alc-english/book-12-lesson-2.module

$MODULE Book 12 · Lesson 2: I've Made Up My Mind {st-page_043_001.jpg}
FORMAT: 2
DIOCO_DOC_ID: alc_book12_lesson2
DESCRIPTION: Education and career decisions; the time words "already", "still", "yet", "anymore", "any longer", and "no longer"; the present perfect; and the conjunctions "so" and "or".
TARGET_LANG_G: en
HOME_LANG_G: en
VOICE_DEFAULT: aoede | Clear, friendly American English narrator
VOICE_PROMPT: gacrux | Questions and cues, read clearly
VOICE_RESPONSE: schedar | Model answers, warm and clear
VOICE: Mark | achernar | Male student
VOICE: Sam | schedar | Male
VOICE: Jack | achernar | Male
VOICE: Mike | schedar | Male student
VOICE: Bob | gacrux | Male
VOICE: Sally | aoede | Female
VOICE: Man1 | achernar | Male
VOICE: Don | schedar | Male
VOICE: Mom | gacrux | Female
VOICE: Son | achird | Male
VOICE: Glenn | achernar | Male
VOICE: Tony | schedar | Male
VOICE: Dan | achernar | Male
VOICE: Paula | aoede | Female
VOICE: Clerk | aoede | Female
VOICE: Maria | schedar | Female
VOICE: Steven | achernar | Male
VOICE: Waiter | achird | Male
VOICE: Tommy | achird | Young male
VOICE: Mother | aoede | Female
VOICE: Joe | achird | Male
VOICE: Tim | achernar | Male
VOICE: ID | achernar | speaker (auto)
VOICE: Narrator | achird | speaker (auto)

$SESSION 2-1: Education and College Decisions

# Source: ST §Education in the U.S. (table)
$GRAMMAR The U.S. School System
ID: l2-s1
INTRO: Welcome to Lesson 2. In this lesson you'll learn to talk about school, careers, and the decisions people make about them — what has already happened, what hasn't happened yet, and what isn't true anymore. First, a quick map of the American school system, from kindergarten all the way to a Ph.D.

| SCHOOL | GRADES | DEGREE |
|---|---|---|
| Kindergarten | | |
| Elementary | 1st-5th | |
| Middle | 6th-8th | |
| High | 9th-12th | {diploma} |

**Technical School**
May offer associate degrees, Electronics, Mechanics, Computers, etc.

| College | |
|---|---|
| **time** | **degree** |
| 2 yr | {associate} |
| 4 yr | {bachelor} |

| University | |
|---|---|
| **time** | **degree** |
| 4-5 yr | {bachelor} |
| 2-3 yr | {master} |
| 3-8 yr | {Ph.D.} |

(Medical School follows a bachelor degree.)

# Source: ST §Education in the U.S. (sentences)
$DIALOGUE Schools and Degrees
ID: l2-s2
INTRO: Now hear the school system in sentences. Listen and repeat each one — these words will follow you through the whole lesson.
INSTRUCTION: Repeat and read the words and sentences.
REPEAT

VOCAB: high school
VOCAB: diploma
LINE: Students who finish high school receive a high school diploma.

VOCAB: technical school
LINE: Students who want to study mechanics may go to a technical school.

VOCAB: college
VOCAB: offer
VOCAB: degree
LINE: A college offers two kinds of degrees.

VOCAB: university
VOCAB: field
LINE: A university offers degrees in many fields.

LINE: Medicine, business, and education are some fields you can study.

VOCAB: medical school
LINE: Students who want to become doctors go to medical school.

# Source: ST §Choose the Best Answer
$SELECT Check: The School System
ID: l2-s3
REFERENCE
INTRO: A quick check on the school system. Tap the best answer — and if the degrees have started to blur together, open the reference.
INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct answer. Open the reference if you need it.

TEMPLATE: When do students receive a diploma?
OPTION: a | when they begin school
OPTION: b | at the end of middle school
OPTION: c | at the end of high school
ANSWER: c

TEMPLATE: To become a doctor, a student has to go to ________.
OPTION: a | technical school
OPTION: b | medical school
OPTION: c | bachelor's school
ANSWER: b

TEMPLATE: Which school offers more kinds of degrees?
OPTION: a | a technical school
OPTION: b | a college
OPTION: c | a university
ANSWER: c

TEMPLATE: Which is a field you can study at a university?
OPTION: a | medicine
OPTION: b | profession
OPTION: c | high school
ANSWER: a

TEMPLATE: To study mechanics, a person may go to a ________.
OPTION: a | technical school
OPTION: b | medical school
OPTION: c | professional school
ANSWER: a

# Source: LLA 2A Figure 1 (vocabulary)
$DIALOGUE New Words: Education and Discussions
ID: 12-2a-vocab1
INTRO: Here are new words for talking about education, choices, and discussions. Listen to each word in a sentence, then repeat it.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat each word and sentence.
REPEAT

VOCAB: educate
LINE: Teachers educate children. {bk12-l2a-f1-01-a.mp3}
LINE: They teach them many things. {bk12-l2a-f1-01-b.mp3}

LINE: That job did not pay enough money. {bk12-l2a-f1-02-a.mp3}
VOCAB: turn down
LINE: I turned it down. {bk12-l2a-f1-02-b.mp3}

VOCAB: education
LINE: Sergeant Franklin wants his children to have a good education. He wants them to go to a good school. {bk12-l2a-f1-03.mp3}

LINE: Keith studied French when he was at the university. {bk12-l2a-f1-04.mp3}

LINE: Debbie received her diploma yesterday. {bk12-l2a-f1-05-a.mp3}
LINE: She finished school. {bk12-l2a-f1-05-b.mp3}

VOCAB: already
LINE: Roger is not hungry. He already ate dinner. {bk12-l2a-f1-06.mp3}

VOCAB: instead
LINE: I don't want chicken. {bk12-l2a-f1-07-a.mp3}
LINE: I'll eat fish instead. {bk12-l2a-f1-07-b.mp3}

VOCAB: instead of
LINE: Jim bought the blue shirt instead of the yellow one. {bk12-l2a-f1-08.mp3}

VOCAB: discussion
LINE: Colonel Jones and Colonel Roberts had a discussion. {bk12-l2a-f1-09-a.mp3}
LINE: About the new mess hall. {bk12-l2a-f1-09-b.mp3}
LINE: They talked about it for 30 minutes. {bk12-l2a-f1-09-c.mp3}

VOCAB: discuss
LINE: Captain Peterson wanted to discuss his score with his teacher. He wanted to talk to her about it. {bk12-l2a-f1-10.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2A Figure 1 (dialogue)
$DIALOGUE Dialogue: Mark's College Decision
ID: 12-2a-f1
INTRO: Mark is a high school student with a big decision to make — and he's not enjoying it. Just listen to his conversation with Sam.
INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.

