$MODULE Book 10 · Lesson 4: How Far Is It? — Families, Jobs, Weather, and Travel {st-page_129_001.jpg|A military officer talking to a boy sitting at a desk with an open book}
FORMAT: 2
DIOCO_DOC_ID: alc_book10_lesson4
DESCRIPTION: Family and relatives, occupations, "be able to", connective words, weather and time with "it", distances and travel, reading materials, and everyday small talk.
TARGET_LANG_G: en
HOME_LANG_G: en
VOICE_DEFAULT: aoede | Clear, friendly American English narrator
VOICE_PROMPT: gacrux | Questions and cues, read clearly
VOICE_RESPONSE: schedar | Model answers, warm and clear
VOICE: Bruce | achird | Male teacher
VOICE: Ben | schedar | Male coin collector
VOICE: Sam | achird | Male traveler
VOICE: Jan | aoede | Female friend
VOICE: Peggy | gacrux | Female shopper
VOICE: Liz | aoede | Female friend
VOICE: Dale | iapetus | Male student
VOICE: Erin | achernar | Female student
VOICE: SpeakerA | schedar | Male speaker
VOICE: SpeakerB | aoede | Female speaker
VOICE: Narrator | achernar | speaker (auto)

$SESSION 4-1: Family and Relatives

# Source: LLA 4A Figure 1
$DIALOGUE Me and My Folks
ID: 10-4a-f1
INTRO: In this lesson you'll learn to talk about your family and your job, say what the weather and the time are, and ask how far away places are. First, someone shows you nine family pictures — grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, and two very new babies. Just listen and get to know the family.
INSTRUCTION: Listen to the story.

VOCAB: grandfather
VOCAB: grandmother
LINE: Grandfather Jones is in Picture 1, and Grandmother Jones is in Picture 2. {page_075_001.jpg|Portrait of an elderly man with glasses and a mustache} {bk10-l4a-f1-01.mp3}

VOCAB: parents
LINE: They are my mother's parents. {page_075_002.jpg|Portrait of an elderly woman with short curly hair} {bk10-l4a-f1-02.mp3}

VOCAB: grandparents
LINE: They're my grandparents on my mother's side of the family. {page_075_002.jpg|Portrait of an elderly woman with short curly hair} {bk10-l4a-f1-03.mp3}

LINE: I see these grandparents often because we live in the same city. {bk10-l4a-f1-04.mp3}

LINE: Grandfather doesn't work anymore. He and Grandmother like to take trips very often. {bk10-l4a-f1-05.mp3}

LINE: Picture 3 shows my grandparents on my father's side. {page_075_003.jpg|Portrait of an older man and older woman together} {bk10-l4a-f1-06.mp3}

LINE: Don and Lita Garcia are my father's parents. {page_075_003.jpg|Portrait of an older man and older woman together} {bk10-l4a-f1-07.mp3}

LINE: They don't live in this city; they live in New Mexico. It's far from here. {page_075_003.jpg|Portrait of an older man and older woman together} {bk10-l4a-f1-08.mp3}

LINE: I only see them 1 or 2 times a year. {page_075_003.jpg|Portrait of an older man and older woman together} {bk10-l4a-f1-09.mp3}

LINE: Then, in Picture 4, are my mother and father. This is an old picture. {page_075_004.jpg|Portrait of a family consisting of a father, mother, young boy, and baby} {bk10-l4a-f1-10.mp3}

LINE: There is a very young child in the picture with my mother and father. {page_075_004.jpg|Portrait of a family consisting of a father, mother, young boy, and baby} {bk10-l4a-f1-11.mp3}

VOCAB: baby
LINE: My mother has a baby in her arms. That baby is me. {page_075_004.jpg|Portrait of a family consisting of a father, mother, young boy, and baby} {bk10-l4a-f1-12.mp3}

LINE: I was a 10-month-old baby. That was a long time ago. {page_075_004.jpg|Portrait of a family consisting of a father, mother, young boy, and baby} {bk10-l4a-f1-13.mp3}

LINE: The little boy in the picture next to my father is my brother Frank. He was 3 years old in the picture. {page_075_004.jpg|Portrait of a family consisting of a father, mother, young boy, and baby} {bk10-l4a-f1-14.mp3}

VOCAB: aunt
LINE: First, in Pictures 5 and 6 are my mother's sisters, my aunts: Aunt Mary and Aunt June. {page_076_001.jpg|Portrait of a young woman with short curly hair} {bk10-l4a-f1-15.mp3}

VOCAB: single
LINE: Picture 5 is a picture of Aunt Mary when she was single before she got married. {page_076_001.jpg|Portrait of a young woman with short curly hair} {bk10-l4a-f1-16.mp3}

VOCAB: married
LINE: Next to Aunt Mary is a picture of Aunt June. Aunt June never married. She's single. {page_076_002.jpg|Portrait of a young woman with long dark wavy hair} {bk10-l4a-f1-17.mp3}

LINE: She lives alone in a small town not very far from here. {page_076_002.jpg|Portrait of a young woman with long dark wavy hair} {bk10-l4a-f1-18.mp3}

VOCAB: uncle
LINE: Next to Aunt June in Picture 7 is Uncle Jerry. Uncle Jerry is my father's brother. {page_076_003.jpg|Portrait of a man with dark hair and glasses in a suit} {bk10-l4a-f1-19.mp3}

LINE: Uncle Jerry lives in New Mexico also, but he comes to visit us often. {page_076_003.jpg|Portrait of a man with dark hair and glasses in a suit} {bk10-l4a-f1-20.mp3}

LINE: My father has a sister too, but I don't have her picture. Her name is Jean. She's my Aunt Jean. {bk10-l4a-f1-21.mp3}

VOCAB: marriage
LINE: Picture 8 shows Aunt Mary after she got married. It's a picture of her family. My Aunt Mary has a very happy marriage. {page_076_004.jpg|Group portrait of a family with a mother, father, boy, and girl} {bk10-l4a-f1-22.mp3}

VOCAB: cousin
LINE: In the picture with her is her husband, Uncle Ben, and her children, Meg and Rob, my cousins. {page_076_004.jpg|Group portrait of a family with a mother, father, boy, and girl} {bk10-l4a-f1-23.mp3}

LINE: Aunt Mary and her family live here in town. My cousins and I went to the same schools when we were growing up. {page_076_004.jpg|Group portrait of a family with a mother, father, boy, and girl} {bk10-l4a-f1-24.mp3}

VOCAB: relatives
LINE: It's nice to have your relatives in the same city. {page_076_004.jpg|Group portrait of a family with a mother, father, boy, and girl} {bk10-l4a-f1-25.mp3}

VOCAB: niece
VOCAB: nephew
LINE: And finally, in Picture 9 are my brother Frank's children. They are my newest and youngest relatives: my niece Jane and my nephew Jack. {page_076_005.jpg|A young girl sitting next to an infant baby} {bk10-l4a-f1-26.mp3}

LINE: My niece is 2 and a half years old. My nephew is a 4-month-old baby. They're the babies of the family. {page_076_005.jpg|A young girl sitting next to an infant baby} {bk10-l4a-f1-27.mp3}

VOCAB: folks
LINE: I hope you enjoyed my pictures. I like to look at them and think of my folks. {bk10-l4a-f1-28.mp3}

# Source: LLA 4A Figure 2
$SELECT Who's Who in the Family?
ID: 10-4a-f2
INTRO: Now check that you know who's who. Listen to each question about family relationships, tap the correct answer, then repeat the model statement.
INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct answer.
REPEAT

PROMPT: Who's my father's father? {bk10-l4a-f2-01.mp3}
OPTION: a | my grandfather
OPTION: b | my grandmother
OPTION: c | my uncle
ANSWER: a
FEEDBACK: My father's father is my grandfather. {bk10-l4a-f2-01-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Who's my father's mother? {bk10-l4a-f2-02.mp3}
OPTION: a | my aunt
OPTION: b | my grandmother
OPTION: c | my cousin
ANSWER: b
FEEDBACK: My father's mother is my grandmother. {bk10-l4a-f2-02-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: What do we call a very young child? {bk10-l4a-f2-03.mp3}
OPTION: a | a cousin
OPTION: b | a nephew
OPTION: c | a baby
ANSWER: c
FEEDBACK: A very young child is called a baby. {bk10-l4a-f2-03-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Who are my mother's sisters? {bk10-l4a-f2-04.mp3}
OPTION: a | my uncles
OPTION: b | my cousins
OPTION: c | my aunts
ANSWER: c
FEEDBACK: My mother's sisters are my aunts. {bk10-l4a-f2-04-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Who's my father's brother? {bk10-l4a-f2-05.mp3}
OPTION: a | my uncle
OPTION: b | my cousins
OPTION: c | my aunt
ANSWER: a
FEEDBACK: My father's brother is my uncle. {bk10-l4a-f2-05-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Who are my aunt's children? {bk10-l4a-f2-06.mp3}
OPTION: a | my nephews
OPTION: b | my cousins
OPTION: c | my aunts
ANSWER: b
FEEDBACK: My aunt's children are my cousins. {bk10-l4a-f2-06-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Who's my brother's son? {bk10-l4a-f2-07.mp3}
OPTION: a | my cousin
OPTION: b | my nephew
OPTION: c | my niece
ANSWER: b
FEEDBACK: My brother's son is my nephew. {bk10-l4a-f2-07-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Who's my brother's daughter? {bk10-l4a-f2-08.mp3}
OPTION: a | my cousin
OPTION: b | my nephew
OPTION: c | my niece
ANSWER: c
FEEDBACK: My brother's daughter is my niece. {bk10-l4a-f2-08-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: When a woman has a husband, what do we call her? {bk10-l4a-f2-09.mp3}
OPTION: a | a single woman
OPTION: b | a married woman
OPTION: c | an old woman
ANSWER: b
FEEDBACK: A woman with a husband is called a married woman. {bk10-l4a-f2-09-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: What do we call a man without a wife? {bk10-l4a-f2-10.mp3}
OPTION: a | a single man
OPTION: b | a married man
OPTION: c | an old man
ANSWER: a
FEEDBACK: A man without a wife is a single man. {bk10-l4a-f2-10-fb.mp3}

# Source: ST §A Family Tree (lines lightly edited; a few connecting lines added so the follow-up questions are answerable without the printed tree diagram)
$DIALOGUE A Family Tree
ID: l4-s1
INTRO: A second family — the Wrights, the Smiths, and the Clydes. Three families, one tree, and yes, two people named Matt. Listen and repeat, and keep track of who belongs to whom.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat the sentences about the family tree.
REPEAT

LINE: Paul Wright is Julie's grandfather. He's her father's father. {st-page_131_001.jpg|Portrait of Paul Wright}
LINE: Paul and his wife Bertha are Julie's grandparents on her father's side.

LINE: Rita Smith is Julie's grandmother on her mother's side of the family. {st-page_131_004.jpg|Portrait of Rita Smith}
LINE: Kenneth and Rita Smith are Julie's grandparents on her mother's side. {st-page_131_003.jpg|Portrait of Kenneth Smith}
LINE: Jane, Kathleen, and Rick are Kenneth and Rita Smith's children.

LINE: Frank and Jane Wright are Julie and Kevin Wright's parents.
LINE: Kathleen and Matt Clyde are Mark's parents. {st-page_131_010.jpg|Portrait of Kathleen Clyde}

LINE: Frank Wright and Rick Smith are Mark's uncles. {st-page_131_007.jpg|Portrait of Frank Wright}
LINE: Jane Wright is Mark's aunt. {st-page_131_008.jpg|Portrait of Jane Wright}
LINE: Kathleen Clyde is Julie's aunt, and Rick Smith and Matt Clyde are Julie's uncles.

