODUCE Weather and Places — Answer the Questions
+ID: 1a-ls1
+INTRO: Now put those words to work. Listen to a sentence and a question, answer aloud, then repeat the model answer.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the sentences and answer the questions aloud.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+REPEAT
+
+PROMPT: If the sea is calm, we can take the baby on the boat. Can we take the baby on the boat? {bk12-l1a-f1-01-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: We can take the baby on the boat if the sea is calm. {bk12-l1a-f1-01-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: The Wilsons enjoyed their vacation at the beach. Where did the Wilsons go on their vacation? {bk12-l1a-f1-02-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: They went to the beach. {bk12-l1a-f1-02-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: I like to be on the beach when the wind is blowing softly. When do you like to be on the beach? {bk12-l1a-f1-03-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: I like to be on the beach when the wind is blowing softly. {bk12-l1a-f1-03-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Joey spilled some water on the floor. His mother slipped and fell down. What happened to Joey's mother? {bk12-l1a-f1-04-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: She slipped on some water and fell down. {bk12-l1a-f1-04-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: There are no clouds in the sky. It's a beautiful clear day. Is it a cloudy day? {bk12-l1a-f1-05-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: No. It's a clear day. There are no clouds in the sky. {bk12-l1a-f1-05-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Alice never swims in the deep part of the lake. Does Alice swim in the deep part of the lake? {bk12-l1a-f1-06-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: No. She never swims in the deep part of the lake. {bk12-l1a-f1-06-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: The children were frightened when the lights went out. When were the children frightened? {bk12-l1a-f1-07-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: They were frightened when the lights went out. {bk12-l1a-f1-07-a.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 1A Figure 1 (full dialogue)
+$DIALOGUE Where Would You Like to Live?
+ID: 1a-f1
+INTRO: Two friends talk about the perfect place to live — calm sea, soft wind, and very little chance of actually moving there. Just listen.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.
+
+SpeakerA: Where would you like to live? {bk12-l1a-f1-08.mp3}
+SpeakerB: I'd like to live in a place near the beach, where the sea is calm and the wind blows softly. This place would have a warm climate and a little humidity. {bk12-l1a-f1-09.mp3}
+SpeakerA: Do you ever expect to live in this place? {bk12-l1a-f1-10.mp3}
+SpeakerB: I don't know, but it's a nice thought. {bk12-l1a-f1-11.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 1A Figure 1 (role play, part 1)
+$PRODUCE Where Would You Like to Live? — Your Turn
+ID: 1a-f1-b
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: Now it's your conversation. Listen to the question, read your reply aloud, then check the model.
+INSTRUCTION: Read your lines aloud when it's your turn.
+
+PROMPT: Where would you like to live? {bk12-l1a-f1-08.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: I'd like to live in a place near the beach, where the sea is calm, and the wind blows softly. This place would have a warm climate and little humidity.
+RESPONSE: I'd like to live in a place near the beach, where the sea is calm and the wind blows softly. This place would have a warm climate and a little humidity. {bk12-l1a-f1-09.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Do you ever expect to live in this place? {bk12-l1a-f1-10.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: I don't know, but it's a nice thought.
+RESPONSE: I don't know, but it's a nice thought. {bk12-l1a-f1-11.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 1A Figure 2 (role play, part 2)
+$PRODUCE Where Would You Like to Live? — You Begin
+ID: 1a-f2
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: Same conversation, but this time you start it. Say your line aloud, then listen to the reply.
+INSTRUCTION: Speak your lines aloud.
+
+TEMPLATE: Where would you like to live?
+RESPONSE: Where would you like to live? {bk12-l1a-f1-08.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: I'd like to live in a place near the beach, where the sea is calm and the wind blows softly. This place would have a warm climate and a little humidity. {bk12-l1a-f1-09.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: Do you ever expect to live in this place?
+RESPONSE: Do you ever expect to live in this place? {bk12-l1a-f1-10.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 1A Figure 3 (full dialogue)
+$DIALOGUE Where Does Your Brother Live?
+ID: 1a-f3
+INTRO: Winter in New York lasts about six months — which is at least five too many for some people. Listen to the conversation.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.
+
+SpeakerA: Where does your brother live? {bk12-l1a-f2-01.mp3}
+SpeakerB: He lives in New York City. {bk12-l1a-f2-02.mp3}
+SpeakerA: How long does winter last there? {bk12-l1a-f2-03.mp3}
+SpeakerB: It lasts about 6 months. Next year he wants to move to Miami during the winter. {bk12-l1a-f2-04.mp3}
+SpeakerA: Are the winters unpleasant? {bk12-l1a-f2-05.mp3}
+SpeakerB: Well, they can be dangerous. Last year he slipped on the ice and hurt his leg. {bk12-l1a-f2-06.mp3}
+SpeakerA: Maybe he shouldn't stay in New York. {bk12-l1a-f2-07.mp3}
+SpeakerB: He likes living there except in the winter. {bk12-l1a-f2-08.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 1A Figure 3 (role play, part 1)
+$PRODUCE Where Does Your Brother Live? — Your Turn
+ID: 1a-f3-b
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: Now you're the one with the brother in New York. Listen, read your reply aloud, then check the model.
+INSTRUCTION: Read your lines aloud when it's your turn.
+
+PROMPT: Where does your brother live? {bk12-l1a-f2-01.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: He lives in New York City.
+RESPONSE: He lives in New York City. {bk12-l1a-f2-02.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: How long does winter last there? {bk12-l1a-f2-03.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: It lasts about six months. Next year he wants to move to Miami during the winter.
+RESPONSE: It lasts about 6 months. Next year he wants to move to Miami during the winter. {bk12-l1a-f2-04.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Are the winters unpleasant? {bk12-l1a-f2-05.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: Well, they can be dangerous. Last year he slipped on the ice and hurt his leg.
+RESPONSE: Well, they can be dangerous. Last year he slipped on the ice and hurt his leg. {bk12-l1a-f2-06.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Maybe he shouldn't stay in New York. {bk12-l1a-f2-07.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: He likes living there except in the winter.
+RESPONSE: He likes living there except in the winter. {bk12-l1a-f2-08.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 1A Figure 4 (role play, part 2)
+$PRODUCE Where Does Your Brother Live? — You Begin
+ID: 1a-f4
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: Once more, and this time you ask the questions. Say your line aloud, then listen to the reply.
+INSTRUCTION: Speak your lines aloud.
+
+TEMPLATE: Where does your brother live?
+RESPONSE: Where does your brother live? {bk12-l1a-f2-01.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: He lives in New York City. {bk12-l1a-f2-02.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: How long does winter last there?
+RESPONSE: How long does winter last there? {bk12-l1a-f2-03.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: It lasts about 6 months. Next year he wants to move to Miami during the winter. {bk12-l1a-f2-04.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: Are the winters unpleasant?
+RESPONSE: Are the winters unpleasant? {bk12-l1a-f2-05.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Well, they can be dangerous. Last year he slipped on the ice and hurt his leg. {bk12-l1a-f2-06.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: Maybe he shouldn't stay in New York.
+RESPONSE: Maybe he shouldn't stay in New York. {bk12-l1a-f2-07.mp3}
+
+# Source: ST §Letter to Mary
+$DIALOGUE A Letter to Mary {st-page_012_001.jpg}
+ID: l1-s2
+INTRO: Betty lives somewhere warm; her sister Mary is freezing in New York. Read Betty's letter and notice how she uses the weather words you just learned.
+INSTRUCTION: Read the letter.
+
+Narrator: Dear Mary,
+Narrator: Since you're tired of the freezing temperatures in New York, come and visit us during spring break (March 23rd to 28th)!
+Narrator: I'm sending you a picture of your niece and nephew at the beach.
+Narrator: The wind really blew that day but, don't worry, it hasn't blown much since.
+Narrator: Don't you just want to come when you see the beach?
+Narrator: You say that you don't want to come because of our hot climate, but you don't really feel the heat when you're near the water, Sis.
+NOTES: Sis = Sister
+Narrator: When you're next to the water and the breeze blows, you don't feel the humidity.
+Narrator: It's more humid in New York in the summer than it is here. Come down and you will see.
+Narrator: I hope it's clear to you that I want you to come and spend time with us.
+Narrator: I expect to hear from you soon.
+Narrator: Your sister.
+
+# Source: ST §Where's Carl?
+$DIALOGUE Where's Carl?
+ID: l1-s3
+INTRO: The letter worked — Mary came. Her husband Carl stayed in New York, and there's a story behind that. Listen and repeat; watch for "slip", "remain", and "last".
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat the dialog.
+REPEAT
+
+Betty: I'm so glad you came.
+Mary: It's nice to see you, too.
+Betty: Why didn't Carl come with you?
+
+VOCAB: to slip | slip
+VOCAB: to remain | remain
+Mary: He hasn't felt well ever since he slipped and fell at work last month. He wants to remain in New York until he finishes his medicine and sees the doctor again.
+
+VOCAB: to last | last
+Betty: How long is his medicine going to last?
+Mary: It'll last about one more week.
+
+VOCAB: slippery
+VOCAB: dangerous
+Betty: Poor Carl. Slippery floors are very dangerous. Are they going to do anything to make the floors less slippery?
+
+VOCAB: carpeting
+Mary: They're going to put in carpeting.
+NOTES: carpeting = carpet
+
+Betty: I'm glad they learned something from this.
+
+$LESSON 1-2: Ever, Feelings, and Staying Calm
+
+# Source: LLA 1B Listening/Speaking (vocabulary)
+$DIALOGUE New Words: Remain, Belong, No Longer
+ID: 1b-ls1
+INTRO: In this part you'll learn words for habits and feelings, and hear about one very bad storm. Start by listening to each sentence and repeating it.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
+REPEAT
+
+VOCAB: remain
+LINE: Tim remained in France after his family left. {bk12-l1b-f1-01.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: belong
+LINE: This jacket belongs to Martha. It's hers. {bk12-l1b-f1-02.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: humid
+LINE: The weather in London is very humid. It rains a lot. {bk12-l1b-f1-03.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: no longer
+LINE: Nina no longer wants to study French. She doesn't think it's interesting. {bk12-l1b-f1-04.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: occasionally
+LINE: I eat there occasionally, but not very often. {bk12-l1b-f1-05.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: like
+LINE: There are many interesting cities, like Los Angeles and Washington, D.C., to see in the United States. {bk12-l1b-f1-06.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: heat
+LINE: The sun gives us a lot of heat. It keeps us warm. {bk12-l1b-f1-07.mp3}
+
+# Source: ST §Ever
+$DIALOGUE Ever
+ID: l1-s4
+INTRO: "Ever" shows up whenever we ask about any time at all. Read these short exchanges — no repeating needed.
+INSTRUCTION: Read the dialogs.
+
+VOCAB: ever
+VOCAB: finally
+Paul: What did you ever do about your car?
+Sam: I finally sold it!
+
+Jim: How did you ever get to Houston on time?
+Joe: I took a plane!
+
+John: How did you ever pass that test?
+Mark: I studied all night!
+
+Kim: Have you ever been to Europe?
+Ali: Yes, I've been there many times.
+Kim: What about you, Pat?
+VOCAB: never
+Pat: No, I've never been there.
+
+Luke: Did you ever write to John?
+Tony: No, I never did. I lost his address.
+Luke: What about you, Andy?
+Andy: Yes, I wrote to him last week.
+
+Art: Do you ever wear your school jacket?
+VOCAB: no longer | anymore
+Phil: No, I never wear it anymore.
+Art: What about you, Tim?
+Tim: Sure, I wear mine all the time. It's nice and warm.
+
+Sharif: Have you ever had pita bread?
+NOTES: pita = a thin, flat bread
+Owen: No, I've never had any, but I hear it's great.
+Sharif: What about you, Chuck?
+Chuck: Yes. I eat it all the time. It's delicious.
+
+# Source: ST §What Ever Happened To...?
+$PRODUCE What Ever Happened To...?
+ID: l1-s5
+INTRO: People move on — jobs change, letters stop, Aunt Virginia is suddenly in Texas. Ask what ever happened to the underlined person, then answer with "no longer" and the new situation.
+INSTRUCTION: Ask a question about the underlined person, then answer it using the remaining information.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+RUBRIC: The learner must form a question like "What ever happened to X?" followed by an answer stating "he/she no longer..." and the new situation from the cue.
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: *Aunt Virginia* doesn't live in New York any longer. She moved to Texas last year.
+RESPONSE: What ever happened to Aunt Virginia? Well, she no longer lives in New York. Now, she lives in Texas.
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: *Your friend Ron* isn't sick any longer. He feels better now.
+RESPONSE: What ever happened to your friend Ron? Well, he's no longer sick. Now, he feels better.
+
+TEMPLATE: *Uncle Paul* doesn't work with Carl any longer. He found another job.
+RESPONSE: What ever happened to Uncle Paul? Well, he no longer works with Carl. Now, he has another job.
+
+TEMPLATE: *Mr. Ross*, your neighbor, doesn't fix cars any longer. He hurt his hands.
+RESPONSE: What ever happened to Mr. Ross? Well, he no longer fixes cars. Now, he can't because he hurt his hands.
+
+TEMPLATE: *Frankie* doesn't go to high school any longer. He graduated last May.
+RESPONSE: What ever happened to Frankie? Well, he no longer goes to high school. Now, he has graduated.
+
+TEMPLATE: *Carl's friend Joe* isn't single any longer. He's married now.
+RESPONSE: What ever happened to Carl's friend Joe? Well, he's no longer single. Now, he's married.
+
+TEMPLATE: *Carl's mother* isn't staying with us any longer.
+RESPONSE: What ever happened to Carl's mother? Well, she's no longer staying with us.
+
+TEMPLATE: *Mrs. Green* doesn't visit us any longer. She can't drive anymore.
+RESPONSE: What ever happened to Mrs. Green? Well, she no longer visits us. Now, she can't drive anymore.
+
+TEMPLATE: *Your friend Dorothy* doesn't write you any longer. She's very busy with her new family.
+RESPONSE: What ever happened to your friend Dorothy? Well, she no longer writes me. Now, she's very busy with her new family.
+
+TEMPLATE: *Mr. Sills* doesn't tell funny stories any longer. He doesn't have time now.
+RESPONSE: What ever happened to Mr. Sills? Well, he no longer tells funny stories. Now, he doesn't have time.
+
+TEMPLATE: *Miss Grant* isn't in Spain any longer. She came back to the U.S. last week.
+RESPONSE: What ever happened to Miss Grant? Well, she's no longer in Spain. Now, she's back in the U.S.
+
+# Source: ST §Are You Ever Frightened Like That?
+$DIALOGUE Are You Ever Frightened Like That?
+ID: l1-s7
+INTRO: Betty and Mary are relaxing at the beach, sharing an unpleasant thought or two. Listen and repeat; watch for "calm", "frightened", and "deep".
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat the dialog.
+REPEAT
+
+VOCAB: calm
+VOCAB: quiet
+Betty: It's so calm and quiet here--no noise, no problems. I just love being at the beach.
+
+VOCAB: except
+VOCAB: frightened | frighten
+Mary: I do too. I'm glad we came--except that swimming in the sea frightens me sometimes.
+
+Betty: Why is that?
+
+VOCAB: deep
+Mary: I think about swimming too far into the sea, where the water is really deep, and that frightens me.
+
+VOCAB: unpleasant
+VOCAB: thought | thoughts
+Betty: Everybody has unpleasant thoughts sometimes.
+
+VOCAB: like
+Mary: Are you ever frightened like that?
+
+VOCAB: occasionally
+Betty: Not very often, but I occasionally worry about the kids' swimming too far.
+NOTES: kids = children
+
+Mary: Let's just forget about these unpleasant thoughts and enjoy the beach.
+
+# Source: LLA 1B full dialogue
+$DIALOGUE A Bad Storm
+ID: 1b-f1-dialogue
+INTRO: Two friends remember a bad storm — an hour of noise, then deep water in slippery streets. Nobody remained calm. Just listen.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.
+
+SpeakerA: Were you ever in a bad storm before? {bk12-l1b-f1-08.mp3}
+SpeakerB: Yes, and I was very frightened. It was about an hour before it stopped. {bk12-l1b-f1-09.mp3}
+SpeakerA: Then did it clear up? {bk12-l1b-f1-10.mp3}
+SpeakerB: Yes. It got very quiet, but the water in the streets was very deep and it was slippery. {bk12-l1b-f1-11.mp3}
+SpeakerA: Did you remain calm during the storm? {bk12-l1b-f1-12.mp3}
+SpeakerB: No, I didn't. None of us did. We were all very glad when it cleared up. {bk12-l1b-f1-13.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 1B Figure 1 (role play B)
+$PRODUCE A Bad Storm — Your Turn
+ID: 1b-f1
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: Now the storm happened to you. Listen to the question, read your line aloud, then check your answer.
+INSTRUCTION: Read your lines aloud when it's your turn.
+
+PROMPT: Were you ever in a bad storm before? {bk12-l1b-f1-14.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: Yes, and I was very frightened. It was about an hour before it stopped.
+RESPONSE: Yes, and I was very frightened. It was about an hour before it stopped. {bk12-l1b-f1-09.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Then did it clear up? {bk12-l1b-f1-15.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: Yes, it got very quiet. But the water in the streets was very deep, and it was slippery.
+RESPONSE: Yes, it got very quiet. But the water in the streets was very deep, and it was slippery. {bk12-l1b-f1-11.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Did you remain calm during the storm? {bk12-l1b-f1-16.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: No, I didn't. None of us did. We were all very glad when it cleared up.
+RESPONSE: No, I didn't. None of us did. We were all very glad when it cleared up. {bk12-l1b-f1-13.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 1B Figure 2 (role play A)
+$PRODUCE A Bad Storm — You Begin
+ID: 1b-f2
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: Same conversation, but this time you ask the questions. Read your line aloud, then listen to the answer.
+INSTRUCTION: Read your lines aloud when it's your turn.
+
+TEMPLATE: Were you ever in a bad storm before?
+PROMPT: Yes, and I was very frightened; it was about an hour before it stopped. {bk12-l1b-f2-01.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Were you ever in a bad storm before? {bk12-l1b-f1-08.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: Then did it clear up?
+PROMPT: Yes, it got very quiet, but the water in the streets was very deep and it was slippery. {bk12-l1b-f2-02.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Then did it clear up? {bk12-l1b-f1-10.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: Did you remain calm during the storm?
+PROMPT: No, I didn't. None of us did. We were all very glad when it cleared up. {bk12-l1b-f2-03.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Did you remain calm during the storm? {bk12-l1b-f1-12.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 1B Figure 3 (feelings)
+$SELECT How Is He Feeling?
+ID: 1b-f3
+INTRO: Listen to each short exchange and decide how the person feels. The clues are in what they say, not how loudly they say it.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct feeling.
+
+EXAMPLE
+PROMPT: What's wrong, Gina? — My dog ran away. — Gina's? {bk12-l1b-f3-ex.mp3}
+OPTION: a | happy
+OPTION: b | tired
+OPTION: c | sad
+ANSWER: c
+
+PROMPT: Hello, sir. Long day? — Yes. I was very busy all day. — He's? {bk12-l1b-f3-01.mp3}
+OPTION: a | tired {bk12-l1b-f3-01-a.mp3}
+OPTION: b | happy
+OPTION: c | sick
+ANSWER: a
+
+PROMPT: Look at that big smile. — I made a 95 on my quiz. — He's? {bk12-l1b-f3-02.mp3}
+OPTION: a | sad
+OPTION: b | happy {bk12-l1b-f3-02-a.mp3}
+OPTION: c | angry
+ANSWER: b
+
+PROMPT: Hi, Phil. How are you today? — My stomach hurts, and I have a fever. — He's? {bk12-l1b-f3-03.mp3}
+OPTION: a | sick {bk12-l1b-f3-03-a.mp3}
+OPTION: b | tired
+OPTION: c | careless
+ANSWER: a
+
+PROMPT: Hey, Jack. Where are you going? — It's 11:30, time for lunch. — He's? {bk12-l1b-f3-04.mp3}
+OPTION: a | late
+OPTION: b | sick
+OPTION: c | hungry {bk12-l1b-f3-04-a.mp3}
+ANSWER: c
+
+PROMPT: What happened to your leg? — I fell down outside the door. — He's? {bk12-l1b-f3-05.mp3}
+OPTION: a | tired
+OPTION: b | sick
+OPTION: c | hurt {bk12-l1b-f3-05-a.mp3}
+ANSWER: c
+
+# Source: ST §Carl Wants To Go Fishing.
+$DIALOGUE Carl Wants to Go Fishing
+ID: l1-s8
+INTRO: Good news from New York: Carl is feeling better and thinking about fish. Listen and repeat; notice "clear up" and "clear".
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat the dialog.
+REPEAT
+
+Betty: Did you talk to Carl? Was he feeling better?
+
+VOCAB: clear up
+VOCAB: clear
+Mary: Yes, much better. He said that he drove to the lake last Sunday. It was cloudy in the morning, but it cleared up in the afternoon. The day was calm and the water was clear. He could see the fish there. He can't wait until he can go fishing.
+
+Betty: His pain won't last much longer. He'll be ready to go fishing soon.
+Mary: We certainly hope so.
+
+# Source: ST §The Children Stay Calm
+$PRODUCE Stay Calm, Remain Quiet
+ID: l1-s9
+INTRO: Now build your own sentences with "stay" or "remain" plus an adjective — calm, quiet, happy, sad, angry, or cool. Use the cue on the screen; the model shows one good answer.
+INSTRUCTION: Make a sentence using "stay" or "remain" and the phrase below.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+RUBRIC: The learner must form a sentence using "stay" or "remain" along with a suitable adjective (angry, happy, sad, calm, quiet, cool) and the provided phrase. Example: "Joe remains quiet when everyone else is making noise."
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: when everyone else is making noise
+RESPONSE: Joe remains quiet when everyone else is making noise.
+
+TEMPLATE: when/sleep
+RESPONSE: The children stay calm when they sleep.
+
+TEMPLATE: when/at a party
+RESPONSE: She stays happy when she is at a party.
+
+TEMPLATE: during a test
+RESPONSE: The students remain quiet during a test.
+
+TEMPLATE: when/have a pain
+RESPONSE: He stays sad when he has a pain.
+
+TEMPLATE: when/drive a car
+RESPONSE: Mr. Williams remains calm when he drives a car.
+
+TEMPLATE: when/very hot
+RESPONSE: I try to stay cool when it is very hot.
+
+TEMPLATE: when someone hurts/feelings
+RESPONSE: She stays angry when someone hurts her feelings.
+
+TEMPLATE: when/do class work
+RESPONSE: They remain quiet when they do class work.
+
+TEMPLATE: after someone calls/at 3:00 a.m.
+RESPONSE: He stays angry after someone calls at 3:00 a.m.
+
+# Source: ST §Only the Yellow Ones Are Ours
+$DIALOGUE Only the Yellow Ones Are Ours {st-page_019_001.jpg}
+ID: l1-s10
+INTRO: The visit is almost over, and somebody's socks are in the wrong suitcase. Listen and repeat; notice "belong to" and "none".
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat the dialog.
+REPEAT
+
+VOCAB: could use
+Betty: Mary, I could use some help.
+Mary: I'll be glad to help you. What do you need?
+
+VOCAB: none
+VOCAB: belong to
+Betty: None of these socks, except the yellow ones, belong to us. I think they belong to you, or I picked them up by mistake at the laundry.
+Mary: No. You didn't make a mistake. They belong to us.
+
+Betty: Thank you for clearing that up for me. . . . I'm so glad you decided to come.
+
+VOCAB: be over
+Mary: Me too, but I'm sad our visit is almost over. Tomorrow at this time we'll be back in New York.
+Betty: Yes, I'm sorry your visit will be over, too. Can you come back next year?
+
+$LESSON 1-3: If Clauses
+
+# Source: ST §Conditional Sentences (grammar)
+$GRAMMAR Conditional Sentences with If
+ID: l1-s11
+INTRO: Here's the heart of this lesson: saying what will happen if something else happens. One condition, one result — and the "if" part can go first or last.
+
+Conditional sentences have two parts: the if-clause and the main clause. One type of conditional sentence is used to show what may/will happen in the present/future if a certain condition happens.
+
+When the if-clause has the present tense, the main clause uses the present or future tense. Note that the if-clause may come before or after the main clause.
+
+| If Clause | Main Clause |
+|---|---|
+| If the weather's good, | {we drive to the beach.}<br>{we're driving to the beach.}<br>{we'll drive to the beach.}<br>{we're going to drive to the beach.} |
+
+| Main Clause | If Clause |
+|---|---|
+| Tom {can} come | if he doesn't have to study. |
+| Tom {might} come | if he doesn't have to study. |
+| Tom {should} come | if he doesn't have to study. |
+| Tom {must} come | if he doesn't have to study. |
+| Tom {is able to} come | if he doesn't have to study. |
+
+| Main Clause (Questions) | If Clause |
+|---|---|
+| {Could you read} my paper | if you have time? |
+| {Will you read} my paper | if you have time? |
+| {Are you going to read} my paper | if you have time? |
+
+| If Clause | Main Clause (Questions) |
+|---|---|
+| If you finish early, | {how will you tell} me? |
+| If you finish early, | {what will you do?} |
+| If you finish early, | {where are you going?} |
+
+**Examples:**
+1. If you speed, {you will get} a ticket.
+2. Mike {must go} if he has a reservation.
+3. If the telephone rings, {can you answer} it?
+
+# Source: LLA 1A Figure 5
+$DIALOGUE If Sentences
+ID: 1a-f5
+INTRO: Listen to sentences with "if" and repeat them. Notice that the "if" part can come first or second — the meaning survives either way.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat each sentence.
+REPEAT
+
+LINE: If Carl finishes his homework, he'll come to the movie with us. {bk12-l1a-f5-01.mp3}
+LINE: Sam will pick Linda up if the plane arrives before eight o'clock. {bk12-l1a-f5-02.mp3}
+LINE: Greg will hurt his back if he slips on the ice. {bk12-l1a-f5-03.mp3}
+LINE: If it clears up, my family is going to the beach. {bk12-l1a-f5-04.mp3}
+LINE: Bobby won't be frightened to swim there if it's not too deep. {bk12-l1a-f5-05.mp3}
+
+# Source: ST §If..., I'll... / I'll... If...
+$DIALOGUE If..., I'll... / I'll... If...
+ID: l1-s21
+INTRO: The same sentence, said both ways round. Listen to each pair and repeat.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
+REPEAT
+
+LINE: If my friend doesn't like it, can I bring it back?
+LINE: Can I bring it back if my friend doesn't like it?
+
+LINE: If you keep your sales slip, you can bring this back.
+LINE: You can bring this back if you keep your sales slip.
+
+LINE: There's a hundred-dollar deposit if you have a dog.
+LINE: If you have a dog, there's a 100-dollar deposit.
+
+LINE: Do I have to pay the deposit if I have a bird?
+LINE: If I have a bird, do I have to pay the deposit?
+
+LINE: What will happen if I don't do well on this test?
+LINE: If I don't do well on this test, what will happen?
+
+LINE: If you don't pass, you'll have to take it again.
+LINE: You'll have to take it again if you don't pass.
+
+# Source: ST §If That Happens...
+$DIALOGUE If That Happens...
+ID: l1-s19
+INTRO: The weather is awful and Paul wants to leave anyway. Listen and repeat, and count how many "if"s two people can fit into one short conversation.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat the dialog.
+REPEAT
+
+VOCAB: if
+Jack: The weather's awful. If you're leaving, you should leave soon.
+Paul: Well, I expect to leave at noon if it clears up.
+Jack: If it starts freezing, it'll be dangerous.
+Paul: Right, but the police will close the roads if it gets too bad.
+Jack: What'll you do if that happens?
+Paul: Well, if they do that, I'll stop until it clears up.
+
+# Source: ST §What'll You Do If...?
+$DIALOGUE What'll You Do If...?
+ID: l1-s20
+INTRO: Two friends plan a vacation entirely out of "if" sentences. Listen and repeat.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat the dialog.
+REPEAT
+
+Bob: If you go on vacation this year, where do you think you'll go?
+Bill: If I go in the summer, I'll go to the beach.
+Bob: Where will you go if you go in the winter?
+Bill: Well, if that happens, then I'll go to the mountains.
+Bob: If you do that, I'd like to go with you.
+Bill: It'll be great if we can go together.
+
+# Source: LLA 1A Figure 6
+$SELECT Complete the If Sentence
+ID: 1a-f6
+INTRO: Listen to the first part of a sentence, tap the phrase that best completes it, then repeat the full sentence you hear.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap the matching phrase.
+REPEAT
+
+OPTION: a | if the car is in the garage?
+OPTION: b | if he studies hard.
+OPTION: c | if it stops raining.
+OPTION: d | we'll go out on the boat.
+OPTION: e | if you move that bookcase.
+OPTION: f | if the water is too deep.
+OPTION: g | if his mother is going to get angry.
+OPTION: h | if he gets a vacation.
+
+PROMPT: We will go to the beach. {bk12-l1a-f6-01.mp3}
+ANSWER: c
+FEEDBACK: We will go to the beach if it stops raining. {bk12-l1a-f6-01-fb.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Jeff's going to Miami. {bk12-l1a-f6-02.mp3}
+ANSWER: h
+FEEDBACK: Jeff's going to Miami if he gets a vacation. {bk12-l1a-f6-02-fb.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Sgt. Gates will pass the test. {bk12-l1a-f6-03.mp3}
+ANSWER: b
+FEEDBACK: Sgt. Gates will pass the test if he studies hard. {bk12-l1a-f6-03-fb.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: You'll hurt your back again. {bk12-l1a-f6-04.mp3}
+ANSWER: e
+FEEDBACK: You'll hurt your back again if you move that bookcase. {bk12-l1a-f6-04-fb.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Sam won't move to New York. {bk12-l1a-f6-05.mp3}
+ANSWER: g
+FEEDBACK: Sam won't move to New York if his mother is going to get angry. {bk12-l1a-f6-05-fb.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: How will Henry get to work? {bk12-l1a-f6-06.mp3}
+ANSWER: a
+FEEDBACK: How will Henry get to work if the car is in the garage? {bk12-l1a-f6-06-fb.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Mother won't let us swim there. {bk12-l1a-f6-07.mp3}
+ANSWER: f
+FEEDBACK: Mother won't let us swim there if the water is too deep. {bk12-l1a-f6-07-fb.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: If the weather clears up. {bk12-l1a-f6-08.mp3}
+ANSWER: d
+FEEDBACK: If the weather clears up, we'll go out on the boat. {bk12-l1a-f6-08-fb.mp3}
+
+# Source: ST §If You Think About It, You'll Answer Correctly.
+$SELECT If You Think About It
+ID: l1-s22
+INTRO: Match each sentence beginning with its logical ending. The title of this one in the book made a promise: if you think about it, you'll answer correctly.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap the ending that completes the sentence.
+OPTION: a | if the day is hot and humid.
+OPTION: b | if dangerous roads frighten you.
+OPTION: c | you should start studying your French.
+OPTION: d | you may break a bone.
+OPTION: e | you can swim in deep water.
+OPTION: f | please take a message.
+OPTION: g | if you sleep during class.
+OPTION: h | if it doesn't rain.
+OPTION: i | you'll never forget it.
+OPTION: j | we can't go to the beach this afternoon.
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: You shouldn't drive in the mountains
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: If you can swim well,
+ANSWER: e
+
+TEMPLATE: Don't expect to pass
+ANSWER: g
+
+TEMPLATE: The roads shouldn't be slippery
+ANSWER: h
+
+TEMPLATE: If you expect to go to France,
+ANSWER: c
+
+TEMPLATE: If we have to stay after class,
+ANSWER: j
+
+TEMPLATE: If you ever see that movie,
+ANSWER: i
+
+TEMPLATE: A cold drink tastes great
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: If you slip on the ice,
+ANSWER: d
+
+TEMPLATE: If someone calls,
+ANSWER: f
+
+# SKIPPED (tape): LLA 1A Figure 7 (Dictation) — missing audio transcript for Figure 7.
+# SKIPPED (book): "WHAT MIGHT/WILL/CAN HAPPEN IF . . . ?" — open, co-constructed pair task; no solo path.
+# SKIPPED (book): "READ AND LISTEN. TAKE NOTES. SUMMARIZE." — open paragraph summary writing (deferred).
+# SKIPPED (book): "READ AND LISTEN. UNDERLINE AND NUMBER." — passage annotation task (underline and number answers in text).
+
+$LESSON 1-4: Making Plans with If
+
+# Source: ST §If We Go to the Beach, We'll Have a Good Time
+$DIALOGUE If We Go to the Beach, We'll Have a Good Time {st-page_021_001.jpg}
+ID: l1-s12
+INTRO: In this part you'll use "if" to make real plans — starting with a beach trip that depends on the weather, a car, and five dollars. Read Bob and Don's negotiation.
+INSTRUCTION: Read the dialog.
+
+Bob: Let's go to the beach Saturday if the weather's good.
+Don: If it's raining Saturday, we can go Sunday.
+
+Bob: I won't be able to go if I have to work Sunday.
+Don: If we don't go this weekend, we can always go later.
+
+Bob: If we wait, we may not have good weather.
+Don: You're right. We should go Saturday if we can.
+
+# Source: ST §I'll Drive Mine If You Can't
+$PRODUCE I'll Drive Mine If You Can't
+ID: l1-s13
+INTRO: Bob and Don keep planning. Combine each pair of ideas into one sentence with "if", then say it aloud.
+INSTRUCTION: Make a new sentence using "if".
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+RUBRIC: The learner must combine the two ideas using "if" correctly.
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: Tom can't go. Let's ask Mark.
+RESPONSE: If Tom can't go, let's ask Mark.
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: We can ask Ken. Mark can't go.
+RESPONSE: We can ask Ken if Mark can't go.
+
+TEMPLATE: Don: I'd like to go to North Beach. It's not crowded.
+TEMPLATE: Bob: A lot of people are there. We can go to South Beach.
+RESPONSE: If a lot of people are there, we can go to South Beach.
+
+TEMPLATE: Don: I won't be able to drive. My dad needs the car.
+TEMPLATE: Bob: He does. We can use mine.
+RESPONSE: If he does, we can use mine.
+
+TEMPLATE: Don: Okay. You drive. I'll buy the gas.
+TEMPLATE: Bob: I'll buy some soft drinks. I have enough money.
+RESPONSE: I'll buy some soft drinks if I have enough money.
+
+TEMPLATE: Don: Do you think Tom will come? We ask him.
+TEMPLATE: Bob: He may. He doesn't have to study.
+RESPONSE: He may come if he doesn't have to study.
+
+TEMPLATE: Don: I can remember. I'll call and ask him tonight.
+TEMPLATE: Bob: You forget. I'll talk to him in class tomorrow.
+RESPONSE: If you forget, I'll talk to him in class tomorrow.
+
+# Source: ST §Shopping List
+$GRAMMAR The Shopping List
+ID: l1-s14
+INTRO: Bob and Don want food for the beach trip, and they have exactly five dollars. Here's the price list — the next two activities depend on it, so give it a look.
+
+Bob and Don want to buy food for their trip to the beach. They only have $5.00 to spend.
+
+| SHOPPING LIST | |
+|---|---|
+| sodas | $2.50 |
+| potato chips | $1.35 |
+| corn chips | $1.40 |
+| paper cups | $1.10 |
+| bread | $ .80 |
+| meat | $2.75 |
+| fruit | $2.00 |
+| ice | $ .75 |
+| cookies | $1.75 |
+
+# Source: ST §If They Buy Sodas, They Can Buy Paper Cups
+$PRODUCE If They Buy Sodas, They Can Buy Paper Cups
+ID: l1-s15
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: Five dollars doesn't stretch far. Check the list and say whether they can buy both things — a sentence with "if" each time.
+INSTRUCTION: Look at the list and make a sentence. Use "if" to say what they can or cannot buy.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+RUBRIC: The learner must form a conditional sentence showing whether they have enough money (under $5.00) to buy both sets of items.
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: sodas/potato chips
+RESPONSE: If they buy sodas, they can buy potato chips, too.
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: sodas and potato chips/corn chips
+RESPONSE: If they get sodas and potato chips, they can't get corn chips.
+
+TEMPLATE: sodas and ice/paper cups
+RESPONSE: If they buy sodas and ice, they can buy paper cups.
+
+TEMPLATE: sodas and fruit/paper cups
+RESPONSE: If they buy sodas and fruit, they can't buy paper cups.
+
+TEMPLATE: bread and meat/potato chips
+RESPONSE: If they buy bread and meat, they can buy potato chips.
+
+TEMPLATE: sodas/meat
+RESPONSE: If they buy sodas, they can't buy meat.
+
+TEMPLATE: fruit/cookies
+RESPONSE: If they buy fruit, they can buy cookies.
+
+TEMPLATE: meat and bread/fruit
+RESPONSE: If they buy meat and bread, they can't buy fruit.
+
+TEMPLATE: potato chips/meat
+RESPONSE: If they buy potato chips, they can buy meat.
+
+TEMPLATE: cookies/bread and meat
+RESPONSE: If they buy cookies, they can't buy bread and meat.
+
+TEMPLATE: paper cups and ice/sodas and corn chips
+RESPONSE: If they buy paper cups and ice, they can't buy sodas and corn chips.
+
+# Source: ST §Ask and Answer About the List
+$PRODUCE Ask and Answer About the List
+ID: l1-s16
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: Same list, same five dollars — but now you ask the question and answer it too. Do the math before you commit.
+INSTRUCTION: Ask and answer questions about the shopping list using "if".
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+RUBRIC: The learner must form a yes/no question using "if", then answer correctly based on the $5.00 budget.
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: fruit/meat
+RESPONSE: Can they buy fruit if they buy meat? Yes, they can.
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: fruit/cookies and corn chips
+RESPONSE: Can they get fruit if they get cookies and corn chips? No, they can't.
+
+TEMPLATE: meat/bread and potato chips
+RESPONSE: Can they buy meat if they buy bread and potato chips? Yes, they can.
+
+TEMPLATE: potato chips and corn chips/cookies
+RESPONSE: Can they buy potato chips and corn chips if they buy cookies? Yes, they can.
+
+TEMPLATE: bread and fruit/sodas and ice
+RESPONSE: Can they buy bread and fruit if they buy sodas and ice? No, they can't.
+
+TEMPLATE: potato chips and bread/fruit and ice
+RESPONSE: Can they buy potato chips and bread if they buy fruit and ice? Yes, they can.
+
+TEMPLATE: sodas, ice, and paper cups/anything else
+RESPONSE: Can they buy sodas, ice, and paper cups if they buy anything else? No, they can't.
+
+# Source: ST §What Will Happen If...
+$PRODUCE What Will Happen If...?
+ID: l1-s17
+INTRO: You'll see pictures of people about to make questionable decisions. Ask what will happen if they do — or don't — and answer with the second phrase.
+INSTRUCTION: Ask and answer questions about the pictures. Use the underlined words and "if".
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+RUBRIC: The learner must ask "What will happen if...?" using the first phrase, and answer using the second phrase.
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: Ken wants to *try to pass the truck*. He can't see over the hill. *He'll hit the other car.* {st-page_025_001.jpg}
+RESPONSE: What will happen if Ken tries to pass the truck? If Ken tries to pass the truck, he'll hit the other car.
+
+TEMPLATE: Grace should *slow down*. *The policeman will give her a ticket.* {st-page_025_002.jpg}
+RESPONSE: What will happen if Grace doesn't slow down? If she doesn't slow down, the policeman will give her a ticket.
+
+TEMPLATE: Carmen has to *be careful*. *She may slip on the ice and fall.* {st-page_025_003.jpg}
+RESPONSE: What will happen if Carmen isn't careful? If she isn't careful, she may slip on the ice and fall.
+
+TEMPLATE: Jim and Ted *might have to walk to school*. *They need to hurry.* {st-page_026_001.jpg}
+RESPONSE: What will happen if Jim and Ted don't hurry? They might have to walk to school if they don't hurry.
+
+TEMPLATE: Bob *doesn't think that he has enough cash*. *He will have to write a check.* {st-page_026_002.jpg}
+RESPONSE: What will happen if Bob doesn't have enough cash? If he doesn't have enough cash, he will have to write a check.
+
+# Source: LLA 1D Figure 1 (dialogue 1)
+$DIALOGUE Roger's Soccer Game
+ID: 1d-f1
+INTRO: Roger wants to play soccer at 3:30 — if his homework cooperates. Listen closely and take notes; questions follow, and every answer hangs on an "if".
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.
