$MODULE Book 4 · Lesson 1: Sports, Games, and the Simple Past {st-page_003_001.jpg}
FORMAT: 2
DESCRIPTION: Sports and games vocabulary, cities and daily routines, and the simple past tense — statements, negatives, questions, and short answers — with pronunciation and dictation practice.
TARGET_LANG_G: en
HOME_LANG_G: en
VOICE_DEFAULT: aoede | Clear, friendly American English narrator
VOICE_INTRO: aoede | Speak like a friendly narrator
VOICE_PROMPT: gacrux | Questions and cues, read clearly
VOICE_RESPONSE: schedar | Model answers, warm and clear
VOICE: Mike | algieba | Male student
VOICE: Jim | iapetus | Male student
VOICE: Man1 | achird | Male
VOICE: Man2 | schedar | Male
VOICE: Sam | charon | Male
VOICE: David | alnilam | Male student
VOICE: Robert | achird | Male student
VOICE: Andrew | schedar | Male student
VOICE: Burt | achird | Male student
VOICE: ID | achernar | speaker (auto)

$LESSON 1-1: Sports and Games

# Source: LLA 1A Figure 1 (ST "They Play Sports" dropped — TTS twin of this cassette presentation; its images live on in "Ask About the Sport")
$DIALOGUE Playing Sports and Games
ID: 1a-f1
INTRO: In this lesson you'll learn to talk about sports and games — and, before it's over, to say what happened yesterday. First, the games themselves. Listen and repeat each new word and sentence.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
REPEAT
VOCAB: play
VOCAB: game
VOCAB: ball
LINE: The children play a game with their ball. They play a ballgame. {page_007_001.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f1-01.mp3}

VOCAB: football
LINE: Sam plays football every day. {page_007_002.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f1-02.mp3}

VOCAB: baseball
LINE: George plays baseball on weekends. {page_007_003.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f1-03.mp3}

VOCAB: tennis
LINE: They play tennis after class. {page_007_004.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f1-04.mp3}

VOCAB: soccer
LINE: Carlos plays soccer on Saturdays. {page_007_005.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f1-05.mp3}

VOCAB: basketball
LINE: Carl played basketball at school. {page_007_006.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f1-06.mp3}

VOCAB: sports
LINE: Soccer and basketball are sports too. {bk04-l1a-f1-07.mp3}

# Source: ST §Do You Like Sports?
$DIALOGUE Do You Like Sports?
ID: l1-s2
INTRO: Some people like sports. Some people, mysteriously, don't. Here's how to say both. Listen and repeat.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat these sentences.
REPEAT

LINE: I like tennis.
LINE: Dan likes soccer.
LINE: They like football.
LINE: Do you like baseball?
LINE: She doesn't like sports.

# Source: LLA 1A Figure 2
$SELECT Which Game Is It?
ID: 1a-f2
INTRO: You'll hear a sentence about one of the games or sports. Tap the picture it matches.
INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct picture.
OPTION: a | ball {page_008_001.jpg}
OPTION: b | football {page_008_002.jpg}
OPTION: c | baseball {page_008_003.jpg}
OPTION: d | tennis {page_008_004.jpg}
OPTION: e | soccer {page_008_005.jpg}
OPTION: f | basketball {page_008_006.jpg}

PROMPT: Tony and Jim watch soccer games on TV. {bk04-l1a-f2-01.mp3}
ANSWER: e

PROMPT: Betty and Jane are playing tennis. {bk04-l1a-f2-02.mp3}
ANSWER: d

PROMPT: Mark plays baseball. {bk04-l1a-f2-03.mp3}
ANSWER: c

PROMPT: My children play with a ball after school. {bk04-l1a-f2-04.mp3}
ANSWER: a

PROMPT: The basketball game is at eight o'clock tonight. {bk04-l1a-f2-05.mp3}
ANSWER: f

# Source: LLA 1A Figure 3
$SELECT Does He Like It?
ID: 1a-f3
INTRO: Now for likes and dislikes. Listen to a short exchange, tap the statement that matches it, then repeat the correct answer.
INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct sentence.
REPEAT

PROMPT: John, do you like football games? — No, I don't. {bk04-l1a-f3-01.mp3}
OPTION: a | John likes football games.
OPTION: b | John doesn't like football games. {bk04-l1a-f3-02.mp3}
ANSWER: b

PROMPT: Jack and Joe, do you like sports? — Yes, we do. {bk04-l1a-f3-03.mp3}
OPTION: a | Jack and Joe like sports. {bk04-l1a-f3-04.mp3}
OPTION: b | Jack and Joe don't like sports.
ANSWER: a

PROMPT: Mr. Adams, do you like basketball? — Yes, I do. {bk04-l1a-f3-05.mp3}
OPTION: a | Mr. Adams likes basketball. {bk04-l1a-f3-06.mp3}
OPTION: b | Mr. Adams doesn't like basketball.
ANSWER: a

PROMPT: Do you like baseball? — No, we don't. {bk04-l1a-f3-07.mp3}
OPTION: a | They like baseball.
OPTION: b | They don't like baseball. {bk04-l1a-f3-08.mp3}
ANSWER: b

PROMPT: Donna, do you like tennis? — Yes, I do. {bk04-l1a-f3-09.mp3}
OPTION: a | Donna likes tennis. {bk04-l1a-f3-10.mp3}
OPTION: b | Donna doesn't like tennis.
ANSWER: a

# Source: ST §What Do They Like To Do?
$DIALOGUE What They Like to Do
ID: l1-s4
INTRO: "Like" plus another verb: like to play, like to watch. Listen and repeat the words and sentences.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
REPEAT

VOCAB: like to
LINE: Joe likes to play baseball. {st-page_007_001.jpg}

LINE: The children like to play with a ball. {st-page_007_002.jpg}

LINE: Kate and Sue like to go to football games. {st-page_007_003.jpg}

LINE: Mr. and Mrs. Adams like to watch games on television. {st-page_007_004.jpg}

# Source: LLA 1A Figure 4
$PRODUCE Answer About Their Likes
ID: 1a-f4
INTRO: Read the statement on the screen, then listen to the question and answer it aloud with "like to". The tape will confirm your answer.
INSTRUCTION: Answer aloud based on the reading.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
REPEAT

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: The children play ball in the afternoon.
PROMPT: What do the children like to do in the afternoon? {bk04-l1a-f4-01.mp3}
RESPONSE: The children like to play ball in the afternoon. {bk04-l1a-f4-02.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Sue and Kate go to football games on weekends.
PROMPT: What do Sue and Kate like to do on weekends? {bk04-l1a-f4-03.mp3}
RESPONSE: They like to go to football games on weekends. {bk04-l1a-f4-04.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Jim swims at the base on Saturdays.
PROMPT: What does Jim like to do on Saturdays? {bk04-l1a-f4-05.mp3}
RESPONSE: Jim likes to swim at the base on Saturdays. {bk04-l1a-f4-06.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Mr. and Mrs. Adams play tennis every morning.
PROMPT: What do Mr. and Mrs. Adams like to do every morning? {bk04-l1a-f4-07.mp3}
RESPONSE: Mr. and Mrs. Adams like to play tennis every morning. {bk04-l1a-f4-08.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Jack watches basketball on Fridays.
PROMPT: What does Jack like to watch on Fridays? {bk04-l1a-f4-09.mp3}
RESPONSE: Jack likes to watch basketball on Fridays. {bk04-l1a-f4-10.mp3}

# Source: ST §What Sport...?
$PRODUCE Ask About the Sport
ID: l1-s3
INTRO: Now you ask the questions. For each picture, ask what sport the people like, and answer it — say both parts aloud.
INSTRUCTION: Ask a question with "what" and answer it.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
RUBRIC: Accept any correct "what" question about the sport with a matching answer (e.g. "What sport do the boys like? They like football.").

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: {st-page_005_001.jpg}
RESPONSE: What sport do the boys like? They like football.

PROMPT: {st-page_005_002.jpg}
RESPONSE: What sport do Betty and Joan like? They like tennis.

PROMPT: {st-page_005_003.jpg}
RESPONSE: What sport do Dan and Ron like? They like soccer.

PROMPT: {st-page_006_001.jpg}
RESPONSE: What sport do the boys like? They like basketball.

PROMPT: {st-page_006_002.jpg}
RESPONSE: What sport does Joe like? He likes baseball.