LINE: Mark is Frank Wright's nephew. {st-page_131_014.jpg|Portrait of Mark Clyde}
LINE: Janet is Frank Wright's niece. {st-page_131_016.jpg|Portrait of Janet Clyde}

LINE: The Wright children and the Clyde children are cousins. {st-page_131_012.jpg|Portrait of Kevin Wright}

LINE: Mark and Janet have a baby brother. Little Matt is ten months old. {st-page_131_015.jpg|Portrait of Little Matt Clyde}

LINE: Frank Wright has a wife. He is married to Jane Smith.

LINE: Rick Smith is single. He's not married. {st-page_131_009.jpg|Portrait of Rick Smith}

VOCAB: to marry
VOCAB: to get married
LINE: Julie Wright's going to marry George White. She'll get married in June. {st-page_131_013.jpg|Portrait of Julie Wright}

LINE: Julie and George are getting married in June. Their marriage will be in the summer.

LINE: Matt's folks will visit him next week. {st-page_131_011.jpg|Portrait of Matt Clyde}
LINE: His parents will arrive Saturday, and his younger sister will arrive Sunday.

LINE: My aunts, uncles, grandparents, and cousins are all my relatives.

# Source: ST §Who Is...? (Julie Wright's Relatives)
$PRODUCE Julie Wright's Relatives
ID: l4-s2
REFERENCE: l4-s1
INTRO: Time to prove you can navigate the tree. Answer each question about Julie Wright's relatives aloud in a full sentence — open the family tree if two Matts are one Matt too many.
INSTRUCTION: Answer the questions about Julie Wright's relatives.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
SHOW_PROMPT
RUBRIC: Accept any accurate full or short answer identifying the relatives from the family tree; treat the model answer as the factual key.

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: Who are Julie's parents?
RESPONSE: Frank and Jane Wright are her parents.

PROMPT: Who are Julie's grandparents on her father's side?
RESPONSE: Paul and Bertha Wright are her grandparents on her father's side.

PROMPT: Who's Julie's grandmother on her mother's side?
RESPONSE: Rita Smith is her grandmother on her mother's side.

PROMPT: Who's her grandfather on her mother's side?
RESPONSE: Kenneth Smith is her grandfather on her mother's side.

PROMPT: Who are her uncles?
RESPONSE: Rick Smith and Matt Clyde are her uncles.

PROMPT: Who's Julie's aunt?
RESPONSE: Kathleen Clyde is Julie's aunt.

PROMPT: Who are Julie's cousins?
RESPONSE: Mark, Janet, and Little Matt Clyde are her cousins.

# Source: ST §Who Is...? (Kathleen and Matt Clyde)
$PRODUCE Kathleen and Matt Clyde's Family
ID: l4-s3
REFERENCE: l4-s1
INTRO: Same tree, different branch. Answer the questions about Kathleen and Matt Clyde aloud — the family tree is there if you need it.
INSTRUCTION: Answer the questions about Kathleen and Matt Clyde.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
SHOW_PROMPT
RUBRIC: Accept any accurate full or short answer identifying the family facts; treat the model answer as the factual key.

PROMPT: How many children do Kathleen and Matt Clyde have?
RESPONSE: They have three children.

PROMPT: What are their names?
RESPONSE: Their names are Mark, Janet, and Little Matt.

PROMPT: Who is their niece?
RESPONSE: Julie Wright is their niece.

PROMPT: Who is their nephew?
RESPONSE: Kevin Wright is their nephew.

PROMPT: Is Matt Clyde single?
RESPONSE: No, he isn't. He's married.

PROMPT: Who are Kathleen's folks?
RESPONSE: Kenneth and Rita Smith are Kathleen's folks.

# Source: ST §Who Are Janet Clyde's Relatives?
$PRODUCE Janet Clyde's Relatives
ID: l4-s4
REFERENCE: l4-s1
INTRO: Now write it. Type the correct family word in each blank about Janet Clyde — the choices are in parentheses.
INSTRUCTION: Type the correct word in each blank.
INPUT: type
CHECK: exact

TEMPLATE: This is Janet Clyde. Kathleen Clyde and Matt Clyde are her ____{parents} (parents / grandparents).
RESPONSE: This is Janet Clyde. Kathleen Clyde and Matt Clyde are her parents.

TEMPLATE: Kenneth Smith is her ____{grandfather} (uncle / grandfather) and Rita Smith is her ____{grandmother} (grandmother / aunt) on her mother's side of the family.
RESPONSE: Kenneth Smith is her grandfather and Rita Smith is her grandmother on her mother's side of the family.

TEMPLATE: George and Linda Clyde are also her ____{grandparents} (grandparents / cousins).
RESPONSE: George and Linda Clyde are also her grandparents.

TEMPLATE: Rick Smith and Frank Wright are two of Janet's ____{uncles} (cousins / uncles).
RESPONSE: Rick Smith and Frank Wright are two of Janet's uncles.

TEMPLATE: Jane Wright is her ____{aunt} (aunt / niece).
RESPONSE: Jane Wright is her aunt.

TEMPLATE: Kevin and Julie Wright are Janet's ____{cousins} (nephews / cousins).
RESPONSE: Kevin and Julie Wright are Janet's cousins.

# Source: ST §He'd Like to Go Now.
$SELECT George and Pete: Choose the Word
ID: l4-s5
INTRO: One last family story: George promised his nephew Pete a fishing trip — and the wedding is getting closer. Tap the word from the box that best completes each sentence.
INSTRUCTION: Choose the word from the box that best completes each sentence.
OPTION: folks | folks
OPTION: get_married | get married
OPTION: marriage | marriage
OPTION: married | married
OPTION: marry | marry
OPTION: nephew | nephew
OPTION: relatives | relatives
OPTION: single | single

TEMPLATE: Julie Wright is getting married in June. She is going to ____ George White.
ANSWER: marry
FEEDBACK: Julie Wright is getting married in June. She is going to marry George White.

TEMPLATE: His ____ live in San Francisco, but they're coming to the wedding.
ANSWER: folks
FEEDBACK: His folks live in San Francisco, but they're coming to the wedding.

TEMPLATE: All of Julie's ____ live right here, in San Antonio. All of them are coming to the wedding.
ANSWER: relatives
FEEDBACK: All of Julie's relatives live right here, in San Antonio. All of them are coming to the wedding.

TEMPLATE: George's sister has a son, Pete. Pete is George's ____.
ANSWER: nephew
FEEDBACK: George's sister has a son, Pete. Pete is George's nephew.

TEMPLATE: A year ago George told Pete, "I'll take you fishing before I ____."
ANSWER: get_married
FEEDBACK: A year ago George told Pete, "I'll take you fishing before I get married."

TEMPLATE: Pete remembers that, and he'd like to go fishing now. He wants to go before the ____.
ANSWER: marriage
FEEDBACK: Pete remembers that, and he'd like to go fishing now. He wants to go before the marriage.

TEMPLATE: He knows George will be ____ for only two more months.
ANSWER: single
FEEDBACK: He knows George will be single for only two more months.

TEMPLATE: After that, when he's ____, he may not be able to go fishing.
ANSWER: married
FEEDBACK: After that, when he's married, he may not be able to go fishing.

$SESSION 4-2: "Be Able To" and Ordering a Story

# Source: ST §Be Able To (grammar table, rewritten as cards)
$GRAMMAR "Be Able To"
ID: l4-s11
INTRO: In this part you'll learn a second way to talk about ability — "be able to" — and some little words that put a story in order. Here's the pattern first.

CARD: "Be able to" talks about ability. It means the same as "can".
{John is able to speak three languages.}
{John can speak three languages.}

CARD: For the future, use "will be able to".
{We'll be able to leave tomorrow.}
{We can leave tomorrow.}

CARD: For the past, use "was able to" or "were able to" — the same as "could".
{I wasn't able to go last night.}
{I couldn't go last night.}

SUMMARY:
| | "be able to" | "can" |
|---|---|---|
| Present | John **is able to** speak three languages. | John **can** speak three languages. |
| Future | We'll **be able to** leave tomorrow. | We **can** leave tomorrow. |
| Past | I **wasn't able to** go last night. | I **couldn't** go last night. |

# Source: ST §Patrick Was Able to Go to the Movie.
$DIALOGUE Will He Be Able to Go?
ID: l4-s12
INTRO: Hear "be able to" in every tense — present, past, and future, questions and answers. Listen and repeat each sentence.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat the sentences.
REPEAT

LINE: Will Robert be able to go to the party?
LINE: I don't think he'll be able to go.
LINE: Diane isn't able to move the refrigerator.
LINE: We were able to leave early.
LINE: They weren't able to fix my car.
LINE: Is grandmother able to take the trip?
LINE: Was the secretary able to fix the typewriter?
LINE: Was your nephew able to read that magazine?
LINE: Jennifer's cousin will be able to drive next month.
LINE: Were you able to get yesterday's newspaper?

# Source: LLA 4A Figure 3 (chart)
$GRAMMAR The Graduation Guest List
ID: 10-4a-f3-chart
INTRO: There's a graduation coming, and the family from part one has been invited. Here's the chart showing whether each relative will be able to attend — some yes, some no, some famously undecided.

### WILL THEY BE ABLE TO COME?

| MY RELATIVES | yes | no | maybe |
|---|:---:|:---:|:---:|
| 1. Aunt June | | | X |
| 2. Grandfather and Grandmother Jones | X | | |
| 3. Aunt Mary | | X | |
| 4. Uncle Ben | | | X |
| 5. Cousin Meg | X | | |
| 6. Cousin Rob | | X | |
| 7. Uncle Jerry | | | X |
| 8. Brother Frank | X | | |
| 9. Parents | X | | |

# Source: LLA 4A Figure 3 (drill)
$PRODUCE Will They Be Able to Come?
ID: 10-4a-f3
REFERENCE: 10-4a-f3-chart
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
REPEAT
INTRO: Now use the chart. Answer each question aloud in a complete sentence — "will", "won't", or "might be able to come" — then repeat the model answer.
INSTRUCTION: Answer the question aloud.

PROMPT: Will Aunt June be able to come? {bk10-l4a-f3-01.mp3}
RESPONSE: I'm not sure. Aunt June might be able to come. {bk10-l4a-f3-01-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Will Grandfather and Grandmother Jones be able to come? {bk10-l4a-f3-02.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, Grandfather and Grandmother Jones will be able to come. {bk10-l4a-f3-02-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Will my parents be able to come? {bk10-l4a-f3-03.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, your parents will be able to come. {bk10-l4a-f3-03-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Will Uncle Ben be able to come? {bk10-l4a-f3-04.mp3}
RESPONSE: Maybe. Uncle Ben might be able to come. {bk10-l4a-f3-04-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Will Uncle Jerry be able to come? {bk10-l4a-f3-05.mp3}
RESPONSE: Maybe. Uncle Jerry might be able to come. {bk10-l4a-f3-05-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Will Cousin Meg be able to come? {bk10-l4a-f3-06.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, Cousin Meg will be able to come. {bk10-l4a-f3-06-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Will Aunt Mary be able to come? {bk10-l4a-f3-07.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, Aunt Mary won't be able to come. {bk10-l4a-f3-07-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Will my brother Frank be able to come? {bk10-l4a-f3-08.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, your brother Frank will be able to come. {bk10-l4a-f3-08-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Will Cousin Rob be able to come? {bk10-l4a-f3-09.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, Cousin Rob won't be able to come. {bk10-l4a-f3-09-a.mp3}

# Source: ST §A Cat Is Able to Climb Trees.
$PRODUCE Change "Can" to "Be Able To"
ID: l4-s13
INTRO: Same meaning, new words. Say each sentence again using "be able to" instead of "can", then check the model.
INSTRUCTION: Change the sentence from "can" to "be able to".
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
SHOW_PROMPT

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: A cat can climb trees.
RESPONSE: A cat is able to climb trees.