+
+Friend: There's a soccer game at 3:30 today, and we need another player, Roger. {bk12-l1d-f1-01.mp3}
+Roger: If I finish my homework, I might be able to play. {bk12-l1d-f1-02.mp3}
+Friend: Start on your homework right after class. {bk12-l1d-f1-03.mp3}
+Roger: Okay, I will. But if I play, I'll have to walk to the game. I don't have a car. {bk12-l1d-f1-04.mp3}
+Friend: I'll drive if you can go. {bk12-l1d-f1-05.mp3}
+Roger: Okay. I'll see you at 2:45 if I can go. {bk12-l1d-f1-06.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 1D Figure 1 (questions 1)
+$PRODUCE Questions About Roger
+ID: 1d-f1-b
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: Now answer questions about Roger's plans. Type a complete sentence with "if", then listen to the correct answer and repeat it.
+INSTRUCTION: Type your answer in a complete sentence using "if".
+INPUT: type
+CHECK: llm
+REPEAT
+RUBRIC: The learner must answer in a complete sentence using "if". Treat the model answer as the factual key; accept reasonable variants of the same fact.
+
+PROMPT: Can Roger play soccer at 3:30? {bk12-l1d-f1-07-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Yes, he can if he finishes his homework. {bk12-l1d-f1-07-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: How will Roger get to the game? {bk12-l1d-f1-08-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: His friend will drive if he can go. {bk12-l1d-f1-08-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: What time will they meet? {bk12-l1d-f1-09-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: If Roger can go, he'll meet his friend at 2:45. {bk12-l1d-f1-09-a.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 1D Figure 1 (dialogue 2)
+$DIALOGUE Henry's Trip
+ID: 1d-f1-c
+INTRO: Henry is packing for a trip, and Pete has a small shopping request. Listen and take notes — questions follow.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.
+
+Pete: Are you still packing, Henry? {bk12-l1d-f1-10.mp3}
+Henry: Yes. If I don't finish tonight, I won't be able to leave at 7:30 tomorrow morning. {bk12-l1d-f1-11.mp3}
+Pete: Could you buy something for my kids if I give you the money? {bk12-l1d-f1-12.mp3}
+Henry: You may not have to give me any money if the things are cheap, Pete. {bk12-l1d-f1-13.mp3}
+Pete: That's great. Okay. Tell me if I owe you any money. {bk12-l1d-f1-14.mp3}
+Henry: Sure. No problem. {bk12-l1d-f1-15.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 1D Figure 1 (questions 2)
+$PRODUCE Questions About Henry
+ID: 1d-f1-d
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: Answer questions about Henry and Pete. Type a complete sentence with "if", then listen to the correct answer and repeat it.
+INSTRUCTION: Type your answer in a complete sentence using "if".
+INPUT: type
+CHECK: llm
+REPEAT
+RUBRIC: The learner must answer in a complete sentence using "if". Treat the model answer as the factual key; accept reasonable variants of the same fact.
+
+PROMPT: Why must Henry finish packing tonight? {bk12-l1d-f1-16-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: If he doesn't finish tonight, he won't be able to leave at 7:30. {bk12-l1d-f1-16-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Will Pete have to give Henry any money if the things for the children are cheap? {bk12-l1d-f1-17-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: No, Pete won't have to give Henry any money if the things for the children are cheap. {bk12-l1d-f1-17-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: What will Henry tell Pete? {bk12-l1d-f1-18-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Henry will tell Pete if he owes him any money. {bk12-l1d-f1-18-a.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 1D Figure 1 (dialogue 3)
+$DIALOGUE Sarah's Leave
+ID: 1d-f1-e
+INTRO: Sarah is working late so tomorrow can be a day off — lake if it's sunny, mall if it rains. Listen and take notes; the questions are next.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.
+
+Friend: Why are you still here, Sarah? {bk12-l1d-f1-19.mp3}
+Sarah: I have to stay late if I want to take leave tomorrow. {bk12-l1d-f1-20.mp3}
+Friend: What are you going to do tomorrow? {bk12-l1d-f1-21.mp3}
+Sarah: If the weather is nice, I'm going to the lake. If it rains, I'm going to the mall. {bk12-l1d-f1-22.mp3}
+Friend: That sounds like fun. Have a good time. {bk12-l1d-f1-23.mp3}
+Sarah: I will, if I finish my work today. {bk12-l1d-f1-24.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 1D Figure 1 (questions 3)
+$PRODUCE Questions About Sarah
+ID: 1d-f1-f
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: Last set: answer questions about Sarah's plans. Type a complete sentence with "if", then listen to the correct answer and repeat it.
+INSTRUCTION: Type your answer in a complete sentence using "if".
+INPUT: type
+CHECK: llm
+REPEAT
+RUBRIC: The learner must answer in a complete sentence using "if". Treat the model answer as the factual key; accept reasonable variants of the same fact.
+
+PROMPT: Why does Sarah have to stay late? {bk12-l1d-f1-25-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: She has to stay late if she wants leave tomorrow. {bk12-l1d-f1-25-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: What will Sarah do tomorrow? {bk12-l1d-f1-26-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: If the weather is nice, she's going to the lake. If it rains, she's going to the mall. {bk12-l1d-f1-26-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Will Sarah have fun? {bk12-l1d-f1-27-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Yes, she will if she finishes her work. {bk12-l1d-f1-27-a.mp3}
+
+$LESSON 1-5: The Present Perfect
+
+# Source: ST §Present Perfect (grammar)
+$GRAMMAR The Present Perfect Tense
+ID: l1-s23
+INTRO: One more pattern for this lesson: the present perfect — "have" or "has" plus the past participle. Use it for things that started in the past and are still true, or happened at no particular time.
+
+| | | | |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| I / We / You / They | have / haven't | studied | all afternoon. |
+| He / She | has / hasn't | studied | all afternoon. |
+
+| | | | |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| Have | I / we / you / they | studied | all afternoon? |
+| Has | he / she | studied | all afternoon? |
+
+The present perfect tense is formed with **have** or **has** + **the past participle** of the verb. With regular verbs, the past participle is formed by adding **-ed** to the verb. With irregular verbs, the past participle changes its form.
+
+**COMPARISON OF PAST TENSE AND PRESENT PERFECT TENSE:**
+We use **past tense** to describe situations that happened at a **definite time** in the past.
+We use **present perfect tense** to describe situations that have happened at an **indefinite time** (or times) in the past, or situations that have begun in the past and have continued to the present.
+
+# Source: LLA 1B Listening/Speaking 2
+$DIALOGUE Present Perfect Sentences
+ID: 1b-ls2
+INTRO: Now hear the pattern in action. Listen to each sentence and repeat it — notice "for", "since", and the participle after "has" or "have".
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
+REPEAT
+
+LINE: Betty hasn't seen her sister for 5 weeks. {bk12-l1b-f3-06.mp3}
+LINE: Lieutenant Martin has eaten here every Friday since 1984. {bk12-l1b-f3-07.mp3}
+LINE: Peters lived in San Francisco for 3 years. {bk12-l1b-f3-08.mp3}
+LINE: Tom hasn't exercised for 2 months. {bk12-l1b-f3-09.mp3}
+LINE: The soldiers have enjoyed this show for years. {bk12-l1b-f3-10.mp3}
+LINE: Sergeant Peterson has walked to work since his car has been in the garage. {bk12-l1b-f3-11.mp3}
+LINE: Mike hasn't studied French for 15 years. {bk12-l1b-f3-12.mp3}
+LINE: Sandy has had that job since Mr. Adams left. {bk12-l1b-f3-13.mp3}
+
+# Source: ST §How Long Has the Engine Sounded Like This?
+$DIALOGUE How Long Has the Engine Sounded Like This?
+ID: l1-s24
+INTRO: A noisy engine and a tight skirt — two mysteries, both solved with the present perfect. Read the dialogs.
+INSTRUCTION: Read the dialogs.
+
+Dale: How long has your car's engine sounded this way?
+Gene: I've heard that noise for a week or two, I guess.
+Dale: How long has it been since someone put oil in it?
+Gene: I don't think anyone has done it for several months.
+
+Lynn: This skirt has gotten tighter every week!
+Gwen: Have you washed it often since you bought it?
+Lynn: No, I haven't. I've dry-cleaned it since it was new.
+Gwen: Well, maybe you've eaten too much since then.
+
+LINE: Pam has had that library book for a month.
+LINE: Jack has been in Los Angeles since last summer.
+LINE: The Millers have had their house for five years.
+
+# Source: ST §Phil Has Lived There For Two Years.
+$DIALOGUE Phil Has Lived There for Two Years
+ID: l1-s25
+INTRO: Here's the key difference in three sentences: past tense means it's over; present perfect means it's still going. Read them carefully.
+INSTRUCTION: Read the sentences.
+
+LINE: Phil lived in Chicago for two years. He doesn't live there now.
+LINE: Phil has lived in Houston for two years. He still lives there.
+LINE: Phil has lived in Houston since 1985. He still lives there.
+
+# Source: LLA 1B Figure 4
+$PRODUCE Answer with the Present Perfect
+ID: 1b-f4
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: Listen to each question and answer it aloud using the cue on the screen. The present perfect is the point — mind your "have" and "has".
+INSTRUCTION: Answer the question aloud using the cue.
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: five years
+PROMPT: How long have you known Captain Jackson? {bk12-l1b-f4-ex.mp3}
+RESPONSE: I've known Captain Jackson for five years.
+
+TEMPLATE: no
+PROMPT: Have you ever driven to Boston? {bk12-l1b-f4-01.mp3}
+RESPONSE: No, I have never driven to Boston.
+
+TEMPLATE: no, Italian
+PROMPT: Has John ever studied German? {bk12-l1b-f4-02.mp3}
+RESPONSE: No, he has studied Italian.
+
+TEMPLATE: no, last Wednesday
+PROMPT: Has Ted exercised in the gym? {bk12-l1b-f4-03.mp3}
+RESPONSE: No, he hasn't exercised in the gym since last Wednesday.
+
+TEMPLATE: yes, two years
+PROMPT: Has Ms. Wilson taught English for a long time? {bk12-l1b-f4-04.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Yes, she has taught English for two years.
+
+TEMPLATE: no, since he bought the car
+PROMPT: Has your brother been saving his money? {bk12-l1b-f4-05.mp3}
+RESPONSE: No, he hasn't been saving his money since he bought the car.
+
+TEMPLATE: no, two weeks
+PROMPT: Have you seen your brother? {bk12-l1b-f4-06.mp3}
+RESPONSE: No, I haven't seen my brother for two weeks.
+
+TEMPLATE: yes, since it started
+PROMPT: Have you been listening to this tape? {bk12-l1b-f4-07.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Yes, I have been listening to this tape since it started.
+
+# Source: ST §Lt Elton Hasn't Gotten a New Uniform Since Last Year
+$PRODUCE Complete with the Present Perfect
+ID: l1-s26
+INTRO: Now write the forms. Type the present perfect of the verb in parentheses to complete each sentence.
+INSTRUCTION: Complete the sentence using the present perfect tense of the verb.
+INPUT: type
+CHECK: exact
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: Edna ____{has known} Dave for 20 years. (know)
+RESPONSE: Edna has known Dave for 20 years.
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: Rose and Adam ____{have not taken} any tests this week. (not take)
+RESPONSE: Rose and Adam have not taken any tests this week.
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: ____{Has} Marta ____{eaten} anything this morning? (eat)
+RESPONSE: Has Marta eaten anything this morning?
+
+TEMPLATE: ____{Has} Emily ____{taken} her medicine today? (take)
+RESPONSE: Has Emily taken her medicine today?
+
+TEMPLATE: Joe ____{has known} Paul's secret for 11 years. (know)
+RESPONSE: Joe has known Paul's secret for 11 years.
+
+TEMPLATE: Henry ____{has not spoken} Spanish since he left Spain. (not speak)
+RESPONSE: Henry has not spoken Spanish since he left Spain.
+ACCEPT: has not spoken | hasn't spoken
+
+TEMPLATE: Iris ____{has written} magazine articles for many years. (write)
+RESPONSE: Iris has written magazine articles for many years.
+
+TEMPLATE: Sidney ____{has driven} the same car since he was 18. (drive)
+RESPONSE: Sidney has driven the same car since he was 18.
+
+TEMPLATE: We ____{have not eaten} at Ernie's Place since last summer. (not eat)
+RESPONSE: We have not eaten at Ernie's Place since last summer.
+ACCEPT: have not eaten | haven't eaten
+
+TEMPLATE: ____{Has} Sal ____{worn} the same dress everywhere she's been? (wear)
+RESPONSE: Has Sal worn the same dress everywhere she's been?
+
+TEMPLATE: Erica ____{has gotten} earaches every winter for 8 years. (get)
+RESPONSE: Erica has gotten earaches every winter for 8 years.
+ACCEPT: has gotten | has got
+
+TEMPLATE: Chuck ____{has not done} his homework since he broke his elbow. (not do)
+RESPONSE: Chuck has not done his homework since he broke his elbow.
+ACCEPT: has not done | hasn't done
+
+TEMPLATE: ____{Has} Al ____{flown} for Sky Way Airlines since he left the Air Force? (fly)
+RESPONSE: Has Al flown for Sky Way Airlines since he left the Air Force?
+
+# Source: ST §Fred Has Flown Fast Airplanes For Fourteen Years
+$PRODUCE Make It Present Perfect — For or Since
+ID: l1-s27
+INTRO: You'll hear a sentence in the present tense. Say it again in the present perfect, adding the time phrase on the screen with "for" or "since".
+INSTRUCTION: Make a new sentence using the present perfect tense and "for" or "since".
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+
+EXAMPLE
+PROMPT: Charles drives a taxi in Chicago.
+TEMPLATE: for three years
+RESPONSE: Charles has driven a taxi in Chicago for three years.
+
+EXAMPLE
+PROMPT: Those salesmen don't work here.
+TEMPLATE: since June
+RESPONSE: Those salesmen haven't worked here since June.
+
+PROMPT: Frank feels sick.
+TEMPLATE: since yesterday
+RESPONSE: Frank has felt sick since yesterday.
+
+PROMPT: Dick and Jane want a dog.
+TEMPLATE: for six months
+RESPONSE: Dick and Jane have wanted a dog for six months.
+
+PROMPT: The baby is not sleeping well.
+TEMPLATE: since 8:30
+RESPONSE: The baby hasn't slept well since 8:30.
+
+PROMPT: Anne intends to take a vacation.
+TEMPLATE: for two weeks
+RESPONSE: Anne has intended to take a vacation for two weeks.
+
+PROMPT: Cory does not exercise regularly.
+TEMPLATE: since last week
+RESPONSE: Cory hasn't exercised regularly since last week.
+
+PROMPT: The students use these books.
+TEMPLATE: for three years
+RESPONSE: The students have used these books for three years.
+
+# Source: ST §Has Kevin Worked Here For a Long Time?
+$PRODUCE Has He Lived There Long?
+ID: l1-s28
+INTRO: Read each little exchange, then ask a yes/no question about the underlined verb in the present perfect — and answer it yourself.
+INSTRUCTION: Ask and answer a question about the dialog using the underlined word.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+RUBRIC: The learner must form a yes/no question in the present perfect tense based on the dialog, and answer it correctly.
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: Ted: How do you like Houston? Lee: I'm not sure. I've just *lived* here since May.
+RESPONSE: Has Ted lived in Houston since May? Yes, he has.
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: Lee: Have you been here for a long time? Ted: No, I've only *lived* in Houston for a year.
+RESPONSE: Has Ted lived in Houston for a long time? No, he hasn't. He's only lived there for a year.
+
+TEMPLATE: Mike: Have you *known* Trudy very long? Luis: I've known her since she was a child.
+RESPONSE: Has Luis known Trudy very long? Yes, he has known her since she was a child.
+
+TEMPLATE: Mike: Dale says he's *known* Trudy for a long time too. Luis: That's not true. He met her at the beach last month.
+RESPONSE: Has Dale known Trudy for a long time? No, he hasn't. He has only known her since last month.
+
+TEMPLATE: Kate: How long have you and Ron *owned* this house? Jane: Not long. Just since last summer.
+RESPONSE: Have Jane and Ron owned this house for a long time? No, they haven't. They've only owned it since last summer.
+
+TEMPLATE: Jane: Did you and Joe buy your house when you got married? Kate: Yes. We've *owned* it since 1982.
+RESPONSE: Have Kate and Joe owned their house since 1982? Yes, they have.
+
+TEMPLATE: Al: How have you *felt* this week? Ed: Not good. I've been tired for several days.
+RESPONSE: Has Ed felt good this week? No, he hasn't.
+
+TEMPLATE: Al: How have you *felt* since you started going to the gym? Ed: I've felt great since I started going there every day.
+RESPONSE: Has Ed felt great since he started going to the gym? Yes, he has.
+
+# Source: ST §Daisy and Donald Have Needed a New Car for Years
+$DIALOGUE Daisy and Donald Have Needed a New Car
+ID: l1-s29
+INTRO: Daisy and Donald have driven the same old car since they were married, and the repair bills have finally won. Read the story — questions follow.
+INSTRUCTION: Read the paragraphs.
+
+LINE: Daisy and Donald have wanted to buy a new car for a long time.
+LINE: They have driven Donald's old car since they were married.
+LINE: During the last year, they've had large auto repair bills almost every month.
+LINE: For the last few weeks, they have thought about borrowing the money to buy a new car.
+LINE: They have talked for several days with Hubert D. Louis.
+LINE: Hubert is a nephew of Donald's who has worked at the Golden State Bank for 20 years.
+LINE: He has known Donald and Daisy since he was a child.
+LINE: Donald and Daisy have lived in Los Angeles near Hubert and his brothers for many years and have always worked for the Easy Entertainment Company.
+LINE: Hubert has felt that his uncle's old car was too crowded ever since Donald got it. He is happy to lend Donald and Daisy the money for a new one.
+
+# Source: ST §Answer About Daisy and Donald
+$PRODUCE Questions About Daisy and Donald
+ID: l1-s30
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: Now use the story. Read each sentence, ask a question with the cue word in the present perfect, then answer it. You can look back at the story if the repair bills got blurry.
+INSTRUCTION: Ask a question about the story using the cue word, then answer it using the present perfect tense.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+SHOW_PROMPT
+RUBRIC: The learner must form a question starting with the cue word in the present perfect tense, and answer it accurately according to the story.
+
+EXAMPLE
+PROMPT: Donald has needed a new car for many years. (who)
+RESPONSE: Who has needed a new car for many years? Donald.
+
+PROMPT: They have driven Donald's old car since they were married. (how long)
+RESPONSE: How long have they driven Donald's old car? They have driven it since they were married.
+
+PROMPT: For the last few weeks, they have thought about borrowing the money. (what)
+RESPONSE: What have they thought about for the last few weeks? They have thought about borrowing the money.
+
+PROMPT: Hubert has worked at the Golden State Bank for 20 years. (where)
+RESPONSE: Where has Hubert worked for 20 years? He has worked at the Golden State Bank.
+
+PROMPT: Donald and Daisy have lived in Los Angeles near Hubert for many years. (how long)
+RESPONSE: How long have Donald and Daisy lived in Los Angeles? They have lived there for many years.
+
+PROMPT: Hubert has felt that his uncle's old car was too crowded. (what)
+RESPONSE: What has Hubert felt about his uncle's old car? He has felt that it was too crowded.
+
+# SKIPPED (book): "SUMMARIES" — open paragraph summarization task; deferred as out of scope.
+
+$LESSON 1-6: Numbers, Sounds, and Word Meanings
+
+# Source: LLA 1D Figure 2
+$PRODUCE Number Dictation
+ID: 1d-f2
+INTRO: This last part sharpens your ears and eyes. First, dictation: listen to each sentence and type the missing number — birthdays and grandchildren included.
+INSTRUCTION: Type the missing number.
+INPUT: type
+CHECK: exact
+
+TEMPLATE: My brother was born in ____.
+PROMPT: My brother was born in 1947. {bk12-l1d-f2-01.mp3}
+RESPONSE: My brother was born in 1947.
+ACCEPT: 1947
+
+TEMPLATE: He has spent the last ____ years in the United States Navy.
+PROMPT: He has spent the last 15 years in the United States Navy. {bk12-l1d-f2-02.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He has spent the last 15 years in the United States Navy.
+ACCEPT: 15 | fifteen
+
+TEMPLATE: ____{3|three} years of that time have been spent in Japan, ____{4|four} years in Guam, and ____{3|three} years in Spain.
+PROMPT: Three years of that time have been spent in Japan, 4 years in Guam, and 3 years in Spain. {bk12-l1d-f2-03.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Three years of that time have been spent in Japan, 4 years in Guam, and 3 years in Spain.
+
+TEMPLATE: He will be in the Navy for ____ more years.
+PROMPT: He will be in the Navy for 5 more years. {bk12-l1d-f2-04.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He will be in the Navy for 5 more years.
+ACCEPT: 5 | five
+
+TEMPLATE: After that, he'll probably spend ____ more years in another job.
+PROMPT: After that, he'll probably spend 20 more years in another job. {bk12-l1d-f2-05.mp3}
+RESPONSE: After that, he'll probably spend 20 more years in another job.
+ACCEPT: 20 | twenty
+
+TEMPLATE: March ____ is my grandfather's birthday.
+PROMPT: March 27 is my grandfather's birthday. {bk12-l1d-f2-06.mp3}
+RESPONSE: March 27 is my grandfather's birthday.
+ACCEPT: 27 | 27th | twenty-seven
+
+TEMPLATE: He will be ____ years old.
+PROMPT: He will be 72 years old. {bk12-l1d-f2-07.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He will be 72 years old.
+ACCEPT: 72 | seventy-two
+
+TEMPLATE: We are having a party for him.
+TEMPLATE: His ____{3|three} sisters, ____{2|two} brothers, ____{5|five} children, and ____{10|ten} grandchildren will be there.
+PROMPT: We are having a party for him. His 3 sisters, 2 brothers, 5 children, and 10 grandchildren will be there. {bk12-l1d-f2-08.mp3}
+RESPONSE: We are having a party for him. His 3 sisters, 2 brothers, 5 children, and 10 grandchildren will be there.
+
+TEMPLATE: There will also be at least ____ other people there.
+PROMPT: There will also be at least 15 other people there. {bk12-l1d-f2-09.mp3}
+RESPONSE: There will also be at least 15 other people there.
+ACCEPT: 15 | fifteen
+
+# Source: ST §How Do We Say It?
+$SELECT How Do We Say It?
+ID: l1-s6
+INTRO: English spelling and English sounds are old enemies. For each key word, tap the word whose underlined part makes the same sound as the underlined part of the key word.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap the word that has the same sound as the underlined part of the key word.
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: l*au*gh
+OPTION: a | fr*ie*nd
+OPTION: b | d*o*g
+OPTION: c | m*a*tch
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: *ex*change
+OPTION: a | e*g*g
+OPTION: b | *ex*ercise
+OPTION: c | e*s*calator
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: *c*ould
+OPTION: a | *c*oin
+OPTION: b | *s*hop
+OPTION: c | *r*ice
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: cau*ti*on
+OPTION: a | *sh*op
+OPTION: b | *ch*icken
+OPTION: c | *s*on
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: en*g*ine
+OPTION: a | *j*ump
+OPTION: b | *g*o
+OPTION: c | *c*atch
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: fre*qu*ently
+OPTION: a | *qu*iet
+OPTION: b | *c*an
+OPTION: c | *k*ey
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: instru*c*tor
+OPTION: a | *k*eep
+OPTION: b | *c*ertain
+OPTION: c | *s*o
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: ho*s*e
+OPTION: a | *n*ose
+OPTION: b | *p*ass
+OPTION: c | *sh*op
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: commer*ci*al
+OPTION: a | *sh*ould
+OPTION: b | *ch*ip
+OPTION: c | *s*o
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: cau*ti*ous
+OPTION: a | *sh*arp
+OPTION: b | *ch*eck
+OPTION: c | *s*erve
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: ser*v*ice
+OPTION: a | *f*eel
+OPTION: b | *b*ig
+OPTION: c | *v*ehicle
+ANSWER: c
+
+TEMPLATE: di*sh*
+OPTION: a | *w*rench
+OPTION: b | *sh*oe
+OPTION: c | *s*ome
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: a*ch*e
+OPTION: a | *ch*icken
+OPTION: b | *c*ake
+OPTION: c | *sh*op
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: l*o*ve
+OPTION: a | b*o*ther
+OPTION: b | v*e*nding
+OPTION: c | *u*p
+ANSWER: c
+
+TEMPLATE: be*c*ome
+OPTION: a | *c*ool
+OPTION: b | *r*eceive
+OPTION: c | *t*each
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: pa*ti*ent
+OPTION: a | *sh*ine
+OPTION: b | *t*ime
+OPTION: c | *s*o
+ANSWER: a
+
+# Source: ST §The Word May Be... Is Not... Is...
+$PRODUCE The Word May Be... Is Not... Is...
+ID: l1-s18
+INTRO: You can often guess a word's meaning from the words around it — the more context, the surer you get. Read each sentence and type "may be", "is not", or "is" for each idea. That's the last activity of this lesson — nicely done.
+INSTRUCTION: Read the sentence. Use the other words in the sentence to find what the underlined word means. Type "may be", "is not", or "is" for each option.
+INPUT: type
+CHECK: exact
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: Bill uses a *locker*.
+TEMPLATE: ____{may be} a small closet.
+TEMPLATE: ____{may be} a paint brush.
+TEMPLATE: ____{may be} a basketball.
+RESPONSE: may be a small closet. may be a paint brush. may be a basketball.
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: Bill uses a *locker* at the gym.
+TEMPLATE: ____{may be} a small closet.
+TEMPLATE: ____{is not} a paint brush.
+TEMPLATE: ____{may be} a basketball.
+RESPONSE: may be a small closet. is not a paint brush. may be a basketball.
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: Bill uses a *locker* at the gym to keep his clothes in while he swims.
+TEMPLATE: ____{is} a small closet.
+TEMPLATE: ____{is not} a paint brush.
+TEMPLATE: ____{is not} a basketball.
+RESPONSE: is a small closet. is not a paint brush. is not a basketball.
+
+TEMPLATE: Mark went to a *stadium*.
+TEMPLATE: ____{may be} a shopping center.
+TEMPLATE: ____{may be} a place to watch sports.
+TEMPLATE: ____{may be} an airport.
+RESPONSE: may be a shopping center. may be a place to watch sports. may be an airport.
+
+TEMPLATE: Mark went to a *stadium* and bought a ticket.
+TEMPLATE: ____{may be} a shopping center.
+TEMPLATE: ____{may be} a place to watch sports.
+TEMPLATE: ____{may be} an airport.
+RESPONSE: may be a shopping center. may be a place to watch sports. may be an airport.
+
+TEMPLATE: Mark went to a *stadium* and bought a ticket for a football game.
+TEMPLATE: ____{is not} a shopping center.
+TEMPLATE: ____{is} a place to watch sports.
+TEMPLATE: ____{is not} an airport.
+RESPONSE: is not a shopping center. is a place to watch sports. is not an airport.
+
+TEMPLATE: Ellen bought a *candle*.
+TEMPLATE: ____{may be} something to make light.
+TEMPLATE: ____{may be} something to sit on.
+TEMPLATE: ____{may be} something to drive.
+RESPONSE: may be something to make light. may be something to sit on. may be something to drive.
+
+TEMPLATE: Ellen bought a *candle* for the house.
+TEMPLATE: ____{may be} something to make light.
+TEMPLATE: ____{may be} something to sit on.
+TEMPLATE: ____{is not} something to drive.
+RESPONSE: may be something to make light. may be something to sit on. is not something to drive.
+
+TEMPLATE: Ellen bought a *candle* for the house for whenever the lights go out.
+TEMPLATE: ____{is} something to make light.
+TEMPLATE: ____{is not} something to sit on.
+TEMPLATE: ____{is not} something to drive.
+RESPONSE: is something to make light. is not something to sit on. is not something to drive.
+
+TEMPLATE: Tom has a *condominium*.
+TEMPLATE: ____{may be} a headache.
+TEMPLATE: ____{may be} a job.
+TEMPLATE: ____{may be} an apartment.
+RESPONSE: may be a headache. may be a job. may be an apartment.
+
+TEMPLATE: Tom has a *condominium* in California.
+TEMPLATE: ____{is not} a headache.
+TEMPLATE: ____{may be} a job.
+TEMPLATE: ____{may be} an apartment.
+RESPONSE: is not a headache. may be a job. may be an apartment.
+
+TEMPLATE: Tom has a *condominium* in California which he lives in during the summers.
+TEMPLATE: ____{is not} a headache.
+TEMPLATE: ____{is not} a job.
+TEMPLATE: ____{is} an apartment.
+RESPONSE: is not a headache. is not a job. is an apartment.
diff --git a/book-12-lesson-1/bk12-l1a-f1-01-a.mp3 b/book-12-lesson-1/bk12-l1a-f1-01-a.mp3
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+$MODULE Book 12 · Lesson 2: I've Made Up My Mind {st-page_043_001.jpg}
+FORMAT: 2
+DESCRIPTION: Education, careers, and decisions — plus already, still, yet, anymore, any longer, and no longer; the present perfect tense; and combining sentences with so and or.
+TARGET_LANG_G: en
+HOME_LANG_G: en
+VOICE_DEFAULT: aoede | Clear, friendly American English narrator
+VOICE_PROMPT: gacrux | Questions and cues, read clearly
+VOICE_RESPONSE: schedar | Model answers, warm and clear
+VOICE: Sam | achernar | Male student
+VOICE: Mark | schedar | Male student
+VOICE: Jack | achernar | Male speaker
+VOICE: Mike | schedar | Male speaker
+VOICE: Don | schedar | Male speaker
+VOICE: Son | achird | Male
+VOICE: Mom | gacrux | Female
+VOICE: Glen | achernar | Male
+VOICE: Tony | schedar | Male
+VOICE: Dan | achernar | Male speaker
+VOICE: Paula | aoede | Female speaker
+VOICE: Clerk | aoede | Female speaker
+VOICE: Maria | schedar | Female speaker
+VOICE: Steven | achernar | Male speaker
+VOICE: Waiter | achird | Male speaker
+VOICE: Tommy | achird | Young male speaker
+VOICE: Mother | aoede | Female speaker
+VOICE: Joe | achird | Male speaker
+VOICE: Tim | achernar | Male speaker
+VOICE: ID | achernar | speaker (auto)
+VOICE: Narrator | achird | speaker (auto)
+
+$LESSON 2-1: Education and College Decisions
+
+# Source: ST §Education in the U.S. (chart)
+$GRAMMAR Education in the U.S.
+ID: l2-s1
+INTRO: In this lesson you'll learn to talk about education, careers, and big decisions — and to say what you've already done, what you haven't done yet, and what you no longer do. First, here's how American schools fit together, from kindergarten all the way to a Ph.D.
+
+Here is the American school system at a glance:
+
+| SCHOOL | GRADES | DEGREE |
+|---|---|---|
+| Kindergarten | | |
+| Elementary | 1st-5th | |
+| Middle | 6th-8th | |
+| High | 9th-12th | diploma |
+
+**Technical School**
+May offer associate degrees, Electronics, Mechanics, Computers, etc.
+
+| College | |
+|---|---|
+| **time** | **degree** |
+| 2 yr | associate |
+| 4 yr | bachelor |
+
+| University | |
+|---|---|
+| **time** | **degree** |
+| 4-5 yr | bachelor |
+| 2-3 yr | master |
+| 3-8 yr | Ph.D. |
+
+(Medical School follows a bachelor degree.)
+
+# Source: ST §Education in the U.S. (sentences)
+$DIALOGUE Schools and Degrees
+ID: l2-s2
+INTRO: Now let's put those school words into sentences. Listen and repeat each one.
+INSTRUCTION: Repeat and read the words and sentences.
+REPEAT
+
+VOCAB: high school
+VOCAB: diploma
+LINE: Students who finish high school receive a high school diploma.
+
+VOCAB: technical school
+LINE: Students who want to study mechanics may go to a technical school.
+
+VOCAB: college
+VOCAB: offer
+VOCAB: degree
+LINE: A college offers two kinds of degrees.
+
+VOCAB: university
+VOCAB: field
+LINE: A university offers degrees in many fields.
+
+LINE: Medicine, business, and education are some fields you can study.
+
+VOCAB: medical school
+LINE: Students who want to become doctors go to medical school.
+
+# Source: ST §Choose the Best Answer
+$SELECT Check: Schools and Degrees
+ID: l2-s3
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: A quick check on the American school system. Tap the best answer — and if you're not sure, you can look back at the sentences.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct answer.
+
+TEMPLATE: When do students receive a diploma?
+OPTION: a | when they begin school
+OPTION: b | at the end of middle school
+OPTION: c | at the end of high school
+ANSWER: c
+
+TEMPLATE: To become a doctor, a student has to go to ________.
+OPTION: a | technical school
+OPTION: b | medical school
+OPTION: c | bachelor's school
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: Which school offers more kinds of degrees?
+OPTION: a | a technical school
+OPTION: b | a college
+OPTION: c | a university
+ANSWER: c
+
+TEMPLATE: Which is a field you can study at a university?
+OPTION: a | medicine
+OPTION: b | profession
+OPTION: c | high school
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: To study mechanics, a person may go to a ________.
+OPTION: a | technical school
+OPTION: b | medical school
+OPTION: c | professional school
+ANSWER: a
+
+# Source: LLA 2A Listening/Speaking (Vocabulary)
+$DIALOGUE New Words: Decisions and Education
+ID: 2a-ls1
+INTRO: Here are this lesson's new words from the lab tape, each inside a sentence or two. Listen and repeat.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat each word and sentence.
+REPEAT
+
+VOCAB: educate
+LINE: Teachers educate children. They teach them many things. {bk12-l2a-f1-01.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: turn down
+LINE: That job did not pay enough money. I turned it down. {bk12-l2a-f1-02.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: education
+LINE: Sergeant Franklin wants his children to have a good education. He wants them to go to a good school. {bk12-l2a-f1-03.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: university
+LINE: Keith studied French when he was at the university. {bk12-l2a-f1-04.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: diploma
+LINE: Debbie received her diploma yesterday. She finished school. {bk12-l2a-f1-05.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: already
+LINE: Roger is not hungry. He already ate dinner. {bk12-l2a-f1-06.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: instead
+LINE: I don't want chicken. I'll eat fish instead. {bk12-l2a-f1-07.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: instead of
+LINE: Jim bought the blue shirt instead of the yellow one. {bk12-l2a-f1-08.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: discussion
+LINE: Colonel Jones and Colonel Roberts had a discussion about the new mess hall. They talked about it for 30 minutes. {bk12-l2a-f1-09.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: discuss
+LINE: Captain Peterson wanted to discuss his score with his teacher. He wanted to talk to her about it. {bk12-l2a-f1-10.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 2A Figure 1 (dialogue)
+$DIALOGUE College Decisions
+ID: 2a-d1
+INTRO: Sam runs into Mark, who has a big decision to make about college — and it shows. Just listen.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.
+
+Sam: Hi, Mark. What's wrong? {bk12-l2a-f1-d1.mp3}
+Mark: Oh, Sam, I'm so confused. {bk12-l2a-f1-d2.mp3}
+Sam: About what? {bk12-l2a-f1-d3.mp3}
+Mark: I've got to make a decision about college. My parents and I talked it over last night. Right now, I don't know if I want to go into a professional field or a technical field. {bk12-l2a-f1-d4.mp3}
+Sam: You don't have to make a choice today. You've got plenty of time to think it over. You're only in your second year of high school. {bk12-l2a-f1-d5.mp3}
+Mark: You're right. Maybe by next year it won't be so confusing. {bk12-l2a-f1-d6.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 2A Figure 1 (role-play, Mark)
+$PRODUCE Play Mark's Part
+ID: 2a-f1
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: Now it's your turn to be confused. You'll play Mark. Listen to Sam, then say Mark's line aloud.
+INSTRUCTION: Read Mark's lines aloud.
+
+PROMPT: Hi, Mark. What's wrong? {bk12-l2a-f1-11-q.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: Oh, Sam, I'm so confused.
+RESPONSE: Oh, Sam, I'm so confused. {bk12-l2a-f1-11-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: About what? {bk12-l2a-f1-12-q.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: I've got to make a decision about college. My parents and I talked it over last night. Right now, I don't know if I want to go into a professional field or a technical field.
+RESPONSE: I've got to make a decision about college. My parents and I talked it over last night. Right now, I don't know if I want to go into a professional field or a technical field. {bk12-l2a-f1-12-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: You don't have to make a choice today. You've got plenty of time to think it over. You're only in your second year of high school. {bk12-l2a-f1-13-q.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: You're right. Maybe by next year it won't be so confusing.
+RESPONSE: You're right. Maybe by next year it won't be so confusing. {bk12-l2a-f1-13-a.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 2A Figure 2 (role-play, Sam)
+$PRODUCE Play Sam's Part
+ID: 2a-f2
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: Same conversation, other chair — this time you're Sam, the calm one. You begin. Say your first line aloud.
+INSTRUCTION: Read Sam's lines aloud.
+
+TEMPLATE: Hi, Mark. What's wrong?
+RESPONSE: Hi, Mark. What's wrong? {bk12-l2a-f1-d1.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Oh, Sam, I'm so confused. {bk12-l2a-f2-01.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: About what?
+RESPONSE: About what? {bk12-l2a-f1-d3.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: I've got to make a decision about college. My parents and I talked it over last night. Right now, I don't know if I want to go into a professional field or a technical field. {bk12-l2a-f2-02.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: You don't have to make a choice today. You've got plenty of time to think it over. You're only in your second year of high school.
+RESPONSE: You don't have to make a choice today. You've got plenty of time to think it over. You're only in your second year of high school. {bk12-l2a-f1-d5.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 2A Figure 3
+$PRODUCE Questions About the Dialogue
+ID: 2a-f3
+REFERENCE
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: Four questions about Mark and his college problem. Answer aloud in a complete sentence, then listen to the model answer.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer the question aloud.
+
+PROMPT: Is Mark happy? {bk12-l2a-f3-01-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: No, he's confused. {bk12-l2a-f3-01-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Does he have to make a decision about work? {bk12-l2a-f3-02-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: No, he has to make a decision about college. {bk12-l2a-f3-02-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Does he have to make a choice today? {bk12-l2a-f3-03-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: No, he's got plenty of time to think it over. {bk12-l2a-f3-03-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Is he in college now? {bk12-l2a-f3-04-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: No, he's in his second year of high school. {bk12-l2a-f3-04-a.mp3}
+
+# Source: ST §A Time for Decisions Parts I & II (merged)
+$DIALOGUE A Time for Decisions
+ID: l2-s4
+INTRO: Meet Dan and Paula — a military man thinking about retirement, and a teacher who just got a job offer. Both of them have a decision to make, preferably before dinner gets cold.
+INSTRUCTION: Repeat the new words, then read the paragraphs.
+REPEAT
+
+Narrator: Meet Dan. {st-page_047_001.jpg}
+VOCAB: career
+VOCAB: all
+Narrator: Dan has been in the military for 17 years. It has been his career all these years. {st-page_047_001.jpg}
+VOCAB: future
+Narrator: Dan has been thinking about his future. {st-page_047_001.jpg}
+VOCAB: choice
+VOCAB: retire
+Narrator: He has two choices: he can retire from the military in four years, or he can stay in. {st-page_047_001.jpg}
+VOCAB: make up one's mind | made up his mind
+VOCAB: yet
+Narrator: Dan hasn't made up his mind yet. {st-page_047_001.jpg}
+Narrator: If he chooses to become a civilian, he has to be ready. {st-page_047_001.jpg}
+VOCAB: profession
+Narrator: He needs a new profession, so he's thinking about going to technical school to get his associate degree. {st-page_047_001.jpg}
+VOCAB: talk over | talk it over
+Narrator: He'll talk it over with his wife, Paula, this evening. {st-page_047_001.jpg}
+
+Narrator: Meet Paula. {st-page_048_001.jpg}
+VOCAB: professional
+VOCAB: education
+Narrator: Paula is a professional in the field of education. {st-page_048_001.jpg}
+Narrator: She teaches Spanish at a high school. She has been a teacher in the same school for the last ten years. {st-page_048_001.jpg}
+VOCAB: just
+Narrator: This afternoon, Highland College just offered her a job. {st-page_048_001.jpg}
+Narrator: She would like to change jobs because it would be good for her professional growth, but the job at the college is in the evening, and that's the time she spends teaching her children. {st-page_048_001.jpg}
+VOCAB: think over | think it over
+VOCAB: discuss
+VOCAB: offer
+Narrator: She has to think it over and discuss the offer with Dan this evening. {st-page_048_001.jpg}
+
+# Source: ST §A Time for Decisions True/False
+$SELECT A Time for Decisions: True or False
+ID: l2-s6
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: Twelve statements about Dan and Paula. Tap True or False — you can look back at the story if their evening got away from you.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap True or False.
