$MODULE Book 10 · Lesson 1: Tell Me How To ... {st-page_009_001.jpg} FORMAT: 2 DESCRIPTION: Vending machines and how to use them, "how to" with learn/teach/show, "no" and "there's no", time clauses (when, while, after, before, until), "be supposed to", directions, dictation, and outlines. TARGET_LANG_G: en HOME_LANG_G: en VOICE_DEFAULT: aoede | Clear, friendly American English narrator VOICE_PROMPT: gacrux | Questions and cues, read clearly VOICE_RESPONSE: schedar | Model answers, warm and clear VOICE: Frank | achernar | Male VOICE: Tina | gacrux | Female VOICE: Carl | achird | Male VOICE: Dora | schedar | Female VOICE: Man | achernar | Male VOICE: Woman | gacrux | Female VOICE: Peggy | gacrux | Female VOICE: Peter | achernar | Male VOICE: Hank | achird | Male VOICE: Pete | schedar | Male VOICE: Eric | achernar | Male VOICE: Adam | achird | Male VOICE: Brad | schedar | Male VOICE: Dave | achird | Male VOICE: Fred | schedar | Male VOICE: Greg | achernar | Male VOICE: Stan | achird | Male VOICE: Lynn | aoede | Female VOICE: Mark | achernar | Male VOICE: Cashier | aoede | Female VOICE: Rick | achernar | Male VOICE: Ali | achird | Male VOICE: Ann | aoede | Female VOICE: Chris | achernar | Male VOICE: George | achernar | Male VOICE: John | achird | Male VOICE: Steve | achernar | Male VOICE: Ted | achernar | Male VOICE: Claire | aoede | Female VOICE: Chuck | achird | Male VOICE: Ed | achernar | Male VOICE: David | achird | Male VOICE: Larry | achernar | Male VOICE: Jack | achird | Male VOICE: Bob | achernar | Male VOICE: Hal | achird | Male VOICE: ID | achernar | speaker (auto) VOICE: Narrator | achird | speaker (auto) $SESSION 1-1: Vending Machines and Snacks # Source: ST §It's Stuck. $DIALOGUE "Stick" and "Stuck" ID: l1-s1 INTRO: In this lesson you'll learn to talk about vending machines, explain how to use them, and say what people are supposed to do. We start with one small word you'll hear all week: "stick". Read each sentence. INSTRUCTION: Read the sentences. VOCAB: to stick | stick LINE: Be careful or the stamp will stick to your fingers. {st-page_011_001.jpg} VOCAB: stuck LINE: The stamp stuck to his finger. VOCAB: is stuck LINE: The stamp is stuck to his finger. VOCAB: sticks LINE: The stamp sticks to his finger. VOCAB: stuck LINE: I stuck the milk in the refrigerator. {st-page_011_002.jpg} NOTES: Here "stick" means "put": he put the milk in the refrigerator. LINE: The vegetable drawer is stuck. I can't close it. # Source: LLA 1A Figure 1 $DIALOGUE Snacks from a Machine ID: 10-1a-f1 INTRO: Now meet the machine itself — and everything inside it that's bad for your teeth. Listen to each sentence and repeat it. INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat. REPEAT VOCAB: vending machine LINE: This is a vending machine. A vending machine sells many different things. {page_011_001.jpg} {bk10-l1a-f1-01a.mp3} VOCAB: popular LINE: Vending machines are popular. Everyone uses them. {page_011_001.jpg} {bk10-l1a-f1-01b.mp3} VOCAB: sodas VOCAB: soda pop LINE: Sodas are sometimes called soda water. A soda or soda pop is a drink. {page_011_002.jpg} {bk10-l1a-f1-02.mp3} VOCAB: chips LINE: Do you like potato chips or corn chips? Chips are usually made with salt. {page_011_003.jpg} {bk10-l1a-f1-03.mp3} VOCAB: chewing gum LINE: Do you want a piece of chewing gum? Some people chew gum between meals. {page_011_004.jpg} {bk10-l1a-f1-04.mp3} VOCAB: candy bar LINE: I like to eat chocolate candy bars. Chocolate candy bars are a sweet snack. {page_011_005.jpg} {bk10-l1a-f1-05.mp3} # Source: LLA 1A Figure 2 $SELECT Which Snack Is It? ID: 10-1a-f2 INTRO: Time to check those snack words. Listen to each question and tap the correct answer. INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct answer. OPTION: a | vending machines OPTION: b | soda pop OPTION: c | candy bar OPTION: d | chips OPTION: e | gum PROMPT: What's another name for soda? {bk10-l1a-f2-01.mp3} ANSWER: b FEEDBACK: Another name for soda is soda pop. {bk10-l1a-f2-01-a.mp3} PROMPT: What do some people chew between meals? {bk10-l1a-f2-02.mp3} ANSWER: e FEEDBACK: Some people chew gum between meals. {bk10-l1a-f2-02-a.mp3} PROMPT: What is a popular sweet snack? {bk10-l1a-f2-03.mp3} ANSWER: c FEEDBACK: A popular sweet snack is a candy bar. {bk10-l1a-f2-03-a.mp3} PROMPT: Where can you buy snacks and small things? {bk10-l1a-f2-04.mp3} ANSWER: a FEEDBACK: You can buy snacks and small things from a vending machine. {bk10-l1a-f2-04-a.mp3} PROMPT: What's a popular snack made with salt? {bk10-l1a-f2-05.mp3} ANSWER: d FEEDBACK: A popular snack made with salt is chips. {bk10-l1a-f2-05-a.mp3} # Source: ST §What Kind of Snack Do You Want? $DIALOGUE What Kind of Snack Do You Want? ID: l1-s5 INTRO: Greg and Stan are standing at the snack machine, deciding for themselves — and for Sue, who isn't even there. Read their conversation. INSTRUCTION: Read the dialog. VOCAB: potato chips VOCAB: corn chips Greg: Do you want potato chips, corn chips, or a candy bar? {st-page_014_001.jpg} Stan: I don't want anything to eat. I just want some chewing gum. {st-page_014_002.jpg} Greg: What does Sue want? VOCAB: nuts Stan: She wants some nuts. {st-page_014_003.jpg} # Source: LLA 1A Figure 3 $DIALOGUE How a Vending Machine Works ID: 10-1a-f3 INTRO: Here are the verbs you need to run a machine — "insert", "pull", "lift" — and what to do when it takes your money and gives you nothing. Listen and repeat. INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat. REPEAT VOCAB: detergent VOCAB: washing machine LINE: A detergent is a soap. She put the detergent in the washing machine. {page_012_001.jpg} {bk10-l1a-f3-01.mp3} VOCAB: insert LINE: Insert the money in the slot. {page_012_002.jpg} {bk10-l1a-f3-02a.mp3} VOCAB: opening LINE: Put the money in the small opening. {page_012_002.jpg} {bk10-l1a-f3-02c.mp3} LINE: She is inserting the money into the opening for coins. {page_012_002.jpg} {bk10-l1a-f3-02b.mp3} VOCAB: selection LINE: Make your selection or pick out a snack. {page_012_003.jpg} {bk10-l1a-f3-03a.mp3} VOCAB: knob LINE: Pull a knob for your selection. {page_012_003.jpg} {bk10-l1a-f3-03b.mp3} VOCAB: drop LINE: The selection will drop or fall when you pull the knob. {page_013_001.jpg} {bk10-l1a-f3-04a.mp3} VOCAB: lift LINE: Lift the door and take out your selection. {page_013_001.jpg} {bk10-l1a-f3-04b.mp3} VOCAB: out of order LINE: The machine was out of order. It didn't work. {page_013_002.jpg} {bk10-l1a-f3-05a.mp3} VOCAB: get back LINE: When the machine is out of order, you can get your money back. {page_013_002.jpg} {bk10-l1a-f3-05b.mp3} VOCAB: coin release VOCAB: coin return LINE: She turned the coin release and got her money back from the coin return cup. {page_013_002.jpg} {bk10-l1a-f3-05c.mp3} # DROPPED (twin): ST §A Vending Machine — TTS twin of LLA 1A Figure 3 (same vocab presentation role); its distinct items salvaged below. # Source: ST §A Vending Machine (salvaged distinct lines) $DIALOGUE More Machine Words ID: l1-s2 INTRO: A few more machine words the tape didn't teach: "dispense", "slot", and "tray". Read the sentences. INSTRUCTION: Read the sentences. VOCAB: dispense LINE: A snack vending machine dispenses snacks. {st-page_012_001.jpg} VOCAB: slot LINE: Put your coins in the slot. VOCAB: tray VOCAB: be supposed to | is supposed to LINE: The snack is supposed to drop into the tray. VOCAB: until LINE: Insert your coins again and wait until they drop. # Source: LLA 1A Figure 4 $SELECT Check the Machine Words ID: 10-1a-f4 INTRO: Ten quick questions on the machine words. Listen and tap the correct answer. INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct answer. PROMPT: He picked out a candy bar. What did he do? {bk10-l1a-f4-01-q.mp3} OPTION: a | made a selection OPTION: b | bought a candy bar OPTION: c | ate a candy bar ANSWER: a FEEDBACK: He made his selection. {bk10-l1a-f4-01-fb.mp3} PROMPT: How do you get your selection from the machine? {bk10-l1a-f4-02-q.mp3} OPTION: a | You pick it out. OPTION: b | You pay for it. OPTION: c | You lift the door. ANSWER: c FEEDBACK: To get your selection from the machine... lift the door. {bk10-l1a-f4-02-fb.mp3} PROMPT: What is a detergent? {bk10-l1a-f4-03-q.mp3} OPTION: a | a soup OPTION: b | a soap OPTION: c | a slot ANSWER: b FEEDBACK: A detergent is a soap. {bk10-l1a-f4-03-fb.mp3} PROMPT: She put the money in the slot. What did she do? {bk10-l1a-f4-04-q.mp3} OPTION: a | She dropped it. OPTION: b | She lifted it. OPTION: c | She inserted it. ANSWER: c FEEDBACK: She inserted her money. {bk10-l1a-f4-04-fb.mp3} PROMPT: What is another name for slot? {bk10-l1a-f4-05-q.mp3} OPTION: a | a knob OPTION: b | an opening OPTION: c | a door ANSWER: b FEEDBACK: Another name for slot is opening. {bk10-l1a-f4-05-fb.mp3} PROMPT: When a machine doesn't work, what do we say? {bk10-l1a-f4-06-q.mp3} OPTION: a | It's out of order. OPTION: b | It's out of snacks. OPTION: c | It's out of money. ANSWER: a FEEDBACK: It's out of order. {bk10-l1a-f4-06-fb.mp3} PROMPT: She used the washing machine. What did she do? {bk10-l1a-f4-07-q.mp3} OPTION: a | washed clothes OPTION: b | washed dishes OPTION: c | washed her car ANSWER: a FEEDBACK: She washed her clothes in the washing machine. {bk10-l1a-f4-07-fb.mp3} PROMPT: How do you get your money back from a vending machine? {bk10-l1a-f4-08-q.mp3} OPTION: a | Lift the door. OPTION: b | Insert the money. OPTION: c | Turn the coin release. ANSWER: c FEEDBACK: When you want to get your money back, turn the coin release. {bk10-l1a-f4-08-fb.mp3} PROMPT: Where do you get your change from? {bk10-l1a-f4-09-q.mp3} OPTION: a | coin release OPTION: b | coin return OPTION: c | selection knob ANSWER: b FEEDBACK: You get your change from the coin return. {bk10-l1a-f4-09-fb.mp3} PROMPT: What do we say when something falls? {bk10-l1a-f4-10-q.mp3} OPTION: a | It drops. OPTION: b | It breaks. OPTION: c | It grows. ANSWER: a FEEDBACK: When something falls, we say it drops. {bk10-l1a-f4-10-fb.mp3} # Source: ST §What Is Your Selection? $DIALOGUE Which Knob? {st-page_015_001.jpg} ID: l1-s6 INTRO: You'll see a snack machine with numbered knobs and two worked examples — the questions and the answers are both shown. Nothing to answer here; just read. INSTRUCTION: Read the examples. No answer is required. Narrator: Ted wants some potato chips. Which knob should he pull? Narrator: He should pull knob 1. Narrator: Sam pulled knob number 5. What was his selection? Narrator: He selected some nuts. # Source: ST §This Is How You Do It. $SELECT Operating a Machine, Step by Step ID: l1-s3 ORDER INTRO: Now prove you could run one of these yourself. Put the five steps in the right order, from coins to snack. INSTRUCTION: Put the sentences in order to show how to use the machine. TEMPLATE: How do you operate a vending machine? OPTION: a | Insert the coins in the coin slot. OPTION: b | Wait until the coins drop. OPTION: c | Make your selection. Pull the knob or push a button. OPTION: d | Get your selection from the tray. OPTION: e | Lastly, pick up the change from the coin return opening. ANSWER: a,b,c,d,e # Source: ST §When the Coins Get Stuck, ... $SELECT When the Coins Get Stuck ID: l1-s4 ORDER INTRO: This time the machine misbehaves. Put all eight steps in order, from inserting the coins to finally getting your snack. INSTRUCTION: Put the sentences in order to show what happens. TEMPLATE: What do you do when coins get stuck? OPTION: a | Put your money in the coin slot. OPTION: b | Wait until the coins drop. OPTION: c | The coins stick (don't drop), you can't make a selection. OPTION: d | Turn the