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: Can you finish your work?
RESPONSE: Are you able to finish your work?

PROMPT: I can touch my toes.
RESPONSE: I am able to touch my toes.

PROMPT: Can a dog swim?
RESPONSE: Is a dog able to swim?

PROMPT: They can be here tomorrow morning.
RESPONSE: They are able to be here tomorrow morning.

PROMPT: Animals can't speak.
RESPONSE: Animals aren't able to speak.

PROMPT: Jim can play basketball well.
RESPONSE: Jim is able to play basketball well.

PROMPT: How fast can a fish swim?
RESPONSE: How fast is a fish able to swim?

PROMPT: Linda can speak four languages.
RESPONSE: Linda is able to speak four languages.

PROMPT: What languages can you speak?
RESPONSE: What languages are you able to speak?

# Source: ST §Were You Able to Go?
$PRODUCE Were You Able To...?
ID: l4-s14
INTRO: Now build the past question yourself. Take the cue and ask a question that starts with "Were you able to".
INSTRUCTION: Ask a past tense question with "be able to" using the cue words.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
SHOW_PROMPT
RUBRIC: Require a grammatically correct past tense question using "Were you able to" plus the given cue; accept minor rewording of the cue.

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: go to the BX last Saturday
RESPONSE: Were you able to go to the BX last Saturday?

PROMPT: speak English when you were young
RESPONSE: Were you able to speak English when you were young?

PROMPT: see your friend at the airport last night
RESPONSE: Were you able to see your friend at the airport last night?

PROMPT: cook your own food while you were on vacation
RESPONSE: Were you able to cook your own food while you were on vacation?

PROMPT: take a vacation last year
RESPONSE: Were you able to take a vacation last year?

PROMPT: get your own apartment
RESPONSE: Were you able to get your own apartment?

PROMPT: go to Los Angeles last summer
RESPONSE: Were you able to go to Los Angeles last summer?

PROMPT: sleep late last Sunday
RESPONSE: Were you able to sleep late last Sunday?

# Source: ST §Reading: Ken and Jim
$GRAMMAR Reading: Ken and Jim
ID: l4-s15-r
READING
INTRO: Two short paragraphs — Ken's very busy week, and Jim's coin collection. Read them; you'll answer questions using "be able to" next.

CARD: **Paragraph 1.** On Friday, Jim invited Ken to a party. He wasn't able to go because he had to work. On Sunday, Stan invited him to the movie. He wasn't able to go the movie because he had to study for a test. On Tuesday, Jack asked him to go to dinner with him. He didn't have to work, and he didn't have to study. At last, he was able to do something with a friend!

CARD: **Paragraph 2.** Jim collected coins on his last vacation to Europe. He got coins from England, France, and Germany. He wasn't able to get coins from Italy or Greece, but his friends in Switzerland are going to send him some of those coins next month. He'll have a large selection of coins in his collection.

# Source: ST §He Wasn't Able to Go. (INPUT switched to speak — full-sentence answers)
$PRODUCE He Wasn't Able to Go
ID: l4-s15
REFERENCE: l4-s15-r
INTRO: Answer each question about Ken and Jim aloud in a complete sentence with "be able to". The reading is one tap away if the details escape you.
INSTRUCTION: Answer each question in a complete sentence using "be able to".
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
SHOW_PROMPT
RUBRIC: Require a form of "be able to" — an answer without it fails. Treat the model answer as the factual key and accept any phrasing of the same facts.

PROMPT: Why wasn't Ken able to go to the party?
RESPONSE: He wasn't able to go because he had to work.

PROMPT: Was Ken able to go to the movie?
RESPONSE: No, he wasn't able to go because he had to study.

PROMPT: What was Ken able to do?
RESPONSE: He was able to go to dinner with Jack.

PROMPT: Was Jim able to collect coins from Germany?
RESPONSE: Yes, he was able to collect coins from Germany.

PROMPT: Was he able to get coins from Italy or Greece when he was on vacation?
RESPONSE: No, he wasn't able to get coins from Italy or Greece on his vacation.

PROMPT: Do you think he'll be able to get some coins from those countries?
RESPONSE: Yes, his friends in Switzerland will be able to send him some.

# Source: new (gap: connectives are drilled on tape 4A but never explained)
$GRAMMAR Words That Put a Story in Order
ID: 10-4a-f4-g
INTRO: When you tell what happened, little words like "first" and "then" keep the steps in line. Here's how they work.

CARD: To give steps in order, start with "first", then move through with "next" and "then".
{First, he opened the trunk.}
{Next, he took off the hub cap.}
{Then he put the spare tire on the wheel.}

CARD: "After that" continues the steps, and "finally" or "lastly" marks the end.
{After that, he put the jack in place.}
{Finally, take out your selection.}

# Source: LLA 4A Figure 4 (word list — kept as pronunciation reinforcement)
$DIALOGUE First, Next, Then, Finally
ID: 10-4a-f4-vocab
INTRO: Hear the ordering words themselves. Listen and repeat each group.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
REPEAT

LINE: After, after that, finally, first. {bk10-l4a-f4-01.mp3}
LINE: Last, lastly. {bk10-l4a-f4-02.mp3}
LINE: Next, second. {bk10-l4a-f4-03.mp3}
LINE: Then. {bk10-l4a-f4-04.mp3}

# Source: LLA 4A Figure 4 (Part 2)
$PRODUCE Changing a Flat Tire
ID: 10-4a-f4-p1
INPUT: type
CHECK: exact
INTRO: A man changes a flat tire, step by step. Listen to each step and type the ordering word you hear.
INSTRUCTION: Type the missing connective word.

PROMPT: First, he opened the trunk and took the wrench, the jack, and the spare tire out of the trunk. {bk10-l4a-f4-p1-01.mp3}
TEMPLATE: ____, he opened the trunk and took the wrench, the jack, and the spare tire out of the trunk.
RESPONSE: First, he opened the trunk and took the wrench, the jack, and the spare tire out of the trunk. {bk10-l4a-f4-p1-01.mp3}
ACCEPT: First | first

PROMPT: Next, he took off the hub cap and loosened the nuts with the wrench. {bk10-l4a-f4-p1-02.mp3}
TEMPLATE: ____, he took off the hub cap and loosened the nuts with the wrench.
RESPONSE: Next, he took off the hub cap and loosened the nuts with the wrench. {bk10-l4a-f4-p1-02.mp3}
ACCEPT: Next | next

PROMPT: After that, he put the jack in place and lifted the car. {bk10-l4a-f4-p1-03.mp3}
TEMPLATE: ____, he put the jack in place and lifted the car.
RESPONSE: After that, he put the jack in place and lifted the car. {bk10-l4a-f4-p1-03.mp3}
ACCEPT: After that | after that

PROMPT: Then he put the spare tire on the wheel and put the nuts on. {bk10-l4a-f4-p1-04.mp3}
TEMPLATE: ____ he put the spare tire on the wheel and put the nuts on.
RESPONSE: Then he put the spare tire on the wheel and put the nuts on. {bk10-l4a-f4-p1-04.mp3}
ACCEPT: Then | then

# Source: LLA 4A Figure 4 (Part 3)
$PRODUCE Using the Vending Machine
ID: 10-4a-f4-p2
INPUT: type
CHECK: exact
INTRO: Same job, new machine — buying a snack, one step at a time. Listen to each step and type the ordering word you hear.
INSTRUCTION: Type the missing connective word.

PROMPT: First, be sure you have enough change. {bk10-l4a-f4-p2-01.mp3}
TEMPLATE: ____, be sure you have enough change.
RESPONSE: First, be sure you have enough change. {bk10-l4a-f4-p2-01.mp3}
ACCEPT: First | first

PROMPT: Then look at the snacks. {bk10-l4a-f4-p2-02.mp3}
TEMPLATE: ____ look at the snacks.
RESPONSE: Then look at the snacks. {bk10-l4a-f4-p2-02.mp3}
ACCEPT: Then | then

PROMPT: Then decide on the snack before you insert your money. {bk10-l4a-f4-p2-03.mp3}
TEMPLATE: ____ decide on the snack before you insert your money.
RESPONSE: Then decide on the snack before you insert your money. {bk10-l4a-f4-p2-03.mp3}
ACCEPT: Then | then

PROMPT: Next, insert your coins in the coin slot. {bk10-l4a-f4-p2-04.mp3}
TEMPLATE: ____, insert your coins in the coin slot.
RESPONSE: Next, insert your coins in the coin slot. {bk10-l4a-f4-p2-04.mp3}
ACCEPT: Next | next

PROMPT: Then be sure to push the right letter and button for your selection. {bk10-l4a-f4-p2-05.mp3}
TEMPLATE: ____ be sure to push the right letter and button for your selection.
RESPONSE: Then be sure to push the right letter and button for your selection. {bk10-l4a-f4-p2-05.mp3}
ACCEPT: Then | then

PROMPT: Finally, after the snack drops to the tray, take out your selection. {bk10-l4a-f4-p2-06.mp3}
TEMPLATE: ____, after the snack drops to the tray, take out your selection.
RESPONSE: Finally, after the snack drops to the tray, take out your selection. {bk10-l4a-f4-p2-06.mp3}
ACCEPT: Finally | finally

# Source: ST §The Dinner Party: Matching
$SELECT The Dinner Party: Match the Halves
ID: l4-s29
INTRO: Sally is planning a dinner party — soup, salad, chicken, pie, the works. Tap the ending that completes each sentence beginning.
INSTRUCTION: Match each sentence beginning with the correct ending.
OPTION: a | of tomatoes and onions.
OPTION: b | soup with cheese.
OPTION: c | party tomorrow night.
OPTION: d | but Sally likes dinner parties.
OPTION: e | when she makes this dish.
OPTION: f | serve pie and ice cream.
OPTION: g | serve chicken and vegetables.

TEMPLATE: Sally is having a dinner ____
ANSWER: c

TEMPLATE: She always uses carrots ____
ANSWER: e

TEMPLATE: Second, she'll serve a salad ____
ANSWER: a

TEMPLATE: Finally, for dessert she'll ____
ANSWER: f

TEMPLATE: First, she'll serve onion ____
ANSWER: b

TEMPLATE: Then for the meat dish she'll ____
ANSWER: g

TEMPLATE: That kind of meal is a lot of work, ____
ANSWER: d

# Source: ST §The Dinner Party: Sentence Order
$SELECT The Dinner Party: Put It in Order
ID: l4-s30
ORDER
INTRO: Now tell the whole story of Sally's dinner party from start to finish. The ordering words — "first", "second", "then", "finally" — do most of the work for you.
INSTRUCTION: Arrange the sentences in the correct order to tell the story.
OPTION: a | Sally is having a dinner party tomorrow night.
OPTION: b | She always uses carrots when she makes this dish.
OPTION: c | Second, she'll serve a salad of tomatoes and onions.
OPTION: d | Finally, for dessert she'll serve pie and ice cream.
OPTION: e | First, she'll serve onion soup with cheese.
OPTION: f | Then for the meat dish she'll serve chicken and vegetables.
OPTION: g | That kind of meal is a lot of work, but Sally likes dinner parties.