# Source: ST §Come and See the Game
$DIALOGUE Come and See the Game
ID: l1-s10
INTRO: David has a soccer game this afternoon, and Robert is coming to watch. Listen and repeat each line.
INSTRUCTION: Repeat and read the dialog.
REPEAT

David: Hi, Robert. Do you like soccer?
Robert: Yes, I do.
David: We have a soccer game this afternoon.
Robert: I want to see it. What time?
David: At six.
Robert: All right. See you at six.
David: Okay.

# Source: ST §Come and Play
$DIALOGUE Come and Play
ID: l1-s11
INTRO: Andrew plays baseball "sometimes." Burt is about to fix that. Listen and repeat each line.
INSTRUCTION: Repeat and read the dialog.
REPEAT

Andrew: Do you like baseball?
Burt: Yes, I do. Do you play?
Andrew: Sometimes.
Burt: We play baseball on the weekends.
Andrew: When do you play?
Burt: Saturday mornings. Do you want to play?
Andrew: All right.

# SKIPPED (book, ST): Listening-skill /j/-/y/ drills — "SAME/DIFFERENT" (circle S/D) and
# "JET / YET" (circle the sound heard). Instructor-read minimal-pair discrimination with no
# recorded stimulus and no given word pairs. Convertible later with chosen items + TTS.
# SKIPPED (book, ST): "LET'S PLAY SOCCER" — open pair dialog completed with a classmate;
# no solo path, and $CHAT is unsupported. Revisit when $CHAT is supported.

# Source: LLA 1A Figure 7
$SELECT The J Sound or the Y Sound?
ID: 1a-f7
INTRO: A quick ear check. If you hear the "j" sound as in jet, tap the first option. If you hear the "y" sound as in yet, tap the second.
INSTRUCTION: Tap the sound you hear.
OPTION: a | j (as in jet)
OPTION: b | y (as in yet)

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: jam {bk04-l1a-f7-01.mp3}
ANSWER: a

PROMPT: joke {bk04-l1a-f7-02.mp3}
ANSWER: a

PROMPT: year {bk04-l1a-f7-03.mp3}
ANSWER: b

PROMPT: you {bk04-l1a-f7-04.mp3}
ANSWER: b

PROMPT: jaw {bk04-l1a-f7-05.mp3}
ANSWER: a

PROMPT: join {bk04-l1a-f7-06.mp3}
ANSWER: a

PROMPT: yes {bk04-l1a-f7-07.mp3}
ANSWER: b

PROMPT: yard {bk04-l1a-f7-08.mp3}
ANSWER: b

PROMPT: juice {bk04-l1a-f7-09.mp3}
ANSWER: a

PROMPT: jay {bk04-l1a-f7-10.mp3}
ANSWER: a

PROMPT: use {bk04-l1a-f7-11.mp3}
ANSWER: b

# Source: ST §Speaking Skill: Jet and Yet
$DIALOGUE Saying Jet and Yet
ID: l1-s9
INTRO: You've heard the difference — now say it. Repeat each pair and keep the two sounds apart.
INSTRUCTION: Repeat the words. Focus on the sounds.
REPEAT

LINE: jet ... yet
LINE: jarred ... yard
LINE: jay ... yea
LINE: jam ... yam
LINE: jaw ... yaw
LINE: joke ... yolk
LINE: juice ... use
LINE: jack ... yak
LINE: jot ... yacht
LINE: jeer ... year

$LESSON 1-2: Cities, Towns, and Daily Routines

# Source: ST §New York City Is a Very Big City
$DIALOGUE Big Cities {st-page_008_001.jpg}
ID: l1-s5
INTRO: In this part you'll learn to talk about cities, towns, and what people do all week long. First, some big cities. Listen and repeat.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat the sentences.
REPEAT

VOCAB: city
LINE: San Antonio is a city in the United States.

LINE: It's a city in Texas.

VOCAB: cities
LINE: Houston and Dallas are cities in Texas, too.

LINE: New York and Chicago are big cities.

LINE: Cities have tall buildings.

LINE: Los Angeles is a city in California.

LINE: What's the name of your city?

# Source: LLA 1A Figure 5
$DIALOGUE Cities and Towns in Texas {page_010_001.jpg}
ID: 1a-f5
INTRO: You'll see a map of Texas. Listen and repeat the sentences about its cities and towns.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
REPEAT

LINE: The city of Houston, the city of Dallas, the city of San Antonio. {bk04-l1a-f5-01.mp3}

VOCAB: town
LINE: The King family lives in a small town. {bk04-l1a-f5-02.mp3}

LINE: The Soto family lives in the city of Dallas. {bk04-l1a-f5-03.mp3}

LINE: Sometimes, the King family visits the Soto family in Dallas. {bk04-l1a-f5-04.mp3}

LINE: Los Angeles, New York, and Chicago are also big cities. These cities are not in Texas. {bk04-l1a-f5-05.mp3}

# Source: ST §This Is Downtown
$DIALOGUE Downtown {st-page_009_001.jpg}
ID: l1-s6
INTRO: Downtown is where the tall buildings are — and the good restaurants. Listen and repeat the new words and sentences.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
REPEAT

VOCAB: live
LINE: I live in the city.

LINE: My friend George doesn't live in a city. He lives in a small town.

VOCAB: restaurant
LINE: They have good food in that restaurant.

VOCAB: cook
LINE: The cook in that restaurant cooks good food.

VOCAB: downtown
LINE: The tall buildings are downtown.

VOCAB: visit
LINE: Mary likes to visit downtown.

VOCAB: start
VOCAB: start to
LINE: My English class starts at 7:30 a.m. We start to study new words at 8:00 a.m.

VOCAB: end
LINE: My class ends at 2:15.

# Source: LLA 1A Figure 6
$SELECT Understanding Short Talks
ID: 1a-f6
INTRO: Listen to a short context and a question about living, working, and visiting. Tap the correct answer, then repeat it.
INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct answer.
REPEAT

PROMPT: My sister has a house in San Antonio. She works in San Antonio. What does she do in San Antonio? {bk04-l1a-f6-01.mp3}
OPTION: a | She works in San Antonio. {bk04-l1a-f6-02.mp3}
OPTION: b | She plays sports in San Antonio.
ANSWER: a

PROMPT: Joe lives in New York City. Where does he live? {bk04-l1a-f6-03.mp3}
OPTION: a | He lives in a small town.
OPTION: b | He lives in a big city. {bk04-l1a-f6-04.mp3}
ANSWER: b

PROMPT: Jacksonville is not on the map. It's very small. Is it a city or a town? {bk04-l1a-f6-05.mp3}
OPTION: a | It's a town. {bk04-l1a-f6-06.mp3}
OPTION: b | It's a city.
ANSWER: a

PROMPT: Mary is at her friend's house. They are talking. What's Mary doing? {bk04-l1a-f6-07.mp3}
OPTION: a | Mary is sleeping.
OPTION: b | Mary is visiting her friend. {bk04-l1a-f6-08.mp3}
ANSWER: b

# Source: ST §They Visit Every Month
$DIALOGUE They Visit Every Month
ID: l1-s7
INTRO: Joe lives in the city. His parents don't — but once a month, they arrive. Read along as you listen; questions follow.
INSTRUCTION: Read the paragraphs.

LINE: Joe lives in the city of San Antonio.
LINE: His father and mother don't live in the city.
LINE: They live in the small town of Castroville.

LINE: Every month, they come to the city and visit Joe.

LINE: Their visit always starts on a Friday and ends on a Sunday.

LINE: On Saturday nights, they go to a good restaurant. {st-page_010_001.jpg}
LINE: Sometimes, they go to Lugo's Italian Restaurant. {st-page_010_001.jpg}
LINE: They know Mr. Lugo. He cooks very good food. {st-page_010_001.jpg}

# Source: ST §Answer the Questions (INPUT changed from type to speak — full-sentence answers)
$PRODUCE Answer About Joe's Family
ID: l1-s8
REFERENCE
INTRO: Answer the questions about Joe and his parents in full sentences. You can open the reading again if a detail escapes you.
INSTRUCTION: Answer the questions about the paragraphs.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
SHOW_PROMPT
RUBRIC: Treat the model answer as the factual key; accept any phrasing or short form of the same fact(s).

PROMPT: Where do Joe's father and mother live?
RESPONSE: They live in the small town of Castroville.

PROMPT: Where does Joe live?
RESPONSE: Joe lives in the city of San Antonio.

PROMPT: When does their visit always start?
RESPONSE: Their visit always starts on a Friday.

PROMPT: When does it end?
RESPONSE: It ends on a Sunday.