coin release. You'll get your money back. OPTION: e | Get your change from the coin return. OPTION: f | Insert the coins again. OPTION: g | Make your selection and pull the knob. OPTION: h | Get your selection from the tray. ANSWER: a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h $SESSION 1-2: Exact Change and Out of Order # Source: LLA 1A Figure 5 $DIALOGUE Exact Change ID: 10-1a-f5 INTRO: In this part you'll handle machines that don't cooperate — and the people standing in front of them. First, Frank wants a soft drink, but the machine has one condition. Just listen. INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue. VOCAB: soft drink Frank: I'd like a soft drink. {bk10-l1a-f5-01.mp3} VOCAB: exact Tina: Do you have the exact change? {bk10-l1a-f5-02.mp3} Frank: No. Why do I need the exact change? {bk10-l1a-f5-03.mp3} VOCAB: machine Tina: Because this machine doesn't give change. {bk10-l1a-f5-04.mp3} # Source: LLA 1A Figure 6 $SELECT Questions: Exact Change ID: 10-1a-f6 REFERENCE INTRO: Three questions about Frank and Tina. Tap the correct answer, then repeat it aloud. INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct answer. REPEAT PROMPT: What does Frank want? {bk10-l1a-f6-01.mp3} OPTION: a | some change OPTION: b | some water OPTION: c | a soft drink ANSWER: c FEEDBACK: Repeat: He wants a soft drink. {bk10-l1a-f6-01-a.mp3} PROMPT: What does Tina say that Frank has to have? {bk10-l1a-f6-02.mp3} OPTION: a | the correct drink OPTION: b | the exact change OPTION: c | the right machine ANSWER: b FEEDBACK: Repeat: He has to have the exact change. {bk10-l1a-f6-02-a.mp3} PROMPT: Why does he have to have the exact change? {bk10-l1a-f6-03.mp3} OPTION: a | because the machine is out of order OPTION: b | because the machine doesn't give change OPTION: c | because the machine doesn't have drinks ANSWER: b FEEDBACK: Because the machine doesn't give change. {bk10-l1a-f6-03-a.mp3} # Source: ST §The Window Is Stuck. $DIALOGUE The Window Is Stuck ID: l1-s7 INTRO: Machines aren't the only things that get stuck. Lynn and Mark can't open a window, and the man with the tools has gone out — for cigarettes, paid to the penny. Read the dialog. INSTRUCTION: Read the dialog. Lynn: I can't get this window open, Mark. I can't lift it. Can you help me? {st-page_016_001.jpg} Mark: Sure, let me try. No, I can't open it. It's stuck. Call Frank. Maybe we can borrow his tools. VOCAB: out of town Lynn: He's not home. I think he went out of town for the weekend. Mark: No, he didn't go out of town this weekend. He's leaving town next weekend. VOCAB: for Lynn: Then I guess he went to the store for some cigarettes. He was out of them earlier. Mark: We'll have to wait until he comes back. His tools are in his truck. Narrator: At the Store Cashier: Your total is ten fifty-six, sir. NOTES: $10.56 VOCAB: exactly Frank: Here it is. A ten-dollar bill, two quarters, a nickel and a penny. Ten fifty-six exactly. Cashier: Thank you, sir. We like to get the exact amount. Narrator: Two Hours Later VOCAB: finally Mark: I think Frank's finally back. Lynn: Oh, good, at last we can get some tools and open this window. {st-page_017_001.jpg} # Source: LLA 1A Figure 7 $DIALOGUE Out of Order ID: 10-1a-f7 INTRO: Now Carl versus the drink machine. His money went in; nothing came out. Listen to Carl and Dora. INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue. VOCAB: operate Carl: I can't operate this machine. {bk10-l1a-f7-01.mp3} VOCAB: out of VOCAB: diet drink Dora: Maybe it's out of that diet drink. {bk10-l1a-f7-02.mp3} Carl: I think my money is stuck. I don't think it went down. {bk10-l1a-f7-03.mp3} VOCAB: another Dora: Try to get another kind of soft drink. {bk10-l1a-f7-04.mp3} VOCAB: worked Carl: Oh, it worked this time! I guess my money didn't stick; it did drop. {bk10-l1a-f7-05.mp3} # Source: LLA 1A Figure 8 $SELECT Same Meaning ID: 10-1a-f8 REFERENCE INTRO: You'll hear a sentence about Carl's battle with the machine. Tap the option that means the same thing, then repeat it. INSTRUCTION: Tap the answer that means the same. REPEAT PROMPT: Carl couldn't make the machine work. {bk10-l1a-f8-01.mp3} OPTION: a | He couldn't operate it. OPTION: b | He couldn't select it. OPTION: c | He couldn't lift it. ANSWER: a FEEDBACK: Repeat: "He couldn't operate it." {bk10-l1a-f8-01-a.mp3} PROMPT: The machine was out of that diet drink. {bk10-l1a-f8-02.mp3} OPTION: a | It was out of order. OPTION: b | It had a lot of that diet drink. OPTION: c | It didn't have any of that diet drink. ANSWER: c FEEDBACK: Repeat: "It didn't have any of that diet drink." {bk10-l1a-f8-02-a.mp3} PROMPT: Carl thinks his money is stuck. {bk10-l1a-f8-03.mp3} OPTION: a | He thinks it didn't drop. OPTION: b | He thinks it wasn't exact. OPTION: c | He thinks it doesn't change. ANSWER: a FEEDBACK: Repeat: "He thinks it didn't drop." {bk10-l1a-f8-03-a.mp3} PROMPT: Dora told him to get another kind of drink. {bk10-l1a-f8-04.mp3} OPTION: a | the same kind OPTION: b | a different kind OPTION: c | a favorite kind ANSWER: b FEEDBACK: Repeat: "She told him to get a different drink." {bk10-l1a-f8-04-a.mp3} # Source: ST §At the Mess Hall $DIALOGUE At the Mess Hall ID: l1-s14 INTRO: George and Carl at lunch. One friend went to the post office, another went downtown, and "the other one" is sick. Notice how "another" and "the other" divide up a group. INSTRUCTION: Read the dialog. George: I'm going to get a drink. Do you want more tea? Carl: Yes. Could you please bring me another glass? George: Where are your friends today? VOCAB: the other one Carl: Well, one went to the post office, another went to the commissary, another went downtown, and the other one is sick. # Source: ST §At the Soft Drink Vending Machine $DIALOGUE At the Soft Drink Vending Machine ID: l1-s9 INTRO: Ann is thirsty and trying to lose ten pounds — a hard combination when the machine is out of diet sodas. Read the dialog. INSTRUCTION: Read the dialog. Ann: I'm thirsty. Let's get some soda pop. VOCAB: soft drink vending machine Chris: Okay. There's a soft drink vending machine on the left side of the building. Ann: Did they fix it? It was out of order yesterday. Chris: It was working earlier. I got a soda from it this morning. {st-page_020_001.jpg} Chris: What kind do you want? Ann: I want a diet drink. Chris: A diet drink? VOCAB: lose Ann: Yes. I need to lose 10 pounds. VOCAB: no more Chris: There are no more diet drinks in the machine. Ann: Oh, you mean the machine is out of diet sodas. Chris: Uh huh! Do you want something else? Ann: No, thanks. I'll get some water. # Source: ST §Answer About the Vending Machine $PRODUCE Questions About Ann's Drink ID: l1-s10 REFERENCE INTRO: Now answer some questions about Ann and Chris. Answer aloud in a full sentence — you can look back at the dialog if you need to. INSTRUCTION: Answer the questions according to the dialog. INPUT: speak CHECK: llm SHOW_PROMPT RUBRIC: Treat the model answer as the factual key; accept any phrasing or short form of the same fact(s). PROMPT: What are Ann and Chris going to get? RESPONSE: They are going to get a soft drink / some soda pop. PROMPT: Where are they going to buy their drinks? RESPONSE: At the soft drink vending machine on the left side of the building. PROMPT: When was the machine out of order? RESPONSE: It was out of order yesterday. PROMPT: Was the machine out of order or was it working in the morning? RESPONSE: It was working in the morning. PROMPT: What kind of drink does Ann want? RESPONSE: She wants a diet drink. PROMPT: Why didn't Ann get her soda? RESPONSE: Because the machine was out of diet sodas. # SKIPPED (book): Listening Skill "WHAT'S IT ABOUT?" — instructor-read paragraphs to select topic and main idea, no printed stimuli. # SKIPPED (book): "HOW DO YOU WANT YOUR COFFEE?" — instructor-read listening exercise with no printed sentences. # Source: LLA 1A Figure 9 (reading) $DIALOGUE Vending Machines Everywhere ID: 10-1a-f9-reading INTRO: Three short paragraphs about vending machines — where they are, where they came from, and why people love them. Just listen; questions follow. INSTRUCTION: Listen to the paragraphs. Narrator: Vending machines are everywhere; they're all around the world. You can find them in many places. They sell snacks, soft drinks, stamps, cigarettes, socks, stockings, sandwiches, and many other things. People everywhere can get almost anything from a vending machine. {bk10-l1a-f9-ex.mp3} Narrator: People enjoy vending machines. In 1880, one of the first vending machines sold chewing gum. In 1902, some cities had rooms for vending machines only. These machines sold different snacks. Then, in 1927, machines started to sell soft drinks. These machines were popular in 1880, and they are popular today. {bk10-l1a-f9-01.mp3} Narrator: You can always eat or drink something when there's a vending machine near you. Many people get hungry between meals and buy snacks from vending machines. The machines have a big selection of things. People can eat snacks at any time of the day or night. Vending machines never close. It's good to have one near your home. {bk10-l1a-f9-02.mp3} # Source: LLA 1A Figure 9 (task) $SELECT Find the Main Idea ID: 10-1a-f9 REFERENCE INTRO: For each paragraph, tap the statement that gives its main idea — the big point, not just one detail. You can review the paragraphs while you decide. INSTRUCTION: Tap the main idea. EXAMPLE TEMPLATE: What is the main idea of the first paragraph? OPTION: a | Vending machines are in restrooms. OPTION: b | People everywhere use vending machines. OPTION: c | Vending machines sell clothes. ANSWER: b TEMPLATE: What is the main idea of the second paragraph? OPTION: a | Vending machines are in rooms. OPTION: b | The first vending machine sold gum. OPTION: c | Vending machines are popular machines. ANSWER: c TEMPLATE: What is the main idea of the third paragraph? OPTION: a | It's good to have a vending machine near your home. OPTION: b | People get hungry between meals and want snacks. OPTION: c | Vending machines sell many different snacks and drinks. ANSWER: a $SESSION 1-3: How To # Source: LLA 1A Figure 10 $DIALOGUE "How To" Sentences ID: 10-1a-f10 INTRO: In this part you'll talk about learning itself — teaching, showing, forgetting, and finding out "how to" do things. Listen to the sentences and repeat them. INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat. REPEAT LINE: Mary learned how to cook chicken. {bk10-l1a-f10-01.mp3} LINE: Did you teach your wife how to drive? {bk10-l1a-f10-02.mp3} LINE: Barry asked Tony how to make a cake. {bk10-l1a-f10-03.mp3} LINE: Where did Tim learn how to operate this machine? {bk10-l1a-f10-04.mp3} LINE: Martin didn't find out how to fix the car. {bk10-l1a-f10-05.mp3} LINE: Who showed her how to change the tire? {bk10-l1a-f10-06.mp3} LINE: Marge forgot how to start the machine. {bk10-l1a-f10-07.mp3} LINE: Do you remember how to turn on that machine? {bk10-l1a-f10-08.mp3} LINE: Please show Fran how to do the math problem. {bk10-l1a-f10-09.mp3} LINE: Where did you learn how to use that machine? {bk10-l1a-f10-10.mp3} # Source: ST §Jim Knows How To Play Tennis. $GRAMMAR The "How To" Pattern ID: l1-s17 INTRO: Here's the "how to" pattern in one table — a verb like "know" or "teach", then "how to", then the action. The pattern is always the same: a verb, then **how to**, then the action. You can {learn how to fix the car} by yourself, or someone can {show you how to fix the car}. And when you can't do either, you {ask how to fix the car}. | | | | | | |---|---|---|---|---| | Bill | found out / forgot / knew / learned / remembered | | how to | fix the car. | | Bill | showed / told / taught | me | how to | fix the car. | | Bill | asked | (me) | how to | fix the car. | Notice: with **show**, **tell**, and **teach**, you say *who* is learning — {Bill showed me how to fix the car.