+OPTION: T | True
+OPTION: F | False
+
+PROMPT: Dan's career has been in the military.
+ANSWER: T
+
+PROMPT: Dan has been thinking about things he has already done.
+ANSWER: F
+
+PROMPT: One of Dan's choices is to retire from civilian work.
+ANSWER: F
+
+PROMPT: Dan decided to retire.
+ANSWER: F
+
+PROMPT: Dan may have a new profession in the future.
+ANSWER: T
+
+PROMPT: Dan may get an associate degree from a university.
+ANSWER: F
+
+PROMPT: Dan will discuss this with his wife.
+ANSWER: T
+
+PROMPT: Paula is in the field of education.
+ANSWER: T
+
+PROMPT: Another high school just offered her a job.
+ANSWER: F
+
+PROMPT: A job at a college would help her career.
+ANSWER: T
+
+PROMPT: She will teach her children in the morning.
+ANSWER: F
+
+PROMPT: She will think about this and talk to Dan.
+ANSWER: T
+
+# SKIPPED (book): Listening Skill "IT EAT IT" (circle the letter of the word that sounds different) — instructor-read sound discrimination with no recorded stimulus and no given words.
+
+$LESSON 2-2: Careers and Choices
+
+# Source: LLA 2B Vocabulary
+$DIALOGUE New Words: Offers and Careers
+ID: 2b-vocab
+INTRO: In this part you'll learn to talk about job offers — accepting them, refusing them, and turning them down. Listen to each new word in a sentence, then repeat.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat each sentence.
+REPEAT
+
+VOCAB: took
+LINE: Larry took 6 math courses at the university. He studied 6 math courses. {bk12-l2b-f1-01.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: accept
+LINE: That new job is a promotion. I'm going to accept it. {bk12-l2b-f1-02.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: offer
+LINE: The Navy made John a good offer. They'll help pay for his education. {bk12-l2b-f1-03.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: refuse
+LINE: The last time we ate at that restaurant, the food was terrible. I refuse to go there again. {bk12-l2b-f1-04.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: retire
+LINE: Next year, James is going to retire. He plans to travel all over the United States. {bk12-l2b-f1-05.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: just
+LINE: I don't know where Captain Highland is. I just got here. {bk12-l2b-f1-06.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: profession
+LINE: Don is a doctor. He's part of the medical profession. {bk12-l2b-f1-08.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 2B Figures 1 & 2 (dialogue)
+$DIALOGUE What Courses Are You Taking?
+ID: 2b-f1-d
+INTRO: Jack and Mike catch up about school. Mike's future involves a lot of medical courses. Just listen.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.
+
+Jack: Hey, Mike. What courses are you taking now? {bk12-l2b-f1-d1.mp3}
+Mike: I'm taking a lot of medical courses, Jack. I'm in the medical field. {bk12-l2b-f1-d2.mp3}
+Jack: Are you going to be a doctor? {bk12-l2b-f1-d3.mp3}
+Mike: No. I'm going to be a nurse. {bk12-l2b-f1-d4.mp3}
+Jack: Will you get a degree? {bk12-l2b-f1-d5.mp3}
+Mike: Yes. My degree will be in nursing. {bk12-l2b-f1-d6.mp3}
+Jack: It sounds like an interesting career. {bk12-l2b-f1-d7.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 2B Figure 2 (role-play, Jack)
+$PRODUCE Play Jack's Part: Courses
+ID: 2b-f2-rp1
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: Now you're Jack, asking the questions. You begin — say your line aloud, then listen to Mike's answer.
+INSTRUCTION: Read Jack's lines aloud.
+
+TEMPLATE: Hey, Mike, what courses are you taking now?
+RESPONSE: Hey, Mike. What courses are you taking now? {bk12-l2b-f1-rp1-01.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: I'm taking a lot of medical courses, Jack. I'm in the medical field. {bk12-l2b-f1-rp1-02.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: Are you going to be a doctor?
+RESPONSE: Are you going to be a doctor? {bk12-l2b-f1-rp1-03.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: No. I'm going to be a nurse. {bk12-l2b-f1-rp1-04.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: Will you get a degree?
+RESPONSE: Will you get a degree? {bk12-l2b-f1-rp1-05.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Yes. My degree will be in nursing. {bk12-l2b-f1-rp1-06.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: It sounds like an interesting career.
+RESPONSE: It sounds like an interesting career. {bk12-l2b-f1-rp1-07.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 2B Figure 1 (role-play, Mike)
+$PRODUCE Play Mike's Part
+ID: 2b-f1-rp2
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: Switch roles — you're Mike, the future nurse. Listen to Jack, then say your line aloud.
+INSTRUCTION: Read Mike's lines aloud.
+
+PROMPT: Hey, Mike. What courses are you taking now? {bk12-l2b-f1-rp2-01.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: I'm taking a lot of medical courses, Jack. I'm in the medical field.
+RESPONSE: I'm taking a lot of medical courses, Jack. I'm in the medical field. {bk12-l2b-f1-rp2-02.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Are you going to be a doctor? {bk12-l2b-f1-rp2-03.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: No, I'm going to be a nurse.
+RESPONSE: No. I'm going to be a nurse. {bk12-l2b-f1-rp2-04.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Will you get a degree? {bk12-l2b-f1-rp2-05.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: Yes, my degree will be in nursing.
+RESPONSE: Yes. My degree will be in nursing. {bk12-l2b-f1-rp2-06.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 2B Figure 4
+$PRODUCE Listen and Answer
+ID: 2b-f4
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: You'll hear two short conversations, each followed by a question. Answer the question aloud in a full sentence, then check the model.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer the question aloud.
+
+PROMPT: Did you turn down that job at the phone company, Sam? ... I sure did, Bob. ... What profession did you decide on? ... I decided on a career in the military. ... What career did Sam choose? {bk12-l2b-f4-01-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Sam chose a career in the military. {bk12-l2b-f4-01-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Where are you going on your vacation, Sally? ... I want to go to the beach. ... It's rainy and windy today. ... I hope it clears up before I go. ... Where does Sally want to go on her vacation? {bk12-l2b-f4-02-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Sally wants to go to the beach. {bk12-l2b-f4-02-a.mp3}
+
+# SKIPPED (book): LLA 2B Figure 6 — grid/coordinate placement is unsupported.
+
+# DROPPED (twin): ST §Making Decisions word list — the same words are taught on cassette (2A and 2B vocabulary panels); "refusal" and "educator" stay tagged in the dialogs below.
+
+# Source: ST §A Decision Without Discussion
+$DIALOGUE A Decision Without Discussion
+ID: l2-s8
+INTRO: Back to Dan and Paula. Paula has made her decision about the job offer — without much of a discussion, as Dan is about to find out.
+INSTRUCTION: Repeat the new words, then read the dialog.
+REPEAT
+
+VOCAB: turn down | turn it down
+Paula: After the kids and I got home from school, I decided I didn't want the job, Dan. I'm going to turn it down.
+Dan: Don't you want to hear what I have to say?
+
+VOCAB: educator
+VOCAB: educate
+VOCAB: take
+Paula: Yes, but first, remember, I am a mother and an educator so I want to educate my children first. If I take the job at Highland College, I won't have time to teach them.
+
+VOCAB: confused
+VOCAB: accept
+VOCAB: refuse
+Dan: Now I'm confused, Paula. You've always said you need professional growth, and now that you have a chance, instead of accepting a better job, you're going to refuse it.
+
+VOCAB: decision
+VOCAB: instead
+Paula: Now, now, Dan. Don't you start with me! I know that deep down you're happy with my decision. Why don't we talk about your school instead?
+NOTES: "Don't you start with me!" = Don't make problems. / "deep down" = inside
+
+Dan: I think I want to wait until after dinner.
+Paula: Okay.
+
+# Source: ST §Answer About a Decision Without Discussion
+$PRODUCE Questions: A Decision Without Discussion
+ID: l2-s9
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: Now answer some questions about Paula's decision. Type your answers — and feel free to check the dialog.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer these questions based on the dialog.
+INPUT: type
+CHECK: llm
+SHOW_PROMPT
+RUBRIC: Treat the model answer as the factual key; accept any phrasing or short form of the same fact(s).
+
+PROMPT: Is Paula going to accept the job or refuse it?
+RESPONSE: She is going to refuse it.
+
+PROMPT: Has she discussed this with Dan?
+RESPONSE: No, she made the decision without discussing it first.
+
+PROMPT: What is Paula's profession?
+RESPONSE: She is a teacher and an educator.
+
+PROMPT: Why did she make that decision?
+RESPONSE: She wants to educate her children first.
+
+PROMPT: Why is Dan confused?
+RESPONSE: He thought she wanted professional growth.
+
+PROMPT: Do you think Dan is happy about Paula's decision?
+RESPONSE: Yes, Paula thinks he is happy deep down.
+
+# Source: ST §Dan Changes His Mind About His Field
+$DIALOGUE Dan Changes His Mind
+ID: l2-s10
+INTRO: After dinner, it's Dan's turn. He's been rethinking his plans for civilian life — medical training is out, electronics is in.
+INSTRUCTION: Repeat the new words, then read the dialog.
+REPEAT
+
+Dan: I've been thinking about the future, Paula. If I retire in four years, I need to have a career as a civilian. I need to go back to school.
+
+VOCAB: change one's mind | changed your mind
+Paula: You really should. Do you still want to get some medical training, or have you changed your mind?
+
+VOCAB: course
+Dan: I think I'd like to take more courses in electronics.
+
+VOCAB: already
+Paula: That's good, since you've already taken courses in that field.
+
+VOCAB: tour of duty
+Dan: Yes, and I sure have enjoyed them. Now that we've made all these plans, I hope they don't send me on an overseas tour of duty.
+Paula: I think you've been out of the country enough.
+
+VOCAB: refusal
+Dan: Paula, I'm still a little confused. Are you sure you're happy with your refusal?
+
+VOCAB: confusing
+Paula: It's really not so confusing, Dan. I'm not really happy, but I think this is what I have to do. All of us have to make some choices we don't like.
+
+# Source: ST §Answer About Dan
+$PRODUCE Questions About Dan
+ID: l2-s11
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: A few questions about Dan's new plan. Type your answers; the dialog is there if you need it.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer these questions based on the dialog.
+INPUT: type
+CHECK: llm
+SHOW_PROMPT
+RUBRIC: Treat the model answer as the factual key; accept any phrasing or short form of the same fact(s).
+
+PROMPT: If Dan retires, what does he need?
+RESPONSE: He needs to have a career as a civilian.
+
+PROMPT: What kind of training did Dan want before he changed his mind?
+RESPONSE: He wanted medical training.
+
+PROMPT: What kind of courses does he want to take now?
+RESPONSE: He wants to take more courses in electronics.
+
+PROMPT: Why doesn't Dan want an overseas tour of duty now?
+RESPONSE: He wants to stay and follow the plans they made.
+
+PROMPT: Why is Paula's decision confusing to Dan?
+RESPONSE: She made a choice she doesn't really like.
+
+# Source: ST §Decisions About Their Careers (recast as cued Q&A — bare-word cue production avoided)
+$PRODUCE Dan and Paula: Say It in a Sentence
+ID: l2-s12
+INTRO: One last pass through Dan and Paula's story. Answer each question aloud in a full sentence, using the cue word on the screen.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer aloud in a full sentence. Use the word shown.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+SHOW_PROMPT
+RUBRIC: The learner must use the cue word shown in a grammatically correct full sentence; treat the model answer as the factual key and accept any phrasing of the same fact about Dan and Paula.
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: (career)
+PROMPT: What has Dan's career been all these years?
+RESPONSE: Dan's career has been in the military.
+
+TEMPLATE: (choices)
+PROMPT: How many choices does Dan have for his future?
+RESPONSE: Dan has two choices for his future.
+
+TEMPLATE: (retire)
+PROMPT: What might Dan do in four years?
+RESPONSE: Dan might retire in four years.
+
+TEMPLATE: (make up his mind)
+PROMPT: Has Dan decided about his future?
+RESPONSE: Dan hasn't made up his mind yet.
+
+TEMPLATE: (profession)
+PROMPT: What does Dan need if he becomes a civilian?
+RESPONSE: Dan needs a new profession.
+
+TEMPLATE: (offered)
+PROMPT: What did Highland College do this afternoon?
+RESPONSE: Highland College offered Paula a job.
+
+TEMPLATE: (professional growth)
+PROMPT: Why would a new job be good for Paula?
+RESPONSE: A new job would be good for Paula's professional growth.
+
+TEMPLATE: (think over)
+PROMPT: What does Paula have to do with the offer?
+RESPONSE: Paula has to think the offer over.
+
+TEMPLATE: (discuss)
+PROMPT: Who does Paula need to discuss the offer with?
+RESPONSE: Paula needs to discuss the offer with Dan.
+
+TEMPLATE: (turn down)
+PROMPT: What is Paula going to do with the job?
+RESPONSE: Paula is going to turn down the job.
+
+TEMPLATE: (educate)
+PROMPT: What does Paula want to do first?
+RESPONSE: Paula wants to educate her children.
+
+TEMPLATE: (confused)
+PROMPT: How did Dan feel about Paula's decision?
+RESPONSE: Dan was confused by Paula's decision.
+
+TEMPLATE: (instead of)
+PROMPT: What does Paula want to do instead of taking the new job?
+RESPONSE: Paula wants to teach her kids instead of taking the new job.
+
+TEMPLATE: (decision)
+PROMPT: How did Paula make her decision?
+RESPONSE: Paula made a decision without discussion.
+
+TEMPLATE: (change his mind)
+PROMPT: What did Dan do about medical training?
+RESPONSE: Dan changed his mind about medical training.
+
+TEMPLATE: (take courses)
+PROMPT: What does Dan want to take now?
+RESPONSE: Dan wants to take courses in electronics.
+
+TEMPLATE: (tour of duty)
+PROMPT: What does Dan hope he doesn't get?
+RESPONSE: Dan hopes he doesn't get an overseas tour of duty.
+
+TEMPLATE: (refusal)
+PROMPT: What did Dan ask Paula about her decision?
+RESPONSE: Dan asked if Paula is happy with her refusal.
+
+TEMPLATE: (confusing)
+PROMPT: What does Paula say about her choice?
+RESPONSE: Paula says her choice is not confusing.
+
+$LESSON 2-3: Already, Still, Yet — and the Present Perfect
+
+# Source: LLA 2A Listening/Speaking (Time Expressions)
+$DIALOGUE Time Expressions
+ID: 2a-ls2
+INTRO: This part is about small words with big jobs — already, still, yet, anymore — and the present perfect tense they love to travel with. First, listen to each one in a sentence and repeat.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
+REPEAT
+
+VOCAB: already
+LINE: Lieutenant Adams already knows Captain Jones. He met him last night. {bk12-l2a-f3-05.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: no longer
+LINE: Mr. Flores no longer works here. He retired last month. {bk12-l2a-f3-06.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: yet
+LINE: Ms. Sampson hasn't typed that letter yet. She's been very busy. {bk12-l2a-f3-07.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: anymore
+LINE: I don't go to Lee High School anymore. I graduated last year. {bk12-l2a-f3-08.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: any longer
+LINE: Jim's not going to technical school any longer. He finished and got a job. {bk12-l2a-f3-09.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: still
+LINE: Beth is still living in Chicago. She's lived there for 6 years now. {bk12-l2a-f3-10.mp3}
+
+# Source: ST §Adverbs grammar box
+$GRAMMAR Already, Still, Yet, Anymore, Any Longer, No Longer
+ID: l2-s13
+INTRO: Here's how each of these time words works, and where it goes in the sentence. Take a minute with this — the drills that follow use all of them.
+
+We use **already** to say something happened before now or before this time. It is used in questions and affirmative statements.
+> {Ed already has a high school diploma.}
+> {Mr. Smith is already here.}
+> {Are they already in elementary school?}
+
+We use **still** to say that a situation is continuing. It usually goes in the middle of the sentence with the verb. It is used in questions and in affirmative and negative statements.
+> {Ed still doesn't have a college degree.}
+> {It was warm yesterday, and it's still warm today.}
+> {Are you still waiting?}
+
+We use **yet** to ask or talk about something that did not happen before now, but might in the future. It goes at the end of the sentence. It is used in questions and negative statements.
+> {I'm very hungry. Is dinner ready yet?}
+> {Can you wait ten minutes? John isn't here yet.}
+
+We use **anymore**, **any longer**, and **no longer** to say that a past situation does not exist.
+
+**Anymore** and **any longer** are used in questions and negative statements. They go at the end of the sentence.
+> {Is he in high school anymore?}
+> {She isn't in the army any longer.}
+
+**No longer** is used in affirmative statements. It goes in the middle of the sentence with the verb.
+> {He is no longer a student.}
+> {She no longer works at night.}
+
+# Source: LLA 2A Figure 4
+$PRODUCE Type the Missing Time Word
+ID: 2a-f4
+INPUT: type
+CHECK: exact
+INTRO: Read the sentence on the screen and type the missing time word — already, still, yet, and friends. Then listen to the completed sentence and say it back.
+INSTRUCTION: Type the missing word.
+REPEAT
+
+TEMPLATE: Frank studied French for three years. He ____ knows how to speak that language.
+PROMPT: Frank studied French for 3 years. He knows how to speak that language. {bk12-l2a-f4-01-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Frank studied French for 3 years. He already knows how to speak that language. {bk12-l2a-f4-01-a.mp3}
+ACCEPT: already
+
+TEMPLATE: Major Gunther moved last month. He ____ lives here.
+PROMPT: Major Gunther moved last month. He lives here. {bk12-l2a-f4-02-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Major Gunther moved last month. He no longer lives here. {bk12-l2a-f4-02-a.mp3}
+ACCEPT: no longer
+
+TEMPLATE: It's 9:30, and I haven't eaten dinner ____.
+PROMPT: It's 9:30, and I haven't eaten dinner. {bk12-l2a-f4-03-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: It's 9:30, and I haven't eaten dinner yet. {bk12-l2a-f4-03-a.mp3}
+ACCEPT: yet
+
+TEMPLATE: Lt Emery has a tour of duty in Germany. He doesn't work at this base ____.
+PROMPT: Lieutenant Emery has a tour of duty in Germany. He doesn't work at this base. {bk12-l2a-f4-04-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Lieutenant Emery has a tour of duty in Germany. He doesn't work at this base any longer. {bk12-l2a-f4-04-a.mp3}
+ACCEPT: any longer | anymore | any more
+
+TEMPLATE: My daughter got married three weeks ago. She doesn't live here ____.
+PROMPT: My daughter got married 3 weeks ago. She doesn't live here. {bk12-l2a-f4-05-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: My daughter got married 3 weeks ago. She doesn't live here any longer. {bk12-l2a-f4-05-a.mp3}
+ACCEPT: any longer | anymore | any more
+
+TEMPLATE: Ms. Smith hasn't come for her appointment yet. The doctor is ____ waiting.
+PROMPT: Mrs. Smith hasn't come for her appointment yet. The doctor is waiting. {bk12-l2a-f4-06-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Mrs. Smith hasn't come for her appointment yet. The doctor is still waiting. {bk12-l2a-f4-06-a.mp3}
+ACCEPT: still
+
+# Source: LLA 2A Figure 5
+$PRODUCE Answer with a Time Expression
+ID: 2a-f5
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: Listen to each question and answer aloud with a full sentence, using the cue on the screen. Then repeat the model answer.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer aloud using the cue.
+REPEAT
+
+TEMPLATE: (yes)
+PROMPT: Has Jennifer eaten lunch yet? {bk12-l2a-f5-01-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Yes. She has already eaten lunch. {bk12-l2a-f5-01-a.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: (no, no longer)
+PROMPT: Does Fred live here anymore? {bk12-l2a-f5-02-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: No. He no longer lives here. {bk12-l2a-f5-02-a.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: (yes, every month)
+PROMPT: Does Marilyn write to you anymore? {bk12-l2a-f5-03-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Yes. She still writes every month. {bk12-l2a-f5-03-a.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: (yes, every Friday)
+PROMPT: Do the Samsons eat here anymore? {bk12-l2a-f5-04-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Yes. They still eat here every Friday. {bk12-l2a-f5-04-a.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: (yes)
+PROMPT: Have the Johnsons been to Chicago yet? {bk12-l2a-f5-05-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Yes. They've already been there. {bk12-l2a-f5-05-a.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: (no)
+PROMPT: Does Lieutenant Richards work for you anymore? {bk12-l2a-f5-06-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: No. He no longer works for me. {bk12-l2a-f5-06-a.mp3}
+
+# Source: ST §Ed Already Has a Diploma
+$DIALOGUE Ed Already Has a Diploma
+ID: l2-s14
+INTRO: Meet Ed. He's finished with school forever — now he just needs a job, which turns out to be the hard part. Read along as you listen.
+INSTRUCTION: Read the paragraphs.
+
+LINE: Ed graduated from high school in May. {st-page_055_001.jpg}
+LINE: He isn't a student any longer. He doesn't study anymore. {st-page_055_001.jpg}
+LINE: He no longer has to do homework or take tests. {st-page_055_001.jpg}
+LINE: Ed doesn't have a job yet. {st-page_055_002.jpg}
+LINE: He began looking for a job in June, but he still hasn't found one that he wants. {st-page_055_002.jpg}
+LINE: He's worried, because some of his friends already have jobs. {st-page_055_002.jpg}
+
+# Source: ST §Are You Still in the Army?
+$PRODUCE Are You Still in the Army?
+ID: l2-s15
+INTRO: Two old friends catch up — one retired, one not quite. Complete their dialog by typing the right time word into each gap.
+INSTRUCTION: Complete the dialog. Use: still, already, yet, anymore, any longer, no longer.
+INPUT: type
+CHECK: exact
+
+TEMPLATE: Dan: Why are you in civilian clothes?
+TEMPLATE: Ted: I'm ____{no longer} in the Army.
+RESPONSE: Dan: Why are you in civilian clothes? Ted: I'm no longer in the Army.
+
+TEMPLATE: Dan: Why did you decide to retire?
+TEMPLATE: Ted: I didn't want to move from base to base ____{anymore|any longer}.
+RESPONSE: Dan: Why did you decide to retire? Ted: I didn't want to move from base to base anymore.
+
+TEMPLATE: Dan: Are you going to start a second career?
+TEMPLATE: Ted: Yes. I've ____{already} accepted an offer to teach math.
+RESPONSE: Dan: Are you going to start a second career? Ted: Yes. I've already accepted an offer to teach math.
+
+TEMPLATE: Ted: How about you? Are you ____{still} flying for the Navy?
+RESPONSE: Ted: How about you? Are you still flying for the Navy?
+
+TEMPLATE: Dan: No, I'm not flying ____{anymore|any longer}. I have a desk job now.
+RESPONSE: Dan: No, I'm not flying anymore. I have a desk job now.
+
+TEMPLATE: Ted: Are you ready to retire ____{yet}?
+RESPONSE: Ted: Are you ready to retire yet?
+
+TEMPLATE: Dan: I'd like to, but I can't. I ____{still} have two kids in college.
+RESPONSE: Dan: I'd like to, but I can't. I still have two kids in college.
+
+# Source: ST §Make Sentences With Adverbs
+$PRODUCE Make Sentences with Adverbs
+ID: l2-s16
+INTRO: Read each short exchange, then say one sentence that sums it up, using the word in parentheses. The example shows you the shape.
+INSTRUCTION: Make a sentence about the dialog using the word in parentheses.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+SHOW_PROMPT
+
+EXAMPLE
+PROMPT: Dan: Don is a college student now. He was a college student last year too. (still)
+RESPONSE: Don is still a college student.
+
+PROMPT: Don: How is your car? / Ben: I've been working on it for two days. (still)
+RESPONSE: Ben is still working on his car.
+
+PROMPT: Lou: When will you be ready to leave? / Tim: In another hour or two. (yet)
+RESPONSE: Tim isn't ready to leave yet.
+
+PROMPT: Ted: Do you plan to get a master's degree? / Bob: I have one. I got it several years ago. (already)
+RESPONSE: Bob already has a master's degree.
+
+PROMPT: Jim: Does Carl live in the barracks? / Joe: He did until last week. (anymore)
+RESPONSE: Carl doesn't live in the barracks anymore.
+
+PROMPT: Sam: Are you driving a bus now? / Tom: No. I started driving a taxi last year. (any longer)
+RESPONSE: Tom doesn't drive a bus any longer.
+
+PROMPT: Sam: Are you driving a bus now? / Tom: No. I started driving a taxi last year. (no longer)
+RESPONSE: Tom no longer drives a bus.
+
+PROMPT: Tom: John wants to be a pilot. / Bob: His brother is a pilot now. (yet)
+RESPONSE: John isn't a pilot yet.
+
+PROMPT: Tom: John wants to be a pilot. / Bob: His brother is a pilot now. (already)
+RESPONSE: John's brother is already a pilot.
+
+PROMPT: Ray: Does Kim teach French? / Don: She did last year, but she doesn't now. (no longer)
+RESPONSE: Kim no longer teaches French.
+
+PROMPT: Ray: Does Kim teach French? / Don: She did last year, but she doesn't now. (any longer)
+RESPONSE: Kim doesn't teach French any longer.
+
+# Source: ST §Barbara Is Still a Secretary
+$DIALOGUE Barbara Is Still a Secretary
+ID: l2-s17
+INTRO: Now meet Barbara, a secretary with bigger plans. Read along — you'll answer questions about her next.
+INSTRUCTION: Read the paragraphs.
+
+LINE: Barbara is a secretary now, but she will be a college student in September.
+LINE: She no longer likes her job or wants to work for a big company.
+LINE: She has an associate degree. Now she wants a bachelor's degree.
+LINE: She's thinking about a master's degree too.
+LINE: Barbara will have to work while she's in college, but she won't work all day.
+LINE: She has another job. She'll work part time in the school library.
+
+# Source: ST §Ask and Answer About Barbara
+$PRODUCE Ask and Answer About Barbara
+ID: l2-s18
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: Play both parts: ask a question about Barbara with the word on the screen, then answer it yourself. The story is there if you need to check a fact.
+INSTRUCTION: Ask and answer a question about the paragraphs using the given word.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+SHOW_PROMPT
+RUBRIC: The learner must produce a grammatically correct question using the prompted adverb (still, already, yet, anymore, no longer, any longer) based on Barbara's story, followed by a matching short or long answer. (e.g. prompt "still" -> "Is Barbara still a secretary? Yes, she is.")
+
+EXAMPLE
+PROMPT: still
+RESPONSE: Is Barbara still a secretary? Yes, she is.
+
+PROMPT: already
+RESPONSE: Does Barbara already have a degree? Yes, she already has an associate degree.
+
+PROMPT: yet
+RESPONSE: Is she a college student yet? No, she isn't a college student yet.
+
+PROMPT: no longer
+RESPONSE: Does she like her job? No, she no longer likes her job.
+
+PROMPT: anymore
+RESPONSE: Does she want to work for a big company? No, she doesn't want to work for a big company anymore.
+
+# Source: ST §Present Perfect: Indefinite Past
+$GRAMMAR Present Perfect: Indefinite Past
+ID: l2-s20
+INTRO: Already and yet keep company with the present perfect tense — have or has plus the past participle. Read these short exchanges and tap any line to hear it.
+
+**Present Perfect Tense** (have/has + past participle)
+
+> Doug: {Have you ever been to France?}
+> Dave: {No, I never have. Have you?}
+
+> Rick: {Don't hang up! I haven't talked to Tom yet.}
+> Jack: {Too late. He's already hung up.}
+
+> Mike: {Has Tony chosen a university yet?}
+> Cory: {No, he hasn't decided anything about his future.}
+
+> Carl: {How much money have you spent today?}
+> Nick: {Not much. I've only bought a magazine.}
+
+> Greg: {Have you lent Aldo any money today?}
+> Fred: {Yes, I have. He's already borrowed $5.00 from me.}
+
+# Source: LLA 2C Figure 1
+$DIALOGUE Present Perfect with Yet, Ever, Already, Still
+ID: 2c-f1
+INTRO: Now listen to the pattern in action. Repeat each sentence, paying attention to yet, ever, already, and still.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat each sentence.
+REPEAT
+
+LINE: Cheryl hasn't eaten lunch yet. {bk12-l2c-f1-01.mp3}
+LINE: Has Ed ever been to Los Angeles? {bk12-l2c-f1-02.mp3}
+LINE: Lieutenant Martin has gone to Germany. {bk12-l2c-f1-03.mp3}
+LINE: I haven't seen the new secretary yet. {bk12-l2c-f1-04.mp3}
+LINE: Mr. Rogers hasn't answered all the questions. {bk12-l2c-f1-05.mp3}
+LINE: Mr. Smith has already borrowed too much money. {bk12-l2c-f1-06.mp3}
+LINE: Has Jerome cleaned his room yet? {bk12-l2c-f1-07.mp3}
+LINE: Robert still hasn't fixed this door. {bk12-l2c-f1-08.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 2C Figure 2
+$PRODUCE Already or Not Yet?
+ID: 2c-f2
+INPUT: type
+CHECK: exact
+INTRO: Each question comes twice — once you answer yes with "already", once you answer no with "yet". Type the short answer using the cue words, then repeat the model.
+INSTRUCTION: Type the answer using the cue words.
+REPEAT
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: yes, already
+PROMPT: Have you finished your homework yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-ex-q1.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Yes, I've already finished it. {bk12-l2c-f2-ex-a1.mp3}
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: no, yet
+PROMPT: Have you finished your homework yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-ex-q2.mp3}
+RESPONSE: No, I haven't finished it yet. {bk12-l2c-f2-ex-a2.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: yes, already
+PROMPT: Has Janet graduated from college yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-01-q1.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Yes, she has already graduated. {bk12-l2c-f2-01-a1.mp3}
+ACCEPT: Yes, she's already graduated.
+
+TEMPLATE: no, yet
+PROMPT: Has Janet graduated from college yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-01-q2.mp3}
+RESPONSE: No, she hasn't graduated yet. {bk12-l2c-f2-01-a2.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: yes, already
+PROMPT: Have you seen Mike's daughter yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-02-q1.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Yes, I've already seen her. {bk12-l2c-f2-02-a1.mp3}
+ACCEPT: Yes, I have already seen her.
+
+TEMPLATE: no, yet
+PROMPT: Have you seen Mike's daughter yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-02-q2.mp3}
+RESPONSE: No, I haven't seen her yet. {bk12-l2c-f2-02-a2.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: yes, already
+PROMPT: Has your son learned Spanish yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-03-q1.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Yes, he has already learned Spanish. {bk12-l2c-f2-03-a1.mp3}
+ACCEPT: Yes, he's already learned Spanish.
+
+TEMPLATE: no, yet
+PROMPT: Has your son learned Spanish yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-03-q2.mp3}
+RESPONSE: No, he hasn't learned Spanish yet. {bk12-l2c-f2-03-a2.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: yes, already
+PROMPT: Have the Johnsons realized that they are rich yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-04-q1.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Yes, they have already realized it. {bk12-l2c-f2-04-a1.mp3}
+ACCEPT: Yes, they've already realized it.
+
+TEMPLATE: no, yet
+PROMPT: Have the Johnsons realized that they are rich yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-04-q2.mp3}
+RESPONSE: No, they haven't realized it yet. {bk12-l2c-f2-04-a2.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: yes, already
+PROMPT: Has Henry picked up the laundry yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-05-q1.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Yes, he's already picked it up. {bk12-l2c-f2-05-a1.mp3}
+ACCEPT: Yes, he has already picked it up.
+
+TEMPLATE: no, yet
+PROMPT: Has Henry picked up the laundry yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-05-q2.mp3}
+RESPONSE: No, he hasn't picked it up yet. {bk12-l2c-f2-05-a2.mp3}
+
+# Source: ST §Marsha Has Forgiven John
+$PRODUCE Marsha Has Forgiven John
+ID: l2-s21
+INTRO: Read the first speaker's sentence, then complete the reply aloud, putting the underlined verb into the present perfect.
+INSTRUCTION: Complete the dialog aloud. Use the emphasized verb in the present perfect.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+SHOW_PROMPT
+
+EXAMPLE
+PROMPT: Ned: Arthur *called* me yesterday.
+RESPONSE: Jay: He still has not called me.
+
+PROMPT: Don: Several people *came* early.
+RESPONSE: Bob: Louis has not come yet.
+
+PROMPT: Kim: Roger *got* three letters today.
+RESPONSE: Ken: He has gotten almost a dozen letters this week.
+
+PROMPT: Doug: Albert *took* his medicine this morning.
+RESPONSE: John: He has taken it regularly.
+
+PROMPT: Jan: The students *read* the first story quickly.
+RESPONSE: Tim: Some of them have already read the book.
+
+PROMPT: Sam: John apologized, so Marsha should *forgive* him.
+RESPONSE: Lou: She has already forgiven him for his mistake.
+
+PROMPT: Bob: Thelma didn't *mean* to hurt Amy's feelings.
+RESPONSE: Pat: She has never meant to hurt anyone's feelings.
+
+# Source: ST §Tony Has Made a List (cues recast as display-only TEMPLATEs — checkmarks shouldn't be read by TTS)
+$PRODUCE Tony Has Made a List
+ID: l2-s22
+INTRO: Tony is getting ready for a trip to Miami, and he has a to-do list. A checkmark means it's done. Say a sentence about each item — he has already done it, or he hasn't done it yet.
+INSTRUCTION: Say what Tony has already done or hasn't done yet.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: buy film
+RESPONSE: Tony hasn't bought film yet.
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: borrow camera ✓
+RESPONSE: He has already borrowed a camera.
+
+TEMPLATE: get traveler's checks
+RESPONSE: He hasn't gotten traveler's checks yet.
+
+TEMPLATE: find map of Miami
+RESPONSE: He hasn't found a map of Miami yet.
+
+TEMPLATE: call travel agent ✓
+RESPONSE: He has already called a travel agent.
+
+TEMPLATE: pick up airline tickets
+RESPONSE: He hasn't picked up the airline tickets yet.
+
+TEMPLATE: make hotel reservation ✓
+RESPONSE: He has already made a hotel reservation.
+
+TEMPLATE: send shirts to laundry
+RESPONSE: He hasn't sent his shirts to the laundry yet.
+
+TEMPLATE: mail hotel room deposit ✓
+RESPONSE: He has already mailed the hotel room deposit.
+
+TEMPLATE: pack suitcase
+RESPONSE: He hasn't packed his suitcase yet.
+
+# Source: ST §Have You Ever Gotten a Traffic Ticket?
+$PRODUCE Have You Ever...?
+ID: l2-s23
+INTRO: Now about you. Build a "Have you ever...?" question from the cue, then answer it honestly — yes or no, your call.
+INSTRUCTION: Ask a present perfect question from the cue, then answer it for yourself (yes or no).
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+SHOW_PROMPT
+RUBRIC: The learner must form a present perfect question using the cue (e.g. "Have you ever played soccer?") and give a matching short answer ("Yes, I have" or "No, I haven't"). The answer may truthfully be yes or no — learner's choice.
+
+EXAMPLE
+PROMPT: play/baseball
+RESPONSE: Have you ever played baseball? Yes, I have.
+
+PROMPT: go/beach
+RESPONSE: Have you ever gone to the beach? Yes, I have.
+
+PROMPT: play/soccer
+RESPONSE: Have you ever played soccer? No, I haven't.
+
+PROMPT: meet/general
+RESPONSE: Have you ever met a general? No, I haven't.
+
+PROMPT: fly/airplane
+RESPONSE: Have you ever flown in an airplane? Yes, I have.
+
+PROMPT: visit/New York City
+RESPONSE: Have you ever visited New York City? No, I haven't.
+
+PROMPT: have/automobile accident
+RESPONSE: Have you ever had an automobile accident? No, I haven't.
+
+PROMPT: forget/something important
+RESPONSE: Have you ever forgotten something important? Yes, I have.
+
+# Source: ST §How Many Times Have You Eaten in the Mess Hall This Week?
+$PRODUCE How Many Have You...?
+ID: l2-s24
+INTRO: Last drill of this part — promise. Ask a "how many" question in the present perfect from the cue, then answer it about yourself.
+INSTRUCTION: Ask a present perfect question with "how many" using the cue, then answer it.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+SHOW_PROMPT
+RUBRIC: The learner must ask a present perfect question starting with "how many" using the cue words, and then provide a plausible answer in the present perfect. Any plausible quantity is acceptable.
+
+EXAMPLE
+PROMPT: letters/get (this week)
+RESPONSE: How many letters have you gotten this week? I've gotten only one letter this week.
+
+EXAMPLE
+PROMPT: letters/write (today)
+RESPONSE: How many letters have you written today? I haven't written any letters today.
+
+PROMPT: meals/eat (today)
+RESPONSE: How many meals have you eaten today? I've eaten two meals today.
+
+PROMPT: miles/walk (this week)
+RESPONSE: How many miles have you walked this week? I've walked three miles this week.
+
+PROMPT: sodas/drink (today)
+RESPONSE: How many sodas have you drunk today? I haven't drunk any sodas today.
+
+PROMPT: tests/take (this week)
+RESPONSE: How many tests have you taken this week? I've taken one test this week.
+
+PROMPT: cigarettes/smoke (today)
+RESPONSE: How many cigarettes have you smoked today? I haven't smoked any cigarettes today.
+
+PROMPT: telephone calls/make (this week)
+RESPONSE: How many telephone calls have you made this week? I've made five telephone calls this week.
+
+PROMPT: cups of coffee/drink (today)
+RESPONSE: How many cups of coffee have you drunk today? I've drunk two cups of coffee today.
+
+PROMPT: pages of homework/do (this week)
+RESPONSE: How many pages of homework have you done this week? I've done ten pages of homework this week.
+
+# SKIPPED (book): Writing Skill "READ AND LISTEN. UNDERLINE AND NUMBER." — paragraph annotation task with instructor-read questions.
+
+$LESSON 2-4: So and Or
+
+# Source: ST §Do You Need an Appointment Today, or Can You Wait Until Monday?
+$DIALOGUE Choices and Results
+ID: l2-s25
+INTRO: In this part you'll learn to join two sentences into one — "or" for a choice, "so" for a result. First, hear both at work in three tiny scenes.
+INSTRUCTION: Read the dialogs.
+
+Clerk: Can you wait until Monday, or do you need an appointment today? {st-page_064_001.jpg}
+Maria: I really feel awful, so I need an appointment right away. {st-page_064_001.jpg}
+
+Steven: I don't have any cash, so I'll have to write a check. {st-page_064_002.jpg}
+Waiter: You can write a check, or you can charge your meal if you want to. {st-page_064_002.jpg}
+
+Tommy: Does Rex have to stay outside, or can he come in the house? {st-page_064_003.jpg}
+Mother: He's wet and dirty, so please keep him outside. {st-page_064_003.jpg}
+
+# Source: LLA 2B Grammar (so/or sentences)
+$DIALOGUE Sentences with So and Or
+ID: 2b-grammar1
+INTRO: Now listen to sentences connected by "so" and "or", and repeat each one. Notice which word gives a result and which gives a choice.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
+REPEAT
+
+LINE: The movie was boring. So we went home. {bk12-l2b-f2-g1-01.mp3}
+LINE: We can go to dinner. Or we can go to the movies. {bk12-l2b-f2-g1-02.mp3}
+LINE: Fred was sick. So he didn't go to Al's party. {bk12-l2b-f2-g1-03.mp3}
+LINE: You can give it to me. Or you can give it to my secretary. {bk12-l2b-f2-g1-04.mp3}
+LINE: It was snowing. So we stayed at home. {bk12-l2b-f2-g1-05.mp3}
+LINE: I can fly. Or I can take the train. {bk12-l2b-f2-g1-06.mp3}
+LINE: Jim had a fever and a bad cough. So he went to the doctor. {bk12-l2b-f2-g1-07.mp3}
+LINE: You can have chicken soup. Or you can have a chicken sandwich. {bk12-l2b-f2-g1-08.mp3}
+
+# Source: ST §I Don't Have Any Money, So I Need to Write a Check
+$GRAMMAR So: Situation and Result
+ID: l2-s26
+INTRO: Here's the rule for "so" in one small table: the situation comes first, and "so" introduces the result.
+
+We use the conjunction **so** to express the result of a situation.
+
+| SITUATION | RESULT |
+|---|---|
+| Because I don't have any cash, | I'll write a check. |
+| I don't have any cash, | **so** I'll write a check. |
+
+{I don't have any cash, so I'll write a check.}
+
+# Source: ST §Use "So"
+$PRODUCE Use "So"
+ID: l2-s27
+INTRO: Take each "because" sentence and say it again with "so" — situation first, result second. No "because" allowed.
+INSTRUCTION: Change the sentence aloud. Use "so" to show the result. (Don't use "because".)
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+SHOW_PROMPT
+
+EXAMPLE
+PROMPT: Because it was raining, we took a taxi.