Sam: Hi, Mark. What's wrong? {bk12-l2a-f1-11.mp3}
Mark: Oh, Sam, I'm so confused. {bk12-l2a-f1-12.mp3}
Sam: About what? {bk12-l2a-f1-13.mp3}
Mark: I've got to make a decision about college. My parents and I talked it over last night. Right now, I don't know if I want to go into a professional field or a technical field. {bk12-l2a-f1-14.mp3}
Sam: You don't have to make a choice today. You've got plenty of time to think it over. You're only in your second year of high school. {bk12-l2a-f1-15.mp3}
Mark: You're right. Maybe by next year it won't be so confusing. {bk12-l2a-f1-16.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2A Figure 1 (role-play)
$PRODUCE Role-play: You Are Mark
ID: 12-2a-f1-b
REFERENCE
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
INTRO: Now it's your turn to be the confused one. You are Mark: listen to Sam, then say Mark's printed line aloud.
INSTRUCTION: Read Mark's lines aloud.

PROMPT: Hi, Mark. What's wrong? {bk12-l2a-f1-17-q.mp3}
TEMPLATE: 1. Oh, Sam, I'm so confused.
RESPONSE: Oh, Sam, I'm so confused. {bk12-l2a-f1-12.mp3}

PROMPT: About what? {bk12-l2a-f1-18-q.mp3}
TEMPLATE: 2. I've got to make a decision about college. My parents and I talked it over last night. Right now, I don't know if I want to go into a professional field or a technical field.
RESPONSE: I've got to make a decision about college. My parents and I talked it over last night. Right now, I don't know if I want to go into a professional field or a technical field. {bk12-l2a-f1-14.mp3}

PROMPT: You don't have to make a choice today. You've got plenty of time to think it over. You're only in your second year of high school. {bk12-l2a-f1-19-q.mp3}
TEMPLATE: 3. You're right. Maybe by next year it won't be so confusing.
RESPONSE: You're right. Maybe by next year it won't be so confusing. {bk12-l2a-f1-16.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2A Figure 2
$PRODUCE Role-play: You Are Sam
ID: 12-2a-f2
REFERENCE
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
INTRO: Switch roles — now you are Sam, the calm one. Say Sam's lines aloud, then listen to Mark's replies.
INSTRUCTION: Read Sam's lines aloud.

TEMPLATE: 1. Hi, Mark. What's wrong?
PROMPT: Oh Sam, I'm so confused. {bk12-l2a-f2-01-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Hi, Mark. What's wrong? {bk12-l2a-f1-11.mp3}

TEMPLATE: 2. About what?
PROMPT: I've got to make a decision about college. My parents and I talked it over last night. Right now, I don't know if I want to go into a professional field or a technical field. {bk12-l2a-f2-02-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: About what? {bk12-l2a-f1-13.mp3}

TEMPLATE: 3. You don't have to make a choice today. You've got plenty of time to think it over. You're only in your second year of high school.
PROMPT: You're right. Maybe by next year it won't be so confusing. {bk12-l2a-f2-03-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: You don't have to make a choice today. You've got plenty of time to think it over. You're only in your second year of high school. {bk12-l2a-f1-15.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2A Figure 3 (questions on the dialogue)
$PRODUCE Questions About Mark and Sam
ID: 12-2a-f3
REFERENCE: 12-2a-f1
INPUT: type
CHECK: llm
RUBRIC: Accept any sentence that correctly conveys the factual meaning of the model answer based on the dialogue.
INTRO: Now answer questions about Mark and Sam's conversation. Type a complete sentence — and open the dialogue if your memory needs a hand.
INSTRUCTION: Type your answer in a complete sentence.

PROMPT: Is Mark happy? {bk12-l2a-f3-07-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, he's confused. {bk12-l2a-f3-07-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Does he have to make a decision about work? {bk12-l2a-f3-08-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, he has to make a decision about college. {bk12-l2a-f3-08-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Does he have to make a choice today? {bk12-l2a-f3-09-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, he's got plenty of time to think it over. {bk12-l2a-f3-09-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Is he in college now? {bk12-l2a-f3-10-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, he's in his second year of high school. {bk12-l2a-f3-10-a.mp3}

$SESSION 2-2: A Time for Decisions

# Source: ST §A Time for Decisions — Part I
$DIALOGUE A Time for Decisions: Dan
ID: l2-s4
INTRO: In this part you'll follow Dan and Paula — a couple with two careers and two big decisions to make. First, meet Dan: seventeen years in the military and a lot on his mind. Repeat each line as you read.
INSTRUCTION: Repeat the new words, then read the paragraph.
REPEAT

Narrator: Meet Dan. {st-page_047_001.jpg}
VOCAB: career
VOCAB: all
Narrator: Dan has been in the military for 17 years. It has been his career all these years. {st-page_047_001.jpg}
VOCAB: future
Narrator: Dan has been thinking about his future. {st-page_047_001.jpg}
VOCAB: choice
VOCAB: retire
Narrator: He has two choices: he can retire from the military in four years, or he can stay in. {st-page_047_001.jpg}
VOCAB: make up one's mind | made up his mind
VOCAB: yet
Narrator: Dan hasn't made up his mind yet. {st-page_047_001.jpg}
Narrator: If he chooses to become a civilian, he has to be ready. {st-page_047_001.jpg}
VOCAB: profession
Narrator: He needs a new profession, so he's thinking about going to technical school to get his associate degree. {st-page_047_001.jpg}
VOCAB: talk over | talk it over
Narrator: He'll talk it over with his wife, Paula, this evening. {st-page_047_001.jpg}

# Source: ST §A Time for Decisions True/False (items 1–7, split)
$SELECT True or False: Dan
ID: l2-s6
REFERENCE
SHOW_PROMPT
INTRO: True or false about Dan? Tap your answer — the reading is one tap away if you need to check.
INSTRUCTION: Tap True or False.
OPTION: T | True
OPTION: F | False