TEMPLATE: What is the correct order of the story of Sally's dinner party?
ANSWER: a,e,c,f,b,d,g
FEEDBACK: Sally is having a dinner party tomorrow night. First, she'll serve onion soup with cheese. Second, she'll serve a salad of tomatoes and onions. Then for the meat dish she'll serve chicken and vegetables. She always uses carrots when she makes this dish. Finally, for dessert she'll serve pie and ice cream. That kind of meal is a lot of work, but Sally likes dinner parties.

$SESSION 4-3: Occupations, Weather, and Time

# Source: LLA 4B Figure 1
$DIALOGUE Occupations and Jobs
ID: 10-4b-f1
INTRO: In this part you'll learn to ask what people do for a living, and to talk about the weather and the time. First, the jobs — dentists, drivers, bosses, and one very fast typist. Listen and repeat each line.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat each sentence.
REPEAT

LINE: What's her occupation? {bk10-l4b-f1-01.mp3}
LINE: What's his job? {bk10-l4b-f1-02.mp3}
LINE: What kind of work does he do? {bk10-l4b-f1-03.mp3}
LINE: What does he do? {bk10-l4b-f1-04.mp3}

VOCAB: dentist
LINE: A dentist is a doctor. She works on people's teeth. {page_081_001.jpg|A female dentist examining a patient in a dental chair} {bk10-l4b-f1-05.mp3}

VOCAB: businesswoman
VOCAB: company
LINE: She's a businesswoman. Rita and her husband own an insurance company. {page_081_002.jpg|A man and a woman in business attire standing in front of a sign that reads "HAYES INSURANCE CO"} {bk10-l4b-f1-06.mp3}

VOCAB: salesman
LINE: He sells cars. He's a salesman. {page_081_003.jpg|A man in a suit standing in front of a car with a sign that reads "CAR SALE"} {bk10-l4b-f1-07.mp3}

VOCAB: cashier
LINE: Alice takes money from customers at a restaurant. She's a cashier. {page_081_004.jpg|A female cashier sitting at a register counter with customers in line} {bk10-l4b-f1-08.mp3}

VOCAB: boss
LINE: Mr. Jones owns the restaurant. He's her boss. {page_081_004.jpg|A female cashier sitting at a register counter with customers in line} {bk10-l4b-f1-09.mp3}

VOCAB: secretary
LINE: He's the new secretary for the school. He types 55 words a minute. {page_081_005.jpg|A male secretary sitting at a desk with a world map behind him labeled "DLI"} {bk10-l4b-f1-10.mp3}

VOCAB: driver
LINE: He's the new driver for the school bus. He's a bus driver. {page_081_006.jpg|A male bus driver standing next to the open door of a bus} {bk10-l4b-f1-11.mp3}

# Source: LLA 4B Figure 2
$SELECT What's the Occupation?
ID: 10-4b-f2
INTRO: Someone describes a person's work — you name the job. Listen, tap the correct occupation, then repeat the answer.
INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct occupation.
REPEAT

OPTION: a | businessman
OPTION: b | driver
OPTION: c | cashier
OPTION: d | saleswoman
OPTION: e | dentist
OPTION: f | secretary

PROMPT: He works in a grocery store. The customers pay him for their food. What's his occupation? {bk10-l4b-f2-01.mp3}
ANSWER: c
FEEDBACK: The cashier takes the customers' money for food. {bk10-l4b-f2-01-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Jack drives a truck for a furniture store. What's his job? {bk10-l4b-f2-02.mp3}
ANSWER: b
FEEDBACK: He's a truck driver. {bk10-l4b-f2-02-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Mary sells towels in a department store. What is her job? {bk10-l4b-f2-03.mp3}
ANSWER: d
FEEDBACK: A saleswoman sells things. {bk10-l4b-f2-03-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Mark owns a drugstore. What's his occupation? {bk10-l4b-f2-04.mp3}
ANSWER: a
FEEDBACK: He's a businessman. {bk10-l4b-f2-04-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Alice works for an insurance company. She types, writes letters, and answers the phone. What is she? {bk10-l4b-f2-05.mp3}
ANSWER: f
FEEDBACK: A secretary usually types and answers the phone. {bk10-l4b-f2-05-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: He cleaned and filled my teeth. What's his occupation? {bk10-l4b-f2-06.mp3}
ANSWER: e
FEEDBACK: A dentist cleans and fills teeth. {bk10-l4b-f2-06-fb.mp3}

# Source: ST §What Is Your Occupation? (distinct items salvaged; overlapping cashier/dentist/salesman lines dropped as twins of LLA 4B Figure 1)
$DIALOGUE More Jobs: Owners and Bosses
ID: l4-s6-b
INTRO: A few more working people — this time the ones who own the business. Listen and repeat.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
REPEAT

VOCAB: saleswoman
LINE: Joseph and Rita are salespeople. They sell houses. Joseph is a salesman, and Rita is a saleswoman. {st-page_138_001.jpg|A male and female real estate salesperson standing in front of a house sign that says SOLD}

VOCAB: to type
LINE: Fran is a secretary. She types 85 words a minute. She types fast. {st-page_138_002.jpg|A female secretary sitting at her desk typing on a typewriter}

VOCAB: business
VOCAB: to own
LINE: Mr. Soto is a businessman. He owns a clothing store; it's his business. {st-page_138_003.jpg|A businessman standing in front of a clothing window display labeled SOTO'S fashions}

VOCAB: salesperson
LINE: He's the boss in his store, and he has a salesperson working for him. {st-page_138_003.jpg|A businessman standing in front of a clothing window display labeled SOTO'S fashions}

LINE: Myra is a taxi driver. She's also a businesswoman. {st-page_138_004.jpg|A female and male taxi driver standing in front of a taxi car labeled M&H TAXI COMPANY}

LINE: She and her husband Hal own a taxi company together. {st-page_138_004.jpg|A female and male taxi driver standing in front of a taxi car labeled M&H TAXI COMPANY}

# SKIPPED (book): "HE'S A DENTIST, YOU'RE A PILOT, I'M A TAXI DRIVER." (ST p. 130) — cumulative classroom memory game; partner/group activity with no solo path.

# Source: ST §Impersonal "It" (grammar table, rewritten as cards)
$GRAMMAR Talking With "It"
ID: l4-s18
INTRO: English uses one small word — "it" — to talk about the weather, the temperature, the time, and distance. Here's the pattern before you practice it.

CARD: Use "it" for the weather and the temperature.
{Is it raining?} — {Yes, it's raining very hard.}
{Is it cold outside?} — {Yes, it's 35 degrees.}

CARD: Use "it" for time, too.
{What time is it?} — {It's 5:30.}
{Is it time for lunch?} — {No, it's only 10:15.}

CARD: And use "it" for distance.
{How far is it to Austin from here?} — {It's about 78 miles.}

SUMMARY:
| Category | Example |
|---|---|
| Temperature | Is it cold outside? — Yes, it's 35 degrees. |
| Time | What time is it? — It's 5:30. |
| Time | Is it time for lunch? — No, it's only 10:15. |
| Weather | Is it raining? — Yes, it's raining very hard. |
| Weather | Is it going to be hot today? — No, it's going to be cool all day. |
| Distance | How far is it to Austin from here? — It's about 78 miles. |

# Source: LLA 4B Figure 3 (chart)
$GRAMMAR Last Night's Weather
ID: 10-4b-f3-chart
INTRO: Here's the weather report — what the sky was doing and how cold it got in eight American cities last night. You'll answer questions from this chart next.

| City | Weather | Temperature |
|---|---|---|
| Los Angeles | rainy | 60° |
| New York | cloudy | 41° |
| San Francisco | cloudy | 55° |
| Washington | windy | 42° |
| Phoenix | clear / windy | 72° |
| Detroit | clear | 30° |
| Las Vegas | rainy | 65° |
| Chicago | cloudy | 34° |

**Weather Key:**
- **c** = clear
- **cl** = cloudy
- **r** = rainy
- **sy** = sunny
- **w** = windy

# Source: LLA 4B Figure 3 (questions)
$PRODUCE Weather Questions
ID: 10-4b-f3
REFERENCE: 10-4b-f3-chart
INTRO: Now be the weather reporter. Listen to each question, answer aloud in a complete sentence with "it", then repeat the correct answer — the chart is there if your memory clouds over.
INSTRUCTION: Answer aloud based on the weather chart.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
REPEAT

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: What was the temperature in Chicago? {bk10-l4b-f3-ex1.mp3}
RESPONSE: It was 34 degrees. {bk10-l4b-f3-ex1-a.mp3}

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: Was it cloudy or clear? {bk10-l4b-f3-ex2.mp3}
RESPONSE: It was cloudy. {bk10-l4b-f3-ex2-a.mp3}

PROMPT: What was the temperature in Phoenix? {bk10-l4b-f3-01.mp3}
RESPONSE: It was 72 degrees. {bk10-l4b-f3-01-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Was it cloudy or clear in Phoenix? {bk10-l4b-f3-02.mp3}
RESPONSE: It was clear. {bk10-l4b-f3-02-a.mp3}

PROMPT: What was the temperature in Las Vegas? {bk10-l4b-f3-03.mp3}
RESPONSE: It was 65 degrees in Las Vegas. {bk10-l4b-f3-03-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Was it cloudy or rainy in Las Vegas? {bk10-l4b-f3-04.mp3}
RESPONSE: It was rainy in Las Vegas. {bk10-l4b-f3-04-a.mp3}

PROMPT: What was the temperature in San Francisco? {bk10-l4b-f3-05.mp3}
RESPONSE: It was 55 degrees in San Francisco. {bk10-l4b-f3-05-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Was it cloudy or clear? {bk10-l4b-f3-06.mp3}
RESPONSE: It was cloudy. {bk10-l4b-f3-06-a.mp3}

PROMPT: What was the temperature in New York? {bk10-l4b-f3-07.mp3}
RESPONSE: It was 41 degrees. {bk10-l4b-f3-07-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Was it cloudy or rainy in New York? {bk10-l4b-f3-08.mp3}
RESPONSE: It was cloudy. {bk10-l4b-f3-08-a.mp3}

PROMPT: What was the temperature in Los Angeles? {bk10-l4b-f3-09.mp3}
RESPONSE: It was 60 degrees. {bk10-l4b-f3-09-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Was it rainy or cloudy? {bk10-l4b-f3-10.mp3}
RESPONSE: It was rainy. {bk10-l4b-f3-10-a.mp3}

PROMPT: What was the temperature in Detroit? {bk10-l4b-f3-11.mp3}
RESPONSE: It was 30 degrees. {bk10-l4b-f3-11-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Was it cloudy or clear? {bk10-l4b-f3-12.mp3}
RESPONSE: It was clear. {bk10-l4b-f3-12-a.mp3}

PROMPT: What was the temperature in Washington? {bk10-l4b-f3-13.mp3}
RESPONSE: It was 42 degrees. {bk10-l4b-f3-13-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Was it windy or rainy? {bk10-l4b-f3-14.mp3}
RESPONSE: It was windy. {bk10-l4b-f3-14-a.mp3}

# Source: ST §Weather and Temperature Chart
$GRAMMAR Today's Weather Chart
ID: l4-s19-g
INTRO: A second weather chart — five cities, and this time the weather and the temperature go together in one answer.

| CITY | WEATHER | TEMPERATURE |
|---|---|---|
| New York | windy and cold | 35° |
| Atlanta | sunny and cool | 52° |
| Washington D.C. | cloudy and cold | 42° |
| Los Angeles | cloudy and warm | 68° |
| Houston | rainy and warm | 74° |

# Source: ST §It's Cold and Windy.
$PRODUCE How's the Weather?
ID: l4-s19
REFERENCE: l4-s19-g
INTRO: One more round of weather talk — this time say both the weather and the temperature in your answer. The chart is there to consult.
INSTRUCTION: Answer the questions about the weather chart.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
SHOW_PROMPT
RUBRIC: Treat the model answer as the factual key; accept any accurate description of the city's weather and temperature, in any order or short form.