PROMPT: Where do they go on Saturday nights?
RESPONSE: On Saturday nights, they go to a good restaurant.

PROMPT: What restaurant do they sometimes go to?
RESPONSE: Sometimes, they go to Lugo's Italian Restaurant.

PROMPT: Does Mr. Lugo cook good food?
RESPONSE: Yes, he cooks very good food.

# Source: ST §They Do It All the Time
$DIALOGUE They Do It All the Time
ID: l1-s12
INTRO: From 10:30 at night to 6:30 in the morning — that's all night long. Here's how to say things last a long time. Listen and repeat.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat the sentences.
REPEAT

VOCAB: all
LINE: James sleeps from 10:30 p.m. to 6:30 a.m. He sleeps all night long. {st-page_014_001.jpg}

VOCAB: long
LINE: Mr. Wilson works every work day of the year. He works all year long. {st-page_015_001.jpg}

VOCAB: cleans up
LINE: Tim cleans up his room on Saturdays. He cleans all morning long. {st-page_015_002.jpg}

VOCAB: show
LINE: The children like to watch Mr. Roberts' show on TV. They watch shows all morning long. {st-page_015_003.jpg}

# Source: LLA 1A Figure 8
$DIALOGUE Linda's Routine
ID: 1a-f8
INTRO: Meet Linda. She works all week, and on Saturdays she cleans and cooks for her friends — a busy woman. Just listen.
INSTRUCTION: Listen to the paragraph.

LINE: This is Linda. {page_012_001.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f8-01.mp3}

LINE: Linda works in an office. {page_012_001.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f8-02.mp3}

LINE: She works from Monday to Friday. {page_012_001.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f8-03.mp3}

LINE: Linda works all week long. {page_012_001.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f8-04.mp3}

LINE: On Saturdays, Linda gets up early. {page_012_002.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f8-05.mp3}

LINE: She starts to clean her house at eight o'clock. {page_012_002.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f8-06.mp3}

LINE: Linda cleans her house all morning long. {page_012_002.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f8-07.mp3}

LINE: After she cleans, she starts to cook. {page_012_003.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f8-08.mp3}

LINE: Linda likes to cook a big dinner for her friends. {page_012_003.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f8-09.mp3}

LINE: She starts to cook the meal at 2 p.m. {page_012_003.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f8-10.mp3}

LINE: Linda cooks all afternoon long. {page_012_003.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f8-11.mp3}

LINE: Her friends come at 6:30. {page_012_004.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f8-12.mp3}

LINE: Sometimes they watch a show on TV. {page_012_004.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f8-13.mp3}

LINE: Sometimes they talk. {page_012_004.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f8-14.mp3}

LINE: Linda likes their visits very much. {page_012_004.jpg} {bk04-l1a-f8-15.mp3}

# Source: LLA 1A Figure 8 (comprehension)
$SELECT Linda's Week
ID: 1a-f8-b
REFERENCE
INTRO: Now, how well do you know Linda's week? Tap the word or phrase that completes each sentence, then repeat the full sentence.
INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct option.
REPEAT

TEMPLATE: Linda works...
OPTION: a | all night long
OPTION: b | all week long {bk04-l1a-f8-16.mp3}
ANSWER: b

TEMPLATE: On Saturdays, she ___ her house.
OPTION: a | cleans {bk04-l1a-f8-17.mp3}
OPTION: b | cooks
ANSWER: a

TEMPLATE: She ___ a big dinner.
OPTION: a | cleans
OPTION: b | cooks {bk04-l1a-f8-18.mp3}
ANSWER: b

TEMPLATE: She ___ to cook the meal at 2:00.
OPTION: a | starts {bk04-l1a-f8-19.mp3}
OPTION: b | ends
ANSWER: a

TEMPLATE: Sometimes they watch a ___ on TV.
OPTION: a | game
OPTION: b | show {bk04-l1a-f8-20.mp3}
ANSWER: b

TEMPLATE: Linda likes her friends' ___ very much.
OPTION: a | visits {bk04-l1a-f8-21.mp3}
OPTION: b | houses
ANSWER: a

# Source: ST §Make Sentences (recast — bare time-phrase cues became grounded sentence completions to avoid single-cue invention)
$PRODUCE Say How Long
ID: l1-s13
INTRO: Read each situation and finish the sentence aloud with an "all ... long" phrase — all morning, all week, all year.
INSTRUCTION: Complete the sentence with "all ... long".
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: James sleeps from 10:30 p.m. to 6:30 a.m. — He sleeps ____.
RESPONSE: He sleeps all night long.

TEMPLATE: Mr. Wilson works every work day of the year. — He works ____.
RESPONSE: He works all year long.

TEMPLATE: Linda works from Monday to Friday. — She works ____.
RESPONSE: She works all week long.

TEMPLATE: Tim starts to clean his room at 8:00 and ends at noon. — He cleans ____.
RESPONSE: He cleans all morning long.

TEMPLATE: Linda starts to cook at 2:00, and her friends come at 6:30. — She cooks ____.
RESPONSE: She cooks all afternoon long.

TEMPLATE: The children watch TV from dinner until bedtime. — They watch TV ____.
RESPONSE: They watch TV all evening long.

TEMPLATE: The boys play baseball from morning until night. — They play ____.
RESPONSE: They play all day long.

$LESSON 1-3: The Simple Past Tense

# Source: ST §Grammar — Simple Past Tense
$GRAMMAR The Simple Past Tense
ID: l1-s14
INTRO: Here's this lesson's big point: add "-ed" to a verb to say what already happened. The ending has three sounds — you'll meet each one, then drill it.

**Simple Present vs. Simple Past**

| | |
|---|---|
| SIMPLE PRESENT: | We {walk} to class every day. |
| **SIMPLE PAST:** | **We {walked} to class yesterday.** |
| SIMPLE PRESENT: | He {walks} to class every day. |
| **SIMPLE PAST:** | **He {walked} to class yesterday.** |

**1. Spelling: verb + -ed = simple past**

* {play} + ed = {played}
* {walk} + ed = {walked}
* {close} + d = {closed}
* {study} + ed = {studied}

**2. Pronunciation of -ed:**

* **GROUP I (/d/):** {answered}, {circled}, {cleaned}, {closed}, {learned}, {listened}, {lived}, {memorized}, {opened}, {played}, {reviewed}, {shaved}, {spelled}, {studied}
* **GROUP II (/t/):** {asked}, {checked}, {cooked}, {liked}, {looked}, {looked up}, {marked}, {talked}, {walked}, {watched}, {worked}
* **GROUP III (/Id/):** {corrected}, {ended}, {repeated}, {selected}, {started}, {visited}, {wanted}

# Source: LLA 1B Figure 1
$DIALOGUE -ED Endings: The D Sound
ID: 1b-f1
INTRO: Mary lived in Spain last year. "Lived" ends with a D sound. Listen and repeat these past tense verbs.
INSTRUCTION: Repeat each word.
REPEAT

LINE: answered {bk04-l1b-f1-01.mp3}
LINE: circled {bk04-l1b-f1-02.mp3}
LINE: cleaned {bk04-l1b-f1-03.mp3}
LINE: closed {bk04-l1b-f1-04.mp3}
LINE: learned {bk04-l1b-f1-05.mp3}
LINE: listened {bk04-l1b-f1-06.mp3}
LINE: lived {bk04-l1b-f1-07.mp3}
LINE: memorized {bk04-l1b-f1-08.mp3}
LINE: opened {bk04-l1b-f1-09.mp3}
LINE: played {bk04-l1b-f1-10.mp3}
LINE: reviewed {bk04-l1b-f1-11.mp3}
LINE: shaved {bk04-l1b-f1-12.mp3}
LINE: spelled {bk04-l1b-f1-13.mp3}
LINE: studied {bk04-l1b-f1-14.mp3}

# Source: ST §Group I Pronunciation
$PRODUCE Past Tense Practice: Group I (/d/)
ID: l1-s15
INTRO: Change each sentence to the simple past, using the time cue in parentheses. All of these verbs end with the D sound.
INSTRUCTION: Change the sentences to simple past tense.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
SHOW_PROMPT

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: Mary *studies* French *every day*. (last month)
RESPONSE: Mary *studied* French *last month*.

PROMPT: Dan *learns* new words *every day*. (yesterday)
RESPONSE: Dan learned new words yesterday.

PROMPT: Pat *listens* to the radio *in the morning*. (yesterday morning)
RESPONSE: Pat listened to the radio yesterday morning.