PROMPT: Dan's career has been in the military.
ANSWER: T

PROMPT: Dan has been thinking about things he has already done.
ANSWER: F

PROMPT: One of Dan's choices is to retire from civilian work.
ANSWER: F

PROMPT: Dan decided to retire.
ANSWER: F

PROMPT: Dan may have a new profession in the future.
ANSWER: T

PROMPT: Dan may get an associate degree from a university.
ANSWER: F

PROMPT: Dan will discuss this with his wife.
ANSWER: T

# Source: ST §A Time for Decisions — Part II
$DIALOGUE A Time for Decisions: Paula
ID: l2-s5
INTRO: Now meet Paula — a Spanish teacher who just got a job offer of her own. One family, two decisions. Repeat each line as you read.
INSTRUCTION: Repeat the new words, then read the paragraph.
REPEAT

Narrator: Meet Paula. {st-page_048_001.jpg}
VOCAB: professional
VOCAB: education
Narrator: Paula is a professional in the field of education. {st-page_048_001.jpg}
Narrator: She teaches Spanish at a high school. She has been a teacher in the same school for the last ten years. {st-page_048_001.jpg}
VOCAB: just
Narrator: This afternoon, Highland College just offered her a job. {st-page_048_001.jpg}
Narrator: She would like to change jobs because it would be good for her professional growth, but the job at the college is in the evening, and that's the time she spends teaching her children. {st-page_048_001.jpg}
VOCAB: think over | think it over
VOCAB: discuss
VOCAB: offer
Narrator: She has to think it over and discuss the offer with Dan this evening. {st-page_048_001.jpg}

# Source: ST §A Time for Decisions True/False (items 8–12, split)
$SELECT True or False: Paula
ID: l2-s6-b
REFERENCE
SHOW_PROMPT
INTRO: Now true or false about Paula. Open the reading if you're not sure.
INSTRUCTION: Tap True or False.
OPTION: T | True
OPTION: F | False

PROMPT: Paula is in the field of education.
ANSWER: T

PROMPT: Another high school just offered her a job.
ANSWER: F

PROMPT: A job at a college would help her career.
ANSWER: T

PROMPT: She will teach her children in the morning.
ANSWER: F

PROMPT: She will think about this and talk to Dan.
ANSWER: T

# SKIPPED (book): Listening Skill "IT EAT IT" (circle the letter of the word that sounds different) — instructor-read sound discrimination with no recorded stimulus and no given words. Dropped.

# DROPPED (master): ST §Making Decisions vocabulary panel (l2-s7) — cross-source twin of the cassette vocab presentations (LLA 2A Figure 1 and LLA 2B Figure 1: turn down, instead, instead of, discuss/discussion, educate, accept, refuse, offer). Its one distinct word, "refusal", is salvaged as a VOCAB tag in the dialogue below.

# Source: ST §A Decision Without Discussion
$DIALOGUE Dialogue: A Decision Without Discussion
ID: l2-s8
INTRO: Paula has made her decision — without much discussion, as the title admits. Read and repeat the dialogue.
INSTRUCTION: Repeat the new words, then read the dialog.
REPEAT

VOCAB: turn down | turn it down
Paula: After the kids and I got home from school, I decided I didn't want the job, Dan. I'm going to turn it down.
Dan: Don't you want to hear what I have to say?

VOCAB: educator
VOCAB: educate
VOCAB: take
Paula: Yes, but first, remember, I am a mother and an educator so I want to educate my children first. If I take the job at Highland College, I won't have time to teach them.

VOCAB: confused
VOCAB: accept
VOCAB: refuse
Dan: Now I'm confused, Paula. You've always said you need professional growth, and now that you have a chance, instead of accepting a better job, you're going to refuse it.

VOCAB: decision
VOCAB: instead
Paula: Now, now, Dan. Don't you start with me! I know that deep down you're happy with my decision. Why don't we talk about your school instead?
NOTES: "Don't you start with me!" = Don't make problems. / "deep down" = inside

Dan: I think I want to wait until after dinner.
Paula: Okay.

# Source: ST §Answer About a Decision Without Discussion
$PRODUCE Questions: Paula's Decision
ID: l2-s9
REFERENCE
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
SHOW_PROMPT
RUBRIC: Treat the model answer as the factual key; accept any phrasing or short form of the same fact(s).
INTRO: Answer these questions about Paula's decision in complete sentences. The dialogue is there if you need it.
INSTRUCTION: Answer these questions based on the dialog.

PROMPT: Is Paula going to accept the job or refuse it?
RESPONSE: She is going to refuse it.

PROMPT: Has she discussed this with Dan?
RESPONSE: No, she made the decision without discussing it first.

PROMPT: What is Paula's profession?
RESPONSE: She is a teacher and an educator.

PROMPT: Why did she make that decision?
RESPONSE: She wants to educate her children first.

PROMPT: Why is Dan confused?
RESPONSE: He thought she wanted professional growth.

PROMPT: Do you think Dan is happy about Paula's decision?
RESPONSE: Yes, Paula thinks he is happy deep down.

# Source: ST §Dan Changes His Mind About His Field
$DIALOGUE Dialogue: Dan Changes His Mind
ID: l2-s10
INTRO: Dan has news of his own: he's changed his mind about his field. Read and repeat.
INSTRUCTION: Repeat the new words, then read the dialog.
REPEAT

Dan: I've been thinking about the future, Paula. If I retire in four years, I need to have a career as a civilian. I need to go back to school.

VOCAB: change one's mind | changed your mind
Paula: You really should. Do you still want to get some medical training, or have you changed your mind?

VOCAB: course
Dan: I think I'd like to take more courses in electronics.

VOCAB: already
Paula: That's good, since you've already taken courses in that field.

VOCAB: tour of duty
Dan: Yes, and I sure have enjoyed them. Now that we've made all these plans, I hope they don't send me on an overseas tour of duty.
Paula: I think you've been out of the country enough.

VOCAB: refusal
Dan: Paula, I'm still a little confused. Are you sure you're happy with your refusal?

VOCAB: confusing
Paula: It's really not so confusing, Dan. I'm not really happy, but I think this is what I have to do. All of us have to make some choices we don't like.

# Source: ST §Answer About Dan
$PRODUCE Questions: Dan's Plans
ID: l2-s11
REFERENCE
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
SHOW_PROMPT
RUBRIC: Treat the model answer as the factual key; accept any phrasing or short form of the same fact(s).
INTRO: Now answer questions about Dan's plans. Say your answer aloud in a full sentence.
INSTRUCTION: Answer these questions based on the dialog.