PROMPT: How's the weather in New York?
RESPONSE: It's windy and cold, and it's 35 degrees.

PROMPT: What's the temperature in Atlanta?
RESPONSE: It's 52 degrees and sunny and cool.

PROMPT: How's the weather in Washington D.C.?
RESPONSE: It's cloudy and cold, and it's 42 degrees.

PROMPT: Is it warm in Los Angeles?
RESPONSE: Yes, it's cloudy and warm, and it's 68 degrees.

PROMPT: What's the weather like in Houston?
RESPONSE: It's rainy and warm, and it's 74 degrees.

# Source: LLA 4B Figure 4
$PRODUCE What Time Is It?
ID: 10-4b-f4
INTRO: From weather to clocks. Look at each clock and cue sentence, listen to the question, answer aloud with "it", then repeat the model answer.
INSTRUCTION: Answer aloud based on the clock and cue.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
REPEAT

TEMPLATE: It's time to get up. {page_083_001.jpg|A clock face showing 6:00}
PROMPT: What time is it? {bk10-l4b-f4-01-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: It's 6. It's time to get up. {bk10-l4b-f4-01-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: It's time for class. {page_083_002.jpg|A clock face showing 7:30}
PROMPT: Is it time to sleep? {bk10-l4b-f4-02-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No. It's 7:30. It's time for class. {bk10-l4b-f4-02-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: It's time to eat. {page_083_003.jpg|A clock face showing 12:15}
PROMPT: What time is it? {bk10-l4b-f4-03-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: It's 12:15. It's time to eat. {bk10-l4b-f4-03-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: It's your free time. {page_083_004.jpg|A clock face showing 7:00}
PROMPT: Is it time to relax? {bk10-l4b-f4-04-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes. It's 7. It's your free time. {bk10-l4b-f4-04-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: It's time to eat supper. {page_083_005.jpg|A clock face showing 5:20}
PROMPT: Is it time for breakfast? {bk10-l4b-f4-05-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No. It's 5:20. It's time to eat supper. {bk10-l4b-f4-05-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: It's time to go to sleep. {page_083_006.jpg|A clock face showing 10:45}
PROMPT: What time is it? {bk10-l4b-f4-06-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: It's 10:45. It's time to go to sleep. {bk10-l4b-f4-06-a.mp3}

# Source: ST §Time Around the World
$PRODUCE Time Around the World
ID: l4-s20
INTRO: While you're having breakfast, someone in Tokyo is thinking about lunch. Look at each clock and say what time it is in that city.
INSTRUCTION: Look at the clock and state the time in each city.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
SHOW_PROMPT

PROMPT: What time is it in Paris? {st-page_150_001.jpg|An analog clock showing 4:00}
RESPONSE: It's four o'clock in Paris.

PROMPT: What time is it in London? {st-page_150_002.jpg|An analog clock showing 3:00}
RESPONSE: It's three o'clock in London.

PROMPT: What time is it in San Salvador? {st-page_150_003.jpg|An analog clock showing 10:00}
RESPONSE: It's ten o'clock in San Salvador.

PROMPT: What time is it in Bangkok? {st-page_150_004.jpg|An analog clock showing 10:00}
RESPONSE: It's ten o'clock in Bangkok.

PROMPT: What time is it in Riyadh? {st-page_150_005.jpg|An analog clock showing 6:00}
RESPONSE: It's six o'clock in Riyadh.

PROMPT: What time is it in Ankara? {st-page_150_006.jpg|An analog clock showing 6:00}
RESPONSE: It's six o'clock in Ankara.

PROMPT: What time is it in Seoul? {st-page_150_007.jpg|An analog clock showing 12:00}
RESPONSE: It's twelve o'clock in Seoul.

PROMPT: What time is it in Tokyo? {st-page_150_008.jpg|An analog clock showing 12:00}
RESPONSE: It's twelve o'clock in Tokyo.

PROMPT: What time is it in Rio de Janeiro? {st-page_150_009.jpg|An analog clock showing 12:00}
RESPONSE: It's twelve o'clock in Rio de Janeiro.

PROMPT: What time is it in Cairo? {st-page_150_010.jpg|An analog clock showing 5:00}
RESPONSE: It's five o'clock in Cairo.

PROMPT: What time is it in Mexico City? {st-page_150_011.jpg|An analog clock showing 10:00}
RESPONSE: It's ten o'clock in Mexico City.

PROMPT: What time is it in Beirut? {st-page_150_012.jpg|An analog clock showing 5:00}
RESPONSE: It's five o'clock in Beirut.

$SESSION 4-4: Weekend Plans and Main Ideas

# Source: LLA 4B Figure 5 (coin-collection illustration salvaged from the dropped ST twin §Do You Collect Anything?)
$DIALOGUE Do You Collect Anything? {st-page_142_001.jpg|A collection of twelve different coins displayed in two rows inside a box frame}
ID: 10-4b-f5
INTRO: In this part you'll practice weekend plans and finding the main idea of what you hear. First, Bruce and Ben compare hobbies — coins versus student test papers. Listen and repeat each line.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat each line.
REPEAT

Bruce: What are you going to do this Saturday, Ben? Are you going to do anything interesting? {bk10-l4b-f5-01.mp3}
VOCAB: collection
VOCAB: to collect
Ben: Well, I'm going to add some coins to my collection. Do you collect anything? {bk10-l4b-f5-02.mp3}
Bruce: No. All I collect is my students' papers after a test. But that's different. {bk10-l4b-f5-03.mp3}
Ben: What are you doing Saturday? {bk10-l4b-f5-04.mp3}
VOCAB: to replace
VOCAB: tire
Bruce: I'm going to work on my car. I have to replace two tires. {bk10-l4b-f5-05.mp3}
VOCAB: ticket
LINE: Then I'm going to a baseball game. Do you want to come with me? I have an extra ticket. {bk10-l4b-f5-06.mp3}
Ben: Sure. Where can I meet you? {bk10-l4b-f5-07.mp3}
Bruce: How about my apartment, at five? {bk10-l4b-f5-08.mp3}
Ben: Good. See you then. {bk10-l4b-f5-09.mp3}

# Source: LLA 4B Figure 5 (role-play)
$DIALOGUE Take Ben's Part
ID: 10-4b-f5-role-ben
REFERENCE: 10-4b-f5
PLAY_ROLE: Ben
INTRO: Now practice the conversation. You are Ben — speak Ben's lines in the pauses.

# Source: LLA 4B Figure 5 (role-play)
$DIALOGUE Take Bruce's Part
ID: 10-4b-f5-role-bruce
REFERENCE: 10-4b-f5
PLAY_ROLE: Bruce
INTRO: Now change roles. You are Bruce — you start the conversation.

# Source: ST §Do You Collect Anything?: True or False (retargeted to the cassette dialog; the ST twin dialog was dropped)
$SELECT Do You Collect Anything? True or False
ID: l4-s10
REFERENCE: 10-4b-f5
SHOW_PROMPT
INTRO: Did you catch who collects what? Read each statement and tap True or False — open the conversation again if Saturday's plans got fuzzy.
INSTRUCTION: Tap True or False.
OPTION: T | True
OPTION: F | False

PROMPT: Ben collects coins.
ANSWER: T

PROMPT: Bruce collects papers from his students.
ANSWER: T

PROMPT: Ben has a coin collection.
ANSWER: T

PROMPT: Bruce has a paper collection.
ANSWER: F

PROMPT: Ben will repair his car.
ANSWER: F

PROMPT: Ben doesn't want to see the Dodgers.
ANSWER: F

# Source: LLA 4B Figure 6 (paragraph 1)
$DIALOGUE Why People Go to Malls
ID: 10-4b-f6-p1
INTRO: A short talk about shopping centers — and why some people go without buying a single thing. Just listen; you'll say the main idea afterward.
INSTRUCTION: Listen to the passage.

LINE: Why do people go to shopping centers? {bk10-l4b-f6-01.mp3}
LINE: You might say, "They go to shop." {bk10-l4b-f6-02.mp3}
LINE: Most people do go to malls for that, but some just go for fun. {bk10-l4b-f6-03.mp3}
LINE: The stores want to sell their things. {bk10-l4b-f6-04.mp3}
LINE: They put their most beautiful and interesting things in their windows. {bk10-l4b-f6-05.mp3}
LINE: They try to get the customers into their stores. {bk10-l4b-f6-06.mp3}
LINE: Many people just like to see these stores. {bk10-l4b-f6-07.mp3}
LINE: Others like to walk or exercise in the malls. {bk10-l4b-f6-08.mp3}
LINE: It's cool and safe there. {bk10-l4b-f6-09.mp3}
LINE: Some people like to go and watch other people while they shop or walk. {bk10-l4b-f6-10.mp3}
LINE: A shopping center can be fun to visit. {bk10-l4b-f6-11.mp3}

# Source: LLA 4B Figure 6 (question 1)
$PRODUCE Main Idea: Shopping Centers
ID: 10-4b-f6-q1
REFERENCE: 10-4b-f6-p1
INTRO: In one sentence: what was that whole talk really about? Say the main idea aloud — you can replay the passage if you need to.
INSTRUCTION: State the main idea in a complete sentence.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
RUBRIC: Accept any statement expressing that people go to shopping centers for many reasons besides shopping (such as walking, looking at items, watching people, or having fun).

PROMPT: What is the main idea of the paragraph?
RESPONSE: People go to shopping centers for different reasons, not just to shop.

# Source: LLA 4B Figure 6 (paragraph 2)
$DIALOGUE Keeping Warm on Cold Days
ID: 10-4b-f6-p2
INTRO: One more talk — how people stay warm in cold weather, including one theory involving cold showers. Just listen.
INSTRUCTION: Listen to the passage.

LINE: When people want to keep warm on cold days, they do different things. {bk10-l4b-f6-12.mp3}
LINE: Some people wear warm clothes. {bk10-l4b-f6-13.mp3}
LINE: Other people drink hot coffee or tea all day. {bk10-l4b-f6-14.mp3}
LINE: At night, people put many covers on their beds. {bk10-l4b-f6-15.mp3}
LINE: Others think that doing the opposite helps. {bk10-l4b-f6-16.mp3}
LINE: For example, some people think that a cold shower will keep you warm. {bk10-l4b-f6-17.mp3}
LINE: They say that cold plus cold equals hot. {bk10-l4b-f6-18.mp3}

# Source: LLA 4B Figure 6 (question 2)
$PRODUCE Main Idea: Keeping Warm
ID: 10-4b-f6-q2
REFERENCE: 10-4b-f6-p2
INTRO: Same job again — one sentence that sums up the second talk. Say it aloud.
INSTRUCTION: State the main idea in a complete sentence.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
RUBRIC: Accept any statement expressing that people have different or various ways of keeping warm on cold days.

PROMPT: What is the main idea of the paragraph?
RESPONSE: People do different things to keep warm on cold days.

# Source: ST §Reading: Summer With Grandparents
$GRAMMAR Reading: Summer With Grandparents
ID: l4-s16-r
READING
INTRO: Now do the same with a text you read. Here's a paragraph about Peg, Paul, and Mark's summer visit — you'll write its topic, its main idea, and pick its best title next.