PROMPT: Sam *opens* the window *at night*. (last night)
RESPONSE: Sam opened the window last night.

PROMPT: Dick *shaves* *every morning*. (yesterday morning)
RESPONSE: Dick shaved yesterday morning.

PROMPT: Lana *memorizes* new words *every day*. (yesterday)
RESPONSE: Lana memorized new words yesterday.

PROMPT: The teacher *reviews* the old words *every day*. (yesterday)
RESPONSE: The teacher reviewed the old words yesterday.

# Source: LLA 1B Figure 4 (all Group I verbs — placed with the /d/ block)
$PRODUCE Type the Past Tense: D Sound
ID: 1b-f4
INTRO: Type the past tense form of the verb in parentheses, then listen and repeat the sentence.
INSTRUCTION: Type the correct past tense verb.
INPUT: type
CHECK: exact
REPEAT

TEMPLATE: Peter ____ up his room last weekend. (clean)
RESPONSE: Peter cleaned up his room last weekend. {bk04-l1b-f4-01.mp3}
ACCEPT: cleaned

TEMPLATE: Danny ____ the window this morning. (open)
RESPONSE: Danny opened the window this morning. {bk04-l1b-f4-02.mp3}
ACCEPT: opened

TEMPLATE: Claire ____ French last year. (study)
RESPONSE: Claire studied French last year. {bk04-l1b-f4-03.mp3}
ACCEPT: studied

TEMPLATE: Mr. and Mrs. Adams ____ in Houston 5 years ago. (live)
RESPONSE: Mr. and Mrs. Adams lived in Houston 5 years ago. {bk04-l1b-f4-04.mp3}
ACCEPT: lived

TEMPLATE: The airmen ____ two games last week. (play)
RESPONSE: The airmen played two games last week. {bk04-l1b-f4-05.mp3}
ACCEPT: played

# Source: LLA 1B Figure 1 (continued)
$DIALOGUE -ED Endings: The T Sound
ID: 1b-f1-b
INTRO: Mark talked to his friends. "Talked" ends with a T sound. Listen and repeat.
INSTRUCTION: Repeat each word.
REPEAT

LINE: cooked {bk04-l1b-f1-15.mp3}
LINE: liked {bk04-l1b-f1-16.mp3}
LINE: looked {bk04-l1b-f1-17.mp3}
LINE: looked up {bk04-l1b-f1-18.mp3}
LINE: marked {bk04-l1b-f1-19.mp3}
LINE: talked {bk04-l1b-f1-20.mp3}
LINE: walked {bk04-l1b-f1-21.mp3}
LINE: watched {bk04-l1b-f1-22.mp3}
LINE: worked {bk04-l1b-f1-23.mp3}

# Source: ST §Group II Pronunciation
$PRODUCE Past Tense Practice: Group II (/t/)
ID: l1-s16
INTRO: Same drill, new sound. Change each sentence to the simple past using the time cue — these verbs end with the T sound.
INSTRUCTION: Change the sentences to simple past tense.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
SHOW_PROMPT

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: John *always finishes* his homework. (last night)
RESPONSE: John *finished* his homework *last night*.

PROMPT: Dan *always asks* questions. (yesterday)
RESPONSE: Dan asked questions yesterday.

PROMPT: *Sometimes* Father *cooks* dinner. (last night)
RESPONSE: Father cooked dinner last night.

PROMPT: The girls *walk* to school *every day*. (yesterday)
RESPONSE: The girls walked to school yesterday.

PROMPT: Ken *looks up* the new words *after class*. (yesterday)
RESPONSE: Ken looked up the new words yesterday.

PROMPT: Ben *always likes* baseball games. (last night)
RESPONSE: Ben liked baseball games last night.

PROMPT: We *always watch* that show. (yesterday)
RESPONSE: We watched that show yesterday.

# Source: LLA 1B Figure 3 (all Group II verbs — placed with the /t/ block)
$PRODUCE Type the Past Tense: T Sound
ID: 1b-f3
INTRO: Type the past tense form of the verb in parentheses, then repeat the sentence you hear.
INSTRUCTION: Type the correct past tense verb.
INPUT: type
CHECK: exact
REPEAT

TEMPLATE: Jane ____ the new words in the dictionary. (look up)
RESPONSE: Jane looked up the new words in the dictionary. {bk04-l1b-f3-01.mp3}
ACCEPT: looked up

TEMPLATE: Bob ____ to his friends yesterday. (talk)
RESPONSE: Bob talked to his friends yesterday. {bk04-l1b-f3-02.mp3}
ACCEPT: talked

TEMPLATE: The students ____ questions last week. (ask)
RESPONSE: The students asked questions last week. {bk04-l1b-f3-03.mp3}
ACCEPT: asked

TEMPLATE: We ____ the basketball game last night. (like)
RESPONSE: We liked the basketball game last night. {bk04-l1b-f3-04.mp3}
ACCEPT: liked

TEMPLATE: Mrs. Franklin ____ all week long in the office. (work)
RESPONSE: Mrs. Franklin worked all week long in the office. {bk04-l1b-f3-05.mp3}
ACCEPT: worked

# Source: LLA 1B Figure 1 (continued)
$DIALOGUE -ED Endings: The ID Sound
ID: 1b-f1-c
INTRO: The show started at eight. "Started" ends with an ID sound. Listen and repeat.
INSTRUCTION: Repeat each word.
REPEAT

LINE: started {bk04-l1b-f1-24.mp3}
LINE: visited {bk04-l1b-f1-25.mp3}
LINE: wanted {bk04-l1b-f1-26.mp3}

# Source: ST §Group III Pronunciation
$PRODUCE Past Tense Practice: Group III (/ɪd/)
ID: l1-s17
INTRO: Last group. Change each sentence to the simple past using the time cue — these verbs end with the ID sound, a whole extra syllable.
INSTRUCTION: Change the sentences to simple past tense.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
SHOW_PROMPT

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: I *repeat* the words *every day*. (yesterday)
RESPONSE: I *repeated* the words *yesterday*.

PROMPT: The movie *starts* at 8:00 *every night*. (last night)
RESPONSE: The movie started at 8:00 last night.

PROMPT: John *selects* the correct answer *in the morning*. (yesterday)
RESPONSE: John selected the correct answer yesterday.

PROMPT: We *want* to go to the movies *today*. (yesterday)
RESPONSE: We wanted to go to the movies yesterday.

PROMPT: Miss Brown *corrects* our papers *at night*. (last night)
RESPONSE: Miss Brown corrected our papers last night.

PROMPT: I *visit* my brother *on the weekends*. (last weekend)
RESPONSE: I visited my brother last weekend.

PROMPT: The test *ends* at *10:00 a.m.* (10:00 a.m. yesterday)
RESPONSE: The test ended at 10:00 a.m. yesterday.

# Source: LLA 1B Figure 2 (all Group III verbs — placed with the /ɪd/ block)
$PRODUCE Type the Past Tense: ID Sound
ID: 1b-f2
INTRO: Read the sentence and type the past tense form of the verb in parentheses. Then listen to the full sentence and repeat it.
INSTRUCTION: Type the correct past tense verb.
INPUT: type
CHECK: exact
REPEAT

TEMPLATE: Danny ____ his friends in Dallas last year. (visit)
RESPONSE: Danny visited his friends in Dallas last year. {bk04-l1b-f2-01.mp3}
ACCEPT: visited

TEMPLATE: George ____ to go to the movies yesterday. (want)
RESPONSE: George wanted to go to the movies yesterday. {bk04-l1b-f2-02.mp3}
ACCEPT: wanted

TEMPLATE: The show ____{started} at 8:00 and it ____{ended} at 10:00 last night. (start) (end)
RESPONSE: The show started at 8:00 and it ended at 10:00 last night. {bk04-l1b-f2-03.mp3}

TEMPLATE: The teacher ____ the tests this morning. (correct)
RESPONSE: The teacher corrected the tests this morning. {bk04-l1b-f2-04.mp3}
ACCEPT: corrected

# Source: LLA 1D Figure 6 (moved to the past-tense part — it drills the -ed sounds; REPEAT dropped: label-select with no answer clip to say back)
$SELECT How Does -ED Sound?
ID: 1d-f6
INTRO: Listen to the past tense verbs. Decide if the -ED ending sounds like the D in "played", the T in "worked", or the ID in "wanted".
INSTRUCTION: Tap the sound of the -ED ending.
SHOW_PROMPT

OPTION: a | /d/ sound (played)
OPTION: b | /t/ sound (worked)
OPTION: c | /ɪd/ sound (wanted)