+RESPONSE: It was raining, so we took a taxi.
+
+PROMPT: Because we didn't have classes on Friday, we went to the beach.
+RESPONSE: We didn't have classes on Friday, so we went to the beach.
+
+PROMPT: Because we wanted to spend all day there, we decided to leave early.
+RESPONSE: We wanted to spend all day there, so we decided to leave early.
+
+PROMPT: Because Tom and Doug had to work, they couldn't go.
+RESPONSE: Tom and Doug had to work, so they couldn't go.
+
+PROMPT: Because Dave's car was out of gas, we went in Jack's car.
+RESPONSE: Dave's car was out of gas, so we went in Jack's car.
+
+PROMPT: Because Jack was tired, Mike drove.
+RESPONSE: Jack was tired, so Mike drove.
+
+PROMPT: Because we were hungry, we stopped and ate lunch on the way.
+RESPONSE: We were hungry, so we stopped and ate lunch on the way.
+
+PROMPT: Because the water was cold, we didn't swim much.
+RESPONSE: The water was cold, so we didn't swim much.
+
+PROMPT: Because I forgot to take a towel, Jack lent me one of his.
+RESPONSE: I forgot to take a towel, so Jack lent me one of his.
+
+# Source: ST §I Can Pay Cash for the Gas, or I Can Charge It
+$GRAMMAR Or: A Choice Between Two
+ID: l2-s28
+INTRO: And here's "or" — it joins two possibilities into one sentence about a choice.
+
+We use the conjunction **or** to express a choice.
+
+| | | |
+|---|---|---|
+| We can charge the gas. | | We can pay cash for it. |
+| We can charge the gas, | **or** | we can pay cash for it. |
+
+{We can charge the gas, or we can pay cash for it.}
+
+# Source: ST §Use "Or"
+$PRODUCE Use "Or"
+ID: l2-s29
+INTRO: Combine each pair of sentences into one with "or". Questions stay questions — just join them.
+INSTRUCTION: Combine the two sentences aloud. Use "or" to express a choice.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+SHOW_PROMPT
+
+EXAMPLE
+PROMPT: We can go now. We can leave later.
+RESPONSE: We can go now, or we can leave later.
+
+PROMPT: We can listen to a tape. I can turn on the radio.
+RESPONSE: We can listen to a tape, or I can turn on the radio.
+
+PROMPT: We can live in the barracks. We can rent an apartment.
+RESPONSE: We can live in the barracks, or we can rent an apartment.
+
+PROMPT: You may take the test Friday. You may wait until Monday.
+RESPONSE: You may take the test Friday, or you may wait until Monday.
+
+PROMPT: Can you answer the telephone? Do you want me to do it?
+RESPONSE: Can you answer the telephone, or do you want me to do it?
+
+PROMPT: Do you have to leave today? Can you wait until tomorrow?
+RESPONSE: Do you have to leave today, or can you wait until tomorrow?
+
+PROMPT: Could you lend me two dollars? Should I ask someone else?
+RESPONSE: Could you lend me two dollars, or should I ask someone else?
+
+PROMPT: The children can stay with Aunt Kate. They can come with us.
+RESPONSE: The children can stay with Aunt Kate, or they can come with us.
+
+PROMPT: Does Jan still want to study math in college? Has she changed her mind?
+RESPONSE: Does Jan still want to study math in college, or has she changed her mind?
+
+# Source: ST §I'll Watch TV, or I'll Read a Book
+$PRODUCE Ask and Answer with "Or"
+ID: l2-s30
+INTRO: Now use "or" inside little conversations. Build the question or answer from the cues in parentheses and say it aloud.
+INSTRUCTION: Ask and answer questions in the dialog aloud. Use "or" and the cues.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+SHOW_PROMPT
+
+EXAMPLE
+PROMPT: Sam: What will you do this evening? / Pat: (read a book/watch TV)
+RESPONSE: I'll read a book, or I'll watch TV.
+
+EXAMPLE
+PROMPT: Pat: (go to a movie/go shopping)
+RESPONSE: Did you go to a movie, or did you go shopping?
+
+PROMPT: Ted: How will you get to your next base? / Tod: (fly/drive with a friend)
+RESPONSE: I'll fly, or I'll drive with a friend.
+
+PROMPT: John: (accept university's offer/refuse it)? / Mike: I'll accept it.
+RESPONSE: Will you accept the university's offer, or will you refuse it?
+
+PROMPT: Lucy: What will Donna do when she finishes high school? / Mary: (go to college/get a job)
+RESPONSE: She'll go to college, or she'll get a job.
+
+PROMPT: Al: (have car trouble/sleep late)? / Ed: I had car trouble.
+RESPONSE: Did you have car trouble, or did you sleep late?
+
+PROMPT: Dan: Where can the students get that book? / Jan: (borrow from the library/buy at a store)
+RESPONSE: They can borrow it from the library, or they can buy it at a store.
+
+PROMPT: Carl: How can I apologize to Mr. Williams? / Mark: (call/write a letter)
+RESPONSE: You can call, or you can write a letter.
+
+PROMPT: Harry: (want to get married/plan to stay single)? / Larry: I plan to stay single for a few years.
+RESPONSE: Do you want to get married, or do you plan to stay single?
+
+PROMPT: Kim: If Al doesn't have any cash, how can he pay for his meal? / Lou: (charge it/write a check)
+RESPONSE: He can charge it, or he can write a check.
+
+PROMPT: Wendy: What should I do with this flat tire? / Cindy: (repair it/replace it)
+RESPONSE: You can repair it, or you can replace it.
+
+PROMPT: Ken: (should write with a pen/can use pencil)? / Ben: You should write with a pen.
+RESPONSE: Should I write with a pen, or can I use a pencil?
+
+# Source: LLA 2B Figure 3
+$SELECT Finish the Sentence
+ID: 2b-f3
+INTRO: You'll hear the first half of a sentence. Tap the "so" or "or" phrase that best completes it, then repeat the whole thing.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap the phrase that completes the sentence.
+REPEAT
+
+OPTION: a | so we didn't go to the lake.
+OPTION: b | or he can retire.
+OPTION: c | so his mother picked him up.
+OPTION: d | or do you need to think it over?
+OPTION: e | or he can take the bus.
+OPTION: f | so she'll have to take a lot of medical courses.
+OPTION: g | or she can stay in a motel.
+OPTION: h | so he'll take courses in the field of education.
+
+PROMPT: The baby was crying. {bk12-l2b-f3-01-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: c
+FEEDBACK: {bk12-l2b-f3-01-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Fred can ride with me. {bk12-l2b-f3-02-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: e
+FEEDBACK: {bk12-l2b-f3-02-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Sergeant Richards can work 3 more years. {bk12-l2b-f3-03-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: b
+FEEDBACK: {bk12-l2b-f3-03-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Joanne wants to be a doctor. {bk12-l2b-f3-04-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: f
+FEEDBACK: {bk12-l2b-f3-04-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Can you accept my offer? {bk12-l2b-f3-05-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: d
+FEEDBACK: {bk12-l2b-f3-05-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Bob chose teaching as a career. {bk12-l2b-f3-06-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: h
+FEEDBACK: {bk12-l2b-f3-06-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: It was raining very hard. {bk12-l2b-f3-07-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: a
+FEEDBACK: {bk12-l2b-f3-07-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Julie can stay with her sister. {bk12-l2b-f3-08-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: g
+FEEDBACK: {bk12-l2b-f3-08-a.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 2C Figure 3
+$SELECT Or or So?
+ID: 2c-f3
+INTRO: Listen to two sentences and decide which word joins them — OR for a choice, SO for a result. Then repeat the combined sentence.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap OR or SO.
+REPEAT
+OPTION: or | OR
+OPTION: so | SO
+
+EXAMPLE
+PROMPT: Larry can drive all night. He can stay in a hotel. {bk12-l2c-f3-ex-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: or
+FEEDBACK: Larry can drive all night, or he can stay in a hotel. {bk12-l2c-f3-ex-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Jim woke up late. He arrived at work late. {bk12-l2c-f3-01-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: so
+FEEDBACK: Jim woke up late, so he arrived at work late. {bk12-l2c-f3-01-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Peter will not be here on Friday. He can't go to Tom's party. {bk12-l2c-f3-02-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: so
+FEEDBACK: Peter will not be here on Friday, so he can't go to Tom's party. {bk12-l2c-f3-02-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Alan can eat with us. He can eat with the Moors. {bk12-l2c-f3-03-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: or
+FEEDBACK: Alan can eat with us, or he can eat with the Moors. {bk12-l2c-f3-03-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Charlie borrowed $400. He can buy a plane ticket for his vacation. {bk12-l2c-f3-04-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: so
+FEEDBACK: Charlie borrowed $400, so he can buy a plane ticket for his vacation. {bk12-l2c-f3-04-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Captain Richards made a 95 on his quiz. He was very happy. {bk12-l2c-f3-05-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: so
+FEEDBACK: Captain Richards made a 95 on his quiz, so he was very happy. {bk12-l2c-f3-05-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Frank can work late tonight. He can come to work early tomorrow. {bk12-l2c-f3-06-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: or
+FEEDBACK: Frank can work late tonight, or he can come to work early tomorrow. {bk12-l2c-f3-06-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: George can help his dad with the yard. He can stay home Saturday night. {bk12-l2c-f3-07-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: or
+FEEDBACK: George can help his dad with the yard, or he can stay home Saturday night. {bk12-l2c-f3-07-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: You can use the stairs. You can use the escalator. {bk12-l2c-f3-08-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: or
+FEEDBACK: You can use the stairs, or you can use the escalator. {bk12-l2c-f3-08-a.mp3}
+
+# Source: ST §Combine With So or Or
+$PRODUCE Combine with So or Or
+ID: l2-s31
+INTRO: Your turn to do the joining. Read the two sentences and say them as one, choosing "so" or "or" yourself.
+INSTRUCTION: Combine these two sentences aloud. Use "or" or "so".
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+SHOW_PROMPT
+
+EXAMPLE
+PROMPT: We didn't like the movie. We left early.
+RESPONSE: We didn't like the movie, so we left early.
+
+EXAMPLE
+PROMPT: The children can watch TV. They can go to a movie.
+RESPONSE: The children can watch TV, or they can go to a movie.
+
+PROMPT: We can go out tonight. We can stay home.
+RESPONSE: We can go out tonight, or we can stay home.
+
+PROMPT: Albert didn't feel well. He didn't come to work today.
+RESPONSE: Albert didn't feel well, so he didn't come to work today.
+
+PROMPT: The other driver can slow down. He can speed up.
+RESPONSE: The other driver can slow down, or he can speed up.
+
+PROMPT: Alan wants to be an airplane mechanic. He's going to a technical school.
+RESPONSE: Alan wants to be an airplane mechanic, so he's going to a technical school.
+
+PROMPT: Alice doesn't want to live in Houston. She's turning down the job offer.
+RESPONSE: Alice doesn't want to live in Houston, so she's turning down the job offer.
+
+PROMPT: The students can rent a car. They can borrow one.
+RESPONSE: The students can rent a car, or they can borrow one.
+
+PROMPT: The store manager can refund your money. He can credit your account.
+RESPONSE: The store manager can refund your money, or he can credit your account.
+
+PROMPT: Alicia's only in the fifth grade. She isn't worried about her future yet.
+RESPONSE: Alicia's only in the fifth grade, so she isn't worried about her future yet.
+
+PROMPT: Adam has decided to retire. This is his last tour of duty.
+RESPONSE: Adam has decided to retire, so this is his last tour of duty.
+
+PROMPT: You can return the dress to the store. You can exchange it for another one.
+RESPONSE: You can return the dress to the store, or you can exchange it for another one.
+
+# Source: ST §Ted's Feeling Better
+$PRODUCE Combine with And, But, So, or Or
+ID: l2-s32
+INTRO: Last one for this part — type the combined sentence, using the conjunction in parentheses. Capital letters and punctuation count this time, so type carefully.
+INSTRUCTION: Type the combined sentence. Use the conjunction in parentheses.
+INPUT: type
+CHECK: exact
+NORMALIZE: strict
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: Susan retired at age 62. Her husband kept working. (but)
+RESPONSE: Susan retired at age 62, but her husband kept working.
+
+TEMPLATE: Tom refused to go to the party. His wife did, too. (and)
+RESPONSE: Tom refused to go to the party, and his wife did, too.
+
+TEMPLATE: He didn't get the job. He cannot pay the rent. (so)
+RESPONSE: He didn't get the job, so he cannot pay the rent.
+
+TEMPLATE: It's raining today. I will take my umbrella. (so)
+RESPONSE: It's raining today, so I will take my umbrella.
+
+TEMPLATE: Will you go to college? Will you get a job? (or)
+RESPONSE: Will you go to college, or will you get a job?
+
+TEMPLATE: Alex went to college. Mary didn't. (but)
+RESPONSE: Alex went to college, but Mary didn't.
+
+TEMPLATE: Tom wanted to be a doctor. He didn't want to go to college. (but)
+RESPONSE: Tom wanted to be a doctor, but he didn't want to go to college.
+
+TEMPLATE: Tom learned English at the university. His future looks good. (and)
+RESPONSE: Tom learned English at the university, and his future looks good.
+
+TEMPLATE: Did Alex select a career in mechanics? Did he select a career in the military? (or)
+RESPONSE: Did Alex select a career in mechanics, or did he select a career in the military?
+
+$LESSON 2-5: Talking About Decisions
+
+# Source: LLA 2D Vocabulary
+$PRODUCE Career Words: Listen and Answer
+ID: 12-l2d-vocab
+INTRO: In this part you'll put your decision words to work in real conversations. First, a review by ear: listen to each word and its example, then answer the question aloud.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer the question aloud.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+REPEAT
+
+PROMPT: Career. Larry wants a career in the military. He wants to work in the military for 20 years. What does Larry want? {bk12-l2d-f1-01.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He wants a career in the military. {bk12-l2d-f1-01.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Choice. Tom has a choice. He can be a lawyer, or he can be a teacher. What does Tom have? {bk12-l2d-f1-02.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He has a choice. {bk12-l2d-f1-02.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Courses. Janet is going to take 5 courses next year. She will have 5 classes. What is Janet going to take next year? {bk12-l2d-f1-03.mp3}
+RESPONSE: She's going to take 5 courses. {bk12-l2d-f1-03.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Professional. Pele was a professional soccer player. He played for money. Who was Pele? {bk12-l2d-f1-04.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He was a professional soccer player. {bk12-l2d-f1-04.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Medical. My brother is going to medical school. He's going to be a doctor. What is your brother doing? {bk12-l2d-f1-05.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He's going to medical school. {bk12-l2d-f1-05.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Degree. Harold graduated from the university last month. He got his degree in history. What did Harold get his degree in? {bk12-l2d-f1-06.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He got his degree in history. {bk12-l2d-f1-06.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: High school. John will be 18 years old when he finishes his last year of high school. How old will John be when he finishes high school? {bk12-l2d-f1-07.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He'll be 18 when he finishes high school. {bk12-l2d-f1-07.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Technical. Roger finished technical school. He learned how to fix cars. What did Roger learn in technical school? {bk12-l2d-f1-08.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He learned how to fix cars. {bk12-l2d-f1-08.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Talk over. Her husband wants to buy a new car. They're going to talk it over tonight. Is her husband going to buy a new car? {bk12-l2d-f1-09.mp3}
+RESPONSE: I don't know. They're going to talk it over tonight. {bk12-l2d-f1-09.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 2D Figures 1 & 2 (dialogue)
+$DIALOGUE School Is Out
+ID: 12-l2d-f1
+INTRO: Jack and Don are finishing their last week of school, and Jack already has his future mapped out. Just listen.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.
+
+Jack: Well, Don, Friday is our last day. {bk12-l2d-f1-10.mp3}
+Don: Yeah, Jack, it is. What are you going to do now that school is out? {bk12-l2d-f1-11.mp3}
+Jack: I've been accepted at the university. I'll start there in September. {bk12-l2d-f1-12.mp3}
+Don: What courses will you take? {bk12-l2d-f1-13.mp3}
+Jack: I have chosen business as my career field, so I'll take the courses they offer for that field. {bk12-l2d-f1-14.mp3}
+Don: It sounds like you have a good future ahead of you. {bk12-l2d-f1-15.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 2D Figure 1 (role-play, Don)
+$PRODUCE Play Don's Part
+ID: 12-l2d-f1-b
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: Now you're Don, asking about Jack's plans. Listen to Jack, then say your line aloud.
+INSTRUCTION: Read Don's lines aloud.
+REPEAT
+
+PROMPT: Well, Don, Friday is our last day. {bk12-l2d-f1-10.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: Yeah, Jack, it is. What are you going to do now that school is out?
+RESPONSE: Yeah, Jack, it is. What are you going to do now that school is out? {bk12-l2d-f1-11.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: I've been accepted at the university. I'll start there in September. {bk12-l2d-f1-12.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: What courses will you take?
+RESPONSE: What courses will you take? {bk12-l2d-f1-13.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: I have chosen business as my career field, so I'll take the courses they offer for that field. {bk12-l2d-f1-14.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: It sounds like you have a good future ahead of you.
+RESPONSE: It sounds like you have a good future ahead of you. {bk12-l2d-f1-15.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 2D Figure 2 (role-play, Jack)
+$PRODUCE Play Jack's Part: School Is Out
+ID: 12-l2d-f2
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: Switch roles — now you're Jack, the one with the plan. You begin the conversation.
+INSTRUCTION: Read Jack's lines aloud.
+REPEAT
+
+TEMPLATE: Well, Don, Friday is our last day.
+RESPONSE: Well, Don, Friday is our last day. {bk12-l2d-f1-10.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Yeah, Jack, it is. What are you going to do now that school is out? {bk12-l2d-f1-11.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: I've been accepted at the university. I'll start there in September.
+RESPONSE: I've been accepted at the university. I'll start there in September. {bk12-l2d-f1-12.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: What courses will you take? {bk12-l2d-f1-13.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: I have chosen business as my career field, so I'll take the courses they offer for that field.
+RESPONSE: I have chosen business as my career field, so I'll take the courses they offer for that field. {bk12-l2d-f1-14.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 2D Figures 3 & 4 (dialogue)
+$DIALOGUE A Job Offer
+ID: 12-l2d-f3
+INTRO: A son comes home with a job offer, and his mother is ready to talk it over — whether he wants to or not. Just listen.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.
+
+Son: Mom, I got a job offer from the phone company today. {bk12-l2d-f2-01.mp3}
+Mom: Is it a good offer? {bk12-l2d-f2-02.mp3}
+Son: I think so. It pays $75 more a month than the job I have now, and they will pay me for any college courses that help me with the job. {bk12-l2d-f2-03.mp3}
+Mom: It sounds good. {bk12-l2d-f2-04.mp3}
+Son: Well, I'll think it over. They don't need an answer until Wednesday. {bk12-l2d-f2-05.mp3}
+Mom: Just remember, I'm here if you want to discuss it. {bk12-l2d-f2-06.mp3}
+Son: Thanks, Mom. {bk12-l2d-f2-07.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 2D Figure 3 (role-play, Mom)
+$PRODUCE Play Mom's Part
+ID: 12-l2d-f3-b
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: Now you're the mother. Listen to your son, then say your line aloud.
+INSTRUCTION: Read the mother's lines aloud.
+REPEAT
+
+PROMPT: Mom, I got a job offer from the phone company today. {bk12-l2d-f2-01.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: Is it a good offer?
+RESPONSE: Is it a good offer? {bk12-l2d-f2-02.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: I think so. It pays $75 more a month than the job I have now, and they will pay me for any college courses that help me with the job. {bk12-l2d-f2-03.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: It sounds good.
+RESPONSE: It sounds good. {bk12-l2d-f2-04.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Well, I'll think it over. They don't need an answer until Wednesday. {bk12-l2d-f2-05.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: Just remember, I'm here if you want to discuss it.
+RESPONSE: Just remember, I'm here if you want to discuss it. {bk12-l2d-f2-06.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 2D Figure 4 (role-play, Son)
+$PRODUCE Play the Son's Part
+ID: 12-l2d-f4
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: Switch roles — this time you're the son with the offer. You begin the conversation.
+INSTRUCTION: Read the son's lines aloud.
+REPEAT
+
+TEMPLATE: Mom, I got a job offer from the phone company today.
+RESPONSE: Mom, I got a job offer from the phone company today. {bk12-l2d-f2-01.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Is it a good offer? {bk12-l2d-f2-02.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: I think so. It pays seventy-five dollars more a month than the job I have now. And they will pay for any college courses that help me with the job.
+RESPONSE: I think so. It pays $75 more a month than the job I have now, and they will pay me for any college courses that help me with the job. {bk12-l2d-f2-03.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: It sounds good. {bk12-l2d-f2-04.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: Well, I'll think it over. They don't need an answer until Wednesday.
+RESPONSE: Well, I'll think it over. They don't need an answer until Wednesday. {bk12-l2d-f2-05.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Just remember, I'm here if you want to discuss it. {bk12-l2d-f2-06.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: Thanks, Mom.
+RESPONSE: Thanks, Mom. {bk12-l2d-f2-07.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 2D Figures 5 & 6 (dialogue)
+$DIALOGUE A New Car
+ID: 12-l2d-f5
+INTRO: Tony's car has finally made the decision for him — a $600 repair bill will do that. Listen to him and Glen.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.
+
+Glen: Hey Tony, you really need a new car. {bk12-l2d-f4-01.mp3}
+Tony: I know, Glenn. Last night when the mechanic told me that I needed $600 to fix it, I decided to buy a new car. {bk12-l2d-f4-02.mp3}
+Glen: What kind are you going to buy? {bk12-l2d-f4-03.mp3}
+Tony: I've decided to buy an American car. They're easier for mechanics to repair. {bk12-l2d-f4-04.mp3}
+Glen: Bring it to my house when you get it. I want to ride in it. {bk12-l2d-f4-05.mp3}
+Tony: Okay, Glenn. See you in about 2 weeks. {bk12-l2d-f4-06.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 2D Figure 5 (role-play, Tony)
+$PRODUCE Play Tony's Part
+ID: 12-l2d-f5-b
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: Now you're Tony, the man buying the car. Listen to Glen, then say your line aloud.
+INSTRUCTION: Read Tony's lines aloud.
+REPEAT
+
+PROMPT: Hey Tony, you really need a new car. {bk12-l2d-f4-01.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: I know, Glen. Last night when the mechanic told me that I needed six hundred dollars to fix it, I decided to buy a new car.
+RESPONSE: I know, Glenn. Last night when the mechanic told me that I needed $600 to fix it, I decided to buy a new car. {bk12-l2d-f4-02.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: What kind are you going to buy? {bk12-l2d-f4-03.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: I've decided to buy an American car. They're easier for mechanics to repair.
+RESPONSE: I've decided to buy an American car. They're easier for mechanics to repair. {bk12-l2d-f4-04.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Bring it to my house when you get it. I want to ride in it. {bk12-l2d-f4-05.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: Okay, Glen. See you in about two weeks.
+RESPONSE: Okay, Glenn. See you in about 2 weeks. {bk12-l2d-f4-06.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 2D Figure 6 (role-play, Glen)
+$PRODUCE Play Glen's Part
+ID: 12-l2d-f6
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: Switch roles — you're Glen, who mostly wants a ride in the new car. You begin the conversation.
+INSTRUCTION: Read Glen's lines aloud.
+REPEAT
+
+TEMPLATE: Hey, Tony, you really need a new car.
+RESPONSE: Hey Tony, you really need a new car. {bk12-l2d-f4-01.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: I know, Glenn. Last night when the mechanic told me that I needed $600 to fix it, I decided to buy a new car. {bk12-l2d-f4-02.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: What kind are you going to buy?
+RESPONSE: What kind are you going to buy? {bk12-l2d-f4-03.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: I've decided to buy an American car. They're easier for mechanics to repair. {bk12-l2d-f4-04.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: Bring it to my house when you get it. I want a ride in it.
+RESPONSE: Bring it to my house when you get it. I want to ride in it. {bk12-l2d-f4-05.mp3}
+
+# Source: ST §Why Did You Do That?
+$DIALOGUE Why Did You Do That?
+ID: l2-s33
+INTRO: Tim has made up his mind about a job offer — Denver, not Dallas. Joe wants to know everything. Listen and repeat.
+INSTRUCTION: Repeat and read the dialog.
+REPEAT
+
+Joe: What did you decide to do about the job offers?
+Tim: I've decided to take the one in Denver.
+
+Joe: Instead of the one in Dallas? Why did you do that?
+Tim: The pay is good, and I can take some courses there.
+
+Joe: When do you plan to leave?
+Tim: Sometime next month.
+
+Joe: How are you going to get there? By plane?
+Tim: No, I'm going to take my car instead.
+
+Joe: Where are you going to live in Denver?
+Tim: I haven't made up my mind yet.
+
+# Source: ST §What Did You Decide?
+$DIALOGUE Asking About Decisions
+ID: l2-s34
+INTRO: Here's your toolbox for asking about other people's decisions. Listen and repeat each question.
+INSTRUCTION: Repeat and read these questions about decisions.
+REPEAT
+
+LINE: What did you decide?
+LINE: What are you going to do?
+LINE: What have you decided to do?
+LINE: Have you made up your mind?
+LINE: Have you made a decision?
+LINE: Have you changed your mind?
+LINE: Where have you decided to go?
+LINE: Which offer are you going to accept?
+LINE: Did you decide to do it?
+LINE: Did you decide not to do it?
+LINE: When are you going to do it?
+LINE: Why did you make that choice?
+
+# Source: ST §I've Decided to Take the Job
+$DIALOGUE Announcing Decisions
+ID: l2-s36
+INTRO: And here's the other side — how to announce a decision once you've made one. Listen and repeat.
+INSTRUCTION: Repeat and read these sentences about decisions.
+REPEAT
+
+LINE: I've decided to take the job.
+LINE: I finally made up my mind. I'm going to refuse the offer.
+LINE: I've changed my mind. I'm not going to buy a car.
+LINE: I've made a decision. I'm going to finish my education.
+LINE: I've made up my mind. I'm going to go to the university.
+LINE: I've made a choice between courses. I'm going to take German instead of French.
+LINE: I've thought it over carefully. I'm not going to take German. I'm going to take French instead.
+LINE: I've made a decision. I'm going to turn down the offer.
+
+# Source: ST §Have You Made Up Your Mind?
+$PRODUCE Ask About the Decision
+ID: l2-s35
+INTRO: Read each situation, then ask the person a question about their decision — any correct question that fits the situation works.
+INSTRUCTION: Read the information, and then ask a question about the decision aloud.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+SHOW_PROMPT
+RUBRIC: The learner must ask a grammatically correct question about the decision relevant to the prompted situation.
+
+EXAMPLE
+PROMPT: Your friend is trying to select a college.
+RESPONSE: Have you made up your mind about a college?
+
+EXAMPLE
+PROMPT: Your sister is trying to choose a car.
+RESPONSE: Which car did you decide to buy?
+
+PROMPT: Your friend lives on base. He wants to move off base, so he is looking for an apartment.
+RESPONSE: Have you decided on an apartment?
+
+PROMPT: Your friend has talked to you about his vacation. He has been thinking about two different places.
+RESPONSE: Which place have you decided to go to for your vacation?
+
+PROMPT: Your friend will be graduating from high school soon. She wants to be a mechanic. She is thinking about two different technical schools.
+RESPONSE: Have you made up your mind about which technical school to go to?
+
+PROMPT: Your friend has just received a job offer from a large department store. You want to know what she will decide.
+RESPONSE: Have you decided to accept the job offer?
+
+# SKIPPED (book): "WHAT ARE YOU GOING TO DO?" (answer instructor-read open questions) and "WHO? WHAT? WHEN? WHERE? WHY? HOW?" (open pair task) — instructor-led / pair activities with no solo path.
+
+# Source: ST §I've Made My Decision
+$PRODUCE I've Made My Decision
+ID: l2-s37
+INTRO: Now put questions and answers together in one conversation. Read what each person wants to know and what the other decided, then act out the whole exchange aloud.
+INSTRUCTION: Read the chart aloud by asking and answering questions about the decision.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: Al wants to know: Is Ed going to take a vacation? / when? / where? / who? / why? / how?
+TEMPLATE: Ed has decided: He is going on a vacation. / the beach / with family / fly / in the winter / Florida
+RESPONSE: Have you made a decision about a vacation? Yes, I've decided to take two weeks. Where did you decide to go? We're thinking of going to Florida. Is your family going with you? Yes, the kids want to go to the beach. When are you going? In the winter. Are you going to drive or fly? We'll fly down.
+
+TEMPLATE: John wants to know: Is Paul going to rent a house or an apartment? / when? / where? / why? / how many?
+TEMPLATE: Paul has decided: He is going to rent a house. / needs more rooms / near work / three bedrooms / next week
+RESPONSE: Are you going to rent a house or an apartment? I am going to rent a house. When are you going to rent it? Next week. Where will it be? Near work. Why a house? Because I need more rooms. How many bedrooms? Three bedrooms.
+
+TEMPLATE: Sam wants to know: Is Pat going to buy a new or a used car? / when? / where? / how much / why?
+TEMPLATE: Pat has decided: He is going to buy a new car. / cheaper / this month / about $8,000 / in Houston
+RESPONSE: Are you going to buy a new or a used car? I'm going to buy a new car. When are you buying it? This month. Where are you going to buy it? In Houston. How much will it cost? About $8,000. Why in Houston? Because it's cheaper.
+
+TEMPLATE: Mark wants to know: Is Nick going to college? / when? / where? / why? / how?
+TEMPLATE: Nick has decided: He's going to a university. / less expensive / fly / in the fall / state university
+RESPONSE: Are you going to college? I'm going to a university. When are you going? In the fall. Where is it? It's a state university. Why are you going there? Because it's less expensive. How will you get there? I'll fly.
+
+$LESSON 2-6: Putting It Together
+
+# Source: LLA 2D Figure 7 (reading)
+$GRAMMAR Reading: Carl and Patty
+ID: 12-l2d-f7
+INTRO: Last part — everything from this lesson working together: reading, listening, and a dictation. Start by reading these two short paragraphs; questions follow.
+
+**Paragraph 1**
+
+Carl just graduated from high school. He will go to a university next fall. He has chosen teaching as his profession. He will take courses in English, math, and, of course, education.
+
+**Paragraph 2**
+
+Patty is a teacher. She has two teaching fields. She teaches English, and she teaches German. She has four classes of English and two classes of German.
+
+# Source: LLA 2D Figure 7 (questions)
+$PRODUCE Questions About Carl and Patty
+ID: 12-l2d-f7-b
+REFERENCE
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: Now answer the questions about Carl and Patty aloud. Short answers are fine — the paragraphs are there if you need them.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer the questions.
+REPEAT
+
+PROMPT: Where will Carl go next fall? {bk12-l2d-f7-01-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: A university. {bk12-l2d-f7-01-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: What has he chosen as his profession? {bk12-l2d-f7-02-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Teaching. {bk12-l2d-f7-02-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: What courses will he take? {bk12-l2d-f7-03-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: English, math, and education. {bk12-l2d-f7-03-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: What is Patty's profession? {bk12-l2d-f7-04-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Teacher. {bk12-l2d-f7-04-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: What are her two teaching fields? {bk12-l2d-f7-05-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: English and German. {bk12-l2d-f7-05-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: How many classes of English does she have? {bk12-l2d-f7-06-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Four. {bk12-l2d-f7-06-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: How many classes of German does she have? {bk12-l2d-f7-07-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Two. {bk12-l2d-f7-07-a.mp3}
+
+# Source: ST §Select the Meaning
+$SELECT Select the Meaning
+ID: l2-s19
+INTRO: Read each sentence and use the context to figure out what the underlined word means. Then tap the closest meaning.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap the word with the same meaning as the emphasized word.
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: Tony used an *almanac* in the library to find out more about the country of Kuwait.
+OPTION: a | a kind of tool
+OPTION: b | a kind of radio
+OPTION: c | a kind of book
+ANSWER: c
+
+TEMPLATE: Everyone enjoyed the wedding *reception* which was held at the Ronco Hotel.
+OPTION: a | party
+OPTION: b | meeting
+OPTION: c | show
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: I had a good *idea* last night about how to fix this radio, but now I can't remember it.
+OPTION: a | a tool
+OPTION: b | some money
+OPTION: c | a thought
+ANSWER: c
+
+TEMPLATE: The animals were put in the *barn* to keep them dry during the storm.
+OPTION: a | a building
+OPTION: b | a park
+OPTION: c | a yard
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: She wants to be near her job. She doesn't like to live in the city, so she lives on the *outskirts*.
+OPTION: a | a place near a city
+OPTION: b | a place far from a city
+OPTION: c | a place in a city
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: They got a *bargain* at the store, so they had enough money to go to the movies.
+OPTION: a | something bought expensively
+OPTION: b | something bought cheaply
+OPTION: c | something fixed
+ANSWER: b
+
+# Source: LLA 2B Figure 5
+$SELECT Same Meaning
+ID: 2b-f5
+INTRO: Same skill, now by ear. Listen to the sentence, then tap the statement that means the same thing, and repeat the answer.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap the statement with the same meaning.
+REPEAT
+
+PROMPT: The coach said they had to practice again on Wednesday. {bk12-l2b-f5-01-q.mp3}
+OPTION: a | A coach teaches people sports.
+OPTION: b | A coach is a policeman.
+OPTION: c | A coach is a soldier in the Army.
+ANSWER: a
+FEEDBACK: {bk12-l2b-f5-01-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Sally doubts that she can come to dinner. She's not feeling well. {bk12-l2b-f5-02-q.mp3}
+OPTION: a | Sally thinks she can come.
+OPTION: b | Sally doesn't think she can come.
+OPTION: c | Sally doesn't want to come.
+ANSWER: b
+FEEDBACK: {bk12-l2b-f5-02-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: That new high school needs a stadium for their football, soccer, and baseball games. {bk12-l2b-f5-03-q.mp3}
+OPTION: a | The school needs a place to eat.
+OPTION: b | The school needs a quiet place to study.
+OPTION: c | The school needs a place to play sports.
+ANSWER: c
+FEEDBACK: {bk12-l2b-f5-03-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Henry got several presents for his birthday. He got a bicycle, a watch, and two small trucks. {bk12-l2b-f5-04-q.mp3}
+OPTION: a | Henry ate lots of cake.
+OPTION: b | Henry got lots of gifts.
+OPTION: c | Henry spent lots of money.
+ANSWER: b
+FEEDBACK: {bk12-l2b-f5-04-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Mary Lou bought 3 necklaces, 4 rings, and 2 pairs of earrings. {bk12-l2b-f5-05-q.mp3}
+OPTION: a | Mary Lou bought lots of jewelry.
+OPTION: b | Mary Lou bought lots of clothes.
+OPTION: c | Mary Lou bought lots of food.
+ANSWER: a
+FEEDBACK: {bk12-l2b-f5-05-a.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 2D Figure 8
+$SELECT How Do They Feel?
+ID: 12-l2d-f8
+INTRO: Listen to each short exchange and decide how the person feels. Nobody in these dialogs is having a great day.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct feeling.
+
+PROMPT: Sergeant Matthews, it's 12:45 and I haven't had lunch yet. — Don't worry, Sergeant Adams. I'll wait here until you come back. — Sergeant Adams is... {bk12-l2d-f8-01.mp3}
+OPTION: a | sick
+OPTION: b | hungry {bk12-l2d-f8-01-a.mp3}
+OPTION: c | excited
+ANSWER: b
+
+PROMPT: Mark, wake up. It's after 7. Your bus will be here in 30 minutes. — Mom, my stomach hurts. I want to stay home today. — Mark is... {bk12-l2d-f8-02.mp3}
+OPTION: a | angry
+OPTION: b | early
+OPTION: c | sick {bk12-l2d-f8-02-a.mp3}
+ANSWER: c
+
+PROMPT: Carla! I've been accepted at the university. — That's great, Lori. — Lori is... {bk12-l2d-f8-03.mp3}
+OPTION: a | happy {bk12-l2d-f8-03-a.mp3}
+OPTION: b | upset
+OPTION: c | sad
+ANSWER: a
+
+PROMPT: Private Walters, I told you to clean this floor. — I'm sorry, Sergeant Allen. I thought you said to clean this door. — Sergeant Allen is... {bk12-l2d-f8-04.mp3}
+OPTION: a | excited
+OPTION: b | sad
+OPTION: c | angry {bk12-l2d-f8-04-a.mp3}
+ANSWER: c
+
+PROMPT: Hey, Jack. Your yard really looks nice. — Thanks. It took me all day to do it. It was a lot of work. — Jack is... {bk12-l2d-f8-05.mp3}
+OPTION: a | sick
+OPTION: b | tired {bk12-l2d-f8-05-a.mp3}
+OPTION: c | glad
+ANSWER: b
+
+# Source: LLA 2C Figure 4
+$PRODUCE Dictation: Mark in California
+ID: 2c-f4
+INPUT: type
+CHECK: exact
+INTRO: Time for dictation. You'll hear a paragraph one piece at a time — type exactly what you hear.
+INSTRUCTION: Type the sentence you hear.
+
+PROMPT: Mark lived in California for six years. {bk12-l2c-f4-01-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Mark lived in California for 6 years. {bk12-l2c-f4-01-a.mp3}
+ACCEPT: Mark lived in California for six years.
+
+PROMPT: The climate was wonderful. {bk12-l2c-f4-02-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: The climate was wonderful. {bk12-l2c-f4-02-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: There was only a little humidity. {bk12-l2c-f4-03-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: There was only a little humidity. {bk12-l2c-f4-03-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: There was a nice sea breeze, and the temperatures were always warm. {bk12-l2c-f4-04-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: There was a nice sea breeze, and the temperatures were always warm. {bk12-l2c-f4-04-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: The beaches were full of people who were having a good time. {bk12-l2c-f4-05-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: The beaches were full of people who were having a good time. {bk12-l2c-f4-05-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: He really enjoyed the six years he was there. {bk12-l2c-f4-06-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He really enjoyed the 6 years he was there. {bk12-l2c-f4-06-a.mp3}
+ACCEPT: He really enjoyed the six years he was there.
+
+# Source: LLA 2D Figure 9
+$PRODUCE What's the Main Idea?
+ID: 12-l2d-f9
+INPUT: type
+CHECK: llm
+INTRO: One last task: listen to a short paragraph and type its main idea in your own words. Then this lesson is officially behind you — a decision you can be happy with.
+INSTRUCTION: Type the main idea.
+RUBRIC: Accept any reasonable summary indicating that learning a language takes time and hard work but is achievable with daily practice.
+
+PROMPT: Learning a language is not easy. It takes a lot of time and lots of hard work. You must practice speaking, reading, and writing the new language as often as you can. You must learn to think in that language, not in your own. If you study every day, you'll be speaking this new language very soon. {bk12-l2d-f9-01.mp3}
+RESPONSE: The main idea is that learning a new language isn't easy, but if you study hard, you can do it.
+
+# SKIPPED (book): Listening/Reading Skill "SUMMARIES" (read each paragraph, give an oral summary) — paragraph composition/summarizing is deferred.
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index 00000000..63818014
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index 00000000..92085e46
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index 00000000..cf36331a
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index 00000000..d5290384
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index 00000000..8290ffd2
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index 00000000..17c33e20
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index 00000000..51a18d5f
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index 00000000..7a013ccd
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index 00000000..4e625b3e
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index 00000000..591e0842
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diff --git a/book-12-lesson-2/bk12-l2d-f4-03.mp3 b/book-12-lesson-2/bk12-l2d-f4-03.mp3
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+$MODULE Book 12 · Lesson 3: We've Decided to Add On {st-page_079_001.jpg}
+FORMAT: 2
+DESCRIPTION: Houses, suburbs, and home additions; could, may, and might for possibility; -ing and -ed adjectives; indirect speech; the present perfect; plus dictation and sound practice.