} # Source: ST §Read the Sentences $DIALOGUE More "How To" Sentences ID: l1-s18 INTRO: The same pattern, nine more ways. Read each sentence and notice the verb before "how to". INSTRUCTION: Read the sentences. LINE: Jim forgot how to operate this machine. LINE: Did you find out how to repair the bicycle? LINE: Yes, I'll tell you how to fix it. LINE: Robert will teach him how to use it again. LINE: I don't know how to drive a truck. LINE: When did George learn how to cook? LINE: What is Sue showing Tom how to do? LINE: Jane doesn't remember how to fly the plane. LINE: Keith asked me how to fix the radio. # Source: LLA 1A Figure 11 $PRODUCE Answer with "How To" ID: 10-1a-f11 INPUT: speak CHECK: reveal INTRO: Now you answer. Listen to each question and use the "Yes" or "No" cue on the screen to answer aloud with a full "how to" sentence. INSTRUCTION: Answer aloud with a full sentence. REPEAT EXAMPLE TEMPLATE: No PROMPT: Do you know how to operate a vending machine? {bk10-l1a-f11-ex-q.mp3} RESPONSE: No, I don't know how to operate a vending machine. {bk10-l1a-f11-ex-a.mp3} TEMPLATE: No PROMPT: Do you remember how to change a flat tire? {bk10-l1a-f11-01-q.mp3} RESPONSE: No, I don't remember how to change a flat tire. {bk10-l1a-f11-01-a.mp3} TEMPLATE: Yes PROMPT: Can you find out how to use this washing machine? {bk10-l1a-f11-02-q.mp3} RESPONSE: Yes, I can find out how to use this washing machine. {bk10-l1a-f11-02-a.mp3} TEMPLATE: Yes PROMPT: Did you forget how to make the cookies? {bk10-l1a-f11-03-q.mp3} RESPONSE: Yes, I forgot how to make the cookies. {bk10-l1a-f11-03-a.mp3} TEMPLATE: No PROMPT: Has Fred learned how to drive a car? {bk10-l1a-f11-04-q.mp3} RESPONSE: No, Fred hasn't learned how to drive a car. {bk10-l1a-f11-04-a.mp3} TEMPLATE: Yes PROMPT: Did Charles ask how to make a long-distance call? {bk10-l1a-f11-05-q.mp3} RESPONSE: Yes, Charles asked how to make a long-distance call. {bk10-l1a-f11-05-a.mp3} TEMPLATE: No PROMPT: Can Mark show you how to play tennis? {bk10-l1a-f11-06-q.mp3} RESPONSE: No, Mark can't show me how to play tennis. {bk10-l1a-f11-06-a.mp3} TEMPLATE: Yes PROMPT: Is Mrs. Allen going to teach you how to speak English? {bk10-l1a-f11-07-q.mp3} RESPONSE: Yes, Mrs. Allen is going to teach me how to speak English. {bk10-l1a-f11-07-a.mp3} TEMPLATE: No PROMPT: Did Kate tell you how to find her house? {bk10-l1a-f11-08-q.mp3} RESPONSE: No, Kate didn't tell me how to find her house. {bk10-l1a-f11-08-a.mp3} # SKIPPED (book): "I'M NOT GOING TO SHOW YOU HOW." — Instructor asks questions based on printed dialogs; questions are not printed. # Source: ST §His Father Taught Him How To Drive. $PRODUCE Change the Sentence ID: l1-s19 INTRO: Read each sentence, then use the cue word to make a new negative sentence with "how to" — Pele showed Jimmy soccer, but not baseball. INSTRUCTION: Use the cue word and make a new negative sentence. INPUT: speak CHECK: llm SHOW_PROMPT RUBRIC: The learner must form a new sentence incorporating the cue word into a "how to" structure. Usually this involves making the original sentence negative and stating the new action. EXAMPLE PROMPT: Pele showed Jimmy how to play soccer. TEMPLATE: (baseball) RESPONSE: Pele didn't show Jimmy how to play baseball. PROMPT: Marie taught Jane how to cook. TEMPLATE: (drive) RESPONSE: Marie didn't teach Jane how to drive. PROMPT: Sgt Rogers showed Sgt Anderson how to repair the plane. TEMPLATE: (fly) RESPONSE: Sgt Rogers didn't show Sgt Anderson how to fly the plane. PROMPT: Betty found out how to lock the window. TEMPLATE: (repair) RESPONSE: Betty didn't find out how to repair the window. PROMPT: Lt Anderson knows how to drive. TEMPLATE: (fly) RESPONSE: Lt Anderson doesn't know how to fly. PROMPT: Jerome told me how to find his house. TEMPLATE: (office) RESPONSE: Jerome didn't tell me how to find his office. PROMPT: Captain Klein remembered how to fly the plane. TEMPLATE: (repair) RESPONSE: Captain Klein didn't remember how to repair the plane. PROMPT: Dennis asked Judy how to cook the chicken. TEMPLATE: (beef) RESPONSE: Dennis didn't ask Judy how to cook the beef. PROMPT: Tony forgot how to speak French. TEMPLATE: (Italian) RESPONSE: Tony didn't forget how to speak Italian. # Source: ST §I Learned How to Cook and Wash. $PRODUCE Yes and No with "How To" ID: l1-s20 INTRO: Answer each question with the cued information: "yes, and" adds a second skill; "no, but" trades one skill for another. Say the whole sentence. INSTRUCTION: Answer with the cue, using "how to". INPUT: speak CHECK: llm SHOW_PROMPT RUBRIC: The learner should produce a complete sentence answering the question with the cued information, using the structure "how to". EXAMPLE PROMPT: Does Jim know how to play football? TEMPLATE: (yes, and soccer) RESPONSE: Yes, Jim knows how to play football and soccer. EXAMPLE PROMPT: Does Jim know how to play football? TEMPLATE: (no, but soccer) RESPONSE: No, Jim doesn't know how to play football, but he knows how to play soccer. PROMPT: Did Fred learn how to cook? TEMPLATE: (no, but wash clothes) RESPONSE: No, Fred didn't learn how to cook, but he learned how to wash clothes. PROMPT: Did he show you how to fix the clock? TEMPLATE: (yes, and lamp) RESPONSE: Yes, he showed me how to fix the clock and the lamp. PROMPT: Did Bobby learn how to multiply? TEMPLATE: (yes, and divide) RESPONSE: Yes, Bobby learned how to multiply and divide. PROMPT: Did Ali teach you how to speak Arabic? TEMPLATE: (yes, and French) RESPONSE: Yes, Ali taught me how to speak Arabic and French. PROMPT: Did Cathy forget how to operate the recorder? TEMPLATE: (no, but the washing machine) RESPONSE: No, Cathy didn't forget how to operate the recorder, but she forgot how to operate the washing machine. PROMPT: Did you ask me how to spell "store"? TEMPLATE: (no, but score) RESPONSE: No, I didn't ask you how to spell "store", but I asked you how to spell "score". PROMPT: Does Captain Richards know how to fly a jet? TEMPLATE: (yes, and helicopter) RESPONSE: Yes, Captain Richards knows how to fly a jet and a helicopter. PROMPT: Did your father tell you how to start the car? TEMPLATE: (no, but wash it) RESPONSE: No, my father didn't tell me how to start the car, but he told me how to wash it. # Source: ST §Please Teach Me How To Operate This Machine. $DIALOGUE Willie Learns to Do His Laundry ID: l1-s15 INTRO: Willie moved away from home and met his first washing machine. Read how his roommate Frank taught him how to operate it — step by step. INSTRUCTION: Read the paragraphs. VOCAB: learn how to LINE: When Willie moved away from home, he had to learn how to do his laundry. {st-page_024_001.jpg} VOCAB: first time LINE: The first time he went to the laundry room in the barracks, he didn't know how to operate a washing machine. VOCAB: find out LINE: He had to find out. LINE: Willie had a roommate, Frank. LINE: Frank knew how to operate a washing machine. VOCAB: taught LINE: Frank taught Willie. These were his instructions: LINE: First, put your light clothes in one machine, and your dark clothes in another machine. LINE: They have to be in different machines. LINE: Next, select the correct temperature. LINE: Wash light colors in warm water and use cold water for dark colors. LINE: Put one cup of detergent in each machine. VOCAB: quarters LINE: Then insert four quarters in the slots. VOCAB: last LINE: Last, push the coin tray in. LINE: Willie found out that it was very easy to operate a washing machine. LINE: He was glad because he had to do his laundry many, many times after that. # Source: ST §questions on Willie $PRODUCE Questions About Willie ID: l1-s16 REFERENCE INTRO: Now answer some questions about Willie and his laundry. Answer aloud in a full sentence; look back at the story if you need to. INSTRUCTION: Answer these questions about the paragraphs. INPUT: speak CHECK: llm SHOW_PROMPT RUBRIC: Treat the model answer as the factual key; accept any phrasing or short form of the same fact(s). PROMPT: What did Willie have to do when he moved away from home? RESPONSE: He had to learn how to do his laundry. PROMPT: What did Frank teach Willie? RESPONSE: Frank taught Willie how to operate a washing machine. PROMPT: Did Frank say to put dark clothes in the same machine with light clothes? RESPONSE: No, he said they have to be in different machines. PROMPT: What is the last thing Willie has to do? RESPONSE: The last thing Willie has to do is push the coin tray in. PROMPT: What did Willie find out about washing clothes? RESPONSE: He found out that it was very easy to operate a washing machine. PROMPT: How many times did Willie have to do his laundry after that? RESPONSE: He had to do it many, many times after that. $SESSION 1-4: Favorite, Out Of, and No # Source: ST §My Favorite Sport Is Soccer. $DIALOGUE My Favorite Sport ID: l1-s8 INTRO: This part adds everyday words like "favorite" and "no", and you'll build longer sentences. First, Rick and Ali talk sports — and discover that football has two names. INSTRUCTION: Read the dialog. VOCAB: favorite Rick: Gary likes basketball a lot. I like football the most. What's your favorite sport? VOCAB: everywhere Ali: My favorite sport is football. Football is very popular in my country. People play football everywhere. Rick: Soccer, you mean. Ali: Oh, yes, I forgot that it's called soccer in the United States. # Source: LLA 1B Figure 1 $DIALOGUE New Words in Sentences ID: 10-1b-f1 INTRO: Six sentences with this part's key words — "favorite", "out of", "no", and friends. Listen and repeat each one. INSTRUCTION: Repeat the words and sentences. REPEAT LINE: I like this kind of gum better than any other kind. It's my favorite. {bk10-l1b-f1-01.mp3} LINE: This machine works well. It operates easily all the time. {bk10-l1b-f1-02.mp3} LINE: The machine was out of my favorite gum. There wasn't any left. {bk10-l1b-f1-03.mp3} LINE: Stick the coin in this slot. Insert the coin here. {bk10-l1b-f1-04.mp3} VOCAB: time LINE: I went to the library 2 times last week. {bk10-l1b-f1-05.mp3} VOCAB: no LINE: The machine had no coffee. It didn't have any coffee. {bk10-l1b-f1-06.mp3} # Source: LLA 1B Figure 2 $PRODUCE Complete the Sentence ID: 10-1b-f2 INPUT: type CHECK: exact INTRO: Listen to the start of each sentence and type the word or phrase that finishes it, then repeat the completed sentence. The tape confirms your answer. INSTRUCTION: Type the correct word or phrase to complete the sentence. REPEAT EXAMPLE PROMPT: When you like something a lot, it's your— {bk10-l1b-f2-ex-q.mp3} TEMPLATE: When you like something a lot, it's your ____. RESPONSE: When you like something a lot, it's your favorite. {bk10-l1b-f2-ex-a.mp3} ACCEPT: favorite PROMPT: When you insert a coin in the slot, you— {bk10-l1b-f2-01-q.mp3} TEMPLATE: When you insert a coin in the slot, you ____. RESPONSE: When you insert a coin in the slot, you stick it in. {bk10-l1b-f2-01-a.mp3} ACCEPT: stick it in PROMPT: There isn't any more candy. The machine is— {bk10-l1b-f2-02-q.mp3} TEMPLATE: There isn't any more candy, the machine is ____. RESPONSE: There isn't any more candy. The machine is out of it. {bk10-l1b-f2-02-a.mp3} ACCEPT: out of it PROMPT: The machine is operating well. It is— {bk10-l1b-f2-03-q.mp3} TEMPLATE: The machine is operating well. It is ____. RESPONSE: The machine is operating well. It is working. {bk10-l1b-f2-03-a.mp3} ACCEPT: working PROMPT: That machine doesn't have any diet drinks. It has— {bk10-l1b-f2-04-q.mp3} TEMPLATE: That machine doesn't have any diet drinks. It has ____ diet drinks. RESPONSE: That machine doesn't have any diet drinks. It has no diet drinks. {bk10-l1b-f2-04-a.mp3} ACCEPT: no PROMPT: Marge can't go today. She can't go this— {bk10-l1b-f2-05-q.mp3} TEMPLATE: Marge can't go today. She can't go this ____. RESPONSE: Marge can't go today. She can't go this time. {bk10-l1b-f2-05-a.mp3} ACCEPT: time # Source: LLA 1B Figure 3 $DIALOGUE More New Words ID: 10-1b-f3 INTRO: A few more: "lastly", "cream", "finally" — and "stick" doing yet another job, this time on an envelope. Listen and repeat. INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat. REPEAT LINE: She is out of the office for the day. She's not in the office today. {bk10-l1b-f3-01.mp3} VOCAB: lastly LINE: First he went to the school. Then he went to the library. And lastly he went to the barracks. {bk10-l1b-f3-02.mp3} VOCAB: cream LINE: Cream comes from milk. I like cream in my coffee. {bk10-l1b-f3-03.mp3} LINE: He tried to start the car many times. Finally he called a mechanic. At last he got some help. {bk10-l1b-f3-04.mp3} LINE: The letter needs another stamp. Stick this one on the envelope, please. {bk10-l1b-f3-05.mp3} LINE: He had no money. He didn't have any money. {bk10-l1b-f3-06.mp3} # Source: LLA 1B Figure 4 $SELECT Similar Meaning ID: 10-1b-f4 INTRO: Listen to each sentence and tap the option that means about the same thing, then repeat it aloud. INSTRUCTION: Tap the sentence with a similar meaning. REPEAT PROMPT: We get cream from milk. {bk10-l1b-f4-01-q.mp3} OPTION: a | Milk comes from cream. OPTION: b | Cream comes from milk. {bk10-l1b-f4-01-a.mp3} OPTION: c | Put cream in your coffee. ANSWER: b PROMPT: He didn't have any change. {bk10-l1b-f4-02-q.mp3} OPTION: a | He had some change. OPTION: b | He had no change. {bk10-l1b-f4-02-a.mp3} OPTION: c | He had any change. ANSWER: b PROMPT: At last the class is over. {bk10-l1b-f4-03-q.mp3} OPTION: a | Finally, the class is over. {bk10-l1b-f4-03-a.mp3} OPTION: b | Lastly, we go to class. OPTION: c | Sadly the class is over. ANSWER: a PROMPT: Mary won't be home all day today. {bk10-l1b-f4-04-q.mp3} OPTION: a | She'll be there for the day. OPTION: b | She'll be in the house. OPTION: c | She'll be out of the house. {bk10-l1b-f4-04-a.mp3} ANSWER: c PROMPT: Put another stamp on the letter. {bk10-l1b-f4-05-q.mp3} OPTION: a | Stick it on the envelope. {bk10-l1b-f4-05-a.mp3} OPTION: b | Stamp it on the envelope. OPTION: c | Lift the envelope. ANSWER: a PROMPT: First he called her. Then he went to see her. {bk10-l1b-f4-06-q.mp3} OPTION: a | Last, he went to see her. {bk10-l1b-f4-06-a.mp3} OPTION: b | First he went to see her. OPTION: c | Then he called her. ANSWER: a # Source: ST §There's No Money For a New Car. $GRAMMAR "There's No Sugar" ID: l1-s11 INTRO: A quick look at "no" after "there is" and "there are" — the shortest way to say something isn't there at all. When there isn't any of something, you can say it with **no**: {There's no sugar in a diet drink.} {There are no students in room C.} | There's | a lot of | sugar | in a soda pop. | |---|---|---|---| | | a little | | in juice. | | | no | | in a diet drink. | | There are | a lot of | students | in room A. | |---|---|---|---| | | a few | | in room B. | | | no | | in room C. | Use **There's no** with singular or uncountable things, and **There are no** with plurals. # Source: ST §Make Sentences With "No" $PRODUCE Sentences with "There's No" ID: l1-s12 INTRO: Use each cue to say a full sentence with "There is no" or "There are no" — or "was" and "were" if the past fits better. An empty vending machine, an empty lab: say it out loud. INSTRUCTION: Make a sentence with There is/are/was/were + no. INPUT: speak CHECK: llm SHOW_PROMPT RUBRIC: Accept a grammatically correct sentence beginning with "There is no", "There are no", "There was no", or "There were no" using the cued phrase. EXAMPLE PROMPT: candy bars in the vending machine RESPONSE: There were no candy bars in the vending machine yesterday. PROMPT: headsets in the lab RESPONSE: There are no headsets in the lab. PROMPT: milk in the refrigerator RESPONSE: There is no milk in the refrigerator. PROMPT: diet sodas RESPONSE: There are no diet sodas. PROMPT: phones in the building RESPONSE: There are no phones in the building. PROMPT: sports on TV tonight RESPONSE: There are no sports on TV tonight. PROMPT: shelves in the bookcase RESPONSE: There are no shelves in the bookcase. PROMPT: vending machines in the barracks RESPONSE: There are no vending machines in the barracks. PROMPT: students in the lab RESPONSE: There are no students in the lab. # Source: ST §Make Sentences With "Have No" $PRODUCE Sentences with "Have No" ID: l1-s13 INTRO: Same idea, different verb: make sentences with "have", "has", or "had" plus "no". Pick any subject that makes sense. INSTRUCTION: Make a sentence with have/has/had + no. INPUT: speak CHECK: llm SHOW_PROMPT RUBRIC: Accept a grammatically correct sentence using a subject and have/has/had + no + the cued phrase. EXAMPLE PROMPT: more time for TV RESPONSE: The children have no more time for TV on school nights. PROMPT: new winter clothes RESPONSE: I have no new winter clothes. PROMPT: more change for the vending machine RESPONSE: We have no more change for the vending machine. PROMPT: money for a new car RESPONSE: She has no money for a new car. PROMPT: friends in this city RESPONSE: He has no friends in this city. PROMPT: time for a movie RESPONSE: They have no time for a movie. PROMPT: more film for my camera RESPONSE: I have no more film for my camera. PROMPT: identification RESPONSE: You have no identification. PROMPT: more checks in her checkbook RESPONSE: She has no more checks in her checkbook. # Source: LLA 1B Figure 5 $PRODUCE Make a Long Sentence ID: 10-1b-f5 INPUT: speak CHECK: reveal INTRO: Now stretch your sentences. Read the short sentence on the screen, listen to the extra phrase, and say the whole long sentence aloud. INSTRUCTION: Combine the sentence and the phrase you hear. REPEAT EXAMPLE TEMPLATE: George lifted the door of the vending machine. PROMPT: For his selection. {bk10-l1b-f5-ex-q.mp3} RESPONSE: George lifted the door of the vending machine for his selection. {bk10-l1b-f5-ex-a.mp3} TEMPLATE: Sally bought a new dress. PROMPT: With pockets. {bk10-l1b-f5-01-q.mp3} RESPONSE: Sally bought a new dress with big pockets. {bk10-l1b-f5-01-a.mp3} TEMPLATE: Frank had an accident. PROMPT: In his friend's car. {bk10-l1b-f5-02-q.mp3} RESPONSE: Frank had an accident in his friend's car. {bk10-l1b-f5-02-a.mp3} TEMPLATE: Jan pulled the knob on the machine. PROMPT: For some coffee with cream. {bk10-l1b-f5-03-q.mp3} RESPONSE: Jan pulled the knob on the machine for some coffee with cream. {bk10-l1b-f5-03-a.mp3} TEMPLATE: Hal didn't want to go out for dinner. PROMPT: Without money. {bk10-l1b-f5-04-q.mp3} RESPONSE: Hal didn't want to go out for dinner without money. {bk10-l1b-f5-04-a.mp3} TEMPLATE: Ted watched his favorite show. PROMPT: On TV last night. {bk10-l1b-f5-05-q.mp3} RESPONSE: Ted watched his favorite show on TV last night. {bk10-l1b-f5-05-a.mp3} TEMPLATE: Ali left his books. PROMPT: In the classroom. {bk10-l1b-f5-06-q.mp3} RESPONSE: Ali left his books in the classroom. {bk10-l1b-f5-06-a.mp3} TEMPLATE: Bill taught John how to change the tire. PROMPT: On the truck. {bk10-l1b-f5-07-q.mp3} RESPONSE: Bill taught John how to change the tire on the truck. {bk10-l1b-f5-07-a.mp3} # Source: ST §Combine the Sentences $PRODUCE Combine the Sentences ID: l1-s21 INTRO: Read the two short sentences and say them as one — two quarters, one slot, one sentence. There's usually more than one good way. INSTRUCTION: Combine the two sentences into one and say it aloud. INPUT: speak CHECK: llm SHOW_PROMPT RUBRIC: The learner must combine the two sentences into a single logical sentence (e.g., using a prepositional phrase, infinitive of purpose, or conjunction). Accept any grammatically correct and logically equivalent combination. EXAMPLE PROMPT: Tom dropped two quarters in the slot. He wanted a soda water. RESPONSE: Tom dropped two quarters in the slot for a soda water. PROMPT: Bob used the vending machine. He used his last quarter. RESPONSE: Bob used his last quarter in the vending machine. PROMPT: Ned is arriving at two o'clock. Ned is arriving on Tuesday. RESPONSE: Ned is arriving at two o'clock on Tuesday. PROMPT: Sally wants to go on a trip. She wants Jan to go with her. RESPONSE: Sally wants to go on a trip with Jan. PROMPT: Mark went to the drugstore. He got some medicine. RESPONSE: Mark went to the drugstore to get some medicine. PROMPT: I have a glass of tea every day. I put sugar in it. RESPONSE: I have a glass of tea with sugar in it every day. PROMPT: Harry bought a new suit. It has two pairs of pants. RESPONSE: Harry bought a new suit with two pairs of pants. PROMPT: My favorite restaurant is downtown. It is on the river. RESPONSE: My favorite restaurant is downtown on the river. PROMPT: That restaurant has good soup. They serve hot bread with it. RESPONSE: That restaurant has good soup with hot bread. $SESSION 1-5: Tell Me How to Work This Machine # Source: LLA 1B Figure 6 $DIALOGUE How to Work the Machine ID: 10-1b-f6 INTRO: In this part you'll ask strangers for help with machines — and give help yourself. First, a woman meets an unfamiliar vending machine. Just listen. INSTRUCTION: Listen to the conversation. Woman: Excuse me, sir, can you tell me how to work this machine? {bk10-l1b-f6-d1-01.mp3} Man: Sure. Insert the exact change in the slot, then pull the knob of your selection. {bk10-l1b-f6-d1-02.mp3} Woman: Do I have to use the exact change? {bk10-l1b-f6-d1-03.mp3} Man: Yes. This machine doesn't give change. {bk10-l1b-f6-d1-04.mp3} # Source: LLA 1B Figure 6 (questions) $PRODUCE Questions: Working the Machine ID: 10-1b-f6-b REFERENCE INTRO: Now answer questions about that conversation. Answer aloud with a full sentence, then repeat the model answer. INSTRUCTION: Answer aloud. INPUT: speak CHECK: reveal REPEAT SHOW_PROMPT PROMPT: What did the woman ask? {bk10-l1b-f6-01-q.mp3} RESPONSE: She asked how to work the machine. {bk10-l1b-f6-01-a.mp3} PROMPT: What did the man tell her to do first? {bk10-l1b-f6-02-q.mp3} RESPONSE: He told her to insert the money first. {bk10-l1b-f6-02-a.mp3} PROMPT: Which knob did the man tell her to pull? {bk10-l1b-f6-03-q.mp3} RESPONSE: He told her to pull the selection knob. {bk10-l1b-f6-03-a.mp3} PROMPT: What must the woman do? {bk10-l1b-f6-04-q.mp3} RESPONSE: She must use exact change. {bk10-l1b-f6-04-a.mp3} PROMPT: Does the machine give change? {bk10-l1b-f6-05-q.mp3} RESPONSE: No, it doesn't. {bk10-l1b-f6-05-a.mp3} # Source: LLA 1B Figure 7 $DIALOGUE The Coins Are Stuck ID: 10-1b-f7 INTRO: Another machine, another problem: the diet drink won't come out. Listen for what the woman suggests. INSTRUCTION: Listen to the conversation. Man: Excuse me. I put some money in this vending machine, but the diet drink didn't come out. Is it out of order, or out of diet drink? {bk10-l1b-f7-d1-01.mp3} Woman: I don't think it's out of order. I bought a soft drink a few minutes ago. Maybe the coins are stuck. {bk10-l1b-f7-d1-02.mp3} Man: What should I do? {bk10-l1b-f7-d1-03.mp3} Woman: Push the coin release. You'll get your money back, or you can make another selection. {bk10-l1b-f7-d1-04.mp3} # Source: LLA 1B Figure 7 (questions) $PRODUCE Questions: Stuck Coins ID: 10-1b-f7-b REFERENCE INTRO: Three questions about the stuck coins. Answer aloud, then repeat the model answer. INSTRUCTION: Answer aloud with a full sentence. INPUT: speak CHECK: reveal REPEAT SHOW_PROMPT PROMPT: What kind of drink did the man want? {bk10-l1b-f7-01-q.mp3} RESPONSE: He wanted a diet drink. {bk10-l1b-f7-01-a.mp3} PROMPT: What did the woman think about the machine? {bk10-l1b-f7-02-q.mp3} RESPONSE: She thought the coins were stuck. {bk10-l1b-f7-02-a.mp3} PROMPT: What did she tell him to do? {bk10-l1b-f7-03-q.mp3} RESPONSE: She told him to push the coin release. {bk10-l1b-f7-03-a.mp3} # Source: LLA 1B Figure 8 $DIALOGUE Ned's Coffee ID: 10-1b-f8 INTRO: Ned just wanted his morning coffee. The machine had other plans. Listen to the whole sad story. INSTRUCTION: Listen to the paragraph. LINE: Ned wanted some coffee. {bk10-l1b-f8-p1-01.mp3} LINE: He went to his favorite vending machine. {bk10-l1b-f8-p1-02.mp3} LINE: This machine always worked and was never out of coffee. {bk10-l1b-f8-p1-03.mp3} LINE: Ned stuck a coin in the slot, but the machine didn't work. {bk10-l1b-f8-p1-04.mp3} LINE: No coffee? I can't go out and get coffee right now because I can't be out of my office at this time. {bk10-l1b-f8-p1-05.mp3} LINE: I guess I'll try it again before I try another machine. {bk10-l1b-f8-p1-06.mp3} LINE: He inserted another coin and pulled the knobs, first for black coffee, then for coffee with cream, and lastly coffee with cream and sugar. {bk10-l1b-f8-p1-07.mp3} LINE: They didn't work. {bk10-l1b-f8-p1-08.mp3} LINE: Finally, after he tried many times, Ned wrote "Out of Order" on a piece of paper and stuck it to the machine. {bk10-l1b-f8-p1-09.mp3} LINE: He didn't get any coffee until he went to lunch because he had no more change. {bk10-l1b-f8-p1-10.mp3} LINE: Ned felt awful all day because he didn't have his morning coffee. {bk10-l1b-f8-p1-11.mp3} # Source: LLA 1B Figure 8 (questions) $PRODUCE Questions About Ned ID: 10-1b-f8-b REFERENCE INTRO: Answer these questions about Ned's terrible, coffee-less morning. Answer aloud, then repeat the model answer. INSTRUCTION: Answer aloud with a full sentence. INPUT: speak CHECK: reveal REPEAT SHOW_PROMPT PROMPT: Where did Ned go to get his coffee? {bk10-l1b-f8-01-q.mp3} RESPONSE: He went to his favorite vending machine. {bk10-l1b-f8-01-a.mp3} PROMPT: Why was that his favorite vending machine? {bk10-l1b-f8-02-q.mp3} RESPONSE: Because it always worked and was never out of coffee. {bk10-l1b-f8-02-a.mp3} PROMPT: Why can't he go out and get coffee? {bk10-l1b-f8-03-q.mp3} RESPONSE: Because he can't be out of his office at this time. {bk10-l1b-f8-03-a.mp3} PROMPT: What did Ned write on a piece of paper? {bk10-l1b-f8-04-q.mp3} RESPONSE: He wrote "Out of Order" on it. {bk10-l1b-f8-04-a.mp3} PROMPT: What did he do with the paper? {bk10-l1b-f8-05-q.mp3} RESPONSE: He stuck it to the vending machine. {bk10-l1b-f8-05-a.mp3} # Source: LLA 1C Figure 5 $DIALOGUE How to Use the Soda Machine ID: 10-1c-f5 INTRO: Now you say the lines. Hank asks Pete how to use a soft drink machine. Listen and repeat each line. INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat each line. REPEAT Hank: Excuse me. Can you tell me how to use this machine? {page_024_001.jpg} {bk10-l1c-f5-01.mp3} Pete: Sure. Put the money in the slot, make your selection, and pull the knob. {page_024_001.jpg} {bk10-l1c-f5-02.mp3} Hank: Do I get the soda then? {page_024_001.jpg} {bk10-l1c-f5-03.mp3} Pete: Yes. It will drop right here. Lift this door and get your drink. {page_024_001.jpg} {bk10-l1c-f5-04.mp3} Hank: Thanks for your help. {page_024_001.jpg} {bk10-l1c-f5-05.mp3} # Source: LLA 1C Figure 6 $DIALOGUE The Stamp Machine ID: 10-1c-f6 INTRO: Not everything in a machine is edible. Eric needs stamps; Adam knows the machine. Listen and repeat each line. INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat each line. REPEAT Eric: Will you please show me how this machine works? I need some stamps. {page_024_002.jpg} {bk10-l1c-f6-01.mp3} Adam: Of course. Put your money in this slot, push this button, and pull the stamps out right here. {page_024_002.jpg} {bk10-l1c-f6-02.mp3} Eric: Will the machine give me change? {page_024_002.jpg} {bk10-l1c-f6-03.mp3} Adam: Yes, it will. {page_024_002.jpg} {bk10-l1c-f6-04.mp3} # Source: LLA 1C Figure 7 (dialog 1) $DIALOGUE Brad Buys a Candy Bar ID: 10-1c-f7a INTRO: Brad wants a candy bar and Carl knows the machine's one rule: coins first, button second. Just listen. INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue. Brad: I want a candy bar, Carl. Do you know how to work this vending machine? {bk10-l1c-f7-01.mp3} Carl: Yes, Brad. Insert your coins here, make your selection, and then push that button. Be sure the coins drop before you push the button. {bk10-l1c-f7-02.mp3} Brad: I was doing it wrong. I pushed the button before the coins dropped. {bk10-l1c-f7-03.mp3} # Source: LLA 1C Figure 7 (questions 1) $PRODUCE Questions: Brad's Candy Bar ID: 10-1c-f7b REFERENCE: 10-1c-f7a INTRO: Two questions about Brad. Answer aloud in a complete sentence, then repeat the correct answer. INSTRUCTION: Answer the question aloud. INPUT: speak CHECK: reveal REPEAT PROMPT: What did Brad want to know? {bk10-l1c-f7-04.mp3} RESPONSE: Brad wanted to know how to work the vending machine. {bk10-l1c-f7-05.mp3} PROMPT: What did Brad do wrong? {bk10-l1c-f7-06.mp3} RESPONSE: Brad pushed the button before the coins dropped. {bk10-l1c-f7-07.mp3} # Source: LLA 1C Figure 7 (dialog 2) $DIALOGUE Nothing Came Out ID: 10-1c-f7c INTRO: Dave and Fred try everything — different knobs, the coin release — and reach the only possible conclusion. Just listen. INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue. Dave: Fred, how do you operate this machine? I put some money in it, but nothing came out. {bk10-l1c-f7-08.mp3} Fred: Maybe it's out of that kind of snack, Dave. Pull a different knob. {bk10-l1c-f7-09.mp3} Dave: I pull them all and nothing happens. {bk10-l1c-f7-10.mp3} Fred: Well, maybe the coins are stuck. Push the coin release. {bk10-l1c-f7-11.mp3} Dave: I did that too. {bk10-l1c-f7-12.mp3} Fred: Then it's out of order. {bk10-l1c-f7-13.mp3} # Source: LLA 1C Figure 7 (questions 2) $PRODUCE Questions: Nothing Came Out ID: 10-1c-f7d REFERENCE: 10-1c-f7c INTRO: Answer these questions about Dave, Fred, and the machine that defeated them both. INSTRUCTION: Answer the question aloud. INPUT: speak CHECK: reveal REPEAT PROMPT: What did Dave ask Fred? {bk10-l1c-f7-14.mp3} RESPONSE: He asked Fred how to operate the machine. {bk10-l1c-f7-15.mp3} PROMPT: What did Fred tell Dave to do first? {bk10-l1c-f7-16.mp3} RESPONSE: First, he told Dave to pull a different knob. {bk10-l1c-f7-17.mp3} PROMPT: Then what did he tell Dave to do? {bk10-l1c-f7-18.mp3} RESPONSE: Then he told Dave to push the coin release. {bk10-l1c-f7-19.mp3} PROMPT: What was the matter with the machine? {bk10-l1c-f7-20.mp3} RESPONSE: It was out of order. {bk10-l1c-f7-21.mp3} # Source: LLA 1C Figure 8 $SELECT Finish the Instructions ID: 10-1c-f8 INTRO: You'll hear the first part of an instruction. Tap the ending that completes it — all lines you've heard people say at machines in this lesson. INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct ending phrase. OPTION: a | stamps out here. OPTION: b | pull the knob. OPTION: c | try to push the coin return. OPTION: d | how to use this machine? OPTION: e | before you push the button. OPTION: f | you lift this door and get it. PROMPT: Excuse me, can you tell me— {bk10-l1c-f8-01.mp3} ANSWER: d PROMPT: Make your selection and— {bk10-l1c-f8-02.mp3} ANSWER: b PROMPT: The soda will drop and then— {bk10-l1c-f8-03.mp3} ANSWER: f PROMPT: Push this button and pull the— {bk10-l1c-f8-04.mp3} ANSWER: a PROMPT: Be sure the coins drop— {bk10-l1c-f8-05.mp3} ANSWER: e PROMPT: When the coins stick— {bk10-l1c-f8-06.mp3} ANSWER: c # Source: ST §Can You Tell Me ...? $DIALOGUE Ways to Ask How ID: l1-s30 INSTRUCTION: Read the sentences. INTRO: There's more than one way to ask for help. Read these sentences — every one of them gets a machine explained to you. LINE: Can you tell me how to use this machine? {st-page_036_001.jpg} LINE: Sure. Just put the money in the slot. LINE: Wait until it drops. Then lift this door. LINE: Make your selection. LINE: How do you use this machine? LINE: You're supposed to put your money in first. Then pull the knob. LINE: Do you know how to operate this? LINE: Push the button. LINE: Do you know how this machine works? LINE: Show me how this works, please. # Source: ST §Make Your Selection. $DIALOGUE Eight Machine Conversations ID: l1-s31 INTRO: Eight short conversations at eight different machines — drinks, stamps, coffee, candy, and sandwiches. Read them all; by the end you'll have heard every phrase this lesson teaches. INSTRUCTION: Read the dialogs. John: Can you help me, please? I put some money in this machine, but the drink didn't come out. Do you think it's out of order? {st-page_037_001.jpg} Steve: No, I don't. I just bought a soft drink a few minutes ago. Maybe the coins are stuck. John: What should I do? Steve: Push the coin return. You should get your money back. Then try again. Ted: Will you please show me how this machine works? I want to buy a stamp for this letter. {st-page_037_002.jpg} Claire: Sure. Just put a quarter in the slot. Push the button and pull the stamp out. Ted: Will the machine give me change? Claire: Yes, this one does. Look in the change cup. Chuck: Can I get a cup of coffee from this machine? {st-page_038_001.jpg} Ed: Yes, it costs thirty-five cents. NOTES: 35¢ Chuck: Can I get it with sugar and cream? Ed: Sure. You can get coffee with sugar, with cream, or with both. Mark: Can you help me operate this machine? I put some money in it, but nothing came out. {st-page_038_002.jpg} David: Maybe it's out of that kind of candy. Push a different button. Mark: I pushed them all and nothing happens. David: Well, maybe the coins are stuck. Try turning the coin return. Lynn: Do you know where I can get something to eat? {st-page_039_001.jpg} Larry: There's a vending machine with sandwiches in it in the next room. Lynn: Can you come with me and show me how to use it? Larry: Oh, it's easy. Insert the money, make your selection by letter and number, and open the window for your sandwich. Fred: Do you know how to work this machine? I need to buy some stamps. {st-page_039_002.jpg} Jack: Oh, sure. It costs two dollars and fifty cents for a book of stamps. Put the coins in here and push the button below the stamps you want. NOTES: $2.50 Fred: Where can I get some change? Jack: There's a change machine over there. It gives quarters for dollar bills. Adam: I want to get a soda. Do you know how this machine works? {st-page_040_001.jpg} Mark: Yes. First put in fifty cents, make your selection, and then push the button. Be sure that the coins drop before you push the button. NOTES: 50¢ Adam: I'll get you one, too. What's your favorite soda? Mark: Oh, thanks. I'd like a diet soda. Bob: Are there any other vending machines around here? This one's out of order, and I want to get some gum. {st-page_040_002.jpg} Hal: There's a candy machine in the lab building. It's supposed to have gum in it. # Source: ST §Let Me Show You How To Do It! $DIALOGUE Let Me Show You How ID: l1-s37 INTRO: One more time, in pictures: the whole operation from getting change to collecting your snack. Read each step. INSTRUCTION: Read the instructions for how to use a vending machine. LINE: Let me show you how to do