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: opened {bk04-l1d-f6-ex1.mp3}
ANSWER: a

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: corrected {bk04-l1d-f6-ex2.mp3}
ANSWER: c

PROMPT: studied {bk04-l1d-f6-01.mp3}
ANSWER: a

PROMPT: visited {bk04-l1d-f6-02.mp3}
ANSWER: c

PROMPT: shaved {bk04-l1d-f6-03.mp3}
ANSWER: a

PROMPT: asked {bk04-l1d-f6-04.mp3}
ANSWER: b

PROMPT: ended {bk04-l1d-f6-05.mp3}
ANSWER: c

PROMPT: worked {bk04-l1d-f6-06.mp3}
ANSWER: b

PROMPT: looked {bk04-l1d-f6-07.mp3}
ANSWER: b

PROMPT: reviewed {bk04-l1d-f6-08.mp3}
ANSWER: a

PROMPT: selected {bk04-l1d-f6-09.mp3}
ANSWER: c

PROMPT: listened {bk04-l1d-f6-10.mp3}
ANSWER: a

# Source: LLA 1B Figure 6
$DIALOGUE Walking Downtown Again
ID: 1b-f6
INTRO: Mr. Brown walked downtown last week — and today, he's doing it again. Listen for "again", and repeat each sentence.
INSTRUCTION: Repeat each word and sentence.
REPEAT

VOCAB: downtown
LINE: This is downtown San Antonio. {page_015_001.jpg} {bk04-l1b-f6-01.mp3}
LINE: Mr. Brown likes to walk downtown. {page_015_002.jpg} {bk04-l1b-f6-02.mp3}

VOCAB: again
LINE: Mr. Brown walked downtown last week. {page_015_002.jpg} {bk04-l1b-f6-03.mp3}
LINE: He walked downtown again today. {page_015_002.jpg} {bk04-l1b-f6-04.mp3}

VOCAB: restaurant
LINE: Sandy and Mike like that restaurant. {page_015_003.jpg} {bk04-l1b-f6-05.mp3}
LINE: They were there last week. {page_015_003.jpg} {bk04-l1b-f6-06.mp3}
LINE: They were there last night again. {page_015_003.jpg} {bk04-l1b-f6-07.mp3}

# Source: LLA 1B Figure 6 (questions)
$PRODUCE Answer About Downtown
ID: 1b-f6-b
REFERENCE
INTRO: Listen to the questions about Mr. Brown, Sandy, and Mike. Answer out loud, then repeat the correct answer.
INSTRUCTION: Answer the question out loud.
REPEAT

PROMPT: Where does Mr. Brown like to walk? {bk04-l1b-f6-08-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Mr. Brown likes to walk downtown. {bk04-l1b-f6-08-a.mp3}

PROMPT: When did Mr. Brown walk downtown again? {bk04-l1b-f6-09-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: He walked downtown again today. {bk04-l1b-f6-09-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Where do Sandy and Mike like to go? {bk04-l1b-f6-10-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: They like to go to that restaurant. {bk04-l1b-f6-10-a.mp3}

PROMPT: When did Sandy and Mike visit the restaurant again? {bk04-l1b-f6-11-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: They visited the restaurant last night again. {bk04-l1b-f6-11-a.mp3}

# Source: ST §He's Doing It Again
$DIALOGUE He's Doing It Again
ID: l1-s18
INTRO: Mr. Green worked late yesterday. Today — again. His children may have forgotten his face. Listen and repeat.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat the sentences.
REPEAT

LINE: Mr. Green worked late yesterday. Today he's working late again.

LINE: Last week I watched the Los Angeles Show. Yesterday I watched the show again.

LINE: Jack played tennis two days ago. He's playing tennis again today.

# Source: ST §Use "Again"
$PRODUCE Use "Again"
ID: l1-s19
INTRO: Read what happened before, then finish the second sentence aloud with "again". Watch the tense — some are past, some are happening now.
INSTRUCTION: Complete the sentences aloud. Use the word "again".
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: Sam played football last week. — Yesterday, Sam ____
RESPONSE: Yesterday, Sam played football again.

TEMPLATE: Two years ago my family lived in Houston. — Now, my family ____
RESPONSE: Now, my family lives in Houston again.

TEMPLATE: Peter visited New York City two years ago. — Last month, he ____
RESPONSE: Last month, he visited New York City again.

TEMPLATE: We repeated the new words 5 minutes ago. — Right now, ____
RESPONSE: Right now, we are repeating the new words again.

TEMPLATE: Lee cleaned his car last week. — Yesterday, he ____
RESPONSE: Yesterday, he cleaned his car again.

TEMPLATE: I studied my lesson last night. — This morning, I'm ____
RESPONSE: This morning, I'm studying my lesson again.

TEMPLATE: Mrs. Adams cooked fish last month. — Last Monday, she ____
RESPONSE: Last Monday, she cooked fish again.

TEMPLATE: The show ended late last week. — Last night, it ____
RESPONSE: Last night, it ended late again.

TEMPLATE: The game started early last week. — This week, it ____
RESPONSE: This week, it started early again.

$LESSON 1-4: Negatives, Questions, and Short Answers

# Source: ST §Grammar — Negative Simple Past Tense
$GRAMMAR Didn't: The Negative Past
ID: l1-s22
INTRO: In this part you'll learn to say what didn't happen, and to ask about the past. The negative is easy: "did not" — or "didn't" — plus the plain verb.

| | |
|---|---|
| Jack played baseball yesterday. | He {did not play} tennis. |
| | He {didn't play} soccer. |

# Source: ST §You Didn't Answer My Question
$DIALOGUE You Didn't Answer My Question
ID: l1-s23
INTRO: Listen to what these people didn't do — and repeat each negative statement. Notice the verb stays plain after "didn't".
INSTRUCTION: Repeat these negative statements.
REPEAT

LINE: Tom didn't clean his room last Saturday.
LINE: Linda did not cook dinner last night.
LINE: George didn't play basketball yesterday.
LINE: They did not like Chicago.
LINE: He didn't shave this morning.

# Source: ST §Make Negative Statements
$PRODUCE Make Negative Statements
ID: l1-s24
INTRO: Read the sentence and the cue, then say what did NOT happen, using "didn't".
INSTRUCTION: Make a negative statement in the simple past tense using the cue.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
SHOW_PROMPT

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: My brother visited Dallas. (Houston)
RESPONSE: He didn't visit Houston.

PROMPT: Joan played tennis yesterday. (soccer)
RESPONSE: She didn't play soccer.

PROMPT: Sally cooked chicken for dinner yesterday. (beef)
RESPONSE: She didn't cook beef.

PROMPT: Jack lived in Chicago two years ago. (New York)
RESPONSE: He didn't live in New York.

PROMPT: My English class started at 7:15 this morning. (7:30)
RESPONSE: It didn't start at 7:30.

PROMPT: Frank cleaned his car last week. (this week)
RESPONSE: He didn't clean his car this week.

PROMPT: Rita marked the wrong answer. (right answer)
RESPONSE: She didn't mark the right answer.

PROMPT: Mark visited New York City last month. (Los Angeles)
RESPONSE: He didn't visit Los Angeles.

PROMPT: The movie ended at 10:30 last night. (10:00)
RESPONSE: It didn't end at 10:00.

PROMPT: John learned English. (Arabic)
RESPONSE: He didn't learn Arabic.

PROMPT: Dan shaved last night. (this morning)
RESPONSE: He didn't shave this morning.

# Source: ST §Grammar — Simple Past Tense Questions
$GRAMMAR Asking About the Past
ID: l1-s26
INTRO: To ask about the past, put "did" first and keep the verb plain. Short answers use "did" too.

| | | | |
|---|---|---|---|
| | The show | {started} | at 8:00. |
| **Did** | the show | **{start}** | at 8:00? |

**Short Answers:**
* {Yes, it did.} (Yes, the show started at 8:00.)
* {No, it didn't.} (No, the show didn't start at 8:00.)