+TARGET_LANG_G: en
+HOME_LANG_G: en
+VOICE_DEFAULT: aoede | Clear, friendly American English narrator
+VOICE_PROMPT: gacrux | Questions and cues, read clearly
+VOICE_RESPONSE: schedar | Model answers, warm and clear
+VOICE: Male1 | achernar | Male voice
+VOICE: Female1 | gacrux | Female voice
+VOICE: Male2 | achird | Male voice
+VOICE: Female2 | aoede | Female voice
+VOICE: SpeakerA | achernar | Male voice
+VOICE: SpeakerB | schedar | Male voice
+VOICE: Nancy | gacrux | Female voice
+VOICE: Linda | aoede | Female voice
+VOICE: Anita | aoede | Female speaker
+VOICE: Oscar | achernar | Male speaker
+VOICE: Carol | schedar | Female speaker
+VOICE: Dan | achird | Male speaker
+VOICE: Sam | achernar | Male speaker
+VOICE: Pat | schedar | Female speaker
+VOICE: Doug | achird | Male speaker
+VOICE: Paul | achernar | Male speaker
+VOICE: Matt | achird | Male speaker
+VOICE: Steve | achernar | Male speaker
+VOICE: Andy | achird | Male speaker
+VOICE: Peter | achernar | Male speaker
+VOICE: David | achird | Male speaker
+VOICE: Tom | achernar | Male speaker
+VOICE: Tim | achird | Male speaker
+VOICE: Phil | achernar | Male speaker
+VOICE: Mark | achird | Male speaker
+VOICE: Alan | achernar | Male speaker
+VOICE: Eric | achird | Male speaker
+VOICE: Tony | achernar | Male speaker
+VOICE: ID | achernar | speaker (auto)
+VOICE: Narrator | achird | speaker (auto)
+
+$LESSON 3-1: Around the House
+
+# Source: LLA 3A Figure 1
+$DIALOGUE Around the House — New Words
+ID: 3a-f1
+INTRO: In this lesson you'll learn to talk about houses and home additions, say what could or might be true, describe feelings, and report what people said. First, twelve words for things around a house — listen and repeat each sentence.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
+REPEAT
+
+VOCAB: fire
+LINE: Jim made a fire to keep warm. {page_041_001.jpg} {bk12-l3a-f1-01.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: cassette
+LINE: My brother made a cassette for me with Arabic music. {page_041_002.jpg} {bk12-l3a-f1-02.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: dining room
+LINE: We bought some new furniture for the dining room. {page_041_003.jpg} {bk12-l3a-f1-03.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: patio
+LINE: If it's warm, we can eat dinner on the patio. {page_041_004.jpg} {bk12-l3a-f1-04.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: stereo
+LINE: Rodney has a very nice stereo. He loves to listen to music. {page_041_005.jpg} {bk12-l3a-f1-05.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: story
+LINE: Captain Martin's apartment is on the second story of that building. {page_041_006.jpg} {bk12-l3a-f1-06.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: wood
+LINE: Will you cut some wood for the fire? {page_042_001.jpg} {bk12-l3a-f1-07.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: plan
+LINE: Did you see the plans for Alma's new house? {page_042_002.jpg} {bk12-l3a-f1-08.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: record
+LINE: Larry got 3 records for his birthday. {page_042_003.jpg} {bk12-l3a-f1-09.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: microwave
+LINE: Jane wants to buy a microwave. {page_042_004.jpg} {bk12-l3a-f1-10.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: oven
+LINE: Elaine cooked the chicken in the oven at 375 degrees. {page_042_005.jpg} {bk12-l3a-f1-11.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: fireplace
+LINE: Mr. Evans has a fireplace in his new house. {page_042_006.jpg} {bk12-l3a-f1-12.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 3A Figure 1 (matching pass, split — image options capped at 6)
+$SELECT Which Picture Is It? (Set 1)
+ID: 3a-f1-b
+INTRO: Now listen to each sentence and tap the picture it describes. Then listen to the correct answer and say the sentence back.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct picture.
+REPEAT
+
+OPTION: a | A {page_041_001.jpg}
+OPTION: b | B {page_041_002.jpg}
+OPTION: c | C {page_041_003.jpg}
+OPTION: d | D {page_041_004.jpg}
+OPTION: e | E {page_041_005.jpg}
+OPTION: f | F {page_041_006.jpg}
+
+PROMPT: The children are playing on the patio. {bk12-l3a-f1-13-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: d
+FEEDBACK: The children are playing on the patio. {bk12-l3a-f1-13-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Frank's new stereo sounds wonderful. {bk12-l3a-f1-16-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: e
+FEEDBACK: Frank's new stereo sounds wonderful. {bk12-l3a-f1-16-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Why don't you make a fire? {bk12-l3a-f1-17-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: a
+FEEDBACK: Why don't you make a fire? {bk12-l3a-f1-17-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Charlie wants to listen to my new cassette. {bk12-l3a-f1-19-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: b
+FEEDBACK: Charlie wants to listen to my new cassette. {bk12-l3a-f1-19-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: We always eat dinner in the dining room, not in front of the TV. {bk12-l3a-f1-20-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: c
+FEEDBACK: We always eat dinner in the dining room, not in front of the TV. {bk12-l3a-f1-20-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Bob lives in a 2-story apartment building. {bk12-l3a-f1-21-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: f
+FEEDBACK: Bob lives in a 2-story apartment building. {bk12-l3a-f1-21-a.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 3A Figure 1 (matching pass, split — image options capped at 6)
+$SELECT Which Picture Is It? (Set 2)
+ID: 3a-f1-c
+INTRO: Six more sentences, six more pictures. Tap the picture, then repeat the answer.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct picture.
+REPEAT
+
+OPTION: g | G {page_042_001.jpg}
+OPTION: h | H {page_042_002.jpg}
+OPTION: i | I {page_042_003.jpg}
+OPTION: j | J {page_042_004.jpg}
+OPTION: k | K {page_042_005.jpg}
+OPTION: l | L {page_042_006.jpg}
+
+PROMPT: Mother is baking a cake in the oven. {bk12-l3a-f1-14-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: k
+FEEDBACK: Mother is baking a cake in the oven. {bk12-l3a-f1-14-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Have you seen the plans for my new house? {bk12-l3a-f1-15-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: h
+FEEDBACK: Have you seen the plans for my new house? {bk12-l3a-f1-15-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: George saves time when he cooks in his microwave. {bk12-l3a-f1-18-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: j
+FEEDBACK: George saves time when he cooks in his microwave. {bk12-l3a-f1-18-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Melanie's new house has a large fireplace. {bk12-l3a-f1-22-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: l
+FEEDBACK: Melanie's new house has a large fireplace. {bk12-l3a-f1-22-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Have you heard Bruce Springsteen's newest record? {bk12-l3a-f1-23-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: i
+FEEDBACK: Have you heard Bruce Springsteen's newest record? {bk12-l3a-f1-23-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Ask Tim to cut some more wood. {bk12-l3a-f1-24-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: g
+FEEDBACK: Ask Tim to cut some more wood. {bk12-l3a-f1-24-a.mp3}
+
+# Source: ST §My House Is in the Suburbs
+$DIALOGUE My House Is in the Suburbs
+ID: l3-s1
+INTRO: Now take a little tour. A homeowner shows you around — repeat the new words as you go.
+INSTRUCTION: Repeat the new words, then read the paragraphs.
+REPEAT
+
+VOCAB: suburb
+LINE: My house is in a suburb, away from the downtown area. {st-page_081_001.jpg}
+
+VOCAB: two-story
+VOCAB: floor
+VOCAB: story
+LINE: It's a two-story house; it has two floors or stories. {st-page_081_001.jpg}
+
+VOCAB: near
+LINE: Get in the car. I'll show you my house. We won't have to drive far. My house is near.
+
+LINE: We're home! {st-page_081_002.jpg}
+
+LINE: Let's go inside. {st-page_081_003.jpg}
+
+VOCAB: fireplace
+VOCAB: builder
+VOCAB: fire
+LINE: Let me show you my house. This is the living room. How do you like our fireplace? Nice, isn't it? The builder did a very good job. On very cold days, we make great fires. {st-page_081_004.jpg}
+
+# Source: ST §My House Is in the Suburbs (questions)
+$PRODUCE Questions About the House
+ID: l3-s2
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: Answer five quick questions about the house you just toured. Speak in full sentences — you can look back at the paragraphs.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer the questions aloud.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+SHOW_PROMPT
+RUBRIC: Treat the model answer as the factual key; accept any phrasing or short form of the same fact(s).
+
+PROMPT: Where is the house?
+RESPONSE: It is in a suburb.
+
+PROMPT: How many stories does it have?
+RESPONSE: It has two stories.
+
+PROMPT: Is the house very far?
+RESPONSE: No, it is near.
+
+PROMPT: What is in the living room?
+RESPONSE: There is a fireplace in the living room.
+
+PROMPT: Who did a good job?
+RESPONSE: The builder did a very good job.
+
+# Source: ST §More About My House
+$DIALOGUE More About My House
+ID: l3-s3
+INTRO: The tour continues — the stereo, the kitchen, and the patio. Repeat the new words as you read.
+INSTRUCTION: Repeat the new words, then read the paragraphs.
+REPEAT
+
+VOCAB: stereo
+VOCAB: to play | play
+VOCAB: record
+VOCAB: cassette
+LINE: That's our new stereo over there. Perhaps you would like to listen to some music later. Maybe we can play Michael Johnson's new record. Or perhaps, we can play some of the cassettes that I just received in the mail. {st-page_082_001.jpg}
+
+VOCAB: dining room
+VOCAB: microwave
+VOCAB: oven
+VOCAB: to heat | heat
+VOCAB: to boil | boil
+LINE: Now let's go to the dining room and kitchen. We eat dinner in the dining room, but we usually eat breakfast here in the kitchen. This is our new microwave oven. The stove's oven wasn't quick enough for us. So now we can heat water for coffee in one minute, and boil it to make soup in three minutes! {st-page_082_002.jpg}
+
+VOCAB: patio
+VOCAB: wood
+VOCAB: shed
+VOCAB: to burn | burn
+LINE: If you look out the glass door, you can see our patio. In the summers, we eat out there sometimes. We keep wood for our fireplace in that shed. You know wood burns much better if you keep it dry. {st-page_082_003.jpg}
+
+# Source: ST §More About My House (questions)
+$PRODUCE Questions About the House (Part 2)
+ID: l3-s4
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: Six more questions about the tour. Answer aloud in full sentences.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer the questions aloud.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+SHOW_PROMPT
+RUBRIC: Treat the model answer as the factual key; accept any phrasing or short form of the same fact(s).
+
+PROMPT: What's new in the living room?
+RESPONSE: The stereo is new.
+
+PROMPT: What are they going to play later on?
+RESPONSE: They might play a record or some cassettes.
+
+PROMPT: What do they use the microwave for?
+RESPONSE: They use it to heat water and boil it to make soup.
+
+PROMPT: What was the problem with the stove's oven?
+RESPONSE: It wasn't quick enough.
+
+PROMPT: What can you see out the glass door?
+RESPONSE: You can see the patio.
+
+PROMPT: Why does he keep the wood in a shed?
+RESPONSE: Because wood burns much better if you keep it dry.
+
+# Source: ST §The Wood's in the Shed
+$SELECT The Wood's in the Shed
+ID: l3-s5
+INTRO: Everything in this house has its place — even the wood. Finish each sentence by tapping the right ending.
+INSTRUCTION: Match the first part of the sentence with the correct ending.
+OPTION: a | in the suburbs.
+OPTION: b | in the fireplace.
+OPTION: c | in the living room.
+OPTION: d | in the dining room.
+OPTION: e | to the fire.
+OPTION: f | in the microwave.
+OPTION: g | in the shed.
+OPTION: h | in the oven.
+OPTION: i | on the stereo.
+OPTION: j | on the patio.
+
+TEMPLATE: You can boil water quickly ____
+ANSWER: f|h
+
+TEMPLATE: When the weather is good, we eat outside ____
+ANSWER: j
+
+TEMPLATE: The table and chairs are ____
+ANSWER: d
+
+TEMPLATE: Kim is playing a record ____
+ANSWER: i
+
+TEMPLATE: Our stereo is ____
+ANSWER: c
+
+TEMPLATE: The wood is burning ____
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: Tony lives ____
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: We keep our wood ____
+ANSWER: g
+
+TEMPLATE: Mike is heating the food ____
+ANSWER: h|f
+
+TEMPLATE: Add more wood ____
+ANSWER: e
+
+# SKIPPED (book): ST Listening Skill "HIT HIT HEAT" — instructor-read minimal-pair
+# discrimination with no recorded stimulus. Convertible later with chosen items + TTS.
+
+$LESSON 3-2: Additions and Get-Togethers
+
+# Source: LLA 3A Listening and Speaking Activity 1
+$DIALOGUE Adding On — New Words
+ID: 3a-ls1
+INTRO: This part is about making a house bigger — and the family get-togethers that make that necessary. Listen to eight new words in sentences and repeat them.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
+REPEAT
+
+VOCAB: to add on
+LINE: Mrs. Howard just had another baby. Now there are 5 children in the family. They need to add on another bedroom. {bk12-l3a-f1-25.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: to build
+LINE: My son is building his home in the country. {bk12-l3a-f1-26.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: to enlarge
+LINE: Peggy does a lot of cooking. She has decided to enlarge her kitchen. {bk12-l3a-f1-27.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: heat
+LINE: That fire is very hot. It gives off a lot of heat. {bk12-l3a-f1-28.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: to burn
+LINE: Don't let the baby play near the fire. It will burn him. {bk12-l3a-f1-29.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: addition
+LINE: This patio is our newest addition to the house. {bk12-l3a-f1-30.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: builder
+LINE: Mr. Ellis is the biggest builder in Dallas. {bk12-l3a-f1-31.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: suburb
+LINE: Valerie lives in a new suburb outside of the city. {bk12-l3a-f1-32.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 3A Figure 2
+$SELECT Questions About Additions
+ID: 3a-f2
+INTRO: Now use those words. Listen to each question, tap the answer, then say the answer back.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct answer.
+REPEAT
+
+OPTION: a | She's going to add on another bedroom. {bk12-l3a-f2-05-a.mp3}
+OPTION: b | Yes, it's the newest addition to the house. {bk12-l3a-f2-04-a.mp3}
+OPTION: c | He's the biggest builder in Dallas. {bk12-l3a-f2-01-a.mp3}
+OPTION: d | She lives in a new suburb outside of the city. {bk12-l3a-f2-07-a.mp3}
+OPTION: e | She enlarged her kitchen. {bk12-l3a-f2-02-a.mp3}
+OPTION: f | The fire gives off a lot of heat. {bk12-l3a-f2-06-a.mp3}
+OPTION: g | He's building it in the country. {bk12-l3a-f2-03-a.mp3}
+OPTION: h | The fire will burn him. {bk12-l3a-f2-08-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Who is Mr. Ellis? {bk12-l3a-f2-01-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: c
+
+PROMPT: Peggy does a lot of cooking. What did she do to her kitchen? {bk12-l3a-f2-02-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: e
+
+PROMPT: Where is your son building his home? {bk12-l3a-f2-03-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: g
+
+PROMPT: Is this patio new? {bk12-l3a-f2-04-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: b
+
+PROMPT: Where is Mrs. Howard going to put all those children? {bk12-l3a-f2-05-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: a
+
+PROMPT: What does the fire give off? {bk12-l3a-f2-06-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: f
+
+PROMPT: Where does Valerie live? {bk12-l3a-f2-07-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: d
+
+PROMPT: Why can't the baby play near the fire? {bk12-l3a-f2-08-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: h
+
+# DROPPED: ST "These Are New Words" (l3-s6) — TTS twin of LLA 3B Figure 1 vocabulary
+# (same words, same presentation role); kept the cassette version below.
+
+# Source: LLA 3B Figure 1
+$DIALOGUE Plans, Problems, and Solutions — New Words
+ID: 3b-f1
+INTRO: More new words — for get-togethers, problems, and how to solve them. Listen and repeat each word and sentence.
+INSTRUCTION: Repeat each word and sentence.
+REPEAT
+
+VOCAB: boil
+LINE: Boil. The water must boil before you add the vegetables. {bk12-l3b-f1-01.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: get-together
+LINE: A get-together. Kevin is going to have a get-together at his house on Sunday afternoon. {bk12-l3b-f1-02.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: get together
+LINE: Get together. Let's get together after work today. {bk12-l3b-f1-03.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: play
+LINE: Play. Does your son play basketball? {bk12-l3b-f1-04.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: solve
+LINE: Solve. Did you solve the math problem? {bk12-l3b-f1-05.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: take place
+LINE: Take place. Where did the accident take place? {bk12-l3b-f1-06.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: interested in
+LINE: Interested in. Jim is interested in learning about other countries. {bk12-l3b-f1-07.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: near
+LINE: Near. He hopes to add onto his house in the near future. {bk12-l3b-f1-08.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: perhaps
+LINE: Perhaps. I can't make it for lunch today. Perhaps we can have lunch tomorrow. {bk12-l3b-f1-09.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: tiring
+LINE: Tiring. Larry went swimming all day Saturday. It was very tiring. {bk12-l3b-f1-10.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: idea
+LINE: Idea. Jeff had an idea about enlarging the kitchen. {bk12-l3b-f1-11.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: meeting
+LINE: Meeting. The major has a meeting with the colonel in 15 minutes. {bk12-l3b-f1-12.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: solution
+LINE: Solution. Sergeant Allen has a solution to our problem. {bk12-l3b-f1-13.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: trouble
+LINE: Trouble. Did you have trouble finding Sandy's house? {bk12-l3b-f1-14.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 3B Figure 1 (question pass)
+$SELECT Choose the Answer
+ID: 3b-f1-b
+INTRO: Quick check on the new words — listen to each question and tap the answer.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct answer.
+
+OPTION: a | He had an idea about enlarging the kitchen.
+OPTION: b | He is planning a get-together at his house.
+OPTION: c | Add the vegetables after the water boils.
+OPTION: d | Jim is interested in learning about other countries.
+OPTION: e | The meeting is in 15 minutes.
+
+PROMPT: What is Jim interested in? {bk12-l3b-f1-15.mp3}
+ANSWER: d
+
+PROMPT: What was Jeff's idea? {bk12-l3b-f1-16.mp3}
+ANSWER: a
+
+PROMPT: When do I add the vegetables? {bk12-l3b-f1-17.mp3}
+ANSWER: c
+
+PROMPT: What is Kevin having on Sunday afternoon? {bk12-l3b-f1-18.mp3}
+ANSWER: b
+
+PROMPT: What time is the meeting with Major Brown? {bk12-l3b-f1-19.mp3}
+ANSWER: e
+
+# Source: ST §The Trouble Is We Don't Have Enough Room!
+$DIALOGUE The Trouble Is We Don't Have Enough Room!
+ID: l3-s7
+INTRO: Meet Oscar and Anita. Their house is full — too many kids, too much cooking. Listen to Oscar's big idea, and repeat the new words.
+INSTRUCTION: Repeat the new words, then read the dialog.
+REPEAT
+
+VOCAB: room
+Anita: Boy, some of these family get-togethers can be very tiring! {st-page_085_001.jpg}
+Oscar: The trouble is we don't have enough room for all the kids to play in.
+Anita: And we don't have room for all the cooking that takes place when everybody is here.
+
+VOCAB: idea
+Oscar: I have an idea that just might solve our problem.
+Anita: Let's hear your solution.
+
+VOCAB: to add on | add on
+VOCAB: den
+VOCAB: to enlarge | enlarge
+Oscar: We can add on a den to the house and enlarge the kitchen.
+
+VOCAB: to leave | leave
+Anita: Where will we put the den? . . . Where the patio is?
+Oscar: Oh, no! We'll leave the patio like it is. Let me draw a plan, and I'll show you.
+
+# Source: ST §The Trouble Is We Don't Have Enough Room! (questions)
+$PRODUCE Questions About Oscar's Idea
+ID: l3-s8
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: Answer the questions about Oscar and Anita's problem. Speak in full sentences — the dialog is there if you need it.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer the questions aloud.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+SHOW_PROMPT
+RUBRIC: Treat the model answer as the factual key; accept any phrasing or short form of the same fact(s).
+
+PROMPT: What was tiring?
+RESPONSE: The family get-togethers were tiring.
+
+PROMPT: What did Oscar say the problem was?
+RESPONSE: He said they didn't have enough room for all the kids to play in.
+
+PROMPT: Where does the cooking take place?
+RESPONSE: The cooking takes place when everybody is there.
+
+PROMPT: What's going to solve the problem?
+RESPONSE: Oscar has an idea that might solve the problem.
+
+PROMPT: What's Oscar's solution?
+RESPONSE: They can add on a den to the house and enlarge the kitchen.
+
+PROMPT: Does he want to put a den where the patio is?
+RESPONSE: No, he wants to leave the patio like it is.
+
+# Source: ST §Yes, We'll Do It In the Near Future
+$DIALOGUE Yes, We'll Do It in the Near Future
+ID: l3-s9
+INTRO: Anita's sister Carol drops by to look at the plan. She wants a den too — of course she does.
+INSTRUCTION: Repeat the new words, then read the dialog.
+REPEAT
+
+VOCAB: interested (in)
+Carol: Is this the plan for the addition? I'm interested in it because I want a den, too. {st-page_086_001.jpg}
+Anita: Did you look at the kitchen?
+Carol: It's going to be large. Why do you need a large kitchen?
+Anita: When all my sisters, my mother, and I get together, we just don't have enough room.
+Carol: But you only get together a few days out of the year.
+Anita: I know, but these get-togethers are very important to us.
+
+VOCAB: near
+Carol: Are you planning to do this in the near future?
+Anita: Well, Oscar has already built the kitchen wall. He wants to build the den right after he finishes the wall.
+Carol: Then it should be ready for your next get-together.
+Anita: We hope so.
+
+# Source: ST §Yes, We'll Do It In the Near Future (questions)
+$PRODUCE Questions About the Plan
+ID: l3-s10
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: Answer the questions about Carol's visit and the plan. Speak in full sentences.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer the questions aloud.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+SHOW_PROMPT
+RUBRIC: Treat the model answer as the factual key; accept any phrasing or short form of the same fact(s).
+
+PROMPT: Why is Carol interested in the plan?
+RESPONSE: Because she wants a den, too.
+
+PROMPT: Why does Anita need a large kitchen?
+RESPONSE: Because when her family gets together, they don't have enough room.
+
+PROMPT: Are these get-togethers important to Anita?
+RESPONSE: Yes, they are very important to them.
+
+PROMPT: Will Oscar build the addition soon?
+RESPONSE: Yes, he wants to build the den right after he finishes the kitchen wall.
+
+PROMPT: When should the den be ready?
+RESPONSE: It should be ready for their next get-together.
+
+# Source: ST §They Want to Add On a Den
+$PRODUCE They Want to Add On a Den
+ID: l3-s11
+INTRO: Retell the whole story of Oscar, Anita, and the den. Type the correct word from the choices shown in parentheses.
+INSTRUCTION: Type the correct word from the choices in parentheses.
+INPUT: type
+CHECK: exact
+
+TEMPLATE: Oscar and Anita had a family ____{get-together} (story, get-together) last month.
+RESPONSE: Oscar and Anita had a family get-together last month.
+ACCEPT: get-together
+
+TEMPLATE: Anita thought that the get-together was ____{tiring} (tiring, tired), but Oscar thought that the ____{trouble} (trouble, solution) was that they didn't have enough ____{room} (room, rooms).
+RESPONSE: Anita thought that the get-together was tiring, but Oscar thought that the trouble was that they didn't have enough room.
+
+TEMPLATE: Oscar thought he had the ____{solution} (idea, solution) to the problem, and he told Anita about his ____{idea} (idea, trouble).
+RESPONSE: Oscar thought he had the solution to the problem, and he told Anita about his idea.
+
+TEMPLATE: He wanted to ____{enlarge} (build, enlarge) the kitchen and ____{add on} (add on, enlarge) a new den.
+RESPONSE: He wanted to enlarge the kitchen and add on a new den.
+
+TEMPLATE: Now, the family is at Oscar's and Anita's house again. Oscar has already ____{built} (built, bought) the kitchen wall, and he will ____{build} (build, built) the den soon.
+RESPONSE: Now, the family is at Oscar's and Anita's house again. Oscar has already built the kitchen wall, and he will build the den soon.
+
+TEMPLATE: Anita's sister, Carol, is ____{interested} (interested, meeting) in the plan because she also wants a den.
+RESPONSE: Anita's sister, Carol, is interested in the plan because she also wants a den.
+ACCEPT: interested
+
+TEMPLATE: Oscar and Anita think the family ____{get-togethers} (get-togethers, got together) are important, so they're glad they ____{got together} (added on, got together).
+RESPONSE: Oscar and Anita think the family get-togethers are important, so they're glad they got together.
+
+$LESSON 3-3: Could, May, and Might
+
+# Source: ST §You Could Be the Winner of a Million Dollars!
+$GRAMMAR Could for Possibility
+ID: l3-s13
+INTRO: New part, new tool: "could" — for things that are possible but not certain. Here's how it works.
+
+![A woman looking at a Lotto ticket while a man appears on a television screen talking to her](page_089_001.jpg)
+
+| | | | |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| The keys | **could**<br>might<br>may | be | in the kitchen. |
+
+**Could is used to express possibility.**
+
+Read the following sentences about possibility.
+
+1. James {could be} in the backyard. I'm not sure.
+2. Where {could Sam be}? He's 30 minutes late.
+3. He {could be} at the gym. He likes to exercise in the afternoon.
+4. {Could this be} Mike's sweater? He has a red one.
+5. It {could be} Tom's sweater. It's got the letter "T" on it.
+6. It's very cloudy this morning. It {could rain} today.
+7. My father said we {could win} a lot of money if they pick our number.
+
+# Source: LLA 3A Listening and Speaking Activity 2
+$DIALOGUE Sentences with Could
+ID: 3a-ls2
+INTRO: Listen to five sentences with "could" and repeat them.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
+REPEAT
+
+LINE: Those questions could be too difficult for him. I think he's having trouble. {bk12-l3a-f2-09.mp3}
+LINE: Walter could be at the mall. I'm not sure. {bk12-l3a-f2-10.mp3}
+LINE: Could this be Alan's jacket? It's the same color as his. {bk12-l3a-f2-11.mp3}
+LINE: Do you think I could borrow your English book tonight? I can't find mine. {bk12-l3a-f2-12.mp3}
+LINE: What could John be doing out this late at night? He's usually home early. {bk12-l3a-f2-13.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 3A Figure 3
+$PRODUCE Answer with Could
+ID: 3a-f3
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: Answer the question you hear out loud, using "could" and the phrase on the screen. Then repeat the correct answer.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer using "could" and the given phrase.
+REPEAT
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: at Jim's house
+PROMPT: Where is Robert? {bk12-l3a-f3-ex-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Robert could be at Jim's house. {bk12-l3a-f3-ex-a.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: Daniel's
+PROMPT: Someone left his sweater here. Whose is it? {bk12-l3a-f3-01-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: It could be Daniel's. {bk12-l3a-f3-01-a.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: today
+PROMPT: When is the get-together for Jeff? {bk12-l3a-f3-02-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: It could be today. {bk12-l3a-f3-02-a.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: on your desk
+PROMPT: Where is my pencil? I can't find it. {bk12-l3a-f3-03-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: It could be on your desk. {bk12-l3a-f3-03-a.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: a bird in a tree
+PROMPT: What is that a picture of? {bk12-l3a-f3-04-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: It could be a bird in a tree. {bk12-l3a-f3-04-a.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: about 2-1/2 or 3 hours
+PROMPT: How long is this movie? {bk12-l3a-f3-05-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: It could be about 2 and a half or 3 hours. {bk12-l3a-f3-05-a.mp3}
+
+# Source: ST §Where Could They Be?
+$DIALOGUE Where Could They Be?
+ID: l3-s14
+INTRO: Two small emergencies: lost keys and a lost wallet. Read along and notice could, may, and might doing the guessing.
+INSTRUCTION: Read the paragraphs.
+
+Narrator: Oh, dear! I have to be at work in 20 minutes, and I can't find my keys.
+LINE: Let's see; could they be in the kitchen? No, not there.
+LINE: They might be on top of the TV. No. Well, they may be on the table in the bedroom. No.
+LINE: Where could they be? They might be in the car. There they are!
+LINE: I might be a little late for work, but I'll be there.
+
+Narrator: Oh, no! It's time to pay the check, and I can't find my wallet.
+LINE: Let's see; maybe it's in my other pocket. No. It could be in my jacket. NO! It's not there.
+LINE: It might be in the car. How do I get out of the restaurant to check my car?
+LINE: I could leave my friend here, or I could ask my friend to lend me the money.
+
+# Source: ST §Where Could They Be? (questions)
+$PRODUCE Questions About the Keys and the Wallet
+ID: l3-s15
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: Answer the questions about the lost keys and the lost wallet. Speak in full sentences — you can check the paragraphs.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer the questions aloud.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+SHOW_PROMPT
+RUBRIC: Treat the model answer as the factual key; accept any phrasing or short form of the same fact(s).
+
+PROMPT: Are the keys in the kitchen?
+RESPONSE: No, they aren't there.
+
+PROMPT: Are they on the TV?
+RESPONSE: No, they aren't on the TV.
+
+PROMPT: Are they in the bedroom?
+RESPONSE: No, they aren't in the bedroom.
+
+PROMPT: Where are the keys?
+RESPONSE: They are in the car.
+
+PROMPT: Could he find his wallet?
+RESPONSE: No, he couldn't find his wallet.
+
+PROMPT: Is it in his jacket?
+RESPONSE: No, it's not there.
+
+PROMPT: How could he leave the restaurant to check his car?
+RESPONSE: He could leave his friend there.
+
+PROMPT: Does he have another choice?
+RESPONSE: Yes, he could ask his friend to lend him the money.
+
+# Source: ST §She Could Be at the Library
+$PRODUCE She Could Be at the Library
+ID: l3-s16
+INTRO: Now you make the guesses. Answer each question aloud with "could" and the cue on the screen.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer aloud using "could" and the cue.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+SHOW_PROMPT
+RUBRIC: Accept any grammatical sentence expressing possibility using "could" and incorporating the provided cue.
+
+EXAMPLE
+PROMPT: I lost my book. Where is it?
+TEMPLATE: (inside the desk)
+RESPONSE: It could be inside the desk.
+
+PROMPT: Where could Marcy be? It's already 7:30.
+TEMPLATE: (the library)
+RESPONSE: She could be at the library.
+
+PROMPT: Why is she at the library so late?
+TEMPLATE: (have a test tomorrow)
+RESPONSE: She could have a test tomorrow.
+
+PROMPT: How long could this meeting last?
+TEMPLATE: (2 hours)
+RESPONSE: It could last 2 hours.
+
+PROMPT: My 3-year-old nephew drew this picture. What is it?
+TEMPLATE: (dog under a tree)
+RESPONSE: It could be a dog under a tree.
+
+PROMPT: When does the train leave for the city?
+TEMPLATE: (tomorrow night)
+RESPONSE: It could leave tomorrow night.
+
+PROMPT: Who is this package for?
+TEMPLATE: (the colonel)
+RESPONSE: It could be for the colonel.
+
+PROMPT: Why isn't Ellen home yet?
+TEMPLATE: (stuck in traffic)
+RESPONSE: She could be stuck in traffic.
+
+PROMPT: Where's my pen?
+TEMPLATE: (on the secretary's desk)
+RESPONSE: It could be on the secretary's desk.
+
+# SKIPPED (book): LLA 3D Figures 1-8 roleplay passes — scripted pair practice converted as listen-only $DIALOGUE.
+
+# Source: LLA 3D Figures 1-2
+$DIALOGUE The Umbrella
+ID: 3d-f1
+INTRO: Carl brought his umbrella; his friend didn't. Listen for "might" and "could".
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.
+
+SpeakerA: Hi, Carl. Why did you bring your umbrella? {bk12-l3d-f1-NN.mp3}
+SpeakerB: Look at the sky. It might rain today. {bk12-l3d-f1-NN.mp3}
+SpeakerA: Hi, Carl. Why did you bring your umbrella? {bk12-l3d-f1-NN.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 3D Figures 3-4
+$DIALOGUE Looking for Major Adams
+ID: 3d-f3
+INTRO: Someone needs Major Adams — who could be anywhere. Listen for "may".
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.
+
+SpeakerA: Excuse me, sir, where's Major Adams? {bk12-l3d-f2-NN.mp3}
+SpeakerB: Isn't he in his office? {bk12-l3d-f2-NN.mp3}
+SpeakerA: Excuse me, sir, where's Major Adams? {bk12-l3d-f2-NN.mp3}
+SpeakerB: Isn't he in his office? {bk12-l3d-f2-NN.mp3}
+SpeakerA: Excuse me, sir, where's Major Adams? {bk12-l3d-f2-NN.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 3D Figures 5-6
+$DIALOGUE Where Is Ms. Evans?
+ID: 3d-f5
+INTRO: Nancy is looking for Ms. Evans. Linda has three guesses — count how many it takes.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.
+
+Nancy: Oh, Linda. Where's Ms. Evans? {bk12-l3d-f4-NN.mp3}
+Linda: She could be in the next office. I'll check. {bk12-l3d-f4-NN.mp3}
+LINE: She's not there. She might be in the mailroom. {bk12-l3d-f4-NN.mp3}
+LINE: She's not there. She might be in the mailroom. {bk12-l3d-f4-NN.mp3}
+LINE: She's not there. She might be in the mailroom. {bk12-l3d-f4-NN.mp3}
+Nancy: Oh, Linda. Where's Ms. Evans? {bk12-l3d-f4-NN.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 3D Figures 7-8
+$DIALOGUE A Ride to Work
+ID: 3d-f7
+INTRO: Two coworkers arrange a ride — maybe. Nothing is certain in this part.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.
+
+SpeakerA: Could you give me a ride to work tomorrow? {bk12-l3d-f6-NN.mp3}
+SpeakerB: I might be able to. What time do you need to leave? {bk12-l3d-f6-NN.mp3}
+SpeakerA: Could you give me a ride to work tomorrow? {bk12-l3d-f6-NN.mp3}
+SpeakerB: I might be able to. What time do you need to leave? {bk12-l3d-f6-NN.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 3D Figure 9
+$PRODUCE Answer with Could, May, or Might
+ID: 3d-f9
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: Answer each question aloud using the cue on the screen — could, may, or might — then repeat the correct answer.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer aloud using could, may, or might.
+REPEAT
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: in the library / could
+PROMPT: Where is Mr. Williams? {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He could be in the library. {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: in the living room / could
+PROMPT: Where is Mr. Williams? {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He could be in the library. {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: cold outside / may
+PROMPT: Where is Mr. Williams? {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He could be in the library. {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: car in the garage / might
+PROMPT: Where is Mr. Williams? {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He could be in the library. {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: in the neighbor's yard / could
+PROMPT: Where is Mr. Williams? {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He could be in the library. {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: tightening nuts / may
+PROMPT: Where is Mr. Williams? {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He could be in the library. {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: on the dining room table / might
+PROMPT: Where is Mr. Williams? {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He could be in the library. {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: late / could
+PROMPT: Where is Mr. Williams? {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He could be in the library. {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: you / may
+PROMPT: Where is Mr. Williams? {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He could be in the library. {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: stuck in traffic / might
+PROMPT: Where is Mr. Williams? {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He could be in the library. {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: Lt Mitchell / could
+PROMPT: Where is Mr. Williams? {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He could be in the library. {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+
+# Source: ST §I'm Not Sure. It Could Be...
+$DIALOGUE I'm Not Sure. It Could Be...
+ID: l3-s23
+INTRO: Seven short exchanges, all guesses — nobody in this town knows anything for sure. Repeat each dialog.
+INSTRUCTION: Repeat the dialogs about possibility, then read them.
+REPEAT
+
+Dan: Where did Al leave the newspaper?
+Sam: I'm not sure. It may be on the patio.
+
+Pat: What's the matter with your car? There's grease under it.
+Doug: I don't know. It might be the engine.
+
+Paul: What's the matter with Jan? She hasn't said much today.
+Matt: I don't know. She could be worried. Her mother's sick.
+
+Steve: Where's Mary? I haven't seen her since lunch.
+Andy: I'm not sure, but she might be in the lab.
+
+Peter: Whose stereo is that? It's awfully loud.
+David: It could be Jean's. She likes loud music.
+
+Tom: Do you think Mary could still be in the library?
+Tim: Yes, she could be. She's studying for a test.
+
+Phil: Could Dave be at the movie?
+Mark: No, but he could be at the game. He was planning to go.
+
+# Source: ST §Match the Responses
+$SELECT Match the Responses
+ID: l3-s24
+INTRO: A four-step hunt for John. Match each line with its best response.
+INSTRUCTION: Match the sentence with the best response.
+OPTION: a | He could be in the barracks. I saw him there a few minutes ago.
+OPTION: b | I'm not sure. He uses both.
+OPTION: c | Good luck!
+OPTION: d | Well, then he may be at the library. He has a test tomorrow.
+
+TEMPLATE: Which one? The city or school library?
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: Thanks. I'll try the city library.
+ANSWER: c
+
+TEMPLATE: Where is John?
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: I've already checked there. Where else could he be?
+ANSWER: d
+
+# Source: ST §Put the Dialog in Order
+$SELECT Put the Dialog in Order
+ID: l3-s25
+ORDER
+INTRO: Same hunt for John — now put the four lines in the order they were said.
+INSTRUCTION: Put the sentences in order to make a dialog.
+
+TEMPLATE: Put the sentences in the correct order.
+OPTION: 1 | Where is John?
+OPTION: 2 | I've already checked there. Where else could he be?
+OPTION: 3 | Which one? The city or school library?
+OPTION: 4 | Thanks. I'll try the city library.
+ANSWER: 1,2,3,4
+
+# SKIPPED (book): ST "WHAT'S THE MATTER WITH IT?" — open pair activity where students make
+# up questions and answers based on loose prompts (a car, health, etc.); requires a partner.
+
+$LESSON 3-4: -ing and -ed Adjectives
+
+# Source: LLA 3B Listening/Speaking Activity
+$DIALOGUE Feelings — Exciting or Excited?
+ID: 3b-ls1
+INTRO: This part is about feelings: is the movie boring, or are you bored? Listen to the pairs of sentences and repeat them.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
+REPEAT
+
+LINE: My son's soccer game was very exciting. {bk12-l3b-f1-20.mp3}
+LINE: Sergeant Roberts is excited about his high test score. {bk12-l3b-f1-21.mp3}
+LINE: I borrowed this book from my sister. She said it is very interesting. {bk12-l3b-f1-22.mp3}
+LINE: Bob is interested in learning Italian. {bk12-l3b-f1-23.mp3}
+LINE: My last class in the afternoon is very boring. {bk12-l3b-f1-24.mp3}
+LINE: Lieutenant Martin looked bored during the meeting this morning. {bk12-l3b-f1-25.mp3}
+LINE: My mother thinks that maps are very confusing. {bk12-l3b-f1-26.mp3}
+LINE: Kevin was confused when the instructor asked him a question. {bk12-l3b-f1-27.mp3}
+LINE: We worked in the yard today. It was very tiring. {bk12-l3b-f1-28.mp3}
+LINE: John worked late today. He looks very tired. {bk12-l3b-f1-29.mp3}
+LINE: The fire was frightening for everyone. {bk12-l3b-f1-30.mp3}
+LINE: The children were frightened when the lights went out. {bk12-l3b-f1-31.mp3}
+
+# Source: ST §-ing / -ed adjectives
+$GRAMMAR -ing or -ed?
+ID: l3-s18
+INTRO: Here's the one rule that sorts out every pair you just heard.
+
+| |
+|---|
+| The **-ing** adjective describes the person/thing **causing** the feeling. |
+| The **-ed** adjective describes the person **experiencing/having** the feeling. |
+
+{My son's soccer game was very exciting.} — the game causes the feeling.
+
+{Sergeant Roberts is excited about his high test score.} — the sergeant has the feeling.
+
+The pairs in this lesson: {exciting} / {excited}, {interesting} / {interested}, {boring} / {bored}, {confusing} / {confused}, {tiring} / {tired}, {frightening} / {frightened}.
+
+# Source: LLA 3B Figure 2 (INPUT/CHECK adapted: full-sentence answers moved to speak/reveal)
+$PRODUCE Answer with -ing or -ed
+ID: 3b-f2
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: Answer each question aloud using the cue on the screen — add -ing or -ed to the word — then repeat the correct answer.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer aloud using an -ing or -ed adjective.
+REPEAT
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: the movie / interest
+PROMPT: How was the movie? {bk12-l3b-f2-ex-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: The movie was interesting. {bk12-l3b-f2-ex-a.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: He / excite
+PROMPT: How does Peter feel about his new job? {bk12-l3b-f2-01-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He is very excited about his new job. {bk12-l3b-f2-01-a.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: She / bore
+PROMPT: What's wrong with Judy today? {bk12-l3b-f2-02-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: She's bored. {bk12-l3b-f2-02-a.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: It / confuse
+PROMPT: Why did you spend so much time on that question? {bk12-l3b-f2-03-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: It was confusing. {bk12-l3b-f2-03-a.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: It / tire
+PROMPT: How was your vacation to the mountains? {bk12-l3b-f2-04-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: It was very tiring. {bk12-l3b-f2-04-a.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: She / frighten
+PROMPT: How did your daughter feel after the accident? {bk12-l3b-f2-05-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: She was frightened. {bk12-l3b-f2-05-a.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: It / excite
+PROMPT: How was Jan's trip to Europe? {bk12-l3b-f2-06-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: It was very exciting. {bk12-l3b-f2-06-a.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: no / I / confuse
+PROMPT: Could you understand my directions? {bk12-l3b-f2-07-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: No, I was confused. {bk12-l3b-f2-07-a.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: I / bore
+PROMPT: How was your class this morning? {bk12-l3b-f2-08-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: I was bored. {bk12-l3b-f2-08-a.mp3}
+
+# DROPPED: ST "Frank Is Very Excited About His Trip to Europe" (l3-s19) — TTS twin of the
+# LLA 3B listening/speaking sentence set above (same role, closely parallel sentences);
+# kept the cassette version.