PROMPT: If Dan retires, what does he need?
RESPONSE: He needs to have a career as a civilian.

PROMPT: What kind of training did Dan want before he changed his mind?
RESPONSE: He wanted medical training.

PROMPT: What kind of courses does he want to take now?
RESPONSE: He wants to take more courses in electronics.

PROMPT: Why doesn't Dan want an overseas tour of duty now?
RESPONSE: He wants to stay and follow the plans they made.

PROMPT: Why is Paula's decision confusing to Dan?
RESPONSE: She made a choice she doesn't really like.

# Source: ST §Decisions About Their Careers
$PRODUCE Say It: Dan and Paula's Story
ID: l2-s12
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
SHOW_PROMPT
RUBRIC: The learner must produce a grammatically correct sentence using the prompt word, and the sentence must relate to Paula and Dan's story from the previous dialogues.
INTRO: Time to retell the story. For each word you hear, say one sentence about Dan and Paula that uses it — anything true to their story counts. They've talked about it enough; now it's your turn.
INSTRUCTION: Make a sentence with the given word. The sentence should be about Paula and Dan.

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: career
RESPONSE: Dan's career has been in the military.

PROMPT: choices
RESPONSE: Dan has two choices for his future.

PROMPT: retire
RESPONSE: Dan might retire in four years.

PROMPT: make up his mind
RESPONSE: Dan hasn't made up his mind yet.

PROMPT: profession
RESPONSE: Dan needs a new profession.

PROMPT: offered
RESPONSE: Highland College offered Paula a job.

PROMPT: professional growth
RESPONSE: A new job would be good for Paula's professional growth.

PROMPT: think over
RESPONSE: Paula has to think the offer over.

PROMPT: discuss
RESPONSE: Paula needs to discuss the offer with Dan.

PROMPT: turn down
RESPONSE: Paula is going to turn down the job.

PROMPT: educate
RESPONSE: Paula wants to educate her children.

PROMPT: confused
RESPONSE: Dan was confused by Paula's decision.

PROMPT: instead of
RESPONSE: Paula wants to teach her kids instead of taking the new job.

PROMPT: decision
RESPONSE: Paula made a decision without discussion.

PROMPT: change his mind
RESPONSE: Dan changed his mind about medical training.

PROMPT: take courses
RESPONSE: Dan wants to take courses in electronics.

PROMPT: tour of duty
RESPONSE: Dan hopes he doesn't get an overseas tour of duty.

PROMPT: refusal
RESPONSE: Dan asked if Paula is happy with her refusal.

PROMPT: confusing
RESPONSE: Paula says her choice is not confusing.

$SESSION 2-3: Already, Still, Yet, and Anymore

# Source: LLA 2A Figure 3 (adverbs of time presentation)
$DIALOGUE Time Words in Sentences
ID: 12-2a-vocab2
INTRO: This part is all about time words: "already", "still", "yet", "anymore", "any longer", and "no longer". Listen to each one in a pair of sentences and repeat.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat each word and sentence.
REPEAT

LINE: Lieutenant Adams already knows Captain Jones. {bk12-l2a-f3-01-a.mp3}
LINE: He met him last night. {bk12-l2a-f3-01-b.mp3}

VOCAB: no longer
LINE: Mr. Flores no longer works here. {bk12-l2a-f3-02-a.mp3}
LINE: He retired last month. {bk12-l2a-f3-02-b.mp3}

VOCAB: yet
LINE: Ms. Sampson hasn't typed that letter yet. {bk12-l2a-f3-03-a.mp3}
LINE: She's been very busy. {bk12-l2a-f3-03-b.mp3}

VOCAB: anymore
LINE: I don't go to Lee High School anymore. {bk12-l2a-f3-04-a.mp3}
LINE: I graduated last year. {bk12-l2a-f3-04-b.mp3}

VOCAB: any longer
LINE: Jim's not going to technical school any longer. {bk12-l2a-f3-05-a.mp3}
LINE: He finished and got a job. {bk12-l2a-f3-05-b.mp3}

VOCAB: still
LINE: Beth is still living in Chicago. {bk12-l2a-f3-06-a.mp3}
LINE: She's lived there for 6 years now. {bk12-l2a-f3-06-b.mp3}

# Source: ST §Adverbs grammar box
$GRAMMAR Already, Still, Yet, Anymore, Any Longer, No Longer
ID: l2-s13
INTRO: Here's how the six time words work — where each one goes in the sentence, and whether it likes questions, negatives, or both. Read it once now; the drills will make it stick.

We use **already** to say something happened before now or before this time. It is used in questions and affirmative statements.
> Ed **already** has a high school diploma.
> Mr. Smith is **already** here.
> Are they **already** in elementary school?

We use **still** to say that a situation is continuing. It usually goes in the middle of the sentence with the verb. It is used in questions and in affirmative and negative statements.
> Ed **still** doesn't have a college degree.
> It was warm yesterday, and it's **still** warm today.
> Are you **still** waiting?

We use **yet** to ask or talk about something that did not happen before now, but might in the future. It goes at the end of the sentence. It is used in questions and negative statements.
> I'm very hungry. Is dinner ready **yet**?
> Can you wait ten minutes? John isn't here **yet**.

We use **anymore**, **any longer**, and **no longer** to say that a past situation does not exist.

**Anymore** and **any longer** are used in questions and negative statements. They go at the end of the sentence.
> Is he in high school **anymore**/**any longer**?
> She isn't in the army **anymore**/**any longer**.

**No longer** is used in affirmative statements. It goes in the middle of the sentence with the verb.
> He is **no longer** a student.
> She **no longer** works at night.

# Source: ST §Ed Already Has a Diploma
$DIALOGUE Reading: Ed Already Has a Diploma
ID: l2-s14
INTRO: Read about Ed, who already has his diploma but doesn't have a job yet. Notice the time words quietly doing all the work.
INSTRUCTION: Read the paragraphs.