# Source: LLA 1C Figure 1
$PRODUCE Ask with "Did ... Too?"
ID: 1c-f1
INTRO: You'll read a cue and hear a sentence. Ask a new question about the cue with "Did ... too?", then listen to the model question.
INSTRUCTION: Ask a question using the cue word.
REPEAT

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: dinner
PROMPT: Rita cooked lunch yesterday. {bk04-l1c-f1-ex-s.mp3}
RESPONSE: Did she cook dinner too? {bk04-l1c-f1-ex-q.mp3}

TEMPLATE: this morning
PROMPT: Danny shaved last night. {bk04-l1c-f1-01-s.mp3}
RESPONSE: Did he shave this morning too? {bk04-l1c-f1-01-q.mp3}

TEMPLATE: the door
PROMPT: Mr. Green closed the window. {bk04-l1c-f1-02-s.mp3}
RESPONSE: Did Mr. Green close the door, too? {bk04-l1c-f1-02-q.mp3}

TEMPLATE: John's homework
PROMPT: The teacher checked my homework. {bk04-l1c-f1-03-s.mp3}
RESPONSE: Did the teacher check John's homework, too? {bk04-l1c-f1-03-q.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Chicago
PROMPT: We visited the city of New York two years ago. {bk04-l1c-f1-04-s.mp3}
RESPONSE: Did you visit the city of Chicago too? {bk04-l1c-f1-04-q.mp3}

TEMPLATE: late show
PROMPT: Ben watched the football game last night. {bk04-l1c-f1-05-s.mp3}
RESPONSE: Did he watch The Late Show too? {bk04-l1c-f1-05-q.mp3}

# Source: LLA 1C Figure 2
$PRODUCE Short Answers
ID: 1c-f2
INTRO: Listen to each question and give a short answer using the yes or no cue on the screen. Then repeat the correct answer.
INSTRUCTION: Answer with a short sentence.
REPEAT

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: Yes, ____.
PROMPT: Did Marilyn visit you? {bk04-l1c-f2-ex1-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, she did. {bk04-l1c-f2-ex1-a.mp3}

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: No, ____.
PROMPT: Did Frank play soccer yesterday? {bk04-l1c-f2-ex2-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, he didn't. {bk04-l1c-f2-ex2-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Yes, ____.
PROMPT: Did Paul play basketball yesterday? {bk04-l1c-f2-01-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, he did. {bk04-l1c-f2-01-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: No, ____.
PROMPT: Did Sally cook dinner last night? {bk04-l1c-f2-02-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, she didn't. {bk04-l1c-f2-02-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Yes, ____.
PROMPT: Did Gene and Sam visit Los Angeles last year? {bk04-l1c-f2-03-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, they did. {bk04-l1c-f2-03-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: No, ____.
PROMPT: Did Bill live in Dallas two years ago? {bk04-l1c-f2-04-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, he didn't. {bk04-l1c-f2-04-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: No, ____.
PROMPT: Did Mary clean her room yesterday? {bk04-l1c-f2-05-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, she didn't. {bk04-l1c-f2-05-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Yes, ____.
PROMPT: Did they study the lesson last night? {bk04-l1c-f2-06-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, they did. {bk04-l1c-f2-06-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Yes, ____.
PROMPT: Did he walk downtown yesterday? {bk04-l1c-f2-07-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, he did. {bk04-l1c-f2-07-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: No, ____.
PROMPT: Did they work at a restaurant last year? {bk04-l1c-f2-08-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, they didn't. {bk04-l1c-f2-08-a.mp3}

# Source: LLA 1C Figure 5
$PRODUCE What Did They Play?
ID: 1c-f5
INTRO: You'll see what sport each person played yesterday. Listen to the question and answer from that information — sometimes the answer is no, and you say what they really played. Then repeat the correct answer.
INSTRUCTION: Answer with a full sentence.
REPEAT

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: Margaret — soccer
PROMPT: Did Margaret play soccer? {bk04-l1c-f5-ex1-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, Margaret played soccer. {bk04-l1c-f5-ex1-a.mp3}

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: Carl — soccer
PROMPT: Did Carl play football yesterday? {bk04-l1c-f5-ex2-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, Carl didn't play football. He played soccer. {bk04-l1c-f5-ex2-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Mark — football
PROMPT: Did Mark play soccer? {bk04-l1c-f5-01-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, he didn't play soccer. He played football. {bk04-l1c-f5-01-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: James — basketball
PROMPT: Did James play baseball? {bk04-l1c-f5-02-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, he didn't play baseball. He played basketball. {bk04-l1c-f5-02-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Margaret — soccer
PROMPT: Did Margaret play tennis? {bk04-l1c-f5-03-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, she didn't play tennis. She played soccer. {bk04-l1c-f5-03-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Terry — tennis
PROMPT: Did Terry play tennis? {bk04-l1c-f5-04-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, Terry played tennis. {bk04-l1c-f5-04-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Dave — baseball
PROMPT: Did Dave play football? {bk04-l1c-f5-05-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, Dave didn't play football. He played baseball. {bk04-l1c-f5-05-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: James — basketball
PROMPT: Did James play basketball? {bk04-l1c-f5-06-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, James played basketball. {bk04-l1c-f5-06-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Carl — soccer
PROMPT: Did Carl play football? {bk04-l1c-f5-07-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, Carl didn't play football. He played soccer. {bk04-l1c-f5-07-a.mp3}

# Source: LLA 1C Figure 6
$PRODUCE When Did You Do It?
ID: 1c-f6
INTRO: Listen to each question and answer it using the time phrase shown on the screen, then repeat the correct answer.
INSTRUCTION: Answer with a full sentence using the time cue.
REPEAT

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: Yes, _______ last Saturday.
PROMPT: Did you clean up your room? {bk04-l1c-f6-ex-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, I cleaned it up last Saturday. {bk04-l1c-f6-ex-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Yes, _______ this morning.
PROMPT: Did you answer his question? {bk04-l1c-f6-01-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, I answered his question this morning. {bk04-l1c-f6-01-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Yes, _______ last night.
PROMPT: Did you close the window? {bk04-l1c-f6-02-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, I closed the window last night. {bk04-l1c-f6-02-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Yes, _______ last week.
PROMPT: Did you talk to your brother? {bk04-l1c-f6-03-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, I talked to my brother last week. {bk04-l1c-f6-03-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Yes, _______ last night.
PROMPT: Did you watch the late show? {bk04-l1c-f6-04-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, I watched the late show last night. {bk04-l1c-f6-04-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Yes, _______ two days ago.
PROMPT: Did you visit your mother? {bk04-l1c-f6-05-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, I visited my mother two days ago. {bk04-l1c-f6-05-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Yes, _______ this morning.
PROMPT: Did you start to study a new book? {bk04-l1c-f6-06-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, I started to study a new book this morning. {bk04-l1c-f6-06-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Yes, _______ an hour ago.
PROMPT: Did you select a good restaurant? {bk04-l1c-f6-07-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, I selected a good restaurant an hour ago. {bk04-l1c-f6-07-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Yes, _______ last night.
PROMPT: Did you study your lesson? {bk04-l1c-f6-08-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, I studied my lesson last night. {bk04-l1c-f6-08-a.mp3}

# SKIPPED (book, ST): "Answer your teacher's questions with long answers." — teacher-led; no printed stimuli.

# Source: ST §Cued Questions and Answers
$PRODUCE Cued Questions and Answers
ID: l1-s27
INTRO: Build a past tense yes/no question from the cue words, then give a short answer — yes or no, your choice.
INSTRUCTION: Make a simple past yes/no question from each cue, then give a short answer.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
RUBRIC: Accept a correctly formed simple-past yes/no question built from the cue words (e.g. "Did Ted work late last week?"), followed by any natural short answer — affirmative ("Yes, he did.") or negative ("No, he didn't."). The question must be well-formed; the yes/no choice is the learner's.

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: Ted/work/late/last week
RESPONSE: Did Ted work late last week? No, he didn't.

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: Bill/like/your new car
RESPONSE: Did Bill like your new car? Yes, he did.

TEMPLATE: Linda/play/baseball/yesterday
RESPONSE: Did Linda play baseball yesterday? Yes, she did.

TEMPLATE: you/visit/your brother/last year
RESPONSE: Did you visit your brother last year? Yes, I did.

TEMPLATE: Dave/study/French
RESPONSE: Did Dave study French? No, he didn't.

TEMPLATE: Tony's family/visit/Los Angeles
RESPONSE: Did Tony's family visit Los Angeles? Yes, they did.

TEMPLATE: Frank/review/his lesson/last night
RESPONSE: Did Frank review his lesson last night? Yes, he did.

TEMPLATE: the children/play ball/yesterday
RESPONSE: Did the children play ball yesterday? Yes, they did.

TEMPLATE: Sue and Kate/watch/baseball game/last night
RESPONSE: Did Sue and Kate watch a baseball game last night? Yes, they did.