+
+# Source: ST §Is George Excited or Exciting?
+$PRODUCE Excited or Exciting?
+ID: l3-s20
+INTRO: Type the correct form — -ing or -ed — for each sentence. Remember: the thing causes, the person feels.
+INSTRUCTION: Type the correct word to complete the sentence.
+INPUT: type
+CHECK: exact
+
+TEMPLATE: George is ____{excited} (excited, exciting) about his new job.
+RESPONSE: George is excited about his new job.
+ACCEPT: excited
+
+TEMPLATE: Is basketball an ____{exciting} (excited, exciting) game?
+RESPONSE: Is basketball an exciting game?
+ACCEPT: exciting
+
+TEMPLATE: Was Barbara ____{frightened} (frightened, frightening) after the accident?
+RESPONSE: Was Barbara frightened after the accident?
+ACCEPT: frightened
+
+TEMPLATE: That new movie is very ____{frightening} (frightened, frightening). I won't let my children see it.
+RESPONSE: That new movie is very frightening. I won't let my children see it.
+ACCEPT: frightening
+
+TEMPLATE: My morning class is ____{boring} (bored, boring).
+RESPONSE: My morning class is boring.
+ACCEPT: boring
+
+TEMPLATE: Alan's nephew is already ____{bored} (bored, boring) with school.
+RESPONSE: Alan's nephew is already bored with school.
+ACCEPT: bored
+
+TEMPLATE: Ms. Sanders thinks that maps are ____{confusing} (confused, confusing).
+RESPONSE: Ms. Sanders thinks that maps are confusing.
+ACCEPT: confusing
+
+TEMPLATE: Lester is ____{confused} (confused, confusing) about which college to attend.
+RESPONSE: Lester is confused about which college to attend.
+ACCEPT: confused
+
+TEMPLATE: Is the baby crying because he is ____{tired} (tired, tiring)?
+RESPONSE: Is the baby crying because he is tired?
+ACCEPT: tired
+
+TEMPLATE: When you move a lot of heavy furniture to a new house, it's ____{tiring} (tired, tiring).
+RESPONSE: When you move a lot of heavy furniture to a new house, it's tiring.
+ACCEPT: tiring
+
+# Source: ST §A Letter from Dave
+$PRODUCE A Letter from Dave
+ID: l3-s21
+INTRO: Dave writes home from college. Complete his letter with the -ing or -ed forms. His Wednesday math class, you'll learn, is not thrilling.
+INSTRUCTION: Type the correct word to complete the sentences from Dave's letter.
+INPUT: type
+CHECK: exact
+
+TEMPLATE: First of all, college is very ____{exciting} (excited, exciting).
+RESPONSE: First of all, college is very exciting.
+ACCEPT: exciting
+
+TEMPLATE: I think the people are ____{interesting} (interested, interesting) because they are from different countries.
+RESPONSE: I think the people are interesting because they are from different countries.
+ACCEPT: interesting
+
+TEMPLATE: The first day I was ____{confused} (confused, confusing) about the buildings.
+RESPONSE: The first day I was confused about the buildings.
+ACCEPT: confused
+
+TEMPLATE: It was really ____{tiring} (tired, tiring).
+RESPONSE: It was really tiring.
+ACCEPT: tiring
+
+TEMPLATE: I thought it would be ____{frightening} (frightened, frightening) to live away from home.
+RESPONSE: I thought it would be frightening to live away from home.
+ACCEPT: frightening
+
+TEMPLATE: Don't worry, Dad, I'm not ____{frightened} (frightened, frightening).
+RESPONSE: Don't worry, Dad, I'm not frightened.
+ACCEPT: frightened
+
+TEMPLATE: I haven't found anything ____{frightening} (frightened, frightening) about school yet.
+RESPONSE: I haven't found anything frightening about school yet.
+ACCEPT: frightening
+
+TEMPLATE: Most of my classes are very ____{interesting} (interested, interesting), but my Wednesday morning math class is ____{boring} (bored, boring).
+RESPONSE: Most of my classes are very interesting, but my Wednesday morning math class is boring.
+
+TEMPLATE: That is the only time of the day that I am ____{bored} (bored, boring).
+RESPONSE: That is the only time of the day that I am bored.
+ACCEPT: bored
+
+TEMPLATE: Well, Dad, it's 11:45 p.m., and I'm really ____{tired} (tired, tiring).
+RESPONSE: Well, Dad, it's 11:45 p.m., and I'm really tired.
+ACCEPT: tired
+
+# Source: ST §Interesting or Interested?
+$PRODUCE Interesting or Interested?
+ID: l3-s22
+INTRO: Now answer freely. Use an -ing or -ed adjective in each answer, and speak whole sentences.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer the questions aloud using -ing or -ed adjectives.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+SHOW_PROMPT
+RUBRIC: Accept any grammatical answer that correctly uses an appropriate -ing or -ed adjective to describe the situation or feeling.
+
+PROMPT: Could you follow Herb's directions?
+RESPONSE: No, his directions were confusing.
+
+PROMPT: How was your trip to Hawaii?
+RESPONSE: It was exciting.
+
+PROMPT: What's wrong with Major Jones today?
+RESPONSE: He is tired.
+
+PROMPT: Why did Ted spend so much time on that one question?
+RESPONSE: He was confused.
+
+PROMPT: How's that new movie?
+RESPONSE: It is interesting.
+
+PROMPT: How was the flight from Yemen to New York?
+RESPONSE: It was tiring.
+
+PROMPT: How did Polly and Anna feel during the storm?
+RESPONSE: They were frightened.
+
+PROMPT: How does Lt Alonzo feel about his score of 95?
+RESPONSE: He is excited.
+
+# Source: LLA 3A Figure 4
+$SELECT How Do They Feel?
+ID: 3a-f4
+INTRO: Listen to short dialogs and read between the lines: how does the speaker feel? Tap the word that finishes the sentence, then repeat the answer.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct answer.
+REPEAT
+
+EXAMPLE
+PROMPT: What happened, Gina? That man stepped on my toe. {bk12-l3a-f4-ex-q.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: Gina is ______.
+OPTION: a | happy
+OPTION: b | sad
+OPTION: c | angry {bk12-l3a-f4-ex-a.mp3}
+ANSWER: c
+
+PROMPT: Hi, Jack. Is Mr. West your barber too? Yes. He has given me haircuts for the past 10 years. {bk12-l3a-f4-01-q.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: Jack is ______.
+OPTION: a | sick
+OPTION: b | pleased {bk12-l3a-f4-01-a.mp3}
+OPTION: c | angry
+ANSWER: b
+
+PROMPT: What are you doing here at the airport so late at night, Jim? I'm waiting for my brother to arrive. I've been here for 3 and a half hours. His plane left New York at 2:30 this afternoon. {bk12-l3a-f4-02-q.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: The plane is ______.
+OPTION: a | early
+OPTION: b | late {bk12-l3a-f4-02-a.mp3}
+OPTION: c | on time
+ANSWER: b
+
+PROMPT: Lieutenant Andrews. Your hands are very greasy, and you are late. I'm sorry, sir. I had to change a flat tire this morning. {bk12-l3a-f4-03-q.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: Lt Andrews is ______.
+OPTION: a | upset {bk12-l3a-f4-03-a.mp3}
+OPTION: b | happy
+OPTION: c | sad
+ANSWER: a
+
+PROMPT: Jimmy, what's wrong? They put too much sugar in this tea. {bk12-l3a-f4-04-q.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: The tea is too ______.
+OPTION: a | sour
+OPTION: b | salty
+OPTION: c | sweet {bk12-l3a-f4-04-a.mp3}
+ANSWER: c
+
+PROMPT: Where are you going in such a hurry? To the airport. My sister arrives this afternoon. I haven't seen her for 2 years. {bk12-l3a-f4-05-q.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: He's ______.
+OPTION: a | sad
+OPTION: b | excited {bk12-l3a-f4-05-a.mp3}
+OPTION: c | angry
+ANSWER: b
+
+$LESSON 3-5: Indirect Speech and Dictation
+
+# Source: ST §Indirect Speech
+$GRAMMAR Indirect Speech
+ID: l3-s26
+INTRO: New part: reporting what people said. "I know the answer" becomes "He said that he knew the answer." Here's the pattern.
+
+| DIRECT SPEECH (present tense) | INDIRECT SPEECH (past tense) |
+|---|---|
+| **Tom:** I know the answer. | What did Tom say?<br>Tom {said (that) he knew} the answer. |
+
+A noun clause is used to report what someone has said. This is called **indirect speech** or **reported speech**.
+
+The following changes are made:
+1. The present tense verb in direct speech changes to the **past tense** in indirect speech.
+2. The **pronouns** are changed in indirect speech.
+3. The conjunction **that** is used to introduce the clause. It is sometimes omitted.
+
+# Source: ST §Eric Said That He Wanted to Add a Second Story to His House
+$DIALOGUE Eric Said That He Wanted to Add a Second Story
+ID: l3-s27
+INTRO: Read how Alan reports Eric's building plans — the whole list, moved into the past tense.
+INSTRUCTION: Read the dialogs.
+
+Alan: Hey, Eric, what are your plans for the house?
+Eric: I plan to enlarge the kitchen, add on a bedroom, build a patio, and buy a big stereo for the living room.
+Narrator: (Later)
+Tony: Hi, Alan. Do you know what Eric plans to do to his house?
+Alan: Yes, he said that he planned to enlarge the kitchen, add on a bedroom, build a patio, and buy a big stereo for the living room.
+
+# Source: LLA 3C Figure 1 (Dialog 1)
+$DIALOGUE Mike's Plans
+ID: 3c-f1-d1
+INTRO: Listen to a short conversation and take notes — a question follows.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.
+
+LINE: Hi, Mike. What are you doing? {bk12-l3c-f1-01.mp3}
+LINE: Well, I want to add on another bedroom and bathroom to my house. {bk12-l3c-f1-02.mp3}
+LINE: That sounds nice. It will be nice once it's finished. {bk12-l3c-f1-03.mp3}
+LINE: Hey, Carl. Did you hear about Mike's plans? {bk12-l3c-f1-04.mp3}
+LINE: No, I didn't. {bk12-l3c-f1-05.mp3}
+LINE: He said that he wanted to add on a new bedroom and a new bathroom to his house. {bk12-l3c-f1-06.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 3C Figure 1 (Question 1)
+$PRODUCE What Did Mike Say?
+ID: 3c-f1-q1
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: Now report Mike's plans yourself. Answer aloud with a full sentence, then repeat the correct answer.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer aloud with a full sentence.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+REPEAT
+
+PROMPT: What did Mike say about his house? {bk12-l3c-f1-07-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He said that he wanted to add on a new bedroom and a new bathroom to his house. {bk12-l3c-f1-07-a.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 3C Figure 1 (Dialog 2)
+$DIALOGUE Mrs. Parker Is Away
+ID: 3c-f1-d2
+INTRO: A shorter one this time. Listen and take notes.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.
+
+LINE: Hello, Mr. Parker. Where is Mrs. Parker? {bk12-l3c-f1-08.mp3}
+LINE: She's not home. She's in Chicago. {bk12-l3c-f1-09.mp3}
+LINE: Tell her hello for me when you talk to her. {bk12-l3c-f1-10.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 3C Figure 1 (Question 2)
+$PRODUCE What Did Mr. Parker Say?
+ID: 3c-f1-q2
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: Report what Mr. Parker said. Answer aloud with a full sentence, then repeat the correct answer.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer aloud with a full sentence.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+REPEAT
+
+PROMPT: What did Mr. Parker say about his wife? {bk12-l3c-f1-11-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He said that Mrs. Parker wasn't home. He said that she was in Chicago. {bk12-l3c-f1-11-a.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 3C Figure 1 (Dialog 3)
+$DIALOGUE Looking for Sergeant Robinson
+ID: 3c-f1-d3
+INTRO: One more conversation to report — this one travels through three people. Listen and take notes.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.
+
+LINE: Oh, good afternoon, Captain Brooks. {bk12-l3c-f1-12.mp3}
+LINE: Hello, Sergeant Jackson. Are you looking for someone? {bk12-l3c-f1-13.mp3}
+LINE: I'm looking for Sergeant Robinson, sir. {bk12-l3c-f1-14.mp3}
+LINE: He takes the mail to Colonel Travis every day at this time. He'll be back in about 30 minutes. {bk12-l3c-f1-15.mp3}
+LINE: Thank you, sir. I'll come back later. {bk12-l3c-f1-16.mp3}
+LINE: Sergeant Robinson? {bk12-l3c-f1-17.mp3}
+LINE: Yes, sir. {bk12-l3c-f1-18.mp3}
+LINE: Sergeant Jackson came by. He wanted to see you. {bk12-l3c-f1-19.mp3}
+LINE: Thank you for the message, sir. {bk12-l3c-f1-20.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 3C Figure 1 (Question 3)
+$PRODUCE What Did Captain Brooks Say?
+ID: 3c-f1-q3
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: Report Captain Brooks. Answer aloud with a full sentence, then repeat the correct answer.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer aloud with a full sentence.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+REPEAT
+
+PROMPT: What did Captain Brooks say about Sergeant Robinson? {bk12-l3c-f1-21-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He said that Sergeant Robinson took the mail to Colonel Travis every day at that time. {bk12-l3c-f1-21-a.mp3}
+
+# SKIPPED (book): LLA 3C Figure 2 — passage annotation.
+
+# Source: LLA 3C Figure 3 ("that" made optional via inline alternates)
+$PRODUCE Write the Question
+ID: 3c-f3
+INTRO: Now you build the reported question. Read each short dialog, type the missing answer, then type the question with "say".
+INSTRUCTION: Type the missing question and answer.
+INPUT: type
+CHECK: exact
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: Mike: Do you speak French or Spanish?
+TEMPLATE: Stan: I speak French.
+TEMPLATE: QUESTION: Did Stan say that he spoke French or Spanish?
+RESPONSE: Did Stan say that he spoke French or Spanish?
+
+TEMPLATE: Ann: Do you want Chinese or Italian food?
+TEMPLATE: Pat: ____{I want Italian food.}
+TEMPLATE: QUESTION: ____{Did Pat say he wanted Chinese or Italian food?|Did Pat say that he wanted Chinese or Italian food?}
+RESPONSE: Pat: I want Italian food. QUESTION: Did Pat say he wanted Chinese or Italian food?
+
+TEMPLATE: Bill: Do you want to watch TV or go to the movies?
+TEMPLATE: Frank: ____{I want to watch TV.}
+TEMPLATE: QUESTION: ____{Did Frank say that he wanted to watch TV or go to the movies?|Did Frank say he wanted to watch TV or go to the movies?}
+RESPONSE: Frank: I want to watch TV. QUESTION: Did Frank say that he wanted to watch TV or go to the movies?
+
+TEMPLATE: Shirley: Do you swim every day?
+TEMPLATE: Paul: ____{No, I don't like to swim.}
+TEMPLATE: QUESTION: ____{Did Paul say that he swam every day?|Did Paul say he swam every day?}
+RESPONSE: Paul: No, I don't like to swim. QUESTION: Did Paul say that he swam every day?
+
+# Source: LLA 3B Figure 3 (Dialog 1)
+$DIALOGUE A Message for Captain Douglas
+ID: 3b-f3
+INTRO: Reported speech at work: Sergeant Richards is stuck in Detroit and needs two more days of leave. Listen to how the message travels.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the conversation.
+
+Female1: Hello, Alpha Squadron, may I help you? {bk12-l3b-f3-d1-01.mp3}
+Male1: Yes, Captain Douglas, please. {bk12-l3b-f3-d1-02.mp3}
+Female1: I'm sorry, sir, he's not here right now. May I take a message? {bk12-l3b-f3-d1-03.mp3}
+Male1: Yes, this is Sergeant Richards. I am in Detroit, and I won't be back tomorrow. I need to ask for 2 more days of leave. {bk12-l3b-f3-d1-04.mp3}
+Female1: Okay, Sergeant Richards. I'll give him your message. Call back in 2 hours and I'll have an answer for you. {bk12-l3b-f3-d1-05.mp3}
+Male1: Thanks. {bk12-l3b-f3-d1-06.mp3}
+Female1: Captain Douglas? {bk12-l3b-f3-d1-07.mp3}
+Male2: Yes. {bk12-l3b-f3-d1-08.mp3}
+Female1: Sergeant Richard called. He said that he was in Detroit and needed 2 more days of leave. He'll call back in about 30 minutes for his answer. {bk12-l3b-f3-d1-09.mp3}
+Male2: If I'm not here, tell him okay, there's no problem with leave. I'll see him in about 2 days. {bk12-l3b-f3-d1-10.mp3}
+Female1: Yes, sir. {bk12-l3b-f3-d1-11.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 3B Figure 3 (Question 1)
+$PRODUCE What Did Sergeant Richards Need?
+ID: 3b-f3-b
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: Now answer the question about the phone call. Speak your answer out loud in a full sentence.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer the question aloud.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+SHOW_PROMPT
+REPEAT
+RUBRIC: Accept any phrasing that states Sergeant Richards needed to ask for 2 more days of leave.
+
+PROMPT: What did Sergeant Richards need to ask Captain Douglas? {bk12-l3b-f3-01-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Sergeant Richards needed to ask for 2 more days of leave. {bk12-l3b-f3-01-a.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 3B Figure 3 (Dialog 2)
+$DIALOGUE A Dinner Invitation
+ID: 3b-f3-c
+INTRO: Another message passed along: Sue invites Lorraine to dinner — by way of Lorraine's mother. Listen.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the conversation.
+
+Female1: Hi, Mrs. Peterson, is Lorraine home? {bk12-l3b-f3-d2-01.mp3}
+Female2: No, she's not. What do you need? {bk12-l3b-f3-d2-02.mp3}
+Female1: Well, my mom said that I could ask a friend to come for dinner tonight, and I wanted to ask Lorraine. {bk12-l3b-f3-d2-03.mp3}
+Female2: I'm sure she'd love to come, Sue. She'll be home at 5:30. What time is dinner? {bk12-l3b-f3-d2-04.mp3}
+Female1: It's not until 7 tonight. I'll have her at your house at 7 o'clock. {bk12-l3b-f3-d2-05.mp3}
+Female2: Thanks. {bk12-l3b-f3-d2-06.mp3}
+Female2: I'm home, Mom. {bk12-l3b-f3-d2-07.mp3}
+Female1: Lorraine, Sue has asked you to have dinner at her house tonight. They are going to eat at 7 o'clock. Did you tell her that I could go? {bk12-l3b-f3-d2-08.mp3}
+Female2: Yes. And I told her you'd be there by 7 o'clock. So let's go. {bk12-l3b-f3-d2-09.mp3}
+Female1: Yes, Ma'am. {bk12-l3b-f3-d2-10.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 3B Figure 3 (Question 2)
+$PRODUCE Where Does Sue Want Lorraine to Go?
+ID: 3b-f3-d
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: Now answer the question about the second conversation. Speak your answer out loud in a full sentence.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer the question aloud.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+SHOW_PROMPT
+REPEAT
+RUBRIC: Accept any phrasing that states Sue wants Lorraine to go to her house for dinner at 7 o'clock.
+
+PROMPT: Where does Sue want Lorraine to go, and at what time? {bk12-l3b-f3-02-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Sue wants Lorraine to go to her house for dinner at 7 o'clock. {bk12-l3b-f3-02-a.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 3C Figure 4
+$PRODUCE Dictation: Randy's Decision
+ID: 3c-f4
+INTRO: Dictation time. Randy has big decisions to make; you just have to type them. Listen to each phrase and type exactly what you hear.
+INSTRUCTION: Type what you hear.
+INPUT: type
+CHECK: exact
+
+PROMPT: Randy is in his last year {bk12-l3c-f4-01.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Randy is in his last year {bk12-l3c-f4-01.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: of high school. {bk12-l3c-f4-02.mp3}
+RESPONSE: of high school. {bk12-l3c-f4-02.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Last Friday {bk12-l3c-f4-03.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Last Friday {bk12-l3c-f4-03.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: he made up his mind {bk12-l3c-f4-04.mp3}
+RESPONSE: he made up his mind {bk12-l3c-f4-04.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: to go to college. {bk12-l3c-f4-05.mp3}
+RESPONSE: to go to college. {bk12-l3c-f4-05.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Now he has to decide {bk12-l3c-f4-06.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Now he has to decide {bk12-l3c-f4-06.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: what career field to choose. {bk12-l3c-f4-07.mp3}
+RESPONSE: what career field to choose. {bk12-l3c-f4-07.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: His parents told him {bk12-l3c-f4-08.mp3}
+RESPONSE: His parents told him {bk12-l3c-f4-08.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: that a degree in business {bk12-l3c-f4-09.mp3}
+RESPONSE: that a degree in business {bk12-l3c-f4-09.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: would give him {bk12-l3c-f4-10.mp3}
+RESPONSE: would give him {bk12-l3c-f4-10.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: a good future. {bk12-l3c-f4-11.mp3}
+RESPONSE: a good future. {bk12-l3c-f4-11.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: He's still confused {bk12-l3c-f4-12.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He's still confused {bk12-l3c-f4-12.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: about the courses {bk12-l3c-f4-13.mp3}
+RESPONSE: about the courses {bk12-l3c-f4-13.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: he wants to study {bk12-l3c-f4-14.mp3}
+RESPONSE: he wants to study {bk12-l3c-f4-14.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: but he has time {bk12-l3c-f4-15.mp3}
+RESPONSE: but he has time {bk12-l3c-f4-15.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: to think it over. {bk12-l3c-f4-16.mp3}
+RESPONSE: to think it over. {bk12-l3c-f4-16.mp3}
+
+$LESSON 3-6: Present Perfect and Listening Skills
+
+# Source: LLA 3D Listening/Speaking Activity
+$DIALOGUE Present Perfect — Listen and Repeat
+ID: 3d-ls1
+INTRO: Last part: the present perfect — for things that have already happened, or have gone on until now — plus some number and sound practice to finish. Listen to the sentences and repeat them.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
+REPEAT
+
+LINE: Hurry, you're late. The meeting has already begun. {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+LINE: Hurry, you're late. The meeting has already begun. {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+LINE: Hurry, you're late. The meeting has already begun. {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+LINE: Hurry, you're late. The meeting has already begun. {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+LINE: Hurry, you're late. The meeting has already begun. {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+LINE: Hurry, you're late. The meeting has already begun. {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+LINE: Hurry, you're late. The meeting has already begun. {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+LINE: Hurry, you're late. The meeting has already begun. {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+LINE: Hurry, you're late. The meeting has already begun. {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+LINE: Hurry, you're late. The meeting has already begun. {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+LINE: Hurry, you're late. The meeting has already begun. {bk12-l3d-f9-NN.mp3}
+
+# Source: new (gap: the present perfect is drilled on tape 3D but never explained in this lesson)
+$GRAMMAR The Present Perfect
+ID: 3d-ls1-b
+INTRO: A quick look at the pattern you just heard, before you drill it.
+
+The present perfect is **have / has** + the past participle:
+
+{The meeting has already begun.} — {He's broken his leg.}
+
+Use it for things that have already happened, or that started in the past and continue now:
+
+{Mark has had that car since 1984.} — {I've ridden the bus for 3 years.}
+
+Watch the irregular past participles from these sentences: **begun, broken, cost, frozen, had, kept, paid, ridden, slept, taught, withdrawn**.
+
+# Source: LLA 3D Figure 10
+$PRODUCE Answer in the Present Perfect
+ID: 3d-f10
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: Answer each question aloud in the present perfect, using the cue words on the screen, then repeat the correct answer.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer aloud using the cue words.
+REPEAT
+
+TEMPLATE: meeting / already / begin
+PROMPT: Why do I have to hurry? {bk12-l3d-f10-NN.mp3}
+RESPONSE: You have to hurry because the meeting has already begun. {bk12-l3d-f10-NN.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: he / break / leg
+PROMPT: Why do I have to hurry? {bk12-l3d-f10-NN.mp3}
+RESPONSE: You have to hurry because the meeting has already begun. {bk12-l3d-f10-NN.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: dog / cost
+PROMPT: Why do I have to hurry? {bk12-l3d-f10-NN.mp3}
+RESPONSE: You have to hurry because the meeting has already begun. {bk12-l3d-f10-NN.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: water / lake
+PROMPT: Why do I have to hurry? {bk12-l3d-f10-NN.mp3}
+RESPONSE: You have to hurry because the meeting has already begun. {bk12-l3d-f10-NN.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: since / 1984
+PROMPT: Why do I have to hurry? {bk12-l3d-f10-NN.mp3}
+RESPONSE: You have to hurry because the meeting has already begun. {bk12-l3d-f10-NN.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: all / old jackets
+PROMPT: Why do I have to hurry? {bk12-l3d-f10-NN.mp3}
+RESPONSE: You have to hurry because the meeting has already begun. {bk12-l3d-f10-NN.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: no
+PROMPT: Why do I have to hurry? {bk12-l3d-f10-NN.mp3}
+RESPONSE: You have to hurry because the meeting has already begun. {bk12-l3d-f10-NN.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: ride / bus / three years
+PROMPT: Why do I have to hurry? {bk12-l3d-f10-NN.mp3}
+RESPONSE: You have to hurry because the meeting has already begun. {bk12-l3d-f10-NN.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: sleep well / three nights
+PROMPT: Why do I have to hurry? {bk12-l3d-f10-NN.mp3}
+RESPONSE: You have to hurry because the meeting has already begun. {bk12-l3d-f10-NN.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: teach / that course / six years
+PROMPT: Why do I have to hurry? {bk12-l3d-f10-NN.mp3}
+RESPONSE: You have to hurry because the meeting has already begun. {bk12-l3d-f10-NN.mp3}
+
+TEMPLATE: withdraw / money / Swiss bank
+PROMPT: Why do I have to hurry? {bk12-l3d-f10-NN.mp3}
+RESPONSE: You have to hurry because the meeting has already begun. {bk12-l3d-f10-NN.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 3D Figure 11
+$PRODUCE Write the Numbers
+ID: 3d-f11
+INTRO: Two short paragraphs full of numbers. Listen carefully and type the numbers you hear in the blanks.
+INSTRUCTION: Type the numbers.
+INPUT: type
+CHECK: exact
+
+PROMPT: Nick got a job last week... {bk12-l3d-f11-NN.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: Number 1: ____{250}
+TEMPLATE: Number 2: ____{530}
+TEMPLATE: Number 3: ____{1,001|1001}
+RESPONSE: 250, 530, 1,001
+
+PROMPT: Nick got a job last week... {bk12-l3d-f11-NN.mp3}
+TEMPLATE: Kindergarten: ____{200}
+TEMPLATE: 1st grade: ____{250}
+TEMPLATE: 2nd grade: ____{247}
+TEMPLATE: 3rd grade: ____{272}
+TEMPLATE: 4th grade: ____{302}
+TEMPLATE: 5th grade: ____{287}
+RESPONSE: 200, 250, 247, 272, 302, 287
+
+# Source: ST §Circle the Same Sound
+$SELECT Same Sound
+ID: l3-s12
+INTRO: Time to tune your ears — or at least your spelling. Tap the word whose underlined letters make the same sound as the underlined part of the first word.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap the word that has the same sound for the underlined part.
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: l*au*gh
+OPTION: a | b*u*g
+OPTION: b | b*ee*f
+OPTION: c | d*au*ghter
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: a*cc*ept
+OPTION: a | *c*ook
+OPTION: b | *r*ice
+OPTION: c | *e*gg
+ANSWER: a|b
+
+TEMPLATE: profe*ss*ion
+OPTION: a | *sh*ut
+OPTION: b | *ch*air
+OPTION: c | *s*it
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: te*ch*nical
+OPTION: a | *ch*arge
+OPTION: b | *n*eck
+OPTION: c | *q*uiet
+ANSWER: c
+
+TEMPLATE: re*f*usal
+OPTION: a | *b*usy
+OPTION: b | *c*ashier
+OPTION: c | *c*ross
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: di*sc*uss
+OPTION: a | *d*ecide
+OPTION: b | *c*ause
+OPTION: c | *ch*arge
+ANSWER: a|b
+
+TEMPLATE: *ch*oice
+OPTION: a | *c*ash
+OPTION: b | *ch*arge
+OPTION: c | *n*eck
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: *kn*ow
+OPTION: a | *n*ew
+OPTION: b | *k*eep
+OPTION: c | *q*uick
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: re*fu*se
+OPTION: a | *p*ass
+OPTION: b | *n*oise
+OPTION: c | *sh*ine
+ANSWER: c|a
+
+TEMPLATE: edu*ca*tion
+OPTION: a | *sh*op
+OPTION: b | *ch*oose
+OPTION: c | *t*ime
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: *ed*ucate
+OPTION: a | *c*ircle
+OPTION: b | *l*oose
+OPTION: c | *f*orget
+ANSWER: b|c
+
+# Source: ST §What Does It Mean?
+$SELECT What Does It Mean?
+ID: l3-s17
+INTRO: Last activity. Tap the word that means the same as the underlined word in each sentence. That's Lesson 3 — you've added on quite a bit yourself.
+INSTRUCTION: Select the word with the same meaning as the underlined word.
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: Greg likes to *fish* on the lake early in the morning. If he gets any, he eats them for breakfast.
+OPTION: a | try to get fish
+OPTION: b | buy fish
+OPTION: c | eat fish
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: Smith *cancelled* the meeting because his car broke down, and he knew he'd be late.
+OPTION: a | came to the meeting
+OPTION: b | didn't have the meeting
+OPTION: c | spoke at the meeting
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: Ms. King gave a *lecture* last night, and everyone enjoyed listening to her.
+OPTION: a | a talk
+OPTION: b | a present
+OPTION: c | a cry
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: Cosa gave his teacher a *neat* paper with no mistakes or marks on it.
+OPTION: a | dirty
+OPTION: b | hard
+OPTION: c | clean
+ANSWER: c
+
+TEMPLATE: He's in the hospital with an unknown *disease*.
+OPTION: a | sickness
+OPTION: b | word
+OPTION: c | vehicle
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: Martha *sauteed* chicken and vegetables for her family's dinner. She's a good cook and can prepare almost any dish.
+OPTION: a | bought
+OPTION: b | cooked
+OPTION: c | enlarged
+ANSWER: b
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+$MODULE Book 12 · Lesson 4: We Used to Go to the Lake {st-page_105_001.jpg}
+FORMAT: 2
+DIOCO_DOC_ID: alc_book12_lesson4
+DESCRIPTION: Hunting, fishing, and outdoor vocabulary; "used to" and "would" for past habits; -er comparatives; reporting what people said; past participles; dictation and listening review.
+TARGET_LANG_G: en
+HOME_LANG_G: en
+VOICE_DEFAULT: aoede | Clear, friendly American English narrator
+VOICE_PROMPT: gacrux | Questions and cues, read clearly
+VOICE_RESPONSE: schedar | Model answers, warm and clear
+VOICE: Dad | achernar | Male voice
+VOICE: Child | schedar | Younger voice
+VOICE: Mr_Sandoval | achernar | Male caller
+VOICE: Receptionist | gacrux | Female receptionist
+VOICE: Capt_Richardson | schedar | Male officer
+VOICE: Mary | gacrux | Female speaker
+VOICE: Jane | achird | Female speaker
+VOICE: Man1 | achernar | Male
+VOICE: Man2 | achird | Male
+VOICE: Pete | achernar | Male speaker
+VOICE: Charlie | achernar | Male speaker
+VOICE: Melissa | aoede | Female speaker
+VOICE: Chris | achird | Male speaker
+VOICE: Richard | schedar | Male speaker
+VOICE: ID | achernar | speaker (auto)
+
+$LESSON 4-1: Hunting and the Outdoors
+
+# Source: LLA 4A Figure 1 (Part 1)
+$DIALOGUE Hunting and Outdoor Words
+ID: 4a-f1
+INTRO: In this lesson you'll learn to talk about life outdoors — hunting, fishing, and the things you used to do back in the day. First, the new words: listen to each sentence and repeat it.
+INSTRUCTION: Repeat each word and sentence.
+REPEAT
+
+VOCAB: fish
+LINE: Mr. Thrasher caught a big fish last Saturday. {page_059_001.jpg} {bk12-l4a-f1-01.mp3}
+
+LINE: The boys are fishing off the pier. {page_059_002.jpg} {bk12-l4a-f1-02.mp3}
+LINE: Their fathers are fishing off the boat. {page_059_002.jpg} {bk12-l4a-f1-03.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: hunt
+LINE: My uncle is hunting ducks. {page_059_003.jpg} {bk12-l4a-f1-04.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: country
+LINE: The flowers are beautiful out in the country. {page_059_004.jpg} {bk12-l4a-f1-05.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: high
+LINE: Roger could see the whole city from the high hill. {page_059_005.jpg} {bk12-l4a-f1-06.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: low
+LINE: The temperature was 37 degrees. {page_059_006.jpg} {bk12-l4a-f1-07.mp3}
+LINE: That was low for April. {page_059_006.jpg} {bk12-l4a-f1-08.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: outdoors
+LINE: Put that dog outdoors. {page_060_001.jpg} {bk12-l4a-f1-09.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: out of doors
+LINE: We like to play out of doors. {page_060_002.jpg} {bk12-l4a-f1-10.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: indoors
+LINE: It's rainy and cold. {page_060_003.jpg} {bk12-l4a-f1-11.mp3}
+LINE: It's a good day to stay indoors. {page_060_003.jpg} {bk12-l4a-f1-12.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: deer
+LINE: The deer are eating by the lake. {page_060_004.jpg} {bk12-l4a-f1-13.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: duck
+LINE: The children enjoy feeding the ducks. {page_060_005.jpg} {bk12-l4a-f1-14.mp3}
+
+# Source: ST §We May Go Hunting (distinct item salvaged from dropped twin)
+VOCAB: to kill
+LINE: Dan likes to hunt ducks. He's just shot a duck and killed it. {st-page_107_004.jpg}
+
+VOCAB: gun
+LINE: The store sells many kinds of guns. {page_060_006.jpg} {bk12-l4a-f1-15.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: rifle
+LINE: My grandfather bought me this new rifle. {page_061_001.jpg} {bk12-l4a-f1-16.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: weapon
+LINE: That soldier has used all the weapons. {page_061_002.jpg} {bk12-l4a-f1-17.mp3}
+
+# Source: ST §We May Go Hunting (distinct item salvaged from dropped twin)
+VOCAB: pistol
+LINE: Pistols and rifles are guns. Guns and knives are weapons. {st-page_107_001.jpg}
+
+# Source: LLA 4A Figure 1 (Part 2) — split into three sets to keep image pools ≤ 6
+$SELECT Which Picture? — Fishing and the Country
+ID: 4a-f1-b
+INTRO: Now check yourself. Listen to each sentence and tap the picture it describes.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap the matching picture.
+
+OPTION: a | A {page_059_001.jpg}
+OPTION: b | B {page_059_002.jpg}
+OPTION: c | C {page_059_003.jpg}
+OPTION: d | D {page_059_004.jpg}
+OPTION: e | E {page_059_005.jpg}
+
+PROMPT: My neighbor enjoys hunting. {bk12-l4a-f1-18.mp3}
+ANSWER: c
+
+PROMPT: George lives out in the country, far away from the city. {bk12-l4a-f1-19.mp3}
+ANSWER: d
+
+PROMPT: That's really a big fish. {bk12-l4a-f1-23.mp3}
+ANSWER: a
+
+PROMPT: Look how high he is. {bk12-l4a-f1-24.mp3}
+ANSWER: e
+
+PROMPT: The boys ask their fathers to go fishing. {bk12-l4a-f1-29.mp3}
+ANSWER: b
+
+# Source: LLA 4A Figure 1 (Part 2)
+$SELECT Which Picture? — Indoors and Outdoors
+ID: 4a-f1-c
+INTRO: Same game, new pictures. Listen and tap the one that matches.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap the matching picture.
+
+OPTION: f | F {page_059_006.jpg}
+OPTION: g | G {page_060_001.jpg}
+OPTION: h | H {page_060_002.jpg}
+OPTION: i | I {page_060_003.jpg}
+OPTION: j | J {page_060_004.jpg}
+
+PROMPT: Look at the deer. {bk12-l4a-f1-20.mp3}
+ANSWER: j
+
+PROMPT: The temperature was very low. {bk12-l4a-f1-22.mp3}
+ANSWER: f
+
+PROMPT: It's still raining; I've been indoors all day. {bk12-l4a-f1-26.mp3}
+ANSWER: i
+
+PROMPT: They have to play soccer out of doors. {bk12-l4a-f1-27.mp3}
+ANSWER: h
+
+PROMPT: Roger's dog has to stay outdoors. {bk12-l4a-f1-30.mp3}
+ANSWER: g
+
+# Source: LLA 4A Figure 1 (Part 2)
+$SELECT Which Picture? — Guns and Game
+ID: 4a-f1-d
+INTRO: Last set — weapons and the animals that would rather avoid them. Listen and tap the matching picture.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap the matching picture.
+
+OPTION: k | K {page_060_005.jpg}
+OPTION: l | L {page_060_006.jpg}
+OPTION: m | M {page_061_001.jpg}
+OPTION: n | N {page_061_002.jpg}
+
+PROMPT: Don's Gun Store has a large variety of guns. {bk12-l4a-f1-21.mp3}
+ANSWER: l
+
+PROMPT: John learned all about weapons in the military. {bk12-l4a-f1-25.mp3}
+ANSWER: n
+
+PROMPT: Mike is learning how to shoot his new rifle. {bk12-l4a-f1-28.mp3}
+ANSWER: m
+
+PROMPT: The ducks like to play in the water. {bk12-l4a-f1-31.mp3}
+ANSWER: k
+
+# Source: ST §Watch Out, Deer!
+$DIALOGUE Watch Out, Deer!
+ID: l4-s2
+INTRO: Fred and Pete are getting ready for deer season. Fred has a brand-new rifle — so far, the soda cans are winning. Read and listen to the story.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and read the paragraphs.
+
+VOCAB: out-of-doors
+VOCAB: once
+LINE: Fred and Pete like to be out-of-doors. Once every year during the deer season, they spend at least two weeks hunting.
+LINE: Deer season this year will begin next week.
+VOCAB: preparing
+LINE: Both Fred and Pete are getting ready for their hunting trip. They're preparing their weapons.
+
+VOCAB: country
+VOCAB: practice
+VOCAB: shoot
+LINE: Fred has just bought a new rifle, so he and Pete have driven out of the city to the country to practice with it. Fred is going to shoot at some empty soda cans.
+LINE: He was so excited that he dropped his truck keys in the grass.
+VOCAB: for
+LINE: Pete had to hunt for the keys because all Fred could think about was shooting his new rifle.
+
+VOCAB: bang!
+LINE: Bang!!!!
+
+VOCAB: shot
+Pete: Good, Fred, that was a good shot. Do it again.
+
+LINE: Bang!!!!
+
+VOCAB: low
+Pete: You missed that time. You weren't low enough. You have to shoot lower.
+
+LINE: Bang!!!!
+
+VOCAB: high
+Pete: You're still shooting too high, Fred.
+
+LINE: Bang! . . . bang! . . . bang! . . . bang! . . . bang!
+
+VOCAB: several
+VOCAB: watch out
+Pete: After several shots, I think you've got it now, Fred. Watch out, deer! Here we come!
+NOTES: Watch out = be careful
+
+# Source: ST §True or False?
+$SELECT True or False?
+ID: l4-s3
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: Decide whether each statement about Fred and Pete is true or false. You can look back at the story if you need to.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap True or False.
+SHOW_PROMPT
+OPTION: t | True
+OPTION: f | False
+
+PROMPT: Fred and Pete like to be out-of-doors.
+ANSWER: t
+
+PROMPT: Fred and Pete hunt deer two times a year.
+ANSWER: f
+
+PROMPT: They are getting their weapons ready.
+ANSWER: t
+
+PROMPT: Fred and Pete went to another country.
+ANSWER: f
+
+PROMPT: Fred wants to practice with his new rifle.
+ANSWER: t
+
+PROMPT: Fred will shoot at some cans.
+ANSWER: t
+
+PROMPT: Fred hunted for his keys.