LINE: Ed graduated from high school in May. {st-page_055_001.jpg}
LINE: He isn't a student any longer. He doesn't study anymore. {st-page_055_001.jpg}
LINE: He no longer has to do homework or take tests. {st-page_055_001.jpg}
LINE: Ed doesn't have a job yet. {st-page_055_002.jpg}
LINE: He began looking for a job in June, but he still hasn't found one that he wants. {st-page_055_002.jpg}
LINE: He's worried, because some of his friends already have jobs. {st-page_055_002.jpg}

# Source: LLA 2A Figure 4
$PRODUCE Choose the Right Time Word
ID: 12-2a-f4
INPUT: type
CHECK: exact
INTRO: Listen to each sentence, then type the time word from the list that completes it. You'll hear the full sentence after you answer — say it back.
INSTRUCTION: Type the missing word.
REPEAT

TEMPLATE: (still / yet / no longer / already / any longer / anymore)
TEMPLATE: Frank studied French for three years. He ____ knows how to speak that language.
PROMPT: Frank studied French for 3 years. He knows how to speak that language. {bk12-l2a-f4-01-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Frank studied French for 3 years. He already knows how to speak that language. {bk12-l2a-f4-01-a.mp3}
ACCEPT: already

TEMPLATE: (still / yet / no longer / already / any longer / anymore)
TEMPLATE: Major Gunther moved last month. He ____ lives here.
PROMPT: Major Gunther moved last month. He lives here. {bk12-l2a-f4-02-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Major Gunther moved last month. He no longer lives here. {bk12-l2a-f4-02-a.mp3}
ACCEPT: no longer

TEMPLATE: (still / yet / no longer / already / any longer / anymore)
TEMPLATE: It's 9:30, and I haven't eaten dinner ____.
PROMPT: It's 9:30, and I haven't eaten dinner. {bk12-l2a-f4-03-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: It's 9:30, and I haven't eaten dinner yet. {bk12-l2a-f4-03-a.mp3}
ACCEPT: yet

TEMPLATE: (still / yet / no longer / already / any longer / anymore)
TEMPLATE: Lt Emery has a tour of duty in Germany. He doesn't work at this base ____.
PROMPT: Lieutenant Emery has a tour of duty in Germany. He doesn't work at this base. {bk12-l2a-f4-04-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Lieutenant Emery has a tour of duty in Germany. He doesn't work at this base any longer. {bk12-l2a-f4-04-a.mp3}
ACCEPT: any longer | anymore

TEMPLATE: (still / yet / no longer / already / any longer / anymore)
TEMPLATE: My daughter got married three weeks ago. She doesn't live here ____.
PROMPT: My daughter got married 3 weeks ago. She doesn't live here. {bk12-l2a-f4-05-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: My daughter got married 3 weeks ago. She doesn't live here any longer. {bk12-l2a-f4-05-a.mp3}
ACCEPT: any longer | anymore

TEMPLATE: (still / yet / no longer / already / any longer / anymore)
TEMPLATE: Ms. Smith hasn't come for her appointment yet. The doctor is ____ waiting.
PROMPT: Mrs. Smith hasn't come for her appointment yet. The doctor is waiting. {bk12-l2a-f4-06-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Mrs. Smith hasn't come for her appointment yet. The doctor is still waiting. {bk12-l2a-f4-06-a.mp3}
ACCEPT: still

# Source: LLA 2A Figure 5
$PRODUCE Answer With Time Words
ID: 12-2a-f5
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
INTRO: Listen to each question and answer aloud in a complete sentence, using the cue on the screen. Then repeat the correct answer.
INSTRUCTION: Answer aloud using the cues.
REPEAT

TEMPLATE: (yes)
PROMPT: Has Jennifer eaten lunch yet? {bk12-l2a-f5-01-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: "Yes." She has already eaten lunch. {bk12-l2a-f5-01-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: (no, no longer)
PROMPT: Does Fred live here anymore? {bk12-l2a-f5-02-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: "No." He no longer lives here. {bk12-l2a-f5-02-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: (yes, every month)
PROMPT: Does Marilyn write to you anymore? {bk12-l2a-f5-03-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: "Yes." She still writes every month. {bk12-l2a-f5-03-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: (yes, every Friday)
PROMPT: Do the Samsons eat here anymore? {bk12-l2a-f5-04-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: "Yes." They still eat here every Friday. {bk12-l2a-f5-04-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: (yes)
PROMPT: Have the Johnsons been to Chicago yet? {bk12-l2a-f5-05-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: "Yes." They've already been there. {bk12-l2a-f5-05-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: (no)
PROMPT: Does Lieutenant Richards work for you anymore? {bk12-l2a-f5-06-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: "No." He no longer works for me. {bk12-l2a-f5-06-a.mp3}

# Source: ST §Are You Still in the Army?
$PRODUCE Complete the Dialogue: Still in the Army?
ID: l2-s15
INPUT: type
CHECK: exact
INTRO: Dan runs into an old friend, Ted, who's out of uniform. Complete their conversation by typing the missing time word in each gap.
INSTRUCTION: Complete the dialog. Use: still, already, yet, anymore, any longer, no longer.

TEMPLATE: Dan: Why are you in civilian clothes?
TEMPLATE: Ted: I'm ____{no longer} in the Army.
RESPONSE: Dan: Why are you in civilian clothes? Ted: I'm no longer in the Army.

TEMPLATE: Dan: Why did you decide to retire?
TEMPLATE: Ted: I didn't want to move from base to base ____{anymore|any longer}.
RESPONSE: Dan: Why did you decide to retire? Ted: I didn't want to move from base to base anymore.

TEMPLATE: Dan: Are you going to start a second career?
TEMPLATE: Ted: Yes. I've ____{already} accepted an offer to teach math.
RESPONSE: Dan: Are you going to start a second career? Ted: Yes. I've already accepted an offer to teach math.

TEMPLATE: Ted: How about you? Are you ____{still} flying for the Navy?
RESPONSE: Ted: How about you? Are you still flying for the Navy?

TEMPLATE: Dan: No, I'm not flying ____{anymore|any longer}. I have a desk job now.
RESPONSE: Dan: No, I'm not flying anymore. I have a desk job now.

TEMPLATE: Ted: Are you ready to retire ____{yet}?
RESPONSE: Ted: Are you ready to retire yet?

TEMPLATE: Dan: I'd like to, but I can't. I ____{still} have two kids in college.
RESPONSE: Dan: I'd like to, but I can't. I still have two kids in college.

# Source: ST §Make Sentences With Adverbs
$PRODUCE Make Sentences With Time Words
ID: l2-s16
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
INTRO: Read each mini-exchange, then make one sentence about it using the word in parentheses. Say it aloud, then check the model.
INSTRUCTION: Make a sentence about the dialog using the word in parentheses.

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: Dan: Don is a college student now. He was a college student last year too. (still)
RESPONSE: Don is still a college student.

TEMPLATE: Don: How is your car?
TEMPLATE: Ben: I've been working on it for two days. (still)
RESPONSE: Ben is still working on his car.