TEMPLATE: Mary/clean/her car/last weekend
RESPONSE: Did Mary clean her car last weekend? Yes, she did.

# Source: ST §Picture Questions and Answers
$PRODUCE Picture Questions and Answers
ID: l1-s28
INTRO: Same drill, now with pictures. Ask the yes/no question from the cue, look at the picture, and give the short answer it shows.
INSTRUCTION: Ask a simple past yes/no question from the cue and give the short answer.
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
RUBRIC: Accept a correctly formed simple-past yes/no question built from the cue words, plus a short answer whose yes/no matches the model answer's.

TEMPLATE: class/start/7:30 {st-page_025_001.jpg}
RESPONSE: Did class start at 7:30? Yes, it did.

TEMPLATE: class/end/12:00 {st-page_025_002.jpg}
RESPONSE: Did class end at 12:00? Yes, it did.

TEMPLATE: Alex/cook/beef {st-page_025_003.jpg}
RESPONSE: Did Alex cook beef? Yes, he did.

TEMPLATE: Mr. Wilson/walk/downtown {st-page_025_004.jpg}
RESPONSE: Did Mr. Wilson walk downtown? Yes, he did.

TEMPLATE: Beth/clean/room this morning {st-page_025_005.jpg}
RESPONSE: Did Beth clean her room this morning? No, she didn't.

TEMPLATE: John and Sara/go to a restaurant {st-page_025_006.jpg}
RESPONSE: Did John and Sara go to a restaurant? Yes, they did.

# Source: LLA 1D Figure 5
$SELECT Yes or No — Did They Do It?
ID: 1d-f5
INTRO: Look at the picture and the time cue, then listen to the question. Does the picture say yes or no? Tap your answer.
INSTRUCTION: Tap Yes or No.
OPTION: a | Yes
OPTION: b | No

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: (last night) {page_022_001.jpg}
PROMPT: Did Carl watch a basketball game last night? {bk04-l1d-f5-ex.mp3}
ANSWER: a

TEMPLATE: (yesterday afternoon) {page_022_002.jpg}
PROMPT: Did Blake and Pam visit friends yesterday afternoon? {bk04-l1d-f5-01.mp3}
ANSWER: b

TEMPLATE: (yesterday morning) {page_022_003.jpg}
PROMPT: Did the students study in class yesterday morning? {bk04-l1d-f5-02.mp3}
ANSWER: a

TEMPLATE: (two days ago) {page_022_004.jpg}
PROMPT: Did Kate and Betty play tennis two days ago? {bk04-l1d-f5-03.mp3}
ANSWER: b

TEMPLATE: (yesterday after school) {page_023_001.jpg}
PROMPT: Did they play soccer yesterday after school? {bk04-l1d-f5-04.mp3}
ANSWER: b

TEMPLATE: (this morning) {page_023_002.jpg}
PROMPT: Did Jack shave this morning? {bk04-l1d-f5-05.mp3}
ANSWER: a

TEMPLATE: (yesterday) {page_023_003.jpg}
PROMPT: Did the children play ball yesterday? {bk04-l1d-f5-06.mp3}
ANSWER: b

TEMPLATE: (last week) {page_023_004.jpg}
PROMPT: Did Tom and Jack play tennis last week? {bk04-l1d-f5-07.mp3}
ANSWER: a

$LESSON 1-5: Weekends, Sounds, and Dictation

# Source: LLA 1C Figure 4
$DIALOGUE Let's Play Tennis Friday
ID: 1c-f4
INTRO: Last part — time to put the whole lesson together: dialogs, weekend talk, sounds, and a final dictation. First, Mike and Jim make plans. Listen and repeat each line.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
REPEAT

Mike: Did you watch the basketball game last night? {bk04-l1c-f4-01.mp3}
Jim: No, I didn't. Was the game good? {bk04-l1c-f4-02a.mp3}

Mike: Yes, it was. They played a very good game. {bk04-l1c-f4-03a.mp3}

Jim: Dan and I played tennis all evening long. Do you play tennis, Mike? {bk04-l1c-f4-04a.mp3}

Mike: Yes, I do. {bk04-l1c-f4-05.mp3}
Jim: Do you want to play Friday after school? {bk04-l1c-f4-06.mp3}

Mike: Okay. {bk04-l1c-f4-07.mp3}

# Source: LLA 1D Figure 1
$DIALOGUE The Languages They Speak
ID: 1d-f1
INTRO: Two men are talking about the languages a friend speaks — quite a list. Just listen; you'll be asked about it next.
INSTRUCTION: Listen to the conversation.

Man1: What languages does Jack speak? {bk04-l1d-f1-01.mp3}
Man2: Oh, he speaks English, Spanish and French. {bk04-l1d-f1-02.mp3}
Man1: Does he speak Russian too? {bk04-l1d-f1-03.mp3}
Man2: Yes, he speaks Russian. And you? {bk04-l1d-f1-04.mp3}
Man1: I speak Spanish and English and Arabic. {bk04-l1d-f1-05.mp3}
Man2: Arabic? {bk04-l1d-f1-06.mp3}
Man1: Yeah, I lived in Egypt for two years. {bk04-l1d-f1-07.mp3}
Man2: Oh, yes. That's right. {bk04-l1d-f1-08.mp3}

# Source: LLA 1D Figure 1 (write-the-languages task, adapted to MULTI select)
$SELECT Which Languages?
ID: 1d-f1-b
MULTI
REFERENCE
INTRO: Which five languages did the speakers mention? Tap all of them. Replay the conversation if you need it.
INSTRUCTION: Tap the five languages.

OPTION: a | English
OPTION: b | Spanish
OPTION: c | French
OPTION: d | German
OPTION: e | Russian
OPTION: f | Arabic
OPTION: g | Chinese

TEMPLATE: Which five languages do the men speak?
ANSWER: a,b,c,e,f

# Source: LLA 1D Figure 2
$PRODUCE Mary's Weekends
ID: 1d-f2
INPUT: type
CHECK: exact
INTRO: Mary's weekends sound a lot like Linda's. Listen to each sentence and type the missing words.
INSTRUCTION: Type the missing word.

TEMPLATE: Mary ____ weekends.
PROMPT: Mary likes weekends. {bk04-l1d-f2-01.mp3}
RESPONSE: Mary likes weekends. {bk04-l1d-f2-01.mp3}
ACCEPT: likes

TEMPLATE: On Saturdays, she ____{plays} tennis ____{all} morning.
PROMPT: On Saturdays, she plays tennis all morning. {bk04-l1d-f2-02.mp3}
RESPONSE: On Saturdays, she plays tennis all morning. {bk04-l1d-f2-02.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Then she goes home and ____{cleans} all afternoon ____{long}.
PROMPT: Then she goes home and cleans all afternoon long. {bk04-l1d-f2-03.mp3}
RESPONSE: Then she goes home and cleans all afternoon long. {bk04-l1d-f2-03.mp3}

TEMPLATE: Sometimes on Sundays, she ____ a big meal for her friends.
PROMPT: Sometimes on Sundays, she cooks a big meal for her friends. {bk04-l1d-f2-04.mp3}
RESPONSE: Sometimes on Sundays, she cooks a big meal for her friends. {bk04-l1d-f2-04.mp3}
ACCEPT: cooks

TEMPLATE: Sometimes Mary and her friends go to a ____.
PROMPT: Sometimes Mary and her friends go to a restaurant. {bk04-l1d-f2-05.mp3}
RESPONSE: Sometimes Mary and her friends go to a restaurant. {bk04-l1d-f2-05.mp3}
ACCEPT: restaurant

TEMPLATE: They ____{like to} go to Jim's Restaurant ____{downtown}.
PROMPT: They like to go to Jim's Restaurant downtown. {bk04-l1d-f2-06.mp3}
RESPONSE: They like to go to Jim's Restaurant downtown. {bk04-l1d-f2-06.mp3}

# Source: LLA 1D Figure 4
$DIALOGUE What Do You Do on Weekends?
ID: 1d-f4
INTRO: Jim and Sam talk sports — watching some, playing others. Listen and repeat each line.
INSTRUCTION: Repeat the dialogue.
REPEAT

Jim: What do you do on weekends? {bk04-l1d-f4-01.mp3}
Sam: I play or watch sports. {bk04-l1d-f4-02.mp3}
Jim: What sports do you like? {bk04-l1d-f4-03.mp3}
Sam: I like to watch basketball and football. I like to play tennis. {bk04-l1d-f4-04.mp3}
Jim: I like to play tennis, too. Do you want to play this weekend? {bk04-l1d-f4-06.mp3}
Sam: All right. {bk04-l1d-f4-08.mp3}