+ANSWER: f
+
+PROMPT: Fred's shots were very low at first.
+ANSWER: f
+
+PROMPT: Fred shot only one time.
+ANSWER: f
+
+# Source: ST §Make a Sentence (recast: bare cue words → cued questions about the story)
+$PRODUCE Tell the Story
+ID: l4-s4
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: Now retell the story. Answer each question in a full sentence, using the cue word shown on the screen.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer in a full sentence using the cue word.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+SHOW_PROMPT
+RUBRIC: Treat the model answer as the factual key; accept any phrasing of the same fact. The answer should use the cue word shown in the TEMPLATE.
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: out-of-doors
+PROMPT: What do Fred and Pete like?
+RESPONSE: Fred and Pete like to be out-of-doors.
+
+TEMPLATE: once
+PROMPT: How often do Fred and Pete go hunting?
+RESPONSE: Once every year they spend two weeks hunting.
+
+TEMPLATE: deer season
+PROMPT: When will deer season begin?
+RESPONSE: Deer season will begin next week.
+
+TEMPLATE: prepare
+PROMPT: What are Fred and Pete doing with their weapons?
+RESPONSE: They're preparing their weapons.
+
+TEMPLATE: country
+PROMPT: Where have Fred and Pete driven?
+RESPONSE: They have driven to the country.
+
+TEMPLATE: practice
+PROMPT: Why did Fred drive out of the city?
+RESPONSE: Fred is going to practice with his new rifle.
+
+TEMPLATE: shoot at
+PROMPT: What is Fred going to shoot at?
+RESPONSE: Fred is going to shoot at some empty soda cans.
+
+TEMPLATE: lower
+PROMPT: What does Fred have to do to stop missing?
+RESPONSE: Fred has to shoot lower.
+
+TEMPLATE: several
+PROMPT: When did Pete think Fred was finally ready?
+RESPONSE: After several shots, Pete thought Fred was ready.
+
+# Source: LLA 4A Figure 2 (Part 1)
+$PRODUCE Type the Missing Word
+ID: 4a-f2
+INPUT: type
+CHECK: exact
+INTRO: Listen to each sentence and type the word that's missing on your screen. Then repeat the full sentence.
+INSTRUCTION: Type the missing word.
+REPEAT
+
+TEMPLATE: The ocean is a good place to ____ fish.
+PROMPT: The ocean is a good place to catch fish. {bk12-l4a-f2-01.mp3}
+RESPONSE: The ocean is a good place to catch fish. {bk12-l4a-f2-01.mp3}
+ACCEPT: catch
+
+TEMPLATE: My grandfather taught me how to ____ a rifle.
+PROMPT: My grandfather taught me how to shoot a rifle. {bk12-l4a-f2-02.mp3}
+RESPONSE: My grandfather taught me how to shoot a rifle. {bk12-l4a-f2-02.mp3}
+ACCEPT: shoot
+
+TEMPLATE: We enlarged the house, so now I have my ____ room.
+PROMPT: We enlarged the house, so now I have my own room. {bk12-l4a-f2-03.mp3}
+RESPONSE: We enlarged the house, so now I have my own room. {bk12-l4a-f2-03.mp3}
+ACCEPT: own
+
+TEMPLATE: The police heard a ____ when they arrived at the house.
+PROMPT: The police heard a shot when they arrived at the house. {bk12-l4a-f2-04.mp3}
+RESPONSE: The police heard a shot when they arrived at the house. {bk12-l4a-f2-04.mp3}
+ACCEPT: shot
+
+$LESSON 4-2: Used To
+
+# Source: ST §Used To (grammar box)
+$GRAMMAR Used To
+ID: l4-s16
+INTRO: In this part you'll learn to talk about past habits with "used to" — things that were true once, but aren't anymore.
+
+We use **used to** to say that something happened regularly or existed in the past but no longer happens or exists now.
+
+{I used to be a student at that college.} {Now I'm an instructor there.}
+
+# Source: LLA 4A Figure 2 (Part 2)
+$DIALOGUE Used To — Listen and Repeat
+ID: 4a-ls1
+INTRO: Listen to what these people used to do — and what they do now — and repeat each sentence.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
+REPEAT
+
+LINE: Frank used to be in the army. {bk12-l4a-f2-05.mp3}
+LINE: Now he works in an office. {bk12-l4a-f2-06.mp3}
+LINE: Don used to play football. {bk12-l4a-f2-07.mp3}
+LINE: Now he plays tennis. {bk12-l4a-f2-08.mp3}
+LINE: Beth used to cook dinner every night. {bk12-l4a-f2-09.mp3}
+LINE: But now her daughter does. {bk12-l4a-f2-10.mp3}
+LINE: My nephew used to visit us every weekend. {bk12-l4a-f2-11.mp3}
+LINE: But he doesn't anymore. {bk12-l4a-f2-12.mp3}
+LINE: My father used to take me fishing every summer. {bk12-l4a-f2-13.mp3}
+LINE: Now I take my son. {bk12-l4a-f2-14.mp3}
+LINE: Uncle Jim used to take me hunting every fall. {bk12-l4a-f2-15.mp3}
+LINE: But we haven't gone for 6 years. {bk12-l4a-f2-16.mp3}
+LINE: My neighbor used to own a gun. {bk12-l4a-f2-17.mp3}
+LINE: But he sold it last month. {bk12-l4a-f2-18.mp3}
+
+# Source: ST §Used To Sentences
+$DIALOGUE Used To — Questions and Answers
+ID: l4-s17
+INTRO: Now read and listen to "used to" in questions and answers. Notice the question form: "Did he use to...?"
+INSTRUCTION: Read and listen to the sentences.
+
+LINE: My father used to smoke, but he stopped last year.
+LINE: Did Larry use to cook dinner every night? Yes, and he used to cook breakfast on the weekends, too. Now he doesn't have enough time.
+LINE: Did Lt Evans use to play football for the Air Force? No, he used to play for the Army.
+LINE: Where did Oscar use to live? Oscar used to live in Mexico City; now he lives in Miami, Florida.
+LINE: Captain Simms used to be late for class every day. His instructor used to get angry at him.
+
+# Source: LLA 4A Figure 3 (Part 1)
+$DIALOGUE Hank's Story
+ID: 4a-f3
+INTRO: Hank used to live in hot Phoenix. Now he lives in cool Seattle, and everything has changed — even his necktie. Listen to the paragraph.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the paragraph.
+
+LINE: Hank used to live in Phoenix, Arizona. {bk12-l4a-f3-01.mp3}
+LINE: It gets very hot there, so people try to plan their work very carefully. {bk12-l4a-f3-02.mp3}
+LINE: Hank used to go to work at 6:30 every morning, and he used to leave at 2:30 in the afternoon. {bk12-l4a-f3-03.mp3}
+LINE: He used to wear cotton shirts and pants to work. {bk12-l4a-f3-04.mp3}
+LINE: He never wore a suit and tie. {bk12-l4a-f3-05.mp3}
+LINE: Now he lives in Seattle, Washington. {bk12-l4a-f3-06.mp3}
+LINE: It's very cool there. {bk12-l4a-f3-07.mp3}
+LINE: He doesn't go to work early, and he works until 5:30 in the afternoon. {bk12-l4a-f3-08.mp3}
+LINE: He always wears a suit and tie to work. {bk12-l4a-f3-09.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 4A Figure 3 (Part 2)
+$PRODUCE Questions About Hank
+ID: 4a-f3-b
+REFERENCE
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: Answer the questions about Hank aloud, then compare with the model answer and repeat it.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer the question aloud.
+REPEAT
+
+PROMPT: Where did Hank used to live? {bk12-l4a-f3-10-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He used to live in Phoenix, Arizona. {bk12-l4a-f3-10-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: How was the climate there? {bk12-l4a-f3-11-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: It's very hot. {bk12-l4a-f3-11-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: What time did Hank used to go to work? {bk12-l4a-f3-12-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He used to go to work at 6:30. {bk12-l4a-f3-12-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: When did he used to leave work? {bk12-l4a-f3-13-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He used to leave work at 2:30. {bk12-l4a-f3-13-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: What did he used to wear to work? {bk12-l4a-f3-14-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He used to wear cotton shirts and pants. {bk12-l4a-f3-14-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Where does he live now? {bk12-l4a-f3-15-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Now he lives in Seattle, Washington. {bk12-l4a-f3-15-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: What time does he leave work there? {bk12-l4a-f3-16-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He leaves work at 5:30. {bk12-l4a-f3-16-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: What does he wear to work? {bk12-l4a-f3-17-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He always wears a suit and tie. {bk12-l4a-f3-17-a.mp3}
+
+# SKIPPED (book): LLA 4A Figure 4 — spatial grid/coordinate placement task, not expressible.
+
+# Source: ST §Jack Used to Work at Night
+$DIALOGUE Jack Used to Work at Night
+ID: l4-s18
+INTRO: Jack used to be the night waiter. Now he owns the restaurant. Read and listen to his story.
+INSTRUCTION: Read the paragraph.
+
+LINE: Jack used to be a waiter in a restaurant that was open 24 hours a day. He used to work at night.
+LINE: He used to go to work at 10:30 p.m. and work until 7:00 a.m.
+LINE: He used to wear jeans, a T-shirt, and a pair of tennis shoes.
+LINE: Now Jack works from 10:00 a.m. until 7:00 p.m., wears a three-piece suit, and owns the restaurant.
+
+# Source: new (gap: ST says "Answer the questions your teacher asks" about Jack but prints no questions; authored a Q&A pass parallel to Hank's)
+$PRODUCE Questions About Jack
+ID: l4-s18-b
+REFERENCE
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: Answer a few questions about Jack aloud, then check the model answer.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer the question aloud.
+
+PROMPT: What did Jack use to be?
+RESPONSE: He used to be a waiter in a restaurant.
+
+PROMPT: When did he use to work?
+RESPONSE: He used to work at night, from 10:30 p.m. until 7:00 a.m.
+
+PROMPT: What did he use to wear?
+RESPONSE: He used to wear jeans, a T-shirt, and a pair of tennis shoes.
+
+PROMPT: What does Jack do now?
+RESPONSE: Now he owns the restaurant and works from 10:00 a.m. until 7:00 p.m.
+
+# Source: ST §Things Are Not What They Used to Be
+$PRODUCE Things Are Not What They Used to Be
+ID: l4-s19
+INTRO: People change. Complete each short exchange aloud with "used to" and the words in parentheses.
+INSTRUCTION: Complete the dialog aloud using "used to" and the words in parentheses.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: Bob isn't like I remember him from college. — No, he's not. He ____ (have hair)
+RESPONSE: No, he's not. He used to have hair.
+
+TEMPLATE: Did you know that Mike can speak Spanish? — Yes. He ____ (live in Mexico)
+RESPONSE: Yes. He used to live in Mexico.
+
+TEMPLATE: How did you learn to shoot like that? — I ____ (be in the military)
+RESPONSE: I used to be in the military.
+
+TEMPLATE: Does Rod know a lot about animals? — Yes, he does. He ____ (work out-of-doors)
+RESPONSE: Yes, he does. He used to work out-of-doors.
+
+TEMPLATE: Why does Ray have all those weapons? — He ____ every fall. (hunt)
+RESPONSE: He used to hunt every fall.
+
+TEMPLATE: Where did you get all these shoes? — I ____ at a shoe store. (work)
+RESPONSE: I used to work at a shoe store.
+
+TEMPLATE: Does Fred know how to fly? — Sure. He ____ (be a pilot in the Navy)
+RESPONSE: Sure. He used to be a pilot in the Navy.
+
+TEMPLATE: Is Ms. Richards helping you with your math? — Yes, she ____ (be a high school math teacher)
+RESPONSE: Yes, she used to be a high school math teacher.
+
+TEMPLATE: I heard that you fixed Mr. Edwards' car. — Yes, I ____ (work in a garage)
+RESPONSE: Yes, I used to work in a garage.
+
+$LESSON 4-3: Fishing and Everyday Words
+
+# Source: LLA 4B Listening/Speaking Activity (+ two items salvaged from dropped ST twin §Some New Words)
+$DIALOGUE New Words in Sentences
+ID: l4b-ls1
+INTRO: In this part you'll pick up the everyday words you need for a family fishing trip — and then go on one. Listen to each word in a sentence and repeat.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
+REPEAT
+
+VOCAB: go
+LINE: Victor drives to the lake to go fishing. {bk12-l4b-f1-01.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: instructions
+LINE: I don't know how to do this. Please read the instructions to me. {bk12-l4b-f1-02.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: plenty
+LINE: Please stay for dinner. There is plenty of food. {bk12-l4b-f1-03.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: practice
+LINE: Michelle practices tennis every day. She's quite good. {bk12-l4b-f1-04.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: prepare
+LINE: The soldier was preparing dinner. He's a good cook. {bk12-l4b-f1-05.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: used to
+LINE: Jeff used to be in the military. Now he's going to school. {bk12-l4b-f1-06.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: would
+LINE: Last year Margaret would come to our house every evening. {bk12-l4b-f1-07.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: all over
+LINE: The baby spilled the milk all over his mother. {bk12-l4b-f1-08.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: farther
+LINE: Larry can run farther than Mike can. Mike can run only 1 mile. {bk12-l4b-f1-09.mp3}
+
+# Source: ST §Some New Words (distinct item salvaged from dropped twin)
+VOCAB: further
+LINE: I've gone further in my education than my brother has. I'm in college while he's only in high school.
+
+VOCAB: hard
+LINE: The math test was really hard. I didn't get a good score. {bk12-l4b-f1-10.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: more
+LINE: Billy has more money than I do. He has $10, I have only 5. {bk12-l4b-f1-11.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: once
+LINE: My uncle went fishing once. He has never gone again. {bk12-l4b-f1-12.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: several
+LINE: There were several people from Korea at the get-together. {bk12-l4b-f1-13.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: slow
+LINE: She hurt her leg. Now Mrs. Martin walks very slow. {bk12-l4b-f1-14.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: twice
+LINE: Bobby has been sick twice this year. He's been sick 2 times. {bk12-l4b-f1-15.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: whole
+LINE: Sandy's son ate the whole pie. He ate all of it. {bk12-l4b-f1-16.mp3}
+
+# Source: ST §Some New Words (distinct item salvaged from dropped twin)
+VOCAB: to catch
+LINE: I want to go to the lake to catch some fish. I caught some fish there last week.
+LINE: My friends have caught many fish there, too.
+
+# Source: LLA 4B Figure 1
+$SELECT Choose the Answer
+ID: 4b-f1
+INTRO: Now use those words. Listen to each question, tap the correct answer, then repeat it.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct answer.
+REPEAT
+
+OPTION: a | Yes, it was really hard.
+OPTION: b | She practices every day.
+OPTION: c | He drives to the lake to go fishing.
+OPTION: d | Several people from Korea were at the get-together.
+OPTION: e | Yes, I can. Let me read the instructions.
+OPTION: f | Yes, there's plenty of food.
+OPTION: g | He was preparing dinner.
+OPTION: h | He's been sick twice.
+
+PROMPT: Was the math test hard? {bk12-l4b-f1-17-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: a
+FEEDBACK: Yes, it was really hard. {bk12-l4b-f1-17-fb.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: How often does Michelle practice tennis? {bk12-l4b-f1-18-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: b
+FEEDBACK: She practices every day. {bk12-l4b-f1-18-fb.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Why does Victor drive to the lake? {bk12-l4b-f1-19-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: c
+FEEDBACK: He drives to the lake to go fishing. {bk12-l4b-f1-19-fb.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: How many people from Korea were at the get-together? {bk12-l4b-f1-20-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: d
+FEEDBACK: Several people from Korea were at the get-together. {bk12-l4b-f1-20-fb.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Can you tell me how to do this? {bk12-l4b-f1-21-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: e
+FEEDBACK: Yes, I can. Let me read the instructions. {bk12-l4b-f1-21-fb.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Is there plenty of food? {bk12-l4b-f1-22-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: f
+FEEDBACK: Yes, there is plenty of food. {bk12-l4b-f1-22-fb.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: What was the soldier preparing? {bk12-l4b-f1-23-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: g
+FEEDBACK: He was preparing dinner. {bk12-l4b-f1-23-fb.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: How many times has Bobby been sick this year? {bk12-l4b-f1-24-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: h
+FEEDBACK: He's been sick twice. {bk12-l4b-f1-24-fb.mp3}
+
+# Source: ST §Indoors or Outdoors
+$DIALOGUE Indoors or Outdoors
+ID: l4-s7
+INTRO: Melissa wants to stay home this weekend. Charlie wants to go fishing. Listen to the negotiation and repeat each line.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat the dialog.
+REPEAT
+
+VOCAB: indoors
+Melissa: Charlie, I want to stay indoors this weekend and work on the house.
+Charlie: But I thought we were going fishing with the children.
+Melissa: I don't want to go fishing. I want to stay home.
+
+VOCAB: outdoors
+VOCAB: in the open
+VOCAB: to take walks
+Charlie: Why don't you want to go outdoors? Chris, Richard, and I love to be in the open, and you love to take walks around the lake.
+
+VOCAB: to fish
+Melissa: That's true. And I know you like to fish, but I don't like to clean and prepare the fish. I get bored just watching you.
+Charlie: If I prepare the fish, will you go?
+Melissa: I'll think about it.
+
+# Source: ST §Answer About the Dialog
+$PRODUCE Questions: Indoors or Outdoors
+ID: l4-s8
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: Answer the questions about Melissa and Charlie. Say your answer, and the model will confirm it.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer the questions about the dialog.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+SHOW_PROMPT
+RUBRIC: Treat the model answer as the factual key; accept any phrasing or short form of the same fact(s).
+
+PROMPT: What does Melissa want to do this weekend?
+RESPONSE: She wants to stay indoors and work on the house.
+
+PROMPT: What does Charlie want to do?
+RESPONSE: He wants to go fishing.
+
+PROMPT: Who else likes to be out in the open?
+RESPONSE: Chris and Richard like to be in the open.
+
+PROMPT: Why doesn't Melissa want to go fishing?
+RESPONSE: She doesn't like to clean and prepare the fish, and she gets bored.
+
+PROMPT: Who will prepare the fish?
+RESPONSE: Charlie will prepare the fish.
+
+# Source: ST §The Fishing Rod
+$DIALOGUE The Fishing Rod
+ID: l4-s9
+INTRO: Everyone in the family has a fishing rod — except Mom. Charlie has a theory about that. Listen and repeat.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat the dialog.
+REPEAT
+
+VOCAB: fishing rod
+Charlie: Your mother doesn't want to go fishing. I think she needs her own fishing rod. {st-page_113_001.jpg}
+
+VOCAB: own
+Chris: That's a good idea, Dad. You have your own rod, Richard has his own, and I have my own. Mom needs her own, too. {st-page_113_001.jpg}
+Charlie: There's a department store farther down the street. We can buy one there. {st-page_113_001.jpg}
+
+# Source: ST §Answer About the Fishing Rod
+$PRODUCE Questions: The Fishing Rod
+ID: l4-s10
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: Three quick questions about the fishing rod. Answer aloud.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer the questions about the dialog.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+SHOW_PROMPT
+RUBRIC: Treat the model answer as the factual key; accept any phrasing or short form of the same fact(s).
+
+PROMPT: What does Mother need?
+RESPONSE: She needs her own fishing rod.
+
+PROMPT: Who already has a fishing rod?
+RESPONSE: Dad, Chris, and Richard have their own rods.
+
+PROMPT: Where is the department store?
+RESPONSE: It is farther down the street.
+
+# Source: ST §The Lesson
+$DIALOGUE The Fishing Lesson
+ID: l4-s11
+INTRO: Melissa catches her first fish — almost. Listen to Richard's coaching and repeat each line.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat the dialog.
+REPEAT
+
+VOCAB: all over
+Melissa: Are there fish all over or just in some parts of the lake?
+
+VOCAB: everywhere
+Richard: They're everywhere but some places are better for catching them.
+Melissa: I've caught one! I've caught one! What do I do next?
+
+VOCAB: line
+VOCAB: slow
+VOCAB: hard
+Richard: Pull the line in slow. Don't pull it hard because you may lose the fish.
+
+VOCAB: once
+VOCAB: twice
+Melissa: It's gone. This has happened to me not once, but twice already.
+Richard: Don't worry. Two times is nothing. You'll learn.
+
+# Source: ST §Answer About the Lesson
+$PRODUCE Questions: The Fishing Lesson
+ID: l4-s12
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: Answer the questions about Melissa's fishing lesson aloud.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer the questions about the dialog.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+SHOW_PROMPT
+RUBRIC: Treat the model answer as the factual key; accept any phrasing or short form of the same fact(s).
+
+PROMPT: Are there fish all over or just in some parts of the lake?
+RESPONSE: They are everywhere, but some places are better.
+
+PROMPT: How should Melissa pull in the line? Why?
+RESPONSE: She should pull it in slow. If she pulls it hard, she may lose the fish.
+
+PROMPT: How many times has Melissa lost fish?
+RESPONSE: She has lost fish twice already.
+
+# Source: ST §Preparing the Fish
+$DIALOGUE Preparing the Fish
+ID: l4-s13
+INTRO: Charlie kept his promise — now he has to cook. Listen to Melissa's instructions and repeat each line.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat the dialog.
+REPEAT
+
+Charlie: Okay, Melissa; give me further instructions. Tell me how to prepare the fish.
+VOCAB: few
+Melissa: Have you caught a few fish already?
+VOCAB: several
+Charlie: Yes, I've caught several, about four or five. So tell me.
+Melissa: First, make a fire. Next, clean the fish and put some lemon juice, salt, and pepper on it. Then cook it in very hot oil.
+Charlie: One fish is ready. Who wants it?
+Chris: I do.
+VOCAB: whole
+Charlie: Do you want the whole fish or just half, Chris?
+Chris: I'll take a whole one.
+VOCAB: more
+Charlie: Was one enough or do you want more?
+VOCAB: more than enough
+Chris: No. One was plenty. It was more than enough.
+
+# Source: ST §Answer About Preparing the Fish
+$PRODUCE Questions: Preparing the Fish
+ID: l4-s14
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: Answer the questions about the fish dinner aloud.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer the questions about the dialog.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+SHOW_PROMPT
+RUBRIC: Treat the model answer as the factual key; accept any phrasing or short form of the same fact(s).
+
+PROMPT: How many fish did Charlie catch?
+RESPONSE: He caught several, about four or five.
+
+PROMPT: What kind of instructions did Melissa give Charlie?
+RESPONSE: She gave him instructions on how to prepare the fish.
+
+PROMPT: Did Chris want half a fish?
+RESPONSE: No, he wanted a whole one.
+
+PROMPT: Was one fish enough for him?
+RESPONSE: Yes, one was plenty.
+
+# Source: ST §What Does It Mean?
+$SELECT What Does It Mean?
+ID: l4-s15
+INTRO: Read each sentence and tap the meaning of the underlined word or phrase.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct meaning of the underlined word(s).
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: Mike *coached* his son because he wanted him to learn how to play the game well.
+OPTION: a | bought games
+OPTION: b | gave instructions
+OPTION: c | served soda
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: They played very hard during the *whole* game, but they still *lost*.
+OPTION: a | weren't first
+OPTION: b | didn't finish
+OPTION: c | were late
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: Herby played a *tennis match* with his friend. It took them an hour.
+OPTION: a | planned a party
+OPTION: b | started a fire
+OPTION: c | played a game
+ANSWER: c
+
+TEMPLATE: Andy *believes* weapons are dangerous. He doesn't let his children touch them.
+OPTION: a | expects
+OPTION: b | repairs
+OPTION: c | thinks
+ANSWER: c
+
+TEMPLATE: The plane was flying *towards* New York when it started to rain hard.
+OPTION: a | around New York
+OPTION: b | in the direction of New York
+OPTION: c | away from New York
+ANSWER: b
+
+$LESSON 4-4: Would — Past Routines
+
+# Source: ST §Would (grammar box)
+$GRAMMAR Would
+ID: l4-s21
+INTRO: This part adds "would" — another way to talk about things that happened again and again in the past. You'll hear it, use it, and mix it with "used to".
+
+We use **would** when we talk about things that often happened in the past.
+
+{When my sister and I were young, my family would go to the mountains.} {If the weather was good, we would get up early and go swimming in the cold river.}
+
+**Used to** is also possible in these sentences.
+
+# Source: LLA 4B Figure 2 (Part 1)
+$DIALOGUE Dad's Hunting Trips
+ID: 4b-f2
+INTRO: Dad remembers his hunting trips — every fall, the same routine, including the boring parts. Listen for "would".
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.
+
+Child: Hey, Dad. Tell us about your hunting trips. {bk12-l4b-f2-01.mp3}
+Dad: Okay. {bk12-l4b-f2-02.mp3}
+LINE: Every fall, my grandfather, my father, my two uncles, and I would go hunting. {bk12-l4b-f2-03.mp3}
+LINE: We would get up very early in the morning, eat breakfast, and get ready to hunt. {bk12-l4b-f2-04.mp3}
+LINE: We would have to be very quiet when the hunt started. {bk12-l4b-f2-05.mp3}
+LINE: Sometimes I would get bored just sitting and waiting for the deer. {bk12-l4b-f2-06.mp3}
+LINE: In the evening, we would eat dinner, then go to bed very early. {bk12-l4b-f2-07.mp3}
+LINE: We would usually sleep in a lot of clothes because it was very cold. {bk12-l4b-f2-08.mp3}
+LINE: We would stay about 2 or 3 days and then go back home. {bk12-l4b-f2-09.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 4B Figure 2 (Part 2)
+$PRODUCE Questions About the Hunting Trips
+ID: 4b-f2-b
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: Answer the questions about the hunting trips aloud in a full sentence, then repeat the model answer.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer aloud with a full sentence.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+REPEAT
+
+PROMPT: When would they go hunting? {bk12-l4b-f2-10-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: They would go hunting in the fall. {bk12-l4b-f2-10-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: What would they do in the morning? {bk12-l4b-f2-11-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: They would get up early, eat breakfast, and get ready to hunt. {bk12-l4b-f2-11-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: When would they have to be quiet? {bk12-l4b-f2-12-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: They would have to be very quiet when the hunt started. {bk12-l4b-f2-12-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Was it always exciting? {bk12-l4b-f2-13-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: No, it was sometimes boring. {bk12-l4b-f2-13-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: What would they do in the evening? {bk12-l4b-f2-14-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: They would eat dinner, then go to bed early. {bk12-l4b-f2-14-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Why would they sleep in a lot of clothes? {bk12-l4b-f2-15-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: They would sleep in a lot of clothes because it was very cold. {bk12-l4b-f2-15-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: How long would they stay? {bk12-l4b-f2-16-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: They would stay about 2 or 3 days. {bk12-l4b-f2-16-a.mp3}
+
+# Source: ST §When Ken Was in Fifth Grade
+$DIALOGUE When Ken Was in Fifth Grade
+ID: l4-s22
+INTRO: Ken would do anything for his favorite teacher — even empty the trash. Read and listen.
+INSTRUCTION: Read the paragraph.
+
+LINE: When Ken was in fifth grade, he had a teacher that he really liked.
+LINE: He would study very hard for her class.
+LINE: Anytime she needed someone to help her, Ken would offer to help.
+LINE: He would clean the chalkboards, straighten the desks, and empty the trash.
+LINE: Sometimes, he would stay after class and ask her questions about the day's lessons.
+LINE: He thought that there would never be another teacher like her.
+LINE: He was wrong. Now he's in the seventh grade, and he has another favorite teacher.
+
+# SKIPPED (book): ST "Use the numbers as guides and answer the questions" about the Ken
+# paragraph — the book prints neither the questions nor the numbers. Dropped.
+
+# Source: ST §When I Was Young...
+$PRODUCE When I Was Young...
+ID: l4-s23
+INTRO: Your turn. Complete each sentence about your own childhood with "would". Any true answer works — any believable one, too.
+INSTRUCTION: Complete the sentence aloud using "would".
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+RUBRIC: Accept any grammatical sentence completion using "would" + base verb that makes logical sense with the prompt.
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: When I was a child, and I was sick, ____
+RESPONSE: I would ask my mother to let me stay in her bed.
+
+TEMPLATE: When I was in school and arrived late, I ____
+RESPONSE: I would apologize to the teacher.
+
+TEMPLATE: When my sister was a little girl, she ____
+RESPONSE: she would play with her dolls.
+
+TEMPLATE: When I was young and needed money, I ____
+RESPONSE: I would ask my dad for some.
+
+TEMPLATE: When I was a child and was frightened, I ____
+RESPONSE: I would hide under the bed.
+
+TEMPLATE: When my father got angry with me, he ____
+RESPONSE: he would yell at me.
+
+TEMPLATE: My parents were pleased with me when I ____
+RESPONSE: when I would clean my room.
+
+TEMPLATE: When I was young, during the summer I ____
+RESPONSE: I would go swimming every day.
+
+TEMPLATE: When I was a child, on my mother's birthday, I ____
+RESPONSE: I would make her a card.
+
+# Source: ST §Before You Were in the Military...
+$DIALOGUE Ask About the Past — Three Ways
+ID: l4-s24
+INTRO: There are three ways to ask about the past: with "use to", with "would", and with the simple past. Listen and repeat each question.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat each question.
+REPEAT
+
+LINE: What did you use to do for entertainment?
+LINE: What would you do for fun?
+LINE: What did you do for entertainment?
+
+LINE: Where did you use to go fishing?
+LINE: Where would you go on your vacations?
+LINE: Where did you go on your vacations?
+
+LINE: How did you use to spend your free time?
+LINE: How would you spend your free time?
+LINE: How did you spend your free time?
+
+# Source: ST §Before I Was in the Military...
+$DIALOGUE Answer About the Past — Three Ways
+ID: l4-s25
+INTRO: And three ways to answer — "would", the short "I'd", and "used to". Listen and repeat each version.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat each sentence.
+REPEAT
+
+LINE: I would go hunting every fall.
+LINE: I'd go hunting every fall.
+LINE: I used to go hunting every fall.
+
+LINE: I would go to the movies every weekend.
+LINE: I'd go to the movies every weekend.
+LINE: I used to go to the movies every weekend.
+
+LINE: I would spend my vacations in the mountains.
+LINE: I'd spend my vacations in the mountains.
+LINE: I used to spend my vacations in the mountains.
+
+LINE: I would play soccer every evening.
+LINE: I'd play soccer every evening.
+LINE: I used to play soccer every evening.
+
+LINE: I would go fishing every Saturday.
+LINE: I'd go fishing every Saturday.
+LINE: I used to go fishing every Saturday.
+
+LINE: I would go fishing at the lake near my home.
+LINE: I'd go fishing at the lake near my home.
+LINE: I used to go fishing at the lake near my home.
+
+# Source: ST §Before I Lived Here...
+$SELECT Put the Story in Order
+ID: l4-s26
+ORDER
+INTRO: Two short stories about the old days, scrambled. Put the sentences in order so each one makes sense.
+INSTRUCTION: Put the sentences in order to form a story.
+
+TEMPLATE: Story A
+OPTION: a | Frequently I'd see deer or other animals on that old road.
+OPTION: b | There was a lot of traffic on the highway, so I used to take an old country road.
+OPTION: c | Before I lived here, I used to live in the country far from work, so I'd get up very early in the morning.
+OPTION: d | It took a little longer to travel that way, but I enjoyed seeing them in the early morning hours.
+ANSWER: c,b,a,d
+
+TEMPLATE: Story B
+OPTION: a | As a matter of fact, it was so good I couldn't wait. I used to start eating before we got to the country.
+OPTION: b | When I was young, my dad and I used to go deer hunting.
+OPTION: c | We used to get it from a small cafe on our way out of town. I remember they served delicious hot bread.
+OPTION: d | We'd have breakfast at home, but we'd always eat our lunch in the country.
+ANSWER: b,d,c,a
+
+# SKIPPED (book): ST "WHEN I WAS A CHILD... Answer the question. Use used to or would." —
+# teacher-led open group discussion sharing childhood routines. Dropped.
+
+# Source: LLA 4B Figure 3
+$SELECT Finish the Sentence
+ID: 4b-f3
+INTRO: Listen to the first half of a sentence, then tap the phrase that finishes it. Repeat the whole sentence when you hear it.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct completing phrase.
+REPEAT
+
+OPTION: a | but his son found them in the yard.
+OPTION: b | so I asked for help.
+OPTION: c | and Sam likes to go fishing.
+OPTION: d | but I didn't.
+OPTION: e | so he took the bus to work.
+OPTION: f | and Howard is using his pistol.
+
+EXAMPLE
+PROMPT: The desk was too heavy for me to move. {bk12-l4b-f3-01-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: b
+FEEDBACK: The desk was too heavy for me to move, so I asked for help. {bk12-l4b-f3-01-fb.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Andy wanted to go to the movie. {bk12-l4b-f3-02-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: d
+FEEDBACK: Andy wanted to go to the movie, but I didn't. {bk12-l4b-f3-02-fb.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Henry couldn't find his keys. {bk12-l4b-f3-03-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: a
+FEEDBACK: Henry couldn't find his keys, but his son found them in the yard. {bk12-l4b-f3-03-fb.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Captain Jones's car is in the garage. {bk12-l4b-f3-04-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: e
+FEEDBACK: Captain Jones's car is in the garage, so he took the bus to work. {bk12-l4b-f3-04-fb.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Jim likes to go hunting. {bk12-l4b-f3-05-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: c
+FEEDBACK: Jim likes to go hunting, and Sam likes to go fishing. {bk12-l4b-f3-05-fb.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Roger is shooting with his rifle. {bk12-l4b-f3-06-q.mp3}
+ANSWER: f
+FEEDBACK: Roger is shooting with his rifle, and Howard is using his pistol. {bk12-l4b-f3-06-fb.mp3}
+
+# Source: ST §Sentence Combining
+$PRODUCE Combine the Sentences
+ID: l4-s20
+INTRO: Now build the full sentences yourself. Join each pair into one sentence, using the connector in parentheses. Say it, then check the model.
+INSTRUCTION: Say the combined sentence using the word in parentheses.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: Ralph and Ellen wanted to go hunting early in the morning. They decided to stay out-of-doors. (so)
+RESPONSE: Ralph and Ellen wanted to go hunting early in the morning, so they decided to stay out-of-doors.
+
+TEMPLATE: They hunted twice this week. Ralph finally shot a deer on Sunday morning. (and)
+RESPONSE: They hunted twice this week, and Ralph finally shot a deer on Sunday morning.
+
+TEMPLATE: They were very tired. They had a good time. (but)
+RESPONSE: They were very tired, but they had a good time.
+
+TEMPLATE: They couldn't eat the whole deer. They gave some of it to their neighbors. (so)
+RESPONSE: They couldn't eat the whole deer, so they gave some of it to their neighbors.
+
+TEMPLATE: Ralph and Ellen can hunt there. They can go fishing. (or)
+RESPONSE: Ralph and Ellen can hunt there, or they can go fishing.
+
+TEMPLATE: They are going to the lake. They hope to catch a lot of fish. (and)
+RESPONSE: They are going to the lake, and they hope to catch a lot of fish.
+
+TEMPLATE: There is a lake house. They may stay outdoors. (but)
+RESPONSE: There is a lake house, but they may stay outdoors.
+
+TEMPLATE: They have to get up very early in the morning. They should go to bed before 11:00. (so)
+RESPONSE: They have to get up very early in the morning, so they should go to bed before 11:00.
+
+TEMPLATE: They can spend time outdoors. They can stay indoors. (or)
+RESPONSE: They can spend time outdoors, or they can stay indoors.
+
+$LESSON 4-5: Comparatives, Messages, and Dictation
+
+# Source: new (gap: -er comparative adverbs are drilled on the 4C tape but never explained in this lesson)
+$GRAMMAR Comparing with -er
+ID: 12-4c-f1-g
+INTRO: In this part you'll compare how people do things — who works harder, who drives slower — then take some phone messages and write a dictation. First, the pattern.
+
+To compare how people do things, add **-er** to a short adverb and follow it with **than**:
+
+{Sally left earlier than John did.} {Alan works harder than Bob does.} {Cars move faster than buses do.}
+
+**Far** changes to **farther**:
+
+{Pete throws the baseball farther than Don does.}
+
+# Source: LLA 4C Figure 1
+$PRODUCE Who Does It More?
+ID: 12-4c-f1
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: Listen to each statement and the question that follows. Answer aloud in a full sentence, then repeat the model answer.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer the question you hear.
+REPEAT
+
+PROMPT: "Joan arrived later than Martha." Joan arrived later than Martha. Who arrived later than Martha? {bk12-l4c-f1-01-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Joan arrived later than Martha. {bk12-l4c-f1-01-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: "Sally left earlier than John did." Sally left earlier than John did. Who left earlier? {bk12-l4c-f1-02-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Sally left earlier than John did. {bk12-l4c-f1-02-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: "Alan works harder than Bob does." Alan works harder than Bob does. Who works harder than Bob? {bk12-l4c-f1-03-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Alan works harder than Bob does. {bk12-l4c-f1-03-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: "My grandmother drives slower than my brother does." My grandmother drives slower than my brother does. Who drives slower than my brother does? {bk12-l4c-f1-04-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Your grandmother drives slower than your brother does. {bk12-l4c-f1-04-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: "His relatives came sooner than Bill expected." His relatives came sooner than Bill expected. Who came sooner than Bill expected? {bk12-l4c-f1-05-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: His relatives came sooner than Bill expected. {bk12-l4c-f1-05-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: "Cars move faster than buses do." Cars move faster than buses do. Which move faster, cars or buses? {bk12-l4c-f1-06-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Cars move faster than buses do. {bk12-l4c-f1-06-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: "Pete throws the baseball farther than Don does." Pete throws the baseball farther than Don does. Who throws the baseball farther? {bk12-l4c-f1-07-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Pete throws the baseball farther than Don does. {bk12-l4c-f1-07-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: "Laurie can draw straighter lines than Sam can." Laurie can draw straighter lines than Sam can. Who can draw straighter lines? {bk12-l4c-f1-08-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Laurie can draw straighter lines than Sam can. {bk12-l4c-f1-08-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: "The Navy pilots try to fly higher than the Air Force pilots." The Navy pilots try to fly higher than the Air Force pilots. Which pilots try to fly higher? {bk12-l4c-f1-09-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: The Navy pilots try to fly higher than the Air Force pilots. {bk12-l4c-f1-09-a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: "That red plane flies lower than the blue plane." That red plane flies lower than the blue plane. Which plane flies lower? {bk12-l4c-f1-10-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: The red plane flies lower than the blue plane. {bk12-l4c-f1-10-a.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 4C Figure 2 (Dialog 1)
+$DIALOGUE A Phone Message
+ID: 12-4c-f2-d1
+INTRO: A phone call for Joe Ferguson, who is out. Listen to the message — you'll report it in a moment.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.
+
+Mr_Sandoval: Hello. May I speak to Joe Ferguson, please? {bk12-l4c-f2-d1-01.mp3}
+Receptionist: He's not here right now. May I take a message? {bk12-l4c-f2-d1-02.mp3}
+Mr_Sandoval: Yes, this is Fred Sandoval. His car is ready. {bk12-l4c-f2-d1-03.mp3}
+Receptionist: Thank you, Mr. Sandoval. I'll tell him. {bk12-l4c-f2-d1-04.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 4C Figure 2 (Question 1)
+$PRODUCE What Did Mr. Sandoval Say?
+ID: 12-4c-f2-q1
+REFERENCE
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: Now report what you heard. Answer aloud, then compare with the model and repeat it.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer the question you hear.
+REPEAT
+
+PROMPT: What did Mr. Sandoval say about the car? {bk12-l4c-f2-q1-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Mr. Sandoval said, "The car was ready." {bk12-l4c-f2-q1-a.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 4C Figure 2 (Dialog 2)
+$DIALOGUE Looking for Captain Brown
+ID: 12-4c-f2-d2
+INTRO: Captain Richardson is looking for Captain Brown — who is, naturally, at lunch. Listen.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.
+
+Receptionist: Yes, sir. May I help you? {bk12-l4c-f2-d2-01.mp3}
+Capt_Richardson: I'm Captain Richardson. I'm looking for Captain Brown. Is this his office? {bk12-l4c-f2-d2-02.mp3}
+Receptionist: Yes, it is, but he's not here right now. He's at lunch. {bk12-l4c-f2-d2-03.mp3}
+Capt_Richardson: I have his money at my office. {bk12-l4c-f2-d2-04.mp3}
+Receptionist: I'll tell him, sir. {bk12-l4c-f2-d2-05.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 4C Figure 2 (Question 2)
+$PRODUCE What Did Captain Richardson Say?
+ID: 12-4c-f2-q2
+REFERENCE
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: Report what Captain Richardson said. Answer aloud, then repeat the model.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer the question you hear.