TEMPLATE: Lou: When will you be ready to leave?
TEMPLATE: Tim: In another hour or two. (yet)
RESPONSE: Tim isn't ready to leave yet.

TEMPLATE: Ted: Do you plan to get a master's degree?
TEMPLATE: Bob: I have one. I got it several years ago. (already)
RESPONSE: Bob already has a master's degree.

TEMPLATE: Jim: Does Carl live in the barracks?
TEMPLATE: Joe: He did until last week. (anymore)
RESPONSE: Carl doesn't live in the barracks anymore.

TEMPLATE: Sam: Are you driving a bus now?
TEMPLATE: Tom: No. I started driving a taxi last year. (any longer)
RESPONSE: Tom doesn't drive a bus any longer.

TEMPLATE: Sam: Are you driving a bus now?
TEMPLATE: Tom: No. I started driving a taxi last year. (no longer)
RESPONSE: Tom no longer drives a bus.

TEMPLATE: Tom: John wants to be a pilot.
TEMPLATE: Bob: His brother is a pilot now. (yet)
RESPONSE: John isn't a pilot yet.

TEMPLATE: Tom: John wants to be a pilot.
TEMPLATE: Bob: His brother is a pilot now. (already)
RESPONSE: John's brother is already a pilot.

TEMPLATE: Ray: Does Kim teach French?
TEMPLATE: Don: She did last year, but she doesn't now. (no longer)
RESPONSE: Kim no longer teaches French.

TEMPLATE: Ray: Does Kim teach French?
TEMPLATE: Don: She did last year, but she doesn't now. (any longer)
RESPONSE: Kim doesn't teach French any longer.

# Source: ST §Barbara Is Still a Secretary
$DIALOGUE Reading: Barbara Is Still a Secretary
ID: l2-s17
INTRO: One more decision-maker: read about Barbara, a secretary with bigger plans.
INSTRUCTION: Read the paragraphs.

LINE: Barbara is a secretary now, but she will be a college student in September.
LINE: She no longer likes her job or wants to work for a big company.
LINE: She has an associate degree. Now she wants a bachelor's degree.
LINE: She's thinking about a master's degree too.
LINE: Barbara will have to work while she's in college, but she won't work all day.
LINE: She has another job. She'll work part time in the school library.

# Source: ST §Ask and Answer About Barbara
$PRODUCE Ask and Answer About Barbara
ID: l2-s18
REFERENCE
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
SHOW_PROMPT
RUBRIC: The learner must produce a grammatically correct question using the prompted adverb (still, already, yet, anymore, no longer, any longer) based on Barbara's story, followed by a matching short or long answer. (e.g. prompt "still" -> "Is Barbara still a secretary? Yes, she is.")
INTRO: Now use each time word to ask AND answer a question about Barbara. Both halves are yours — her story is a tap away if you need it.
INSTRUCTION: Ask and answer a question about the paragraphs using the given word.

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: still
RESPONSE: Is Barbara still a secretary? Yes, she is.

PROMPT: already
RESPONSE: Does Barbara already have a degree? Yes, she already has an associate degree.

PROMPT: yet
RESPONSE: Is she a college student yet? No, she isn't a college student yet.

PROMPT: no longer
RESPONSE: Does she like her job? No, she no longer likes her job.

PROMPT: anymore
RESPONSE: Does she want to work for a big company? No, she doesn't want to work for a big company anymore.

$SESSION 2-4: Careers and Job Offers

# Source: LLA 2B Figure 1 (vocabulary)
$DIALOGUE New Words: Offers and Careers
ID: l2b-vocab
INTRO: This part is about job offers and careers — accepting them, refusing them, and thinking them over. Listen to each new word in a sentence and repeat.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
REPEAT

VOCAB: took
LINE: Larry took 6 math courses at the university. {bk12-l2b-f1-01-a.mp3}
LINE: He studied 6 math courses. {bk12-l2b-f1-01-b.mp3}

VOCAB: accept
LINE: That new job is a promotion. I'm going to accept it. {bk12-l2b-f1-02.mp3}

VOCAB: offer
LINE: The Navy made John a good offer. {bk12-l2b-f1-03-a.mp3}
LINE: They'll help pay for his education. {bk12-l2b-f1-03-b.mp3}

LINE: The last time we ate at that restaurant, the food was terrible. {bk12-l2b-f1-04-a.mp3}
VOCAB: refuse
LINE: I refuse to go there again. {bk12-l2b-f1-04-b.mp3}

VOCAB: retire
LINE: Next year, James is going to retire. {bk12-l2b-f1-05-a.mp3}
LINE: He plans to travel all over the United States. {bk12-l2b-f1-05-b.mp3}

VOCAB: just
LINE: I don't know where Captain Highland is. I just got here. {bk12-l2b-f1-06.mp3}

VOCAB: to offer
LINE: I think Mr. Moore is going to offer me that teaching job. {bk12-l2b-f1-07.mp3}

VOCAB: profession
LINE: Don is a doctor. He's part of the medical profession. {bk12-l2b-f1-08.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2B Figure 1 (dialogue)
$DIALOGUE Dialogue: Mike's Medical Career
ID: l2b-f1-dialogue
INTRO: Jack wants to know what Mike is studying. Spoiler: it's not to become a doctor. Just listen.
INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.

Jack: Hey, Mike. What courses are you taking now? {bk12-l2b-f1-09.mp3}
Mike: I'm taking a lot of medical courses, Jack. I'm in the medical field. {bk12-l2b-f1-10.mp3}
Jack: Are you going to be a doctor? {bk12-l2b-f1-11.mp3}
Mike: No. I'm going to be a nurse. {bk12-l2b-f1-12.mp3}
Jack: Will you get a degree? {bk12-l2b-f1-13.mp3}
Mike: Yes. My degree will be in nursing. {bk12-l2b-f1-14.mp3}
Jack: It sounds like an interesting career. {bk12-l2b-f1-15.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2B Figure 1 (role-play)
$PRODUCE Role-play: You Are Mike
ID: l2b-f1-roleplay
REFERENCE
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
INTRO: Now take Mike's part. Listen to Jack, then say your printed line aloud.
INSTRUCTION: Read Mike's lines aloud.