CARD: **Paragraph 1.** Peg and Paul visit their grandparents, Mr. and Mrs. Lee, for two weeks every summer. Their cousin Mark visits with them, too. The children really enjoy staying with their grandparents. Mr. and Mrs. Lee take them swimming and sightseeing often. Mr. Lee also takes the boys fishing. Peg doesn't go with them because she doesn't like to fish. When the boys go fishing, Peg and her grandmother go shopping. Peg, Paul, and Mark think two weeks is not long enough for a visit with their grandparents. They'd like to stay all summer.

# Source: ST §Write the Topic and Main Idea
$PRODUCE Topic and Main Idea
ID: l4-s16
REFERENCE: l4-s16-r
INTRO: Type the topic — a word or short phrase — and then the main idea as a complete sentence. The paragraph stays open in the reference panel.
INSTRUCTION: Write the topic and main idea for the paragraph.
INPUT: type
CHECK: llm
SHOW_PROMPT
RUBRIC: For the topic, accept a concise phrase about the children visiting their grandparents. For the main idea, accept a complete sentence stating that the children enjoy their summer visit with their grandparents.

PROMPT: What is the topic of the paragraph? Write a word or short phrase.
RESPONSE: visiting grandparents in the summer

PROMPT: What is the main idea of the paragraph? Write a complete sentence.
RESPONSE: The children enjoy visiting their grandparents in the summer.

# Source: ST §What Do You Want to Call It?
$SELECT Pick the Best Title
ID: l4-s17
REFERENCE: l4-s16-r
INTRO: A good title covers the whole paragraph — not just the fun parts. Tap the best title for the story about Peg, Paul, and Mark.
INSTRUCTION: Select the best title for the paragraph.
OPTION: a | Peg, Paul, and Mark
OPTION: b | Summer With Grandfather and Grandmother
OPTION: c | Swimming and Sightseeing in the Summer

TEMPLATE: What is the best title for the paragraph?
ANSWER: b

# Source: ST §Reading: My Dentist
$GRAMMAR Reading: My Dentist
ID: l4-s28-r
READING
INTRO: One more short paragraph — a dentist who's also a good businessman. Read it; you'll choose the best summary next.

CARD: My dentist is a good doctor and a good businessman. He checks my teeth every six months. When it's time for a visit, his secretary calls me. Most people don't like to visit a dentist. My dentist and his secretary make my visits pleasant. A good businessman keeps his customers happy.

# Source: ST §What's It All About?
$SELECT Pick the Best Summary
ID: l4-s28
REFERENCE: l4-s28-r
INTRO: A summary says the whole thing in a couple of sentences. Tap the one that best sums up the paragraph about the dentist.
INSTRUCTION: Read the paragraph and select the best summary.
OPTION: a | Dentists are good businessmen. They work on people's teeth and call them every six months.
OPTION: b | Most people don't like to visit dentists, but usually they have a pleasant visit.
OPTION: c | A good businessman keeps his customers happy. A good dentist and his secretary can make a visit pleasant.

TEMPLATE: Which sentence gives the best summary of the paragraph?
ANSWER: c

# SKIPPED (book): Reading Skill "HOW MUCH?" and "FLOWERS" (ST p. 135) — timed scanning exercises referencing transparency master advertisements at the back of the book; no workable interaction in our format.

$SESSION 4-5: Distances, Travel, and the News

# Source: LLA 4C Figure 1 (dialog); the ST twin §It's Not Very Far. was dropped (same dialog, TTS-only)
$DIALOGUE It's Not Very Far
ID: 10-4c-f1-dialogue
INTRO: In this part you'll learn to ask how far away places are and how long it takes to get there. Sam is planning a Texas road trip and Jan has the map. Listen and repeat each line.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat each line.
REPEAT

VOCAB: far
Sam: How far is it from Houston to Dallas? {bk10-l4c-f1-01.mp3}

VOCAB: about
Jan: Oh, it's about 250 miles. {bk10-l4c-f1-02.mp3}

VOCAB: exact
Sam: Could you find out the exact number of miles for me? {bk10-l4c-f1-03.mp3}

Jan: Sure. Let me check my map. It's 243 miles. {bk10-l4c-f1-04.mp3}

Sam: Which city do you think is nicer to visit? {bk10-l4c-f1-05.mp3}

VOCAB: pleasant
Jan: Well, in my opinion, Houston is more pleasant. {bk10-l4c-f1-06.mp3}

Sam: That's good. I'm driving to Houston first. Then from there I might drive to Dallas. {bk10-l4c-f1-07.mp3}

Jan: Well, have a good trip. {bk10-l4c-f1-08.mp3}

Sam: Thanks. {bk10-l4c-f1-09.mp3}

# Source: LLA 4C Figure 1 (word choice)
$SELECT Complete the Dialog
ID: 10-4c-f1-select
REFERENCE: 10-4c-f1-dialogue
INTRO: Back through Sam and Jan's conversation, one word at a time. Tap the word that completes each line.
INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct word.

TEMPLATE: Sam: How ____ is it from Houston to Dallas?
OPTION: a | far
OPTION: b | near
ANSWER: a

TEMPLATE: Jan: Oh, it's ____ two hundred and fifty miles.
OPTION: a | among
OPTION: b | about
ANSWER: b

TEMPLATE: Sam: Could you find out the ____ number of miles for me?
OPTION: a | exact
OPTION: b | exactly
ANSWER: a

TEMPLATE: Jan: Well, in my opinion, Houston is more ____.
OPTION: a | pleasant
OPTION: b | pleased
ANSWER: a

# Source: LLA 4C Figure 1 (polite reply)
$PRODUCE Have a Good Trip!
ID: 10-4c-f1-polite
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
INTRO: Someone wishes you a good trip — don't just walk away. Say a polite reply aloud.
INSTRUCTION: Speak a polite reply.
RUBRIC: Accept any natural polite response thanking the speaker, such as "Thanks", "Thank you", or "Thanks, you too".

PROMPT: Well, have a good trip! {bk10-l4c-f1-08.mp3}
RESPONSE: Thanks. {bk10-l4c-f1-09.mp3}

# Source: LLA 4C Figure 2 (city names)
$DIALOGUE Cities on the Map {page_086_001.jpg|Map showing western US cities with flight durations and distances, including Sacramento, San Francisco, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, San Diego, and Phoenix}
ID: 10-4c-f2-cities
INTRO: Here's a map of the western United States with six cities and the distances between them. Listen and repeat each city name.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat each city name.
REPEAT

LINE: Sacramento {bk10-l4c-f2-01.mp3}

LINE: San Francisco {bk10-l4c-f2-02.mp3}

LINE: Las Vegas {bk10-l4c-f2-03.mp3}

LINE: Los Angeles {bk10-l4c-f2-04.mp3}

LINE: San Diego {bk10-l4c-f2-05.mp3}

LINE: Phoenix {bk10-l4c-f2-06.mp3}

# Source: LLA 4C Figure 2 (answers)
$PRODUCE How Far Is It? Miles and Hours {page_086_001.jpg|Map showing western US cities with flight durations and distances, including Sacramento, San Francisco, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, San Diego, and Phoenix}
ID: 10-4c-f2-answers
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
REPEAT
INTRO: Now read the map. Each question comes twice — answer once in miles, once in hours and minutes — then repeat the model answer.
INSTRUCTION: Answer aloud based on the map.

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: How far is it from San Diego to Los Angeles? {bk10-l4c-f2-07.mp3}
RESPONSE: It's 127 miles. {bk10-l4c-f2-08.mp3}

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: How far is it from San Diego to Los Angeles? {bk10-l4c-f2-09.mp3}
RESPONSE: It takes 2 hours and 50 minutes. {bk10-l4c-f2-10.mp3}

PROMPT: How far is it from San Diego to Phoenix? {bk10-l4c-f2-11.mp3}
RESPONSE: It's 353 miles. {bk10-l4c-f2-12.mp3}

PROMPT: How far is it from San Diego to Phoenix? {bk10-l4c-f2-13.mp3}
RESPONSE: It takes 7 hours and 35 minutes. {bk10-l4c-f2-14.mp3}

PROMPT: How far is it from Los Angeles to Sacramento? {bk10-l4c-f2-15.mp3}
RESPONSE: It's 386 miles. {bk10-l4c-f2-16.mp3}

PROMPT: How far is it from Los Angeles to Sacramento? {bk10-l4c-f2-17.mp3}
RESPONSE: It takes 8 hours to drive from Los Angeles to Sacramento. {bk10-l4c-f2-18.mp3}

PROMPT: How far is it from Los Angeles to Las Vegas? {bk10-l4c-f2-19.mp3}
RESPONSE: It's 276 miles. {bk10-l4c-f2-20.mp3}

PROMPT: How far is it from Los Angeles to Las Vegas? {bk10-l4c-f2-21.mp3}
RESPONSE: It takes 5 hours and 50 minutes. {bk10-l4c-f2-22.mp3}

PROMPT: How far is it from Los Angeles to Phoenix? {bk10-l4c-f2-23.mp3}
RESPONSE: It's 376 miles. {bk10-l4c-f2-24.mp3}

PROMPT: How far is it from Los Angeles to Phoenix? {bk10-l4c-f2-25.mp3}
RESPONSE: It takes 8 hours and 5 minutes. {bk10-l4c-f2-26.mp3}

# Source: LLA 4C Figure 2 (ask)
$PRODUCE Your Turn: Ask How Far {page_086_001.jpg|Map showing western US cities with flight durations and distances, including Sacramento, San Francisco, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, San Diego, and Phoenix}
ID: 10-4c-f2-ask
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
REPEAT
INTRO: Now you ask. You'll hear two city names — ask how far it is from the first city to the second, then repeat the model question.
INSTRUCTION: Ask the question aloud.

PROMPT: Las Vegas and Phoenix. {bk10-l4c-f2-27.mp3}
RESPONSE: How far is it from Las Vegas to Phoenix? {bk10-l4c-f2-28.mp3}

PROMPT: San Francisco and Sacramento. {bk10-l4c-f2-29.mp3}
RESPONSE: How far is it from San Francisco to Sacramento? {bk10-l4c-f2-30.mp3}

PROMPT: Los Angeles and Las Vegas. {bk10-l4c-f2-31.mp3}
RESPONSE: How far is it from Los Angeles to Las Vegas? {bk10-l4c-f2-32.mp3}

PROMPT: San Diego and Phoenix. {bk10-l4c-f2-33.mp3}
RESPONSE: How far is it from San Diego to Phoenix? {bk10-l4c-f2-34.mp3}

PROMPT: San Diego and Los Angeles. {bk10-l4c-f2-35.mp3}
RESPONSE: How far is it from San Diego to Los Angeles? {bk10-l4c-f2-36.mp3}

# Source: ST §How Far Is It to Uncle Steve's House?
$DIALOGUE How Far Is It to Aunt Julie's House?
ID: l4-s21
INTRO: Distance isn't always miles — sometimes it's "four and a half hours by plane" or "right outside the city". Listen and repeat these questions and answers.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat the questions and answers.
REPEAT

Dale: How far is it to Houston?
Erin: It's about 250 miles.

Dale: How far did Sgt Mitchell drive yesterday?
Erin: He drove 650 miles.

Dale: How far is it to San Francisco?
Erin: I don't know in miles, but it takes four and a half hours by plane.

Dale: How far is Aunt Julie's house?
Erin: It takes about thirty minutes to get there.

Dale: How far is it to your grandmother's house?
Erin: It's not far. She lives right outside the city.