# Source: ST §Speaking Skill: Cop and Cup
$DIALOGUE Saying Cop and Cup
ID: l1-s25
INTRO: Two vowels that like to trade places: the AH in "cop" and the UH in "cup". Repeat each pair and keep them apart.
INSTRUCTION: Repeat the words. Focus on the sounds.
REPEAT

LINE: cop ... cup
LINE: lock ... luck
LINE: hob ... hub
LINE: tock ... tuck
LINE: Don ... dun
LINE: bog ... bug
LINE: pop ... pup
LINE: shot ... shut

# Source: LLA 1B Figure 5
$SELECT Same or Different?
ID: 1b-f5
INTRO: Listen to each pair of words. Decide if the words are the same or different. For example, "cop" and "cup" are different.
INSTRUCTION: Tap Same or Different.
OPTION: s | Same
OPTION: d | Different

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: cop ... cup {bk04-l1b-f5-00.mp3}
ANSWER: d

PROMPT: pop ... pop {bk04-l1b-f5-01.mp3}
ANSWER: s

PROMPT: doff ... doff {bk04-l1b-f5-02.mp3}
ANSWER: s

PROMPT: dawn ... done {bk04-l1b-f5-03.mp3}
ANSWER: d

PROMPT: body ... buddy {bk04-l1b-f5-04.mp3}
ANSWER: d

PROMPT: wander ... wonder {bk04-l1b-f5-05.mp3}
ANSWER: d

PROMPT: pup ... pup {bk04-l1b-f5-06.mp3}
ANSWER: s

PROMPT: ron ... run {bk04-l1b-f5-07.mp3}
ANSWER: d

PROMPT: rod ... rod {bk04-l1b-f5-08.mp3}
ANSWER: s

PROMPT: wan ... won {bk04-l1b-f5-09.mp3}
ANSWER: d

PROMPT: sod ... sod {bk04-l1b-f5-10.mp3}
ANSWER: s

# Source: LLA 1B Figure 7
$SELECT AH or UH?
ID: 1b-f7
INTRO: Listen to each word. Decide if it has the AH sound like in "cop", or the UH sound like in "cup". For example, "pot" has the AH sound.
INSTRUCTION: Tap the sound you hear in the word.
OPTION: a | AH sound (as in cop)
OPTION: b | UH sound (as in cup)

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: pot {bk04-l1b-f7-00.mp3}
ANSWER: a

PROMPT: job {bk04-l1b-f7-01.mp3}
ANSWER: a

PROMPT: wander {bk04-l1b-f7-02.mp3}
ANSWER: a

PROMPT: puppy {bk04-l1b-f7-03.mp3}
ANSWER: b

PROMPT: rod {bk04-l1b-f7-04.mp3}
ANSWER: a

PROMPT: poppy {bk04-l1b-f7-05.mp3}
ANSWER: a

PROMPT: done {bk04-l1b-f7-06.mp3}
ANSWER: b

PROMPT: funny {bk04-l1b-f7-07.mp3}
ANSWER: b

PROMPT: wander {bk04-l1b-f7-08.mp3}
ANSWER: a

PROMPT: jot {bk04-l1b-f7-09.mp3}
ANSWER: a

PROMPT: up {bk04-l1b-f7-10.mp3}
ANSWER: b

# Source: LLA 1C Figure 3 + ST §Speaking Skill: The UH Sound (distinct ST words merged as TTS lines; ST list otherwise dropped as twin)
$DIALOGUE The UH Sound
ID: 1c-f3
INTRO: Now just the UH sound, on its own. Listen to the words and repeat them.
INSTRUCTION: Repeat each word.
REPEAT

LINE: cup {bk04-l1c-f3-01.mp3}
LINE: lunch {bk04-l1c-f3-02.mp3}
LINE: young {bk04-l1c-f3-03.mp3}
LINE: bus {bk04-l1c-f3-04.mp3}
LINE: up {bk04-l1c-f3-05.mp3}
LINE: sun {bk04-l1c-f3-06.mp3}
LINE: bunch {bk04-l1c-f3-07.mp3}
LINE: does {bk04-l1c-f3-08.mp3}
LINE: come
LINE: ago
LINE: the
LINE: son

# Source: LLA 1D Figure 3 + ST §Speaking Skill: The EE Sound (distinct ST words merged as TTS lines; ST list otherwise dropped as twin)
$DIALOGUE The EE Sound
ID: 1d-f3
INTRO: One more sound: the long EE in "week" and "eat". Listen to the words and repeat them.
INSTRUCTION: Repeat each word.
REPEAT

LINE: speak {bk04-l1d-f3-01.mp3}
LINE: read {bk04-l1d-f3-02.mp3}
LINE: week {bk04-l1d-f3-03.mp3}
LINE: eat {bk04-l1d-f3-04.mp3}
LINE: meat {bk04-l1d-f3-05.mp3}
LINE: clean {bk04-l1d-f3-06.mp3}
LINE: repeat {bk04-l1d-f3-07.mp3}
LINE: leave {bk04-l1d-f3-08.mp3}
LINE: see
LINE: sleep
LINE: sheet
LINE: beef

# SKIPPED (book, ST): Listening-skill "LISTEN AND WRITE" — write the numbers and foods heard
# in a dialog; the recorded dialog isn't available, so there's no stimulus. Convertible later
# with a chosen dialog + TTS.

# Source: ST §Alphabetical Order (kept as $SELECT ORDER — see report on the guide conflict)
$SELECT Alphabetical Order
ID: l1-s24-b
ORDER
INTRO: A quick change of pace: put each set of words in alphabetical order — A before B, and watch the second letter when the first ones match.
INSTRUCTION: Put the words in alphabetical order.

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: Put these words in alphabetical order.
OPTION: a | map
OPTION: b | meal
OPTION: c | milk
OPTION: d | money
ANSWER: a,b,c,d

TEMPLATE: Put these words in alphabetical order.
OPTION: a | clean
OPTION: b | cross
OPTION: c | cup
OPTION: d | chair
OPTION: e | cook
ANSWER: d,a,e,b,c

TEMPLATE: Put these words in alphabetical order.
OPTION: a | friend
OPTION: b | father
OPTION: c | February
OPTION: d | food
OPTION: e | fine
ANSWER: b,c,e,d,a

TEMPLATE: Put these words in alphabetical order.
OPTION: a | ask
OPTION: b | airman
OPTION: c | after
OPTION: d | all
OPTION: e | again
ANSWER: c,e,b,d,a

# Source: LLA 1D Figure 7
$PRODUCE Dictation
ID: 1d-f7
INPUT: type
CHECK: exact
INTRO: Last activity of the lesson: dictation. Listen to each sentence and type exactly what you hear — then you're done. Well done making it here.
INSTRUCTION: Type the sentence you hear.

PROMPT: He visited his friends in New York last year. {bk04-l1d-f7-01.mp3}
RESPONSE: He visited his friends in New York last year. {bk04-l1d-f7-01.mp3}

PROMPT: The students ask the teacher questions in the morning. {bk04-l1d-f7-02.mp3}
RESPONSE: The students ask the teacher questions in the morning. {bk04-l1d-f7-02.mp3}

PROMPT: She takes a different bus every day. {bk04-l1d-f7-03.mp3}
RESPONSE: She takes a different bus every day. {bk04-l1d-f7-03.mp3}

PROMPT: Don't watch television before nine o'clock. {bk04-l1d-f7-04.mp3}
RESPONSE: Don't watch television before nine o'clock. {bk04-l1d-f7-04.mp3}
ACCEPT: Do not watch television before nine o'clock.

PROMPT: Where was your brother five years ago? {bk04-l1d-f7-05.mp3}
RESPONSE: Where was your brother five years ago? {bk04-l1d-f7-05.mp3}

PROMPT: He's hungry and wants to eat a snack. {bk04-l1d-f7-06.mp3}
RESPONSE: He's hungry and wants to eat a snack. {bk04-l1d-f7-06.mp3}
ACCEPT: He is hungry and wants to eat a snack.

# SKIPPED (book, ST): end-of-lesson skill drills — Listening "SAME/DIFFERENT" and "PUP / POP"
# (vowel discrimination) and the Writing "DICTATION". All instructor-read with no recorded
# stimulus or given items. Convertible later with chosen words + TTS. (The cassette versions of
# both — LLA 1B Figures 5/7 and LLA 1D Figure 7 — are converted above, so the content is covered.)