PROMPT: Hey, Mike. What courses are you taking now? {bk12-l2b-f1-16-q.mp3}
TEMPLATE: I'm taking a lot of medical courses, Jack. I'm in the medical field.
RESPONSE: I'm taking a lot of medical courses, Jack. I'm in the medical field. {bk12-l2b-f1-16-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Are you going to be a doctor? {bk12-l2b-f1-17-q.mp3}
TEMPLATE: No, I'm going to be a nurse.
RESPONSE: No. I'm going to be a nurse. {bk12-l2b-f1-17-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Will you get a degree? {bk12-l2b-f1-18-q.mp3}
TEMPLATE: Yes, my degree will be in nursing.
RESPONSE: Yes. My degree will be in nursing. {bk12-l2b-f1-18-a.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2B Figure 2
$PRODUCE Role-play: You Are Jack (Medical Courses)
ID: l2b-f2
REFERENCE: l2b-f1-dialogue
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
INTRO: Now switch: you are Jack, and you start the conversation. Say your lines aloud, then listen to Mike.
INSTRUCTION: Read Jack's lines aloud.

TEMPLATE: Hey, Mike, what courses are you taking now?
RESPONSE: Hey, Mike. What courses are you taking now? {bk12-l2b-f1-09.mp3}

PROMPT: I'm taking a lot of medical courses, Jack. I'm in the medical field. {bk12-l2b-f2-01-q.mp3}
TEMPLATE: Are you going to be a doctor?
RESPONSE: Are you going to be a doctor? {bk12-l2b-f1-11.mp3}

PROMPT: No. I'm going to be a nurse. {bk12-l2b-f2-02-q.mp3}
TEMPLATE: Will you get a degree?
RESPONSE: Will you get a degree? {bk12-l2b-f1-13.mp3}

PROMPT: Yes, my degree will be in nursing. {bk12-l2b-f2-03-q.mp3}
TEMPLATE: It sounds like an interesting career.
RESPONSE: It sounds like an interesting career. {bk12-l2b-f1-15.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2B Figure 4 (dialog 1)
$DIALOGUE Short Dialogue: Sam's Career
ID: l2b-f4-d1
INTRO: A quick exchange: Bob asks Sam about a job he turned down. Listen for what Sam decided instead.
INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.

Bob: Did you turn down that job at the phone company, Sam? {bk12-l2b-f4-01.mp3}
Sam: I sure did, Bob. {bk12-l2b-f4-02.mp3}
Bob: What profession did you decide on? {bk12-l2b-f4-03.mp3}
Sam: I decided on a career in the military. {bk12-l2b-f4-04.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2B Figure 4 (question 1)
$PRODUCE Question: Sam's Career
ID: l2b-f4-q1
REFERENCE
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
SHOW_PROMPT
RUBRIC: Accept any statement that Sam chose the military.
INTRO: Now answer the question about Sam. Say it aloud in a full sentence.
INSTRUCTION: Answer the question aloud.

PROMPT: What career did Sam choose? {bk12-l2b-f4-05-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Sam chose a career in the military. {bk12-l2b-f4-05-a.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2B Figure 4 (dialog 2)
$DIALOGUE Short Dialogue: Sally's Vacation
ID: l2b-f4-d2
INTRO: Another short one: Sally's vacation plans versus the weather. Listen.
INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.

Man1: Where are you going on your vacation, Sally? {bk12-l2b-f4-06.mp3}
Sally: I want to go to the beach. {bk12-l2b-f4-07.mp3}
Man1: It's rainy and windy today. {bk12-l2b-f4-08.mp3}
Sally: I hope it clears up before I go. {bk12-l2b-f4-09.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2B Figure 4 (question 2)
$PRODUCE Question: Sally's Vacation
ID: l2b-f4-q2
REFERENCE
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
SHOW_PROMPT
RUBRIC: Accept any statement that Sally wants to go to the beach.
INTRO: Answer the question about Sally aloud, in a full sentence.
INSTRUCTION: Answer the question aloud.

PROMPT: Where does Sally want to go on her vacation? {bk12-l2b-f4-10-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Sally wants to go to the beach. {bk12-l2b-f4-10-a.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2B Figure 5
$SELECT Choose the Statement With the Same Meaning
ID: l2b-f5
INTRO: Listen to each sentence, then tap the statement that means the same thing. It's a meaning check, not a memory test.
INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct statement.
REPEAT

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: Margaret and Joe make a nice couple. {bk12-l2b-f5-ex.mp3}
OPTION: a | Margaret and Joe work together.
OPTION: b | Margaret and Joe are brother and sister.
OPTION: c | Margaret and Joe are married.
ANSWER: c
FEEDBACK: Margaret and Joe are married. {bk12-l2b-f5-ex-a.mp3}

PROMPT: The coach said they had to practice again on Wednesday. {bk12-l2b-f5-01.mp3}
OPTION: a | A coach teaches people sports.
OPTION: b | A coach is a policeman.
OPTION: c | A coach is a soldier in the Army.
ANSWER: a
FEEDBACK: A coach teaches people sports.

PROMPT: Sally doubts that she can come to dinner. She's not feeling well. {bk12-l2b-f5-02.mp3}
OPTION: a | Sally thinks she can come.
OPTION: b | Sally doesn't think she can come.
OPTION: c | Sally doesn't want to come.
ANSWER: b
FEEDBACK: Sally doesn't think she can come.

PROMPT: That new high school needs a stadium for their football, soccer, and baseball games. {bk12-l2b-f5-03.mp3}
OPTION: a | The school needs a place to eat.
OPTION: b | The school needs a quiet place to study.
OPTION: c | The school needs a place to play sports.
ANSWER: c
FEEDBACK: The school needs a place to play sports.

PROMPT: Henry got several presents for his birthday. He got a bicycle, a watch, and two small trucks. {bk12-l2b-f5-04.mp3}
OPTION: a | Henry ate lots of cake.
OPTION: b | Henry got lots of gifts.
OPTION: c | Henry spent lots of money.
ANSWER: b
FEEDBACK: Henry got lots of gifts. {bk12-l2b-f5-04-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Mary Lou bought 3 necklaces, 4 rings, and 2 pairs of earrings. {bk12-l2b-f5-05.mp3}
OPTION: a | Mary Lou bought lots of jewelry.
OPTION: b | Mary Lou bought lots of clothes.
OPTION: c | Mary Lou bought lots of food.
ANSWER: a
FEEDBACK: Mary Lou bought lots of jewelry.

# Source: ST §Select the Meaning
$SELECT Words in Context
ID: l2-s19
INTRO: Read each sentence and tap the meaning of the emphasized word. The sentence around it gives you everything you need — no dictionary heroics required.
INSTRUCTION: Tap the word with the same meaning as the emphasized word.