it. {st-page_048_001.jpg} LINE: First, get some change. {st-page_048_002.jpg} LINE: Then insert the money in the slot. {st-page_048_003.jpg} LINE: Next, make your selection. Push the button. {st-page_048_004.jpg} LINE: Your selection will drop to the tray. {st-page_048_005.jpg} LINE: And last, take your selection from the machine. {st-page_048_006.jpg} # Source: ST §Excuse Me, Please. $PRODUCE Say It Yourself ID: l1-s32 INTRO: Your turn at the machine. Finish each sentence out loud so it makes sense — anything a person might really say while fighting a vending machine. INSTRUCTION: Complete the sentences logically. Say the full sentence aloud. INPUT: speak CHECK: llm RUBRIC: The learner must complete the sentence fragment to form a logical statement or question about a vending machine. EXAMPLE TEMPLATE: Excuse me, please. How can I ____? RESPONSE: How can I use this machine? TEMPLATE: Maybe the coins are ____. RESPONSE: Maybe the coins are stuck. TEMPLATE: This machine ____. RESPONSE: This machine is out of order. TEMPLATE: How do you ____? RESPONSE: How do you operate this machine? TEMPLATE: I pulled the knob, but ____. RESPONSE: I pulled the knob, but nothing came out. TEMPLATE: I want to buy some ____. RESPONSE: I want to buy some gum. TEMPLATE: Don't ____. RESPONSE: Don't push that button. TEMPLATE: Yes, you can ____. RESPONSE: Yes, you can get change here. TEMPLATE: Oh, sure. Put ____. RESPONSE: Oh, sure. Put your money in the slot. TEMPLATE: Wait until ____. RESPONSE: Wait until the coins drop. TEMPLATE: Can you tell me ____? RESPONSE: Can you tell me how this works? # SKIPPED (book): "I NEED A DRINK." — open role-play task for pairs. # SKIPPED (book): "NOW YOU DO IT!" — tell the class how to do one of these things; open instructor-led production. $SESSION 1-6: Time Clauses and Sequence Words # Source: LLA 1C Figure 1 $DIALOGUE Coffee Before the Bell ID: 10-1c-f1 INTRO: In this part you'll connect sentences with time words: "when", "while", "before", "after", and "until". Peggy and Peter have time for coffee — barely. Listen for the connecting words, then repeat. INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat. REPEAT Peggy: Do we have time for coffee before the bell rings? {page_021_001.jpg} {bk10-l1c-f1-01.mp3} Peter: Yes, I think we have time for a cup before it rings. {page_021_001.jpg} {bk10-l1c-f1-02.mp3} Peggy: Will you hold my books while I get it? {page_021_001.jpg} {bk10-l1c-f1-03.mp3} Peter: Sure. I don't want any, but I'll wait until you get yours. {page_021_001.jpg} {bk10-l1c-f1-04.mp3} Peggy: Will you wait with me while I drink it? {page_021_001.jpg} {bk10-l1c-f1-05.mp3} Peter: Yes, we're early. I can wait until you finish it. {page_021_001.jpg} {bk10-l1c-f1-06.mp3} # Source: ST §When, While, After, Before, Until $GRAMMAR When, While, After, Before, Until ID: l1-s22 INTRO: Five little words that join two actions into one sentence. Here's what each one means. Two actions, one sentence — a time word does the connecting: | | | | |---|---|---| | Jerry listens to the radio | **while** | he studies. | | Bonnie saw the new sofa | **when** | she came in. | | Major Sims will write to us | **after** | he arrives home. | | James was watching TV | **before** | his brother called. | | Fran can't buy a new car | **until** | she saves some money. | - **while** — at the same time: {Jerry listens to the radio while he studies.} - **when** — at that moment: {Bonnie saw the new sofa when she came in.} - **after** — later than: {Major Sims will write to us after he arrives home.} - **before** — earlier than: {James was watching TV before his brother called.} - **until** — up to that time, and not before: {Fran can't buy a new car until she saves some money.} # Source: ST §Read the Sentences (Time Clauses) $DIALOGUE Time Clauses in Action ID: l1-s23 INTRO: Ten sentences, five time words. Read each one and notice which word connects the two actions. INSTRUCTION: Read the sentences. LINE: Greg exercised until they closed the gym. LINE: Will you mail this letter before you leave the office? LINE: Lt Martin went to the drugstore after he left the dispensary. LINE: Johnny always eats while he cooks. LINE: After Kathy finished her homework, she went to the movie. LINE: Robert can't send the package until he finds out the new address. LINE: Does Captain Reyes always work out before he swims? LINE: Richard will learn Arabic when he goes to Yemen. LINE: When Diane saw Mike, he was driving his new car. LINE: Barbara listens to music while she exercises. # Source: LLA 1C Figure 2 $SELECT Pick the Right Ending ID: 10-1c-f2 INTRO: Listen to the first part of a sentence and tap the ending that fits the time word, then repeat the full sentence. INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct phrase. REPEAT EXAMPLE PROMPT: They ate at the restaurant. {bk10-l1c-f2-ex-q.mp3} OPTION: a | until they saw the movie. OPTION: b | after they saw the movie. ANSWER: b FEEDBACK: They ate at the restaurant after they saw the movie. {bk10-l1c-f2-ex-a.mp3} PROMPT: I was very thirsty. {bk10-l1c-f2-01-q.mp3} OPTION: a | before I drank the soda OPTION: b | before I didn't drink the soda ANSWER: a FEEDBACK: I was very thirsty before I drank the soda. {bk10-l1c-f2-01-a.mp3} PROMPT: Fran was talking to us. {bk10-l1c-f2-02-q.mp3} OPTION: a | when we ate lunch OPTION: b | while we were eating lunch ANSWER: b FEEDBACK: Fran was talking to us while we were eating lunch. {bk10-l1c-f2-02-a.mp3} PROMPT: He inserted the coins. {bk10-l1c-f2-03-q.mp3} OPTION: a | before he pulled the knob OPTION: b | until he pulled the knob ANSWER: a FEEDBACK: He inserted the coins before he pulled the knob. {bk10-l1c-f2-03-a.mp3} PROMPT: Ted ate the chips. {bk10-l1c-f2-04-q.mp3} OPTION: a | until he drank the soda pop OPTION: b | after he drank the soda pop ANSWER: b FEEDBACK: Ted ate the chips after he drank the soda pop. {bk10-l1c-f2-04-a.mp3} PROMPT: I inserted coins. {bk10-l1c-f2-05-q.mp3} OPTION: a | when the machine worked OPTION: b | until the machine started to work ANSWER: b FEEDBACK: I inserted coins until the machine started to work. {bk10-l1c-f2-05-a.mp3} PROMPT: Bill drank coffee. {bk10-l1c-f2-06-q.mp3} OPTION: a | before the bell rang OPTION: b | when the bell rang ANSWER: a FEEDBACK: Bill drank coffee before the bell rang. {bk10-l1c-f2-06-a.mp3} PROMPT: Her selection dropped. {bk10-l1c-f2-07-q.mp3} OPTION: a | until she pulled the knob OPTION: b | when she pulled the knob ANSWER: b FEEDBACK: Her selection dropped when she pulled the knob. {bk10-l1c-f2-07-a.mp3} PROMPT: They went to a movie. {bk10-l1c-f2-08-q.mp3} OPTION: a | after they did their homework OPTION: b | until they did their homework ANSWER: a FEEDBACK: They went to a movie after they did their homework. {bk10-l1c-f2-08-a.mp3} # Source: LLA 1C Figure 3 $PRODUCE Combine with a Time Word ID: 10-1c-f3 INTRO: Read the two sentences on the screen, listen for the time word, and say the new combined sentence aloud. Then repeat the correct answer. INSTRUCTION: Combine the sentences using the spoken connective word. INPUT: speak CHECK: reveal REPEAT EXAMPLE TEMPLATE: Were you next to the vending machine? It fell. PROMPT: when {bk10-l1c-f3-ex-q.mp3} RESPONSE: Were you next to the vending machine when it fell? {bk10-l1c-f3-ex-a.mp3} TEMPLATE: He ate a candy bar. She drank a diet soda. PROMPT: while {bk10-l1c-f3-01-q.mp3} RESPONSE: He ate a candy bar while she drank a diet soda. {bk10-l1c-f3-01-a.mp3} TEMPLATE: You insert the coins. You lift the door. PROMPT: before {bk10-l1c-f3-02-q.mp3} RESPONSE: You insert the coins before you lift the door. {bk10-l1c-f3-02-a.mp3} TEMPLATE: The selection will drop. You insert the money. PROMPT: after {bk10-l1c-f3-03-q.mp3} RESPONSE: The selection will drop after you insert the money. {bk10-l1c-f3-03-a.mp3} TEMPLATE: Don't add the detergent. You put the clothes in the washing machine. PROMPT: until {bk10-l1c-f3-04-q.mp3} RESPONSE: Don't add the detergent until you put the clothes in the washing machine. {bk10-l1c-f3-04-a.mp3} TEMPLATE: Bill was in the shower. The telephone rang. PROMPT: when {bk10-l1c-f3-05-q.mp3} RESPONSE: Bill was in the shower when the telephone rang. {bk10-l1c-f3-05-a.mp3} # Source: ST §It's the Same, But Different. $GRAMMAR Two Ways to Say It ID: l1-s24 INTRO: The time clause can come first or last — the meaning stays the same. | | | |---|---| | The students were studying | when the teacher walked in. | | When the teacher walked in, | the students were studying. | Both sentences mean the same thing. When the time clause comes **first**, put a comma after it: {When the teacher walked in, the students were studying.} # Source: ST §Change the Sentence Order $PRODUCE Move the Time Clause ID: l1-s25 INTRO: Say each sentence again with the time clause moved to the other position — if it started the sentence, move it to the end, and the other way around. INSTRUCTION: Say the sentence with the time clause in the other position. INPUT: speak CHECK: reveal SHOW_PROMPT TEMPLATE: Phil was asleep when Allan arrived. RESPONSE: When Allan arrived, Phil was asleep. TEMPLATE: I didn't know it was raining until I saw the water. RESPONSE: Until I saw the water, I didn't know it was raining. TEMPLATE: Before I exercise, I always warm up. RESPONSE: I always warm up before I exercise. TEMPLATE: I remembered the answer after I finished the test. RESPONSE: After I finished the test, I remembered the answer. TEMPLATE: While I was studying, the lights went out. RESPONSE: The lights went out while I was studying. # Source: ST §He Exercises Before He Swims. $PRODUCE Combine with the Cued Time Word ID: l1-s26 INTRO: Read the two sentences and join them with the time word in the cue. The time clause can go at the beginning or the end. INSTRUCTION: Combine the two sentences with the cued time word. INPUT: speak CHECK: llm SHOW_PROMPT RUBRIC: The learner must combine the two sentences using the cued time conjunction. The time clause can be at the beginning or end of the sentence. EXAMPLE PROMPT: Bobby brushes his teeth. He eats breakfast. TEMPLATE: (after) RESPONSE: Bobby brushes his teeth after he eats breakfast. PROMPT: Jeff ate breakfast. He walked to school. TEMPLATE: (before) RESPONSE: Jeff ate breakfast before he walked to school. PROMPT: The soccer game is over. John is going to leave. TEMPLATE: (when) RESPONSE: When the soccer game is over, John is going to leave. PROMPT: Captain Lewis can't leave. Captain Rice arrives. TEMPLATE: (until) RESPONSE: Captain Lewis can't leave until Captain Rice arrives. PROMPT: Charles listens to music. He drives to work. TEMPLATE: (while) RESPONSE: Charles listens to music while he drives to work. PROMPT: John gets up. He takes a shower. TEMPLATE: (after) RESPONSE: John takes a shower after he gets up. PROMPT: She went shopping. Sharon cashed a check. TEMPLATE: (before) RESPONSE: Before she went shopping, Sharon cashed a check. PROMPT: He left the dining hall. Where did Sgt Dole go? TEMPLATE: (after) RESPONSE: Where did Sgt Dole go after he left the dining hall? PROMPT: You came in the back door. Did you see Col Watkins? TEMPLATE: (when) RESPONSE: Did you see Col Watkins when you came in the back door? PROMPT: Ms. Mill won't leave. Her last customer leaves at 9:30. TEMPLATE: (until) RESPONSE: Ms. Mill won't leave until her last customer leaves at 9:30. PROMPT: Pvt Williams can't mail the letter. The Major signs it in the morning. TEMPLATE: (until) RESPONSE: Pvt Williams can't mail the letter until the Major signs it in the morning. # Source: ST §No, I Didn't See Him When I