+REPEAT
+
+PROMPT: What did Captain Richardson say about the money? {bk12-l4c-f2-q2-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He said he had the money at his office. {bk12-l4c-f2-q2-a.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 4C Figure 2 (Dialog 3)
+$DIALOGUE Jane's Chicken
+ID: 12-4c-f2-d3
+INTRO: Mary likes Jane's chicken — enough to ask for lessons. Listen to the conversation.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.
+
+Mary: This chicken is very good, Jane. {bk12-l4c-f2-d3-01.mp3}
+Jane: Thanks, Mary. It's very easy to prepare. {bk12-l4c-f2-d3-02.mp3}
+Mary: I'm not a very good cook. Maybe you could teach me some things. {bk12-l4c-f2-d3-03.mp3}
+Jane: Certainly. I like to cook. {bk12-l4c-f2-d3-04.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 4C Figure 2 (Question 3)
+$PRODUCE What Did Jane Say?
+ID: 12-4c-f2-q3
+REFERENCE
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+INTRO: Report what Jane said about cooking. Answer aloud, then repeat the model.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer the question you hear.
+REPEAT
+
+PROMPT: What did Jane say about cooking? {bk12-l4c-f2-q3-q.mp3}
+RESPONSE: She said she liked to cook. {bk12-l4c-f2-q3-a.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 4C Figure 3
+$PRODUCE Dictation: Carl's House
+ID: 12-4c-f3
+INPUT: type
+CHECK: exact
+INTRO: Dictation time. Carl wants to change his house. Type each short phrase exactly as you hear it.
+INSTRUCTION: Type the phrase you hear.
+
+PROMPT: Carl walked into his house last night. {bk12-l4c-f3-01.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Carl walked into his house last night. {bk12-l4c-f3-01.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: And decided he wanted a change. {bk12-l4c-f3-02.mp3}
+RESPONSE: And decided he wanted a change. {bk12-l4c-f3-02.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: What could he do? {bk12-l4c-f3-03.mp3}
+RESPONSE: What could he do? {bk12-l4c-f3-03.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: To change his house. {bk12-l4c-f3-04.mp3}
+RESPONSE: To change his house. {bk12-l4c-f3-04.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Well, he could enlarge. {bk12-l4c-f3-05.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Well, he could enlarge. {bk12-l4c-f3-05.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: His kitchen. {bk12-l4c-f3-06.mp3}
+RESPONSE: His kitchen. {bk12-l4c-f3-06.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: He could add on. {bk12-l4c-f3-07.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He could add on. {bk12-l4c-f3-07.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Another bedroom. {bk12-l4c-f3-08.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Another bedroom. {bk12-l4c-f3-08.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: And he could build. {bk12-l4c-f3-09.mp3}
+RESPONSE: And he could build. {bk12-l4c-f3-09.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: A patio. {bk12-l4c-f3-10.mp3}
+RESPONSE: A patio. {bk12-l4c-f3-10.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: He's going to think about it. {bk12-l4c-f3-11.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He's going to think about it. {bk12-l4c-f3-11.mp3}
+ACCEPT: He is going to think about it.
+
+PROMPT: During the weekend. {bk12-l4c-f3-12.mp3}
+RESPONSE: During the weekend. {bk12-l4c-f3-12.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: He'll make his decision. {bk12-l4c-f3-13.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He'll make his decision. {bk12-l4c-f3-13.mp3}
+ACCEPT: He will make his decision.
+
+PROMPT: On Monday. {bk12-l4c-f3-14.mp3}
+RESPONSE: On Monday. {bk12-l4c-f3-14.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Then he'll have to ask his wife. {bk12-l4c-f3-15.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Then he'll have to ask his wife. {bk12-l4c-f3-15.mp3}
+ACCEPT: Then he will have to ask his wife.
+
+PROMPT: I hope she likes. {bk12-l4c-f3-16.mp3}
+RESPONSE: I hope she likes. {bk12-l4c-f3-16.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: His plans. {bk12-l4c-f3-17.mp3}
+RESPONSE: His plans. {bk12-l4c-f3-17.mp3}
+
+$LESSON 4-6: Putting It Together
+
+# Source: new (gap: irregular past participles are presented on the 4D tape but never explained in this lesson)
+$GRAMMAR Have and Has with Past Participles
+ID: 4d-ls1-g
+INTRO: Last part — time to put the week together: past participles, two long conversations, feelings, and a round for your ears. First, a quick look at the verb forms that go with "have" and "has".
+
+When we talk about things that have happened before now, we use **have** or **has** with a past participle. Some verbs have irregular forms:
+
+| Verb | With have / has |
+|---|---|
+| bring | {has brought} |
+| cut | {have cut} |
+| fall | {have fallen} |
+| forget | {has forgotten} |
+| grow | {has grown} |
+| hide | {have hidden} |
+| leave | {has left} |
+| make | {has made} |
+
+# Source: LLA 4D Listening/Speaking Activity
+$DIALOGUE Past Participles in Sentences
+ID: 4d-ls1
+INTRO: Now hear those forms in real sentences. Listen and repeat each one.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
+REPEAT
+
+VOCAB: brought
+LINE: Ginger has brought that chicken dish before. {bk12-l4d-f1-01.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: cut
+LINE: I have cut the wood 4 times this week. {bk12-l4d-f1-02.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: fallen
+LINE: Those curtains have fallen 3 times this week. Let's fix them. {bk12-l4d-f1-03.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: forgotten
+LINE: Do you think Sergeant Wilson has forgotten about this meeting? {bk12-l4d-f1-04.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: grown
+LINE: That tree has really grown since last year. {bk12-l4d-f1-05.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: hidden
+LINE: The children have hidden my car keys. I can't go to work. {bk12-l4d-f1-06.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: left
+LINE: Barbara has left her umbrella here. {bk12-l4d-f1-07.mp3}
+
+VOCAB: made
+LINE: Captain Orta has made that vegetable dish many times before. {bk12-l4d-f1-08.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 4D Figure 1 (Dialog 1)
+$DIALOGUE From Texas to California
+ID: 4d-f1-d1
+INTRO: Two men talk about school days in Texas — buses, a first car, and a father who lent money only occasionally. Listen; the questions come next.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.
+
+Man1: Where are you from? {bk12-l4d-f1-d1-01.mp3}
+Man2: I used to live in Texas. Now I live in California. {bk12-l4d-f1-d1-02.mp3}
+Man1: Did you go to school in Texas? {bk12-l4d-f1-d1-03.mp3}
+Man2: Yes, I did. I used to ride a bus to school every day. Then, when I was 16, my father bought me a car. {bk12-l4d-f1-d1-04.mp3}
+Man1: Did you drive to school? {bk12-l4d-f1-d1-05.mp3}
+Man2: I would usually drive, but sometimes I didn't have enough money for gas. {bk12-l4d-f1-d1-06.mp3}
+Man1: Did your father ever lend you money? {bk12-l4d-f1-d1-07.mp3}
+Man2: He'd lend me money occasionally, but not very often. {bk12-l4d-f1-d1-08.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 4D Figure 1 (Dialog 1 Questions)
+$PRODUCE Questions: From Texas to California
+ID: 4d-f1-q1
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: Answer the questions about the conversation aloud, then repeat the model answer.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer the questions aloud.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+REPEAT
+
+PROMPT: Where did he used to live? {bk12-l4d-f1-q1-01.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He used to live in Texas. {bk12-l4d-f1-q1-01a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Where does he live now? {bk12-l4d-f1-q1-02.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Now he lives in California. {bk12-l4d-f1-q1-02a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: How did he used to go to school? {bk12-l4d-f1-q1-03.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He used to ride a bus to school. {bk12-l4d-f1-q1-03a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: What did his father buy him when he was 16? {bk12-l4d-f1-q1-04.mp3}
+RESPONSE: When he was 16, his father bought him a car. {bk12-l4d-f1-q1-04a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Would he always drive to school? {bk12-l4d-f1-q1-05.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He would usually drive to school, but sometimes he didn't have enough money for gas. {bk12-l4d-f1-q1-05a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Would his father lend him money? {bk12-l4d-f1-q1-06.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He would lend him money occasionally. {bk12-l4d-f1-q1-06a.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 4D Figure 1 (Dialog 2)
+$DIALOGUE Twenty Years in the Army
+ID: 4d-f1-d2
+INTRO: The next conversation: twenty years in the Army, 4:30 mornings, and students who studied all weekend. Listen closely.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.
+
+Man1: Have you ever been in the military? {bk12-l4d-f1-d2-01.mp3}
+Man2: Yes, I have. I was in the Army for 20 years. {bk12-l4d-f1-d2-02.mp3}
+Man1: Did you enjoy it? {bk12-l4d-f1-d2-03.mp3}
+Man2: Yes, I did. Sometimes it was difficult, but I liked my job. I was an instructor. {bk12-l4d-f1-d2-04.mp3}
+Man1: Where did you work? {bk12-l4d-f1-d2-05.mp3}
+Man2: Well, I worked at Fort Benning in Georgia. I used to get up at 4:30 every morning, and then I would go to the mess hall for breakfast. After breakfast, I would go to class. My students used to work very hard. They used to stay in their rooms and study all weekend. {bk12-l4d-f1-d2-06.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 4D Figure 1 (Dialog 2 Questions)
+$PRODUCE Questions: Twenty Years in the Army
+ID: 4d-f1-q2
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: Answer the questions about the instructor aloud, then repeat the model answer.
+INSTRUCTION: Answer the questions aloud.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: reveal
+REPEAT
+
+PROMPT: Has he ever been in the military? {bk12-l4d-f1-q2-01.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Yes, he has been in the military. {bk12-l4d-f1-q2-01a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: What was his job? {bk12-l4d-f1-q2-02.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He was an instructor. {bk12-l4d-f1-q2-02a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: When did he used to get up? {bk12-l4d-f1-q2-03.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He used to get up at 4:30. {bk12-l4d-f1-q2-03a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Where would he go after he got up? {bk12-l4d-f1-q2-04.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He would go to the mess hall for breakfast. {bk12-l4d-f1-q2-04a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Where would he go after breakfast? {bk12-l4d-f1-q2-05.mp3}
+RESPONSE: He would go to class. {bk12-l4d-f1-q2-05a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: Did his students used to work very hard? {bk12-l4d-f1-q2-06.mp3}
+RESPONSE: Yes, his students used to work very hard. {bk12-l4d-f1-q2-06a.mp3}
+
+PROMPT: What did they used to do all weekend? {bk12-l4d-f1-q2-07.mp3}
+RESPONSE: They used to study all weekend. {bk12-l4d-f1-q2-07a.mp3}
+
+# Source: LLA 4D Figure 2
+$SELECT How Do They Feel?
+ID: 4d-f2
+INTRO: Listen to each short exchange and decide how the person feels — nobody will say it directly. Tap the best word, then repeat the answer.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct word.
+REPEAT
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: The son is ____.
+PROMPT: Look, Dad, I caught one. — That's wonderful, son. {bk12-l4d-f2-ex-q.mp3}
+OPTION: a | angry
+OPTION: b | excited {bk12-l4d-f2-ex-a.mp3}
+OPTION: c | sad
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: Nancy is ____.
+PROMPT: Oh no, the cigarette burned my new dress. — Don't worry, Nancy, I think I can fix it. {bk12-l4d-f2-01-q.mp3}
+OPTION: a | sick
+OPTION: b | upset {bk12-l4d-f2-01-a.mp3}
+OPTION: c | sad
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: She is ____.
+PROMPT: That's my check, Bobby. Give it to me. — No, I'm playing with it. {bk12-l4d-f2-02-q.mp3}
+OPTION: a | angry {bk12-l4d-f2-02-a.mp3}
+OPTION: b | happy
+OPTION: c | sad
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: Matt is ____.
+PROMPT: Hey, Matt. Let's go hunting this weekend. — I'd love to. What time do you want to leave? {bk12-l4d-f2-03-q.mp3}
+OPTION: a | angry
+OPTION: b | upset
+OPTION: c | happy {bk12-l4d-f2-03-a.mp3}
+ANSWER: c
+
+TEMPLATE: Jack is ____.
+PROMPT: Janet, where are my socks? — I'm sorry, Jack. I forgot to wash them. {bk12-l4d-f2-04-q.mp3}
+OPTION: a | excited
+OPTION: b | sad
+OPTION: c | angry {bk12-l4d-f2-04-a.mp3}
+ANSWER: c
+
+TEMPLATE: They are ____.
+PROMPT: Did you hear that shot? — Yes, I did. It was near here. {bk12-l4d-f2-05-q.mp3}
+OPTION: a | afraid {bk12-l4d-f2-05-a.mp3}
+OPTION: b | late
+OPTION: c | happy
+ANSWER: a
+
+# Source: ST §Which Letter Does It Sound Like?
+$SELECT Which Letter Does It Sound Like?
+ID: l4-s5
+INTRO: One last round for your ears and eyes. In each item, tap the word where the marked letters make the same sound as in the first word. That's the whole lesson — well hunted.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap the word that has the same sound as the underlined letter(s).
+
+EXAMPLE
+TEMPLATE: lau*gh*
+OPTION: a | bi*g*
+OPTION: b | bee*f*
+OPTION: c | dau*gh*ter
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: *c*limb
+OPTION: a | coo*k*
+OPTION: b | i*c*e
+OPTION: c | chan*ge*
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: li*c*ense
+OPTION: a | coo*k*
+OPTION: b | flie*s*
+OPTION: c | i*c*e
+ANSWER: c
+
+TEMPLATE: apostro*ph*e
+OPTION: a | *p*ay
+OPTION: b | *f*ree
+OPTION: c | *v*ery
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: des*s*ert
+OPTION: a | pa*ss*
+OPTION: b | *sh*ine
+OPTION: c | no*s*e
+ANSWER: c
+
+TEMPLATE: refri*g*erator
+OPTION: a | do*g*
+OPTION: b | pa*ge*
+OPTION: c | lau*gh*
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: direc*tion*
+OPTION: a | chan*ge*
+OPTION: b | *sh*op
+OPTION: c | *t*ime
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: look*ed*
+OPTION: a | want*ed*
+OPTION: b | chang*ed*
+OPTION: c | laugh*ed*
+ANSWER: c
+
+TEMPLATE: *kn*ife
+OPTION: a | *k*eep
+OPTION: b | *n*ew
+OPTION: c | *g*un
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: new*s*
+OPTION: a | nie*c*e
+OPTION: b | lo*s*e
+OPTION: c | *sh*op
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: gymna*s*ium
+OPTION: a | rai*s*e
+OPTION: b | pa*ss*
+OPTION: c | *sh*op
+ANSWER: a
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index 00000000..1749d639
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index 00000000..9282181c
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index 00000000..68efcd52
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index 00000000..01cda57b
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index 00000000..0e416de2
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index 00000000..3b00d29e
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index 00000000..a95c5b46
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index 00000000..a8f5bf70
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index 00000000..f186b4f8
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index 00000000..2add55ba
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index 00000000..c47844a1
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+$MODULE Book 12 · Lesson 5: Review — Conjunctions, Reported Speech, and the Present Perfect {st-page_131_001.jpg}
+FORMAT: 2
+DESCRIPTION: Review lesson (no new material): combining sentences with so/but/and/or, reported speech, if-sentences, still/already/yet/anymore, -ed/-ing adjectives, comparatives, the present perfect, and the week's vocabulary.
+TARGET_LANG_G: en
+HOME_LANG_G: en
+VOICE_DEFAULT: aoede | Clear, friendly American English narrator
+VOICE_INTRO: aoede | Speak like a warm, slightly wry teacher
+VOICE_PROMPT: gacrux | Questions and cues, read clearly
+VOICE_RESPONSE: schedar | Model answers, warm and clear
+VOICE: Tom | achernar | Male speaker
+VOICE: Hal | achird | Male speaker
+VOICE: Don | achernar | Male speaker
+VOICE: Joe | achird | Male speaker
+VOICE: George | achird | Male speaker
+VOICE: Monty | achernar | Male speaker
+VOICE: Dave | achernar | Male speaker
+VOICE: Mark | achird | Male speaker
+VOICE: ID | achernar | speaker (auto)
+VOICE: Narrator | achird | speaker (auto)
+
+$LESSON 5-1: Combining Sentences, Reporting Speech, and If
+
+# Source: ST §So, But, And, Or (l5-s1)
+$PRODUCE So, But, And, Or
+ID: l5-s1
+INTRO: This is review week — no new grammar, just everything from the last four lessons back for a second look. First, you'll read pairs of sentences and combine each pair into one sentence aloud, using or, and, but, or so.
+INSTRUCTION: Combine the sentences aloud. Use or, and, but, or so.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+SHOW_PROMPT
+RUBRIC: Accept a correctly combined sentence using one of the given conjunctions (so, but, and, or) that makes logical sense.
+
+PROMPT: Mark could charge the shirt. He could pay cash for it.
+RESPONSE: Mark could charge the shirt, or he could pay cash for it.
+
+PROMPT: Helen wanted to visit her family. She had to leave before she could see them.
+RESPONSE: Helen wanted to visit her family, but she had to leave before she could see them.
+
+PROMPT: Kathy wanted to get her bachelor's degree. She went back to college.
+RESPONSE: Kathy wanted to get her bachelor's degree, so she went back to college.
+
+PROMPT: The problem was confusing. They discussed it.
+RESPONSE: The problem was confusing, so they discussed it.
+
+PROMPT: He likes working with young children. He likes teaching them.
+RESPONSE: He likes working with young children, and he likes teaching them.
+
+PROMPT: Herb listened to the discussion. He didn't change his mind.
+RESPONSE: Herb listened to the discussion, but he didn't change his mind.
+
+PROMPT: You can order soup if you like. You can order a sandwich.
+RESPONSE: You can order soup if you like, or you can order a sandwich.
+
+PROMPT: Jan studied at the university. She worked in a restaurant.
+RESPONSE: Jan studied at the university, and she worked in a restaurant.
+
+# Source: ST §What Did He Say? (l5-s2)
+$PRODUCE What Did He Say?
+ID: l5-s2
+INTRO: Now reported speech. You'll read a short exchange, then tell me what the second speaker said — "He said that..." Remember to change the pronouns; the speakers won't do it for you.
+INSTRUCTION: Read the dialog and answer the question aloud using indirect speech.
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+SHOW_PROMPT
+RUBRIC: Accept a grammatically correct indirect speech sentence reporting what the second speaker said (e.g., "Ben said that they have a two-car garage.").
+
+TEMPLATE: Al: Do the Dales have a garage?
+TEMPLATE: Ben: Yes. They have a two-car garage.
+PROMPT: What did Ben say?
+RESPONSE: Ben said that they have a two-car garage.
+
+TEMPLATE: Cal: Do they want to enlarge their whole house?
+TEMPLATE: Dan: No, they just want to add on a den and a patio.
+PROMPT: What did Dan say?
+RESPONSE: Dan said that they just want to add on a den and a patio.
+
+TEMPLATE: Eldon: Do they have a fireplace?
+TEMPLATE: Jerry: Yes, they have two fireplaces.
+PROMPT: What did Jerry say?
+RESPONSE: Jerry said that they have two fireplaces.
+
+TEMPLATE: Frank: Is your dining room large enough for all of your family?
+TEMPLATE: George: No, some of us sit in the kitchen.
+PROMPT: What did George say?
+RESPONSE: George said that some of them sit in the kitchen.
+
+TEMPLATE: Herb: Can you heat that in the oven?
+TEMPLATE: Brad: Yes, but the microwave is faster.
+PROMPT: What did Brad say?
+RESPONSE: Brad said that the microwave is faster.
+
+TEMPLATE: Jean: Do you collect records or cassettes?
+TEMPLATE: Jim: I collect records to play on my stereo.
+PROMPT: What did Jim say?
+RESPONSE: Jim said that he collects records to play on his stereo.
+
+TEMPLATE: Keith: Where are the bedrooms?
+TEMPLATE: Nicky: The bedrooms are upstairs.
+PROMPT: What did Nicky say?
+RESPONSE: Nicky said that the bedrooms are upstairs.
+
+TEMPLATE: Sam: Do you like to have get-togethers at your house?
+TEMPLATE: Rick: Yes, I do.
+PROMPT: What did Rick say?
+RESPONSE: Rick said that he likes to have get-togethers at his house.
+
+# Source: ST §Match the Phrases (l5-s3)
+$SELECT Match the Phrases
+ID: l5-s3
+INTRO: Two friends are talking about some truly terrible weather. Complete each line of their conversation by tapping the phrase that finishes it — every sentence here uses "if".
+INSTRUCTION: Tap the matching phrase to complete the sentence.
+OPTION: a | you should leave soon.
+OPTION: b | close the roads if it gets too bad.
+OPTION: c | if that happens?
+OPTION: d | if it clears up.
+OPTION: e | I'll stop until it clears up.
+OPTION: f | it'll be dangerous to drive.
+
+TEMPLATE: If this rain freezes,
+ANSWER: f
+
+TEMPLATE: Well, if they do that,
+ANSWER: e
+
+TEMPLATE: The weather's terrible. If you're leaving,
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: What'll you do
+ANSWER: c
+
+TEMPLATE: I expect to leave at noon
+ANSWER: d
+
+TEMPLATE: Yes, but the police will
+ANSWER: b
+
+# Source: ST §Put the Dialog in Order (l5-s4)
+$SELECT Put the Dialog in Order
+ID: l5-s4
+ORDER
+INTRO: Same rainy conversation, one more pass: now arrange the whole dialog in order, from the first line to the last.
+INSTRUCTION: Put the dialog in order.
+
+TEMPLATE: Arrange the sentences to make a dialog.
+OPTION: a | The weather's terrible. If you're leaving, you should leave soon.
+OPTION: b | I expect to leave at noon if it clears up.
+OPTION: c | If this rain freezes, it'll be dangerous to drive.
+OPTION: d | Yes, but the police will close the roads if it gets too bad.
+OPTION: e | What'll you do if that happens?
+OPTION: f | Well, if they do that, I'll stop until it clears up.
+ANSWER: a,b,c,d,e,f
+
+# Source: ST §May Be, Is Not, Is (l5-s5) — recast from an awkward typed fill into True/False meaning checks
+$SELECT What Does "Suppose" Mean?
+ID: l5-s5
+INTRO: A quick meaning check on the word "suppose". Decide whether each statement about it is true or false.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap True or False.
+OPTION: t | True
+OPTION: f | False
+
+TEMPLATE: "I *suppose* that they are happy" means the speaker *knows* they are happy.
+ANSWER: f
+
+TEMPLATE: "I *suppose* that they are happy" means the speaker *thinks* they are happy.
+ANSWER: t
+
+TEMPLATE: A speaker who says "I *suppose* they are happy" is completely sure about it.
+ANSWER: f
+
+TEMPLATE: "I suppose" can also show that the subject is not very important to the speaker.
+ANSWER: t
+
+# SKIPPED (book): "HAT HAT BAT" — instructor-read sound discrimination with only a bare a/b/c answer grid; no printed stimuli. Convertible later with chosen items + TTS.
+# SKIPPED (book): "TRAVEL" — passage annotation (underline the important words); not supported.
+# SKIPPED (book): "WHAT ABOUT YOU?" — open, co-constructed pair task (ask your neighbor); no solo path.
+
+# Source: ST §What Did He Decide? (l5-s6)
+$DIALOGUE What Did He Decide?
+ID: l5-s6
+INTRO: Two conversations about decisions — a new job in Dallas, and a vacation that keeps changing. Joe changes his mind so often his friends have stopped keeping track. Just listen and read.
+INSTRUCTION: Read the dialogs.
+
+Tom: What did Joe decide to do about the job offers?
+Hal: He decided to take the one in Dallas.
+Tom: Instead of the one in Houston? Why did he do that?
+Hal: The pay is good, and he wants to take some courses at the university there.
+Tom: When does he plan to leave?
+Hal: Sometime next month.
+Tom: Is he going by plane?
+Hal: No, he's going to drive.
+
+Narrator: Now a second conversation — about a vacation.
+
+Don: What are you going to do for your vacation next month?
+Joe: I've decided to go to the mountains.
+Don: I thought you decided to go to the beach?
+Joe: I changed my mind.
+Don: Why? What made you change your mind?
+Joe: It's too hot on the beach, and I like winter sports.
+Don: Is your mind made up this time?
+Joe: Yes. I've thought it over, and I've made my choice.
+
+# Source: ST §So? Or? (l5-s7)
+$PRODUCE So? Or?
+ID: l5-s7
+INTRO: More sentence combining, this time with just "so" and "or" — result, or choice. Say each combined sentence aloud.
+INSTRUCTION: Combine the two sentences aloud. Use "so" or "or".
+INPUT: speak
+CHECK: llm
+SHOW_PROMPT
+RUBRIC: Accept a correctly combined sentence using "so" or "or".
+
+PROMPT: Ted refused the offer. He didn't go to work at the college.
+RESPONSE: Ted refused the offer, so he didn't go to work at the college.
+
+PROMPT: Mark could keep on working. He could retire.
+RESPONSE: Mark could keep on working, or he could retire.
+
+PROMPT: Joan accepted the decision. Her father felt better.
+RESPONSE: Joan accepted the decision, so her father felt better.
+
+PROMPT: They offered Hal a choice. He thought it over.
+RESPONSE: They offered Hal a choice, so he thought it over.
+
+PROMPT: You can get a degree in education at the university. There is a degree in another profession.
+RESPONSE: You can get a degree in education at the university, or there is a degree in another profession.
+
+PROMPT: They'll go to high school. They'll go to technical school.
+RESPONSE: They'll go to high school, or they'll go to technical school.
+
+PROMPT: Fred made up his mind to get a diploma. He went back to high school.
+RESPONSE: Fred made up his mind to get a diploma, so he went back to high school.
+
+PROMPT: Madge could take the mathematics course. She could take the language course.
+RESPONSE: Madge could take the mathematics course, or she could take the language course.
+
+$LESSON 5-2: Still, Anymore, and Word Meanings
+
+# Source: ST §Already or Yet? (l5-s8)
+$PRODUCE Already or Yet?
+ID: l5-s8
+INTRO: In this part you'll review small words with big jobs — still, already, yet, anymore — then word endings and word meanings. Start by typing the missing word in each sentence.
+INSTRUCTION: Complete the sentences with already, yet, still, anymore, or any longer.
+INPUT: type
+CHECK: exact
+
+TEMPLATE: Does Herb ____{still} come to see her?
+RESPONSE: Does Herb still come to see her?
+
+TEMPLATE: He doesn't work at that restaurant ____{anymore|any longer}.
+RESPONSE: He doesn't work at that restaurant anymore.
+
+TEMPLATE: Has Sally ____{already} gotten her degree?
+RESPONSE: Has Sally already gotten her degree?
+
+TEMPLATE: Have the Britts moved to New York ____{yet}?
+RESPONSE: Have the Britts moved to New York yet?
+
+TEMPLATE: John doesn't live here ____{anymore|any longer}.
+RESPONSE: John doesn't live here anymore.
+
+TEMPLATE: Mary ____{still} doesn't have her degree.
+RESPONSE: Mary still doesn't have her degree.
+
+TEMPLATE: Has Fred made up his mind about a career ____{yet}?
+RESPONSE: Has Fred made up his mind about a career yet?
+
+TEMPLATE: Jane ____{already} knows what she wants to do.
+RESPONSE: Jane already knows what she wants to do.
+
+TEMPLATE: She didn't want to discuss it ____{anymore|any longer}.
+RESPONSE: She didn't want to discuss it anymore.
+
+TEMPLATE: We never see him ____{anymore|any longer}.
+RESPONSE: We never see him anymore.
+
+# SKIPPED (book): "SPRING IN TEXAS" — passage annotation and instructor-read questions with no printed stimuli.
+
+# Source: ST §Confused or Confusing? (l5-s9)
+$SELECT Confused or Confusing?
+ID: l5-s9
+INTRO: Confused or confusing? Remember: the -ed form tells how someone feels, and the -ing form tells what causes the feeling. Tap the right word for each sentence.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct word to complete the sentence.
+
+TEMPLATE: The builder was ____ by the plans.
+OPTION: a | confusing
+OPTION: b | confused
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: They were ____ in the plans for the get-together.
+OPTION: a | interesting
+OPTION: b | interested
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: Edith was ____ about her idea for the meeting.
+OPTION: a | exciting
+OPTION: b | excited
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: The music on the stereo was ____.
+OPTION: a | boring
+OPTION: b | bored
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: The ____ child wanted the light on while he slept.
+OPTION: a | frightening
+OPTION: b | frightened
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: The exercises were ____.
+OPTION: a | tiring
+OPTION: b | tired
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: They found the solution to the problem ____.
+OPTION: a | confusing
+OPTION: b | confused
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: Marge found living in the suburbs ____.
+OPTION: a | exciting
+OPTION: b | excited
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: The storm was ____.
+OPTION: a | frightening
+OPTION: b | frightened
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: The language cassettes were ____.
+OPTION: a | interesting
+OPTION: b | interested
+ANSWER: a
+
+# Source: ST §What Does That Mean? (l5-s10)
+$SELECT What Does That Mean?
+ID: l5-s10
+INTRO: Now some vocabulary from the week. Read each sentence and tap the meaning of the underlined word or phrase.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap the meaning of the underlined word.
+
+TEMPLATE: Mark is *certain* he wants to go to that university. He has made up his mind.
+OPTION: a | cautious
+OPTION: b | not sure
+OPTION: c | sure
+ANSWER: c
+
+TEMPLATE: Helen woke at 6:00 when the alarm clock rang, but she didn't *get up* until 6:30.
+OPTION: a | stopped drawing
+OPTION: b | stopped sleeping
+OPTION: c | stopped reading
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: Hank *owes* a lot of money to the bank for his new car.
+OPTION: a | has to count
+OPTION: b | has to lend
+OPTION: c | has to pay
+ANSWER: c
+
+TEMPLATE: The Youngs have *paid back* the money to the bank. They don't have to give the bank any more money.
+OPTION: a | given back
+OPTION: b | borrowed back
+OPTION: c | asked for
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: Madge is *fond of* children and enjoys having them visit her.
+OPTION: a | likes
+OPTION: b | works with
+OPTION: c | has
+ANSWER: a
+
+# SKIPPED (book): "A SUMMARY" — paragraph composition (write a summary) is deferred.
+
+# Source: ST §She Could Be at the Library (l5-s12)
+$DIALOGUE She Could Be at the Library
+ID: l5-s12
+INTRO: Two more conversations, full of "could be" and "may be" — nobody in them is sure of anything, which is exactly the point. Just listen and read.
+INSTRUCTION: Read the dialogs.
+
+George: Where is Jean? We planned to get together and study tonight.
+Monty: She could be in the barracks. I saw her there a few minutes ago.
+George: I've already been there. Where else could she be?
+Monty: She has a test tomorrow, so she may be at the library.
+George: Which one? The base library or the school library?
+Monty: I'm not sure. She uses both.
+George: Thanks. I'll have to try them both.
+Monty: Good luck!
+
+Narrator: Now a second conversation — about a car with problems.
+
+Dave: John called. He said he'd be late. He's having car trouble. What do you think is the matter with his car?
+Mark: It could be anything. His car is very old.
+Dave: Yes, it is. It could be the tires. They seemed low yesterday.
+Mark: Or it may be the motor. It really sounded noisy. He might just need a tune-up.
+Dave: Perhaps it's the lights. They weren't working right last night. He may have stopped to get them fixed.
+Mark: Like I said, when a car's that old, it could be anything.
+
+# Source: ST §Who Arrived Earlier? (l5-s13)
+$PRODUCE Who Arrived Earlier?
+ID: l5-s13
+INTRO: Comparing with adverbs: who arrived earlier, who drives faster. Read the facts, then type the comparison using the word in parentheses.
+INSTRUCTION: Complete the sentences using the -er comparative form of the adverb.
+INPUT: type
+CHECK: exact
+
+TEMPLATE: John arrived at 0800. Bob arrived at 0900. (early)
+TEMPLATE: John arrived ____{earlier than Bob}.
+RESPONSE: John arrived earlier than Bob.
+ACCEPT: earlier | earlier than Bob
+
+TEMPLATE: Bill always drives at 55 mph. Lynn drives at 60 mph. (fast)
+TEMPLATE: Lynn drives ____{faster than Bill}.
+RESPONSE: Lynn drives faster than Bill.
+ACCEPT: faster | faster than Bill
+
+TEMPLATE: Sam traveled 200 miles to hunt deer. Fred traveled 150 miles. (far)
+TEMPLATE: Sam traveled ____{farther than Fred}.
+RESPONSE: Sam traveled farther than Fred.
+ACCEPT: farther | farther than Fred
+
+TEMPLATE: The Smiths arrived at the party before the Johnsons. (soon)
+TEMPLATE: The Smiths arrived at the party ____{sooner than the Johnsons}.
+RESPONSE: The Smiths arrived at the party sooner than the Johnsons.
+ACCEPT: sooner | sooner than the Johnsons
+
+TEMPLATE: Frank can repair four flat tires in an hour. Bill can repair only two. (slow)
+TEMPLATE: Bill works ____{slower than Frank|more slowly than Frank}.
+RESPONSE: Bill works more slowly than Frank.
+ACCEPT: slower | more slowly | slower than Frank | more slowly than Frank
+
+$LESSON 5-3: The Present Perfect, Vocabulary, and Sounds
+
+# Source: ST §How Long...? (l5-s14)
+$SELECT How Long...?
+ID: l5-s14
+INTRO: Last part: the present perfect — have done, have eaten, have flown — plus the week's vocabulary and a few sound checks to finish. Tap the correct form to complete each sentence.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct answer to complete the sentence.
+
+TEMPLATE: How long have you lived there?
+OPTION: a | I've lived there for a year.
+OPTION: b | I live there for a year.
+OPTION: c | I living there for a year.
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: They have ____ the house they want to buy.
+OPTION: a | chose
+OPTION: b | chosen
+OPTION: c | choose
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: Mel hasn't ____ in that restaurant for years.
+OPTION: a | ate
+OPTION: b | eat
+OPTION: c | eaten
+ANSWER: c
+
+TEMPLATE: The major has ____ planes since 1986.
+OPTION: a | flown
+OPTION: b | flew
+OPTION: c | fly
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: Have you ____ Jim for a very long time?
+OPTION: a | known
+OPTION: b | know
+OPTION: c | knew
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: How often has Sam ____ after work?
+OPTION: a | remain
+OPTION: b | stay
+OPTION: c | remained
+ANSWER: c
+
+TEMPLATE: How long has it been ____?
+OPTION: a | for you seeing Nell
+OPTION: b | since you've seen Nell
+OPTION: c | you see Nell
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: We have ____ them for weeks:
+OPTION: a | expecting
+OPTION: b | expected
+OPTION: c | expect
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: Jim and Jane haven't ____ to a movie in weeks.
+OPTION: a | go
+OPTION: b | see
+OPTION: c | been
+ANSWER: c
+
+TEMPLATE: She has ____ him every week for a year.
+OPTION: a | written
+OPTION: b | write
+OPTION: c | wrote
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: The plane is flying too ____. It's not high enough.
+OPTION: a | quiet
+OPTION: b | low
+OPTION: c | deep
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: Clay moved into his ____ apartment yesterday.
+OPTION: a | own
+OPTION: b | just
+OPTION: c | calm
+ANSWER: a
+
+# Source: ST §Words to Use (l5-s15)
+$GRAMMAR Words to Use
+ID: l5-s15
+INTRO: Here are the review words for this lesson, all in one box. Tap any word to hear it — you'll use them in the next activity, so keep them handy.
+
+| | | | |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| {be over} | {ever} | {lasted} | {sea} |
+| {unpleasant} | {calm} | {except} | {no longer} |
+| {slipped} | {climate} | {expects to} | {none} |
+| {take} | {could use} | {if} | {quiet} |
+| {thought} | {deep} | {instead} | {remain} |
+| {turn down} | | | |
+
+# Source: ST §Wants To, Expects To (l5-s16)
+$PRODUCE Wants To, Expects To
+ID: l5-s16
+REFERENCE
+INTRO: Complete each sentence with a word or phrase from the box. This one is open-book — the word box stays a tap away, so use it whenever you're stuck.
+INSTRUCTION: Type the missing word or phrase from the list.
+INPUT: type
+CHECK: exact
+
+TEMPLATE: Linda wants to ____{remain} in Spain until spring.
+RESPONSE: Linda wants to remain in Spain until spring.
+
+TEMPLATE: The movie ____{lasted} more than three hours.
+RESPONSE: The movie lasted more than three hours.
+
+TEMPLATE: Pete ____{slipped} on the icy road and fell.
+RESPONSE: Pete slipped on the icy road and fell.
+
+TEMPLATE: Mr. Sparks ____{expects to} travel to Egypt next year.
+RESPONSE: Mr. Sparks expects to travel to Egypt next year.
+
+TEMPLATE: ____{None} of those books are his. He doesn't have any books.
+RESPONSE: None of those books are his. He doesn't have any books.
+
+TEMPLATE: The rain last night caused the heat to be ____{unpleasant}.
+RESPONSE: The rain last night caused the heat to be unpleasant.
+
+TEMPLATE: Everybody is here ____{except} Mary. She's sick.
+RESPONSE: Everybody is here except Mary. She's sick.
+
+TEMPLATE: He doesn't ____{ever} go to the movies.
+RESPONSE: He doesn't ever go to the movies.
+
+TEMPLATE: It's too hot to go fishing. I'll stay indoors ____{instead}.
+RESPONSE: It's too hot to go fishing. I'll stay indoors instead.
+
+TEMPLATE: Ron will ____{turn down} the job offer. He doesn't want it.
+RESPONSE: Ron will turn down the job offer. He doesn't want it.
+
+TEMPLATE: The water is ____{deep} and dangerous in that place.
+RESPONSE: The water is deep and dangerous in that place.
+
+TEMPLATE: ____{If} I have to take my vacation in the winter, I'll go to the mountains.
+RESPONSE: If I have to take my vacation in the winter, I'll go to the mountains.
+
+TEMPLATE: The weather of a place is its ____{climate}.
+RESPONSE: The weather of a place is its climate.
+
+TEMPLATE: Next year, I want to ____{take} some courses at the college.
+RESPONSE: Next year, I want to take some courses at the college.
+
+TEMPLATE: My aunt ____{no longer} lives in New York. She lives here now.
+RESPONSE: My aunt no longer lives in New York. She lives here now.
+
+TEMPLATE: A ____{sea} is full of salty water.
+RESPONSE: A sea is full of salty water.
+
+TEMPLATE: When will the show ____{be over}? I want to go home soon.
+RESPONSE: When will the show be over? I want to go home soon.
+
+TEMPLATE: Betty likes being at the beach because it is ____{calm} and ____{quiet}.
+RESPONSE: Betty likes being at the beach because it is calm and quiet.
+
+TEMPLATE: A long vacation is a nice ____{thought} right now.
+RESPONSE: A long vacation is a nice thought right now.
+
+TEMPLATE: We ____{could use} some help.
+RESPONSE: We could use some help.
+
+# SKIPPED (book): "Write the words these letters make." — letter anagrams (crossword/word-search family).
+
+# Source: ST §What Does It Sound Like? (l5-s11) — moved to the end of the module (skills strand floats)
+$SELECT What Does It Sound Like?
+ID: l5-s11
+INTRO: One last check — sounds, not spellings. Tap the word that has the same sound as the underlined part. That's the end of this book's review — well done.
+INSTRUCTION: Tap the word that has the same sound as the underlined part.
+
+TEMPLATE: a*pos*trophe
+OPTION: a | f*oo*t
+OPTION: b | p*en*cil
+OPTION: c | h*ea*d
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: a*gen*t
+OPTION: a | h*igh*
+OPTION: b | j*um*p
+OPTION: c | g*oo*d
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: back*ed*
+OPTION: a | d*i*d
+OPTION: b | t*a*ke
+OPTION: c | want*ed*
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: ea*sy*
+OPTION: a | no*se*
+OPTION: b | sh*ow*
+OPTION: c | pa*ss*
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: *wr*ite
+OPTION: a | *r*ed
+OPTION: b | *w*et
+OPTION: c | *wh*en
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: trou*se*rs
+OPTION: a | *s*un
+OPTION: b | no*se*
+OPTION: c | sh*ow*
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: pri*ce*
+OPTION: a | pa*ss*
+OPTION: b | sh*ow*
+OPTION: c | ca*re*
+ANSWER: a
+
+TEMPLATE: blou*se*
+OPTION: a | toe*s*
+OPTION: b | pa*ss*
+OPTION: c | sh*ow*
+ANSWER: b
+
+TEMPLATE: exami*na*tion
+OPTION: a | t*i*me
+OPTION: b | sh*ow*
+OPTION: c | ch*il*d
+ANSWER: b
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