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: Tony used an *almanac* in the library to find out more about the country of Kuwait.
OPTION: a | a kind of tool
OPTION: b | a kind of radio
OPTION: c | a kind of book
ANSWER: c

TEMPLATE: Everyone enjoyed the wedding *reception* which was held at the Ronco Hotel.
OPTION: a | party
OPTION: b | meeting
OPTION: c | show
ANSWER: a

TEMPLATE: I had a good *idea* last night about how to fix this radio, but now I can't remember it.
OPTION: a | a tool
OPTION: b | some money
OPTION: c | a thought
ANSWER: c

TEMPLATE: The animals were put in the *barn* to keep them dry during the storm.
OPTION: a | a building
OPTION: b | a park
OPTION: c | a yard
ANSWER: a

TEMPLATE: She wants to be near her job. She doesn't like to live in the city, so she lives on the *outskirts*.
OPTION: a | a place near a city
OPTION: b | a place far from a city
OPTION: c | a place in a city
ANSWER: a

TEMPLATE: They got a *bargain* at the store, so they had enough money to go to the movies.
OPTION: a | something bought expensively
OPTION: b | something bought cheaply
OPTION: c | something fixed
ANSWER: b

# SKIPPED (book): Figure 6 — Grid placement task; skip per rules.

$SESSION 2-5: Conjunctions "So" and "Or"

# Source: LLA 2B Figure 2 (conjunctions presentation)
$DIALOGUE Listening: So and Or
ID: l2b-conj
INTRO: This part teaches two small, hardworking words: "so" for results and "or" for choices. Listen to the sentences and repeat them.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
REPEAT

LINE: The movie was boring. So we went home. {bk12-l2b-f2-04.mp3}
LINE: We can go to dinner. Or we can go to the movies. {bk12-l2b-f2-05.mp3}
LINE: Fred was sick. So he didn't go to Al's party. {bk12-l2b-f2-06.mp3}
LINE: You can give it to me. Or you can give it to my secretary. {bk12-l2b-f2-07.mp3}
LINE: It was snowing. So we stayed at home. {bk12-l2b-f2-08.mp3}
LINE: I can fly. Or I can take the train. {bk12-l2b-f2-09.mp3}
LINE: Jim had a fever and a bad cough. {bk12-l2b-f2-10-a.mp3}
LINE: So he went to the doctor. {bk12-l2b-f2-10-b.mp3}
LINE: You can have chicken soup. Or you can have a chicken sandwich. {bk12-l2b-f2-11.mp3}

# Source: ST §Do You Need an Appointment Today...
$DIALOGUE Dialogues With So and Or
ID: l2-s25
INTRO: Read three short dialogues where people face results and choices — a sick patient, an empty wallet, and a wet dog.
INSTRUCTION: Read the dialogs.

Clerk: Can you wait until Monday, or do you need an appointment today? {st-page_064_001.jpg}
Maria: I really feel awful, so I need an appointment right away. {st-page_064_001.jpg}

Steven: I don't have any cash, so I'll have to write a check. {st-page_064_002.jpg}
Waiter: You can write a check, or you can charge your meal if you want to. {st-page_064_002.jpg}

Tommy: Does Rex have to stay outside, or can he come in the house? {st-page_064_003.jpg}
Mother: He's wet and dirty, so please keep him outside. {st-page_064_003.jpg}

# Source: ST §I Don't Have Any Money, So I Need to Write a Check
$GRAMMAR So — Expressing a Result
ID: l2-s26
INTRO: A closer look at "so": it links a situation to its result.

We use the conjunction **so** to express the result of a situation.

| SITUATION | RESULT |
|---|---|
| Because I don't have any cash, | I'll write a check. |
| I don't have any cash, | **so** I'll write a check. |

# Source: ST §Use "So"
$PRODUCE Practice: Use So
ID: l2-s27
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
SHOW_PROMPT
INTRO: Now change each "because" sentence into a "so" sentence, aloud. Situation first, result second — the meaning stays put.
INSTRUCTION: Change the sentence aloud. Use "so" to show the result. (Don't use "because".)

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: Because it was raining, we took a taxi.
RESPONSE: It was raining, so we took a taxi.

PROMPT: Because we didn't have classes on Friday, we went to the beach.
RESPONSE: We didn't have classes on Friday, so we went to the beach.

PROMPT: Because we wanted to spend all day there, we decided to leave early.
RESPONSE: We wanted to spend all day there, so we decided to leave early.

PROMPT: Because Tom and Doug had to work, they couldn't go.
RESPONSE: Tom and Doug had to work, so they couldn't go.

PROMPT: Because Dave's car was out of gas, we went in Jack's car.
RESPONSE: Dave's car was out of gas, so we went in Jack's car.

PROMPT: Because Jack was tired, Mike drove.
RESPONSE: Jack was tired, so Mike drove.

PROMPT: Because we were hungry, we stopped and ate lunch on the way.
RESPONSE: We were hungry, so we stopped and ate lunch on the way.

PROMPT: Because the water was cold, we didn't swim much.
RESPONSE: The water was cold, so we didn't swim much.

PROMPT: Because I forgot to take a towel, Jack lent me one of his.
RESPONSE: I forgot to take a towel, so Jack lent me one of his.

# Source: ST §I Can Pay Cash for the Gas, or I Can Charge It
$GRAMMAR Or — Expressing a Choice
ID: l2-s28
INTRO: And now "or": it links two choices.

We use the conjunction **or** to express a choice.

| | | |
|---|---|---|
| We can charge the gas. | | We can pay cash for it. |
| We can charge the gas, | **or** | we can pay cash for it. |

# Source: ST §Use "Or"
$PRODUCE Practice: Use Or
ID: l2-s29
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
SHOW_PROMPT
INTRO: Combine each pair of sentences aloud with "or". Two sentences in, one choice out.
INSTRUCTION: Combine the two sentences aloud. Use "or" to express a choice.

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: We can go now. We can leave later.
RESPONSE: We can go now, or we can leave later.

PROMPT: We can listen to a tape. I can turn on the radio.
RESPONSE: We can listen to a tape, or I can turn on the radio.

PROMPT: We can live in the barracks. We can rent an apartment.
RESPONSE: We can live in the barracks, or we can rent an apartment.

PROMPT: You may take the test Friday. You may wait until Monday.
RESPONSE: You may take the test Friday, or you may wait until Monday.

PROMPT: Can you answer the telephone? Do