Came In. $PRODUCE Answer with a Time Clause ID: l1-s27 INTRO: Answer each question with the cue, keeping the time clause in your answer — a "yes" agrees, a "no" corrects. INSTRUCTION: Use the cues to answer in complete sentences. INPUT: speak CHECK: llm SHOW_PROMPT RUBRIC: Accept a complete sentence answering the question with the cued information, including the time clause. EXAMPLE PROMPT: Did you see Harvey when you came in? TEMPLATE: (no, Mike) RESPONSE: No, I saw Mike when I came in. PROMPT: Does Teddy read while he watches TV? TEMPLATE: (yes) RESPONSE: Yes, Teddy reads while he watches TV. PROMPT: Did John go to the BX after he finished lunch? TEMPLATE: (no, commissary) RESPONSE: No, John went to the commissary after he finished lunch. PROMPT: Does Scott pick you up before he picks up his brother? TEMPLATE: (no, after) RESPONSE: No, Scott picks me up after he picks up his brother. PROMPT: Did Lt Carson lock the door before she left? TEMPLATE: (yes) RESPONSE: Yes, Lt Carson locked the door before she left. PROMPT: Did you read the paper while you were waiting? TEMPLATE: (no, a book) RESPONSE: No, I read a book while I was waiting. PROMPT: Did Sara call her sister when she arrived at the hotel? TEMPLATE: (no, brother) RESPONSE: No, Sara called her brother when she arrived at the hotel. PROMPT: Does your wife stay awake until you get home? TEMPLATE: (yes) RESPONSE: Yes, my wife stays awake until I get home. PROMPT: Did Judy go to the store after she left my house? TEMPLATE: (no, the library) RESPONSE: No, Judy went to the library after she left my house. # Source: ST §Who Did You See When You Came In? $PRODUCE Make the Question ID: l1-s28 INTRO: Now work backwards: read each sentence and ask a question about its underlined part. Underlined place? Ask "where". Underlined action? Ask "what". INSTRUCTION: Ask a question about the underlined part of the sentence. INPUT: speak CHECK: llm RUBRIC: The learner must form a question that targets the emphasized part of the sentence. EXAMPLE TEMPLATE: Michael saw *Captain Jackson* while he was working. RESPONSE: Who did Michael see while he was working? TEMPLATE: Rick *eats* while he watches football. RESPONSE: What does Rick do while he watches football? TEMPLATE: Sgt Peterson can't leave *until Captain Lawrence calls*. RESPONSE: When can Sgt Peterson leave? TEMPLATE: Major Brooks will go to *the commissary* after he picks up his wife. RESPONSE: Where will Major Brooks go after he picks up his wife? TEMPLATE: Sgt Robinson will go to the barracks *after he gets a haircut*. RESPONSE: When will Sgt Robinson go to the barracks? TEMPLATE: George goes *to the gym* before he goes home. RESPONSE: Where does George go before he goes home? TEMPLATE: Margaret *shampoos her hair* after she swims. RESPONSE: What does Margaret do after she swims? TEMPLATE: Ester *was swimming* when Fernando called. RESPONSE: What was Ester doing when Fernando called? TEMPLATE: Captain Gentry went *to the BX* before he went to his office. RESPONSE: Where did Captain Gentry go before he went to his office? # Source: ST §When He Comes Home, ... $DIALOGUE Keith and Ms. Adams ID: l1-s29 INTRO: Two people, two routines: Keith does exactly the same thing every evening, and Ms. Adams does something different every single morning. Read both paragraphs and watch the time words. INSTRUCTION: Read the paragraphs. LINE: Keith does the same thing when he comes home in the evenings. LINE: He picks up the mail before he goes into the house. LINE: He doesn't open it until he changes his clothes. LINE: He reads the mail before he turns on the TV. LINE: When he finishes with the mail, he cooks his dinner. LINE: Then he eats his dinner while he watches TV. LINE: Ms. Adams has a different schedule every morning. LINE: On Monday, she reads the newspaper after she eats breakfast. LINE: On Tuesday, she runs before she eats breakfast. LINE: On Wednesday, she eats her breakfast while she's washing the clothes. LINE: On Thursday, she doesn't eat breakfast. LINE: She studies in the library until she goes to lunch with her friend. LINE: On Friday, she goes downtown after she gets up, and has breakfast at a cafe. # SKIPPED (book): "WHEN HE COMES HOME, ... answer questions about it." — questions are not printed. # SKIPPED (book): Listening Skill "FIRST, NEXT, THEN" — instructor-read exercise to fill in blanks, no printed stimuli. # Source: LLA 1C Figure 4 $PRODUCE Write the Sequence Words ID: 10-1c-f4 INTRO: Two little stories, told step by step with words like "First", "Next", and "Finally". Listen to each sentence and type the sequence word you hear. INSTRUCTION: Type the missing connective word. INPUT: type CHECK: exact TEMPLATE: Gina wanted to get a roller cola from a vending machine. TEMPLATE: ____{First}, she inserted the coins in the slot. PROMPT: First, she inserted the coins in the slot. {bk10-l1c-f4-01.mp3} RESPONSE: First, she inserted the coins in the slot. TEMPLATE: ____{Second}, she pushed the button of her selection, but the roller cola didn't drop. PROMPT: Second, she pushed the button of her selection, but the roller cola didn't drop. {bk10-l1c-f4-02.mp3} RESPONSE: Second, she pushed the button of her selection, but the roller cola didn't drop. TEMPLATE: ____{Next}, she pushed the coin return 3 times. PROMPT: Next, she pushed the coin return 3 times. {bk10-l1c-f4-03.mp3} RESPONSE: Next, she pushed the coin return 3 times. TEMPLATE: ____{Finally}, the roller cola dropped, but another can of soda fell too. PROMPT: Finally, the roller cola dropped, but another can of soda fell too. {bk10-l1c-f4-04.mp3} RESPONSE: Finally, the roller cola dropped, but another can of soda fell too. TEMPLATE: ____{At first} Gina thought, "What should I do with it?" PROMPT: At first Gina thought, "What should I do with it?" {bk10-l1c-f4-05.mp3} RESPONSE: At first Gina thought, "What should I do with it?" TEMPLATE: ____{Then} she saw a friend. She gave him the other soda. PROMPT: Then she saw a friend. {bk10-l1c-f4-06.mp3} RESPONSE: Then she saw a friend. TEMPLATE: ____{After that}, Gina went to class. PROMPT: After that, Gina went to class. {bk10-l1c-f4-07.mp3} RESPONSE: After that, Gina went to class. TEMPLATE: Bill had to wash his clothes. TEMPLATE: ____{First}, he found an empty washing machine. PROMPT: First, he found an empty washing machine. {bk10-l1c-f4-08.mp3} RESPONSE: First, he found an empty washing machine. TEMPLATE: ____{Then} he put in his clothes. PROMPT: Then he put in his clothes. {bk10-l1c-f4-09.mp3} RESPONSE: Then he put in his clothes. TEMPLATE: ____{Next}, he put in the detergent. PROMPT: Next, he put in the detergent. {bk10-l1c-f4-10.mp3} RESPONSE: Next, he put in the detergent. TEMPLATE: ____{Last}, he closed the machine and inserted the coins. PROMPT: Last, he closed the machine and inserted the coins. {bk10-l1c-f4-11.mp3} RESPONSE: Last, he closed the machine and inserted the coins. TEMPLATE: ____{After that}, he just waited. PROMPT: After that, he just waited. {bk10-l1c-f4-12.mp3} RESPONSE: After that, he just waited. TEMPLATE: ____{Finally}, the machine stopped. PROMPT: Finally, the machine stopped. {bk10-l1c-f4-13.mp3} RESPONSE: Finally, the machine stopped. TEMPLATE: ____{At last} he had some clean clothes. PROMPT: At last he had some clean clothes. {bk10-l1c-f4-14.mp3} RESPONSE: At last he had some clean clothes. $SESSION 1-7: Supposed To # Source: LLA 1D Figure 1 $DIALOGUE "Supposed To" Sentences ID: 10-1d-f1 INTRO: In this part you'll learn "be supposed to" — one phrase that covers both rules you must follow and things people simply expect. Listen to each pair of sentences and repeat them. INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat. REPEAT LINE: You have to obey traffic laws. {bk10-l1d-f1-01.mp3} LINE: You're supposed to obey traffic laws. {bk10-l1d-f1-02.mp3} LINE: You have to wear your uniform to class. {bk10-l1d-f1-03.mp3} LINE: You're supposed to wear your uniform to class. {bk10-l1d-f1-04.mp3} LINE: You have to be on time to class. {bk10-l1d-f1-05.mp3} LINE: You're supposed to be on time to class. {bk10-l1d-f1-06.mp3} LINE: You should be on time for dinner. {bk10-l1d-f1-07.mp3} LINE: You're supposed to be on time for dinner. {bk10-l1d-f1-08.mp3} LINE: You should thank people when they help you. {bk10-l1d-f1-09.mp3} LINE: You're supposed to thank people when they help you. {bk10-l1d-f1-10.mp3} LINE: You should write to your family often. {bk10-l1d-f1-11.mp3} LINE: You're supposed to write to your family often. {bk10-l1d-f1-12.mp3} # Source: ST §Be Supposed To $GRAMMAR The "Be Supposed To" Pattern ID: l1-s33 INTRO: Here's how "be supposed to" is built, and the two jobs it does — plans and expectations, plus things that aren't allowed. | | | | |---|---|---| | I'm / You're / He's / She's / We're / They're | **supposed to** | relax. / be on time for class. / wear a seatbelt. | | | **not supposed to** | drink and drive. / smoke in the classroom. | | | | | | |---|---|---|---| | Am / Is / Are | I / he / she / you / we / they | **supposed to** | be in this building? / go to lab now? / report to the captain? | **Be supposed to** is used to express something that: -- is planned or arranged {The train was supposed to arrive at 10:30.} {The movie is supposed to start at 7:00.} -- is to be expected (because of duty or law) {Are the men supposed to clean the barracks?} {We're supposed to wear our uniforms every day.} **Be not supposed to** is used to express something that is not allowed or advisable. {You're not supposed to wear your hats inside the building.} {They're not supposed to watch TV at 2 in the morning.} # Source: ST §Read the Sentences (Supposed To) $DIALOGUE More "Supposed To" Sentences ID: l1-s34 INTRO: Eight everyday examples — licenses, airplanes, dinner times, and dogs. Read each sentence. INSTRUCTION: Read the sentences. LINE: You're supposed to have a driver's license before you drive. LINE: When dinner is at 7 o'clock, you're supposed to be there at 7 o'clock. LINE: You're not supposed to smoke on airplanes. LINE: What time are you supposed to be at the airport? LINE: Is your class supposed to start at 6 o'clock? LINE: I'm supposed to call my family tonight. LINE: When you live in the city, you're supposed to keep your dog in the yard. LINE: She's not supposed to walk on the grass at school. # Source: LLA 1D Figure 2 $SELECT Are We Supposed To? ID: 10-1d-f2 INTRO: Listen to each question and tap the answer with "supposed to" that matches — then repeat the full response. INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct answer. REPEAT EXAMPLE PROMPT: Should we drive carefully when we drive on ice? {bk10-l1d-f2-ex-q.mp3} OPTION: a | Yes, we're supposed to. OPTION: b | No, we're not supposed to. ANSWER: a FEEDBACK: We're supposed to drive carefully when we drive on ice. {bk10-l1d-f2-ex-a.mp3} PROMPT: Should we do our homework every day? {bk10-l1d-f2-01-q.mp3} OPTION: a | Yes, we're supposed to. OPTION: b | No, we're not supposed to. ANSWER: a FEEDBACK: We're supposed to do our homework every day. {bk10-l1d-f2-01-a.mp3} PROMPT: Must you smoke in the classroom? {bk10-l1d-f2-02-q.mp3} OPTION: a | No, we're not supposed to. OPTION: b | Yes, we're supposed to. ANSWER: a FEEDBACK: We're not supposed to smoke in the classroom. {bk10-l1d-f2-02-a.mp3} PROMPT: Do the coins have to drop before you pull the knob? {bk10-l1d-f2-03-q.mp3} OPTION: a | No, they're not supposed to. OPTION: b | Yes, they're supposed to. ANSWER: b FEEDBACK: The coins are supposed to drop before you pull the knob. {bk10-l1d-f2-03-a.mp3} PROMPT: Must you study