# Source: ST §Miles Between Texas Cities
$GRAMMAR Miles Between Texas Cities
ID: l4-s22
INTRO: Here's a mileage table for four Texas cities, and the different ways to say the same distance — in miles, roughly, or in hours.

| | AUSTIN | DALLAS | HOUSTON | SAN ANTONIO |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| **AUSTIN** | — | 192 | 164 | 78 |
| **DALLAS** | 192 | — | 245 | 270 |
| **HOUSTON** | 164 | 245 | — | 197 |
| **SAN ANTONIO** | 78 | 270 | 197 | — |

**Ways to express distance and time:**
- {It's 270 miles from San Antonio to Dallas.}
- {It's about 270 miles.}
- {It takes about 5 hours to get there by car.}
- {It takes about an hour by plane.}

![A map of the United States showing major cities along with distances](st-page_152_001.jpg)

# Source: LLA 4C Figure 3 (conversation)
$DIALOGUE Going Shopping
ID: 10-4c-f3-dialogue
INTRO: Peggy has fifty dollars, loose shoes, and a plan that includes lunch. Listen to her conversation with Liz — questions follow.
INSTRUCTION: Listen to the conversation.

Peggy: Hi, Liz. {bk10-l4c-f3-01.mp3}
Liz: Hi, Peggy. {bk10-l4c-f3-02.mp3}
Peggy: Do you want to go shopping with me? I've got a little extra money, and I want to buy some black shoes. {bk10-l4c-f3-03.mp3}
Liz: Really? Where did you get the money? {bk10-l4c-f3-04.mp3}
Peggy: My parents sent me $50. {bk10-l4c-f3-05.mp3}
Liz: I thought you bought black shoes last month. {bk10-l4c-f3-06.mp3}
Peggy: I did. I bought them a little big because I don't like tight shoes, but now they're very loose. {bk10-l4c-f3-07.mp3}
Liz: Oh, loose shoes are awful to wear. {bk10-l4c-f3-08.mp3}
Peggy: How about lunch? I can take you to the Italian restaurant at the mall. {bk10-l4c-f3-09.mp3}
Liz: That sounds good, but will you have enough money? {bk10-l4c-f3-10.mp3}
Peggy: Sure. The shoes I want cost about $35. I'll have enough to pay for lunch. {bk10-l4c-f3-11.mp3}
Liz: Then let's hurry up. I'm getting hungry. {bk10-l4c-f3-12.mp3}

# Source: LLA 4C Figure 3 (questions)
$SELECT Questions About the Shopping Trip
ID: 10-4c-f3-questions
REFERENCE: 10-4c-f3-dialogue
INTRO: Now the details — including a little arithmetic about Peggy's fifty dollars. Listen to each question and tap the correct answer; the conversation is a tap away.
INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct answer.

PROMPT: Where are Liz and Peggy going? {bk10-l4c-f3-13.mp3}
OPTION: a | to school
OPTION: b | to the mall {bk10-l4c-f3-14.mp3}
OPTION: c | to the gym
ANSWER: b
FEEDBACK: Liz and Peggy are going to the mall. {bk10-l4c-f3-14.mp3}

PROMPT: Who gave Peggy some money? {bk10-l4c-f3-15.mp3}
OPTION: a | her parents {bk10-l4c-f3-16.mp3}
OPTION: b | her brother
OPTION: c | her aunt
ANSWER: a
FEEDBACK: Peggy's parents gave her the money. {bk10-l4c-f3-16-b.mp3}

PROMPT: What does Peggy want to buy? {bk10-l4c-f3-17.mp3}
OPTION: a | some clothes
OPTION: b | some shoes {bk10-l4c-f3-18.mp3}
OPTION: c | some books
ANSWER: b
FEEDBACK: Peggy wants to buy some shoes. {bk10-l4c-f3-18.mp3}

PROMPT: What's the matter with Peggy's old black shoes? {bk10-l4c-f3-19.mp3}
OPTION: a | They're very old.
OPTION: b | They're very tight.
OPTION: c | They're very loose. {bk10-l4c-f3-20.mp3}
ANSWER: c
FEEDBACK: Peggy's old shoes are very loose. {bk10-l4c-f3-20-b.mp3}

PROMPT: What is Peggy going to buy for Liz? {bk10-l4c-f3-21.mp3}
OPTION: a | some shoes
OPTION: b | some lunch {bk10-l4c-f3-22.mp3}
OPTION: c | a new book
ANSWER: b
FEEDBACK: Peggy is going to buy lunch for Liz. {bk10-l4c-f3-22-b.mp3}

PROMPT: How much money will Peggy have for lunch? {bk10-l4c-f3-23.mp3}
OPTION: a | $15.00 {bk10-l4c-f3-24.mp3}
OPTION: b | $5.00
OPTION: c | $10.00
ANSWER: a
FEEDBACK: Peggy should have $15 left after she pays for her shoes. {bk10-l4c-f3-24-b.mp3}

# Source: ST §Mr. Jacobs Writes Articles.
$DIALOGUE Mr. Jacobs Writes Articles
ID: l4-s8
INTRO: Meet Mr. Jacobs, a famous writer — libraries, weekend accidents, and the city water company all end up in his articles. Listen to the story about newspapers and magazines.
INSTRUCTION: Listen to the passage.

VOCAB: famous
VOCAB: writer
Narrator: Mr. Jacobs is a famous writer. {st-page_141_001.jpg|A newspaper titled "The Dallas News"}
Narrator: He lives in Dallas, but people everywhere know about him.
Narrator: He writes stories about different things.

VOCAB: article
VOCAB: newspaper
VOCAB: magazine
Narrator: Then, he sells these stories or articles to newspapers and magazines. {st-page_141_002.jpg|A small newspaper or magazine titled "WORLD NEWS"}
Narrator: You can find some of his articles in magazines all around the world.
Narrator: He also writes newspaper articles for his town paper.

VOCAB: news
Narrator: These articles are usually about local news.
Narrator: For example, last week he wrote an article about the new library for the south side of the city.
Narrator: Another article was about the high number of accidents on the weekends, and another was about the city water company.
Narrator: Articles for magazines are usually longer.
Narrator: Of course, it also takes Mr. Jacobs longer to write them.

VOCAB: to work on
Narrator: Right now he's working on an article about the American family in today's world.
Narrator: Mr. Jacobs enjoys his work very much.

# Source: LLA 4C Figure 4 (word list — kept as pronunciation reinforcement after the Mr. Jacobs sentence presentation)
$DIALOGUE Say the Reading Words
ID: 10-4c-f4-vocab
INTRO: Here are the reading words from Mr. Jacobs' story, one at a time with their pictures. Listen and repeat each one.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat each word.
REPEAT

LINE: A newspaper. {page_087_001.jpg|A drawing of a daily newspaper titled "The Dallas News"} {bk10-l4c-f4-01.mp3}

LINE: A magazine. {page_087_002.jpg|A magazine cover titled "WORLD NEWS"} {bk10-l4c-f4-02.mp3}

LINE: Articles. {bk10-l4c-f4-03.mp3}

LINE: Famous. {bk10-l4c-f4-04.mp3}

LINE: News. {bk10-l4c-f4-05.mp3}

# Source: LLA 4C Figure 4 (cloze)
$PRODUCE Newspapers and Magazines: Fill In the Words
ID: 10-4c-f4-cloze
INPUT: type
CHECK: exact
REPEAT
INTRO: Now use those words yourself. Complete each sentence with a word from the box — "articles", "famous", "magazines", "news", "newspapers" — then listen and repeat the complete sentence.
INSTRUCTION: Type the missing word(s).

PROMPT: Many people read newspapers every day. {bk10-l4c-f4-06.mp3}
TEMPLATE: Many people read ____ every day.
RESPONSE: Many people read newspapers every day.
ACCEPT: newspapers

PROMPT: The information or news in them is usually about something interesting or exciting. {bk10-l4c-f4-07.mp3}
TEMPLATE: The information or ____ in them is usually about something interesting or exciting.
RESPONSE: The information or news in them is usually about something interesting or exciting.
ACCEPT: news

PROMPT: There are magazines about many different kinds of things. {bk10-l4c-f4-08.mp3}
TEMPLATE: There are ____ about many different kinds of things.
RESPONSE: There are magazines about many different kinds of things.
ACCEPT: magazines

PROMPT: There are magazines about the news, about sports, about travel, and about famous people. {bk10-l4c-f4-09.mp3}
TEMPLATE: There are ____{magazines} about the news, about sports, about travel, and about ____{famous} people.
RESPONSE: There are magazines about the news, about sports, about travel, and about famous people.

PROMPT: The different kinds of information in magazines and newspapers are called articles. {bk10-l4c-f4-10.mp3}
TEMPLATE: The different kinds of information in magazines and newspapers are called ____.
RESPONSE: The different kinds of information in magazines and newspapers are called articles.
ACCEPT: articles

$SESSION 4-6: Small Talk and Review

# Source: LLA 4D Figure 1
$SELECT Pick the Best Answer
ID: 10-4d-f1
INTRO: This part pulls the whole lesson together — small talk, questions, sounds, and a dictation to finish. First: someone asks you a friendly question, and only one answer makes sense. Listen, tap the best answer, then repeat it.
INSTRUCTION: Tap the best answer.
REPEAT

PROMPT: Where do your folks live? {bk10-l4d-f1-01-q.mp3}
OPTION: a | My father wasn't at home.
OPTION: b | They live in Detroit. {bk10-l4d-f1-01-a.mp3}
OPTION: c | They left this morning.
ANSWER: b

PROMPT: What does your wife do? {bk10-l4d-f1-02-q.mp3}
OPTION: a | She's feeling much better, thank you.
OPTION: b | He's cooking supper right now.
OPTION: c | She's a school teacher. {bk10-l4d-f1-02-a.mp3}
ANSWER: c

PROMPT: What kind of work do you do? {bk10-l4d-f1-03-q.mp3}
OPTION: a | I'm a dentist. {bk10-l4d-f1-03-a.mp3}
OPTION: b | I'm going to New York next week.
OPTION: c | My parents live in New York.
ANSWER: a

PROMPT: How's your family? {bk10-l4d-f1-04-q.mp3}
OPTION: a | They own a clothing store.
OPTION: b | They're fine, thank you. {bk10-l4d-f1-04-a.mp3}
OPTION: c | They will take their vacation in June.
ANSWER: b

PROMPT: Do you have a large family? {bk10-l4d-f1-05-q.mp3}
OPTION: a | They don't live here.
OPTION: b | It was sunny yesterday.
OPTION: c | Yes. I have four brothers and three sisters. {bk10-l4d-f1-05-a.mp3}
ANSWER: c

# Source: LLA 4D Figure 2
$PRODUCE Ask the Question
ID: 10-4d-f2
INTRO: Now work backwards: you see the answer with the key words underlined, and you say the question that asked for it. Then repeat the model question.
INSTRUCTION: Ask the question aloud based on the underlined cue.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
REPEAT

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: My mother is a *dentist*.
RESPONSE: What does your mother do? {bk10-l4d-f2-ex.mp3}

TEMPLATE: My father is *feeling much better*, thank you.
RESPONSE: How's your father? {bk10-l4d-f2-01.mp3}

TEMPLATE: My brother wants a *job in sales*.
RESPONSE: What kind of job does your brother want? {bk10-l4d-f2-02.mp3}

TEMPLATE: It was *windy and cloudy* in Dallas.
RESPONSE: How was the weather in Dallas? {bk10-l4d-f2-03.mp3}

TEMPLATE: My children *are fine*, thank you.
RESPONSE: How are your children? {bk10-l4d-f2-04.mp3}

# Source: ST §Let's Talk About Our Families.
$DIALOGUE Small Talk: Families
ID: l4-s25
INTRO: Here's how people actually chat about family — short question, short answer, everyone's fine. Listen and repeat each exchange.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat these dialogs about families.
REPEAT

SpeakerA: How's your family?
SpeakerB: Fine, thank you. And yours?