before a test? {bk10-l1d-f2-04-q.mp3} OPTION: a | Yes, I'm supposed to. OPTION: b | No, I'm not supposed to. ANSWER: a FEEDBACK: I'm supposed to study before a test. {bk10-l1d-f2-04-a.mp3} PROMPT: Should we exercise before we warm up? {bk10-l1d-f2-05-q.mp3} OPTION: a | Yes, we're supposed to. OPTION: b | No, we're not supposed to. ANSWER: b FEEDBACK: We're not supposed to exercise before we warm up. {bk10-l1d-f2-05-a.mp3} PROMPT: Must you salute when you're not in uniform? {bk10-l1d-f2-06-q.mp3} OPTION: a | Yes, we're supposed to. OPTION: b | No, we're not supposed to. ANSWER: b FEEDBACK: We're not supposed to salute when we're not in uniform. {bk10-l1d-f2-06-a.mp3} PROMPT: Should they go out on weeknights? {bk10-l1d-f2-07-q.mp3} OPTION: a | Yes, they're supposed to. OPTION: b | No, they're not supposed to. ANSWER: b FEEDBACK: They're not supposed to go out on weeknights. {bk10-l1d-f2-07-a.mp3} PROMPT: Does he have to put American coins in an American vending machine? {bk10-l1d-f2-08-q.mp3} OPTION: a | Yes, he's supposed to. OPTION: b | No, he's not supposed to. ANSWER: a FEEDBACK: He's supposed to put American coins in American vending machines. {bk10-l1d-f2-08-a.mp3} # Source: ST §Are You Supposed To? $PRODUCE Say It with "Supposed To" ID: l1-s35 INTRO: Read each sentence with "should" or "have to", then say it again with "be supposed to" — same meaning, new phrase. INSTRUCTION: Restate the sentence with "be supposed to". INPUT: speak CHECK: llm SHOW_PROMPT RUBRIC: The learner must reformulate the sentence using "be supposed to" or "be not supposed to" while preserving the original meaning. EXAMPLE PROMPT: You shouldn't eat before you swim. RESPONSE: You're not supposed to eat before you swim. EXAMPLE PROMPT: Bill has to lock the door when he leaves. RESPONSE: Bill's supposed to lock the door when he leaves. PROMPT: When you are going to miss class, you have to tell the teacher. RESPONSE: When you are going to miss class, you're supposed to tell the teacher. PROMPT: I should call my family, but I don't have enough money for the call. RESPONSE: I'm supposed to call my family, but I don't have enough money for the call. PROMPT: She has to be at the doctor's office at 9 o'clock. RESPONSE: She's supposed to be at the doctor's office at 9 o'clock. PROMPT: You should be careful when you drive on ice. RESPONSE: You're supposed to be careful when you drive on ice. PROMPT: You should apologize for being late. RESPONSE: You're supposed to apologize for being late. PROMPT: You have to wear seat belts on base. RESPONSE: You're supposed to wear seat belts on base. # SKIPPED (book): "I'M SUPPOSED TO ...!" — open pair practice. # Source: ST §You're Not Supposed To Do Those Things At School! $PRODUCE Rules at School ID: l1-s36 INTRO: School rules, your words. Turn each cue into a statement or question with "be supposed to" — and yes, sleeping in class is on the list. INSTRUCTION: Make a statement or question with "be supposed to" from the cue. INPUT: speak CHECK: llm RUBRIC: The learner must create a question or statement using "be supposed to" (or "not supposed to") and the provided cue. Accept valid statements or questions. EXAMPLE TEMPLATE: turn off the lights when you leave the room? RESPONSE: Are you supposed to turn off the lights when you leave the room? EXAMPLE TEMPLATE: sleep in class RESPONSE: You're not supposed to sleep in class. TEMPLATE: wear uniform every day RESPONSE: You're supposed to wear a uniform every day. TEMPLATE: walk on the grass RESPONSE: You're not supposed to walk on the grass. TEMPLATE: take a test every week? RESPONSE: Are you supposed to take a test every week? TEMPLATE: when go to lab? RESPONSE: When are you supposed to go to lab? TEMPLATE: how often go to library? RESPONSE: How often are you supposed to go to the library? TEMPLATE: smoke in the classroom RESPONSE: You're not supposed to smoke in the classroom. TEMPLATE: wear hats in the classroom RESPONSE: You're not supposed to wear hats in the classroom. TEMPLATE: do homework before class RESPONSE: You're supposed to do your homework before class. TEMPLATE: stay in class until bell rings RESPONSE: You're supposed to stay in class until the bell rings. TEMPLATE: take a 10 minute break after lab RESPONSE: You're supposed to take a 10 minute break after lab. $SESSION 1-8: Around Town, Dictation, and Outlines # Source: LLA 1D Figure 3 (part 1) $DIALOGUE Directions Around Town {page_028_001.jpg} ID: 10-1d-f3-a INTRO: Last part: a town map, some spelling, and two outlines to finish. First, Madge plans a very full Saturday for Helen — you'll see the map while you listen to her directions. INSTRUCTION: Listen to the directions. LINE: Madge and Helen needed to do a lot of things Saturday afternoon. {bk10-l1d-f3-01.mp3} LINE: Helen didn't know the town very well. {bk10-l1d-f3-02.mp3} LINE: Madge had to give her directions. {bk10-l1d-f3-03.mp3} LINE: "We can meet at the drugstore after class. It's on the corner of Sunshine Street and Highway 102." {bk10-l1d-f3-04.mp3} LINE: "Then we can walk northeast on Sunshine for 2 blocks to that little restaurant on Center Road for lunch." {bk10-l1d-f3-05.mp3} LINE: "After lunch, you can go west for a block and a half to the travel agency." {bk10-l1d-f3-06.mp3} LINE: "I'll go north for a block and turn west to go to Sandy's house. You can meet me there." {bk10-l1d-f3-07.mp3} LINE: "It's the second house on the south side from the corner of Long Road and Orange Drive." {bk10-l1d-f3-08.mp3} LINE: "Then you and Sandy can look for blouses in the store on the northwest corner across from her house." {bk10-l1d-f3-09.mp3} LINE: "I'll meet you in the park across from the store afterwards." {bk10-l1d-f3-10.mp3} LINE: "We can go together to the bank. It's a block north and west." {bk10-l1d-f3-11.mp3} LINE: "Then if we go south for a block on Lemon Street, we can leave our old shoes at the shoe repair place on the southeast corner." {bk10-l1d-f3-12.mp3} LINE: "Then we can keep going south for 2 blocks and turn east on Green Avenue." {bk10-l1d-f3-13.mp3} LINE: "The library is on our right, and we can return our books." {bk10-l1d-f3-14.mp3} LINE: "When we go home, we'll walk east. We can stop and buy vegetables at the vegetable place on the corner of Green Avenue and Orange Drive." {bk10-l1d-f3-15.mp3} # Source: LLA 1D Figure 3 (part 2) $SELECT Find It on the Map {page_028_001.jpg} ID: 10-1d-f3-b REFERENCE INTRO: Now match each place to its letter on the map. You can replay Madge's directions while you decide — nobody remembers ten buildings on the first pass. INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct letter for each location. OPTION: a | A OPTION: b | B OPTION: c | C OPTION: d | D OPTION: e | E OPTION: f | F OPTION: g | G OPTION: h | H OPTION: i | I OPTION: j | J TEMPLATE: bank ANSWER: g FEEDBACK: G is the bank. {bk10-l1d-f3-ans-g.mp3} TEMPLATE: library ANSWER: i FEEDBACK: I is the library. {bk10-l1d-f3-ans-i.mp3} TEMPLATE: vegetable place ANSWER: j FEEDBACK: J is the vegetable place. {bk10-l1d-f3-ans-j.mp3} TEMPLATE: Sandy's house ANSWER: d FEEDBACK: D is Sandy's house. {bk10-l1d-f3-ans-d.mp3} TEMPLATE: city park ANSWER: f FEEDBACK: F is the city park. {bk10-l1d-f3-ans-f.mp3} TEMPLATE: shoe shop ANSWER: h FEEDBACK: H is the shoe shop. {bk10-l1d-f3-ans-h.mp3} TEMPLATE: drugstore ANSWER: a FEEDBACK: A is the drugstore. {bk10-l1d-f3-ans-a.mp3} TEMPLATE: travel agency ANSWER: b FEEDBACK: B is the travel agency. {bk10-l1d-f3-ans-b.mp3} TEMPLATE: blouse store ANSWER: e FEEDBACK: E is the blouse store. {bk10-l1d-f3-ans-e.mp3} TEMPLATE: restaurant ANSWER: c FEEDBACK: C is the restaurant. {bk10-l1d-f3-ans-c.mp3} # Source: LLA 1D Figure 4 $PRODUCE Spelling Dictation ID: 10-1d-f4 INPUT: type CHECK: exact INTRO: Ten words, dictated one at a time. Listen and type each word exactly as you hear it. INSTRUCTION: Type the word you hear. PROMPT: apologize {bk10-l1d-f4-01-q.mp3} RESPONSE: apologize {bk10-l1d-f4-01-a.mp3} PROMPT: realize {bk10-l1d-f4-02-q.mp3} RESPONSE: realize {bk10-l1d-f4-02-a.mp3} PROMPT: forgive {bk10-l1d-f4-03-q.mp3} RESPONSE: forgive {bk10-l1d-f4-03-a.mp3} PROMPT: pleased {bk10-l1d-f4-04-q.mp3} RESPONSE: pleased {bk10-l1d-f4-04-a.mp3} PROMPT: really {bk10-l1d-f4-05-q.mp3} RESPONSE: really {bk10-l1d-f4-05-a.mp3} PROMPT: blanket {bk10-l1d-f4-06-q.mp3} RESPONSE: blanket {bk10-l1d-f4-06-a.mp3} PROMPT: laundry {bk10-l1d-f4-07-q.mp3} RESPONSE: laundry {bk10-l1d-f4-07-a.mp3} PROMPT: closet {bk10-l1d-f4-08-q.mp3} RESPONSE: closet {bk10-l1d-f4-08-a.mp3} PROMPT: feelings {bk10-l1d-f4-09-q.mp3} RESPONSE: feelings {bk10-l1d-f4-09-a.mp3} PROMPT: pillow {bk10-l1d-f4-10-q.mp3} RESPONSE: pillow {bk10-l1d-f4-10-a.mp3} # Source: LLA 1D Figure 5 (part 1) $DIALOGUE Kinds of Vending Machines ID: 10-1d-f5-a INTRO: A short paragraph that sorts vending machines into three kinds. Listen carefully — you'll organize it into an outline next. INSTRUCTION: Listen to the paragraph. LINE: Coins operate many kinds of machines. We call these machines vending machines. {bk10-l1d-f5-01.mp3} LINE: One kind of vending machine sells food. They sell sandwiches, chips, and candy. {bk10-l1d-f5-02.mp3} LINE: Another kind sells drinks. They sell sodas, juices, coffee, and tea. {bk10-l1d-f5-03.mp3} LINE: A third kind of vending machine helps us with our work. These machines wash our clothes, dry our clothes, and wash our cars. {bk10-l1d-f5-04.mp3} LINE: Vending machines are very useful machines. {bk10-l1d-f5-05.mp3} # Source: LLA 1D Figure 5 (part 2) $PRODUCE Outline: Vending Machines ID: 10-1d-f5-b INPUT: type REFERENCE INTRO: Fill in the outline: three kinds of machine, and the examples of each. You can replay the paragraph while you work. INSTRUCTION: Complete the outline. TEMPLATE: Vending Machines SLOT: 1 | Kind of machine | sells food SLOT: 2 | Example | sandwiches SLOT: 2 | Example | chips SLOT: 2 | Example | candy SLOT: 1 | Kind of machine | sells drinks SLOT: 2 | Example | sodas SLOT: 2 | Example | juices SLOT: 2 | Example | coffee SLOT: 2 | Example | tea SLOT: 1 | Kind of machine | helps with work SLOT: 2 | Example | wash clothes SLOT: 2 | Example | dry clothes SLOT: 2 | Example | wash cars # Source: LLA 1D Figure 6 (part 1) $DIALOGUE Kinds of Snacks ID: 10-1d-f6-a INTRO: One more paragraph — this one sorts snackers into three kinds. Listen for the three groups and their examples. INSTRUCTION: Listen to the paragraph. LINE: People like to eat snacks between meals. People eat all kinds of food for snacks. {bk10-l1d-f6-01.mp3} LINE: Some people eat big snacks. They're small meals. They may eat a sandwich or hamburger and call it a snack. {bk10-l1d-f6-02.mp3} LINE: Other people like small snacks. A candy bar, some nuts, or some chips will be fine for them. {bk10-l1d-f6-03.mp3} LINE: Some people just want a drink. They'll have some coffee, or juice, or a soda. {bk10-l1d-f6-04.mp3} LINE: Then they don't get hungry until the next meal. {bk10-l1d-f6-05.mp3} # Source: LLA 1D Figure 6 (part 2) $PRODUCE Outline: Snacks ID: 10-1d-f6-b INPUT: type REFERENCE INTRO: Fill in the last outline: the three kinds of snacks and their examples. That's the whole lesson — you can now explain a vending machine to anyone, in order, with exact change. INSTRUCTION: Complete the outline. TEMPLATE: Snacks SLOT: 1 | Snack type | big snacks SLOT: 2 | Example | sandwich SLOT: 2 | Example | hamburger SLOT: 1 | Snack type | small snacks SLOT: 2 | Example | candy bar SLOT: 2 | Example | nuts SLOT: 2 | Example | chips SLOT: 1 | Snack type | drinks SLOT: 2 | Example | coffee SLOT: 2 | Example | juice SLOT: 2 | Example | soda