SpeakerA: How're your children?
SpeakerB: They're all well, thank you.

SpeakerA: How's your wife?
SpeakerB: She's fine, thanks.

SpeakerA: How's your uncle feeling?
SpeakerB: He's better, thanks.

SpeakerA: How's the new baby?
SpeakerB: She's fine, thanks. Please come and see her.

SpeakerA: My daughter called last night.
SpeakerB: Did she have any news?

SpeakerA: I talked to my parents yesterday.
SpeakerB: How are they?

SpeakerA: How's your son Robert?
SpeakerB: He's fine. He has a new job.

# Source: ST §Let's Talk About the Weather.
$DIALOGUE Small Talk: The Weather
ID: l4-s26
INTRO: When there's nothing else to say, there's always the weather. Listen and repeat these little exchanges.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat these dialogs about the weather.
REPEAT

SpeakerA: How's the weather in Dallas?
SpeakerB: It's very pleasant right now.

SpeakerA: How do you like this rainy weather?
SpeakerB: It's good weather for my vegetables.

SpeakerA: Do you think it'll snow today?
SpeakerB: Yes, it may. Look at those clouds.

SpeakerA: When do you think the weather will change?
SpeakerB: I don't know, but I hope it rains soon.

SpeakerA: How's the weather in Houston?
SpeakerB: Very hot this time of year.

SpeakerA: That was a nice shower this afternoon.
SpeakerB: Yes, it cooled things off.

SpeakerA: Is it always this hot in Dallas?
SpeakerB: No, it's only hot in the summer.

SpeakerA: Is the weather colder in Houston or Dallas?
SpeakerB: It's colder in Dallas. In the winter it snows there.

# Source: ST §Let's Talk About Occupations.
$DIALOGUE Small Talk: Jobs
ID: l4-s27
INTRO: And the third great small-talk topic: work. Listen and repeat these exchanges about jobs — including one salesman who's still job hunting.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat these dialogs about occupations.
REPEAT

SpeakerA: What kind of work do you do?
SpeakerB: I'm a salesman. I sell cars.

SpeakerA: How's your work?
SpeakerB: Not good. I'm looking for another job.

SpeakerA: Do you have a job?
SpeakerB: No, I'm out of work right now.

SpeakerA: What kind of job do you have?
SpeakerB: I'm a taxi driver.

SpeakerA: Where do you work?
SpeakerB: I'm a secretary at the First State Bank.

SpeakerA: What are you working on?
SpeakerB: I'm writing an article for the Dallas Times.

SpeakerA: What kind of job are you looking for?
SpeakerB: I think I'd be a good salesman.

SpeakerA: What kind of work would you like to do?
SpeakerB: I'd like to be a nurse.

# SKIPPED (book): "OH, THEY'RE FINE" and "LET'S TALK." (ST pp. 149–151) — partner/group small talk practice with open-ended conversation cards; no solo path.
# SKIPPED (book): Listening Skill "LISTEN!" (ST p. 128) — instructor-read syllable stress discrimination with no printed words or audio stimulus; the cassette drill below covers the same skill.

# Source: LLA 4D Figure 3
$SELECT Hear the Strong Syllable
ID: 10-4d-f3
INTRO: Every English word has one part said louder and longer than the rest. Listen to each word and tap the number of its strongest part.
INSTRUCTION: Tap the number of the stressed syllable.
OPTION: 1 | 1st syllable
OPTION: 2 | 2nd syllable
OPTION: 3 | 3rd syllable
OPTION: 4 | 4th syllable

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: selection {bk10-l4d-f3-ex.mp3}
ANSWER: 2

PROMPT: introduction {bk10-l4d-f3-01.mp3}
ANSWER: 3

PROMPT: neighbor {bk10-l4d-f3-02.mp3}
ANSWER: 1

PROMPT: cafeteria {bk10-l4d-f3-03.mp3}
ANSWER: 3

PROMPT: variety {bk10-l4d-f3-04.mp3}
ANSWER: 2

PROMPT: machine {bk10-l4d-f3-05.mp3}
ANSWER: 2

PROMPT: operate {bk10-l4d-f3-06.mp3}
ANSWER: 1

PROMPT: favorite {bk10-l4d-f3-07.mp3}
ANSWER: 1

PROMPT: popular {bk10-l4d-f3-08.mp3}
ANSWER: 1

PROMPT: remove {bk10-l4d-f3-09.mp3}
ANSWER: 2

PROMPT: tighten {bk10-l4d-f3-10.mp3}
ANSWER: 1

PROMPT: enough {bk10-l4d-f3-11.mp3}
ANSWER: 2

PROMPT: inflate {bk10-l4d-f3-12.mp3}
ANSWER: 2

PROMPT: loosen {bk10-l4d-f3-13.mp3}
ANSWER: 1

PROMPT: replace {bk10-l4d-f3-14.mp3}
ANSWER: 2

# Source: LLA 4D Figure 4 (reading)
$GRAMMAR A Letter to Jane
ID: 10-4d-f4-reading
READING
INTRO: Frank missed Jane's party, and this letter explains why — it involves a lot of overtime and a missing sandwich machine. Read it; "be able to" questions follow.

CARD: **June 5, 1988**\nDear Jane:\nI couldn't go to your party last weekend because I had to work late on Sunday. Usually, I'm finished at the store by 5:30, but last weekend I had a lot of extra work. I couldn't leave the store until 8 PM.

CARD: By that time, I was very tired and hungry. I tried to buy a sandwich, but I couldn't find a sandwich vending machine.

CARD: Finally I stopped looking. I went home without supper. After I got home and changed clothes, it was very late.

CARD: I know you had a good party. I'm sorry I didn't go.

CARD: I won't have to go to work on Tuesday and Wednesday of next week. I can go to a restaurant and a movie on Tuesday. Would you like to do that? Call me on Monday.\n\nYour friend,\nFrank.

# Source: LLA 4D Figure 4 (questions)
$PRODUCE Questions About Frank's Letter
ID: 10-4d-f4
REFERENCE: 10-4d-f4-reading
INTRO: Remember "be able to" from earlier in the lesson? Frank's whole weekend runs on it. Answer each question aloud in a complete sentence, then repeat the model answer — the letter stays open beside you.
INSTRUCTION: Answer the question aloud.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
REPEAT

PROMPT: Was Frank able to go to Jane's party? {bk10-l4d-f4-01-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, he wasn't able to go to Jane's party. {bk10-l4d-f4-01-a.mp3}

PROMPT: When was Frank able to leave the store? {bk10-l4d-f4-02-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: He was able to leave after 8. {bk10-l4d-f4-02-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Was Frank able to buy a sandwich? {bk10-l4d-f4-03-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, he wasn't able to buy a sandwich. {bk10-l4d-f4-03-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Why wasn't Frank able to eat that night? {bk10-l4d-f4-04-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: He wasn't able to eat because he couldn't find a sandwich vending machine. {bk10-l4d-f4-04-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Where will Frank be able to go on Tuesday night? {bk10-l4d-f4-05-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: He'll be able to go to a restaurant and movie on Tuesday night. {bk10-l4d-f4-05-a.mp3}

# Source: ST §Select a Word: Mark (gap answer sets aligned with the story facts — "returned a book" determines the library)
$PRODUCE Choose the Word: Mark's Day
ID: l4-s23
INTRO: A tiny detective story: read the whole thing before you type, because the last sentence tells you where Mark really went. Type the word that fits each blank.
INSTRUCTION: Complete the paragraph by typing the correct words.
INPUT: type
CHECK: exact

TEMPLATE: Mark's ____{arm|leg|finger} (finger / leg / arm) is broken.
RESPONSE: Mark's arm is broken.

TEMPLATE: David took him to the ____{library} (school / library / mess hall).
RESPONSE: David took him to the library.

TEMPLATE: They both ____{studied} (ate / studied / slept) while they were there.
RESPONSE: They both studied while they were there.

TEMPLATE: And Mark returned ____{a book} (some money / some soup / a book).
RESPONSE: And Mark returned a book.

# Source: ST §Select a Word: Phil
$PRODUCE Choose the Word: Phil Needs Money
ID: l4-s24
INTRO: Phil needs cash and the bank is closed — modern problems, 1980s edition. Type the word from the choices that fits each blank.
INSTRUCTION: Complete the story by typing the correct words from the choices.
INPUT: type
CHECK: exact

TEMPLATE: Phil needed some ____{money} (money / food / books).
RESPONSE: Phil needed some money.

TEMPLATE: He went to the ____{bank} (library / store / bank), but it was ____{closed} (closed / open / quiet).
RESPONSE: He went to the bank, but it was closed.

TEMPLATE: He asked a man for some ____{advice} (advice / food / newspapers).
RESPONSE: He asked a man for some advice.

TEMPLATE: The man said, "Use the ____{machine} (desk / machine / salad) for ____{withdrawals} (dessert / dictionary / withdrawals) or ____{deposits} (cakes / library books / deposits)."
RESPONSE: The man said, "Use the machine for withdrawals or deposits."

# Source: LLA 4D Figure 5
$PRODUCE Type What You Hear
ID: 10-4d-f5
INTRO: Last stop: a short story about a very good neighbor. Type each sentence exactly as you hear it — and that's the whole lesson. Families, jobs, weather, distances: you can talk about all of them now.
INSTRUCTION: Type the sentence you hear.
INPUT: type
CHECK: exact

PROMPT: Mrs. Wright is my neighbor. {bk10-l4d-f5-01.mp3}
RESPONSE: Mrs. Wright is my neighbor. {bk10-l4d-f5-01.mp3}

PROMPT: We live in the same apartment building. {bk10-l4d-f5-02.mp3}
RESPONSE: We live in the same apartment building. {bk10-l4d-f5-02.mp3}

PROMPT: She lives alone. {bk10-l4d-f5-03.mp3}
RESPONSE: She lives alone. {bk10-l4d-f5-03.mp3}

PROMPT: Sometimes I take her shopping. {bk10-l4d-f5-04.mp3}
RESPONSE: Sometimes I take her shopping. {bk10-l4d-f5-04.mp3}

PROMPT: I help her with her packages. {bk10-l4d-f5-05.mp3}
RESPONSE: I help her with her packages. {bk10-l4d-f5-05.mp3}

PROMPT: We live upstairs, and it's hard to take packages up the stairs. {bk10-l4d-f5-06.mp3}
RESPONSE: We live upstairs, and it's hard to take packages up the stairs. {bk10-l4d-f5-06.mp3}

PROMPT: She says that I am a very polite person. {bk10-l4d-f5-07.mp3}
RESPONSE: She says that I am a very polite person. {bk10-l4d-f5-07.mp3}

PROMPT: The other day I wrote down my phone number on some paper. {bk10-l4d-f5-08.mp3}
RESPONSE: The other day I wrote down my phone number on some paper. {bk10-l4d-f5-08.mp3}

PROMPT: I stuck it on her table near her phone. {bk10-l4d-f5-09.mp3}
RESPONSE: I stuck it on her table near her phone. {bk10-l4d-f5-09.mp3}

PROMPT: I told her to call me when she needed anything. {bk10-l4d-f5-10.mp3}
RESPONSE: I told her to call me when she needed anything. {bk10-l4d-f5-10.mp3}

PROMPT: She was pleased and thanked me. {bk10-l4d-f5-11.mp3}
RESPONSE: She was pleased and thanked me. {bk10-l4d-f5-11.mp3}

PROMPT: It feels good to be able to help someone. {bk10-l4d-f5-12.mp3}
RESPONSE: It feels good to be able to help someone. {bk10-l4d-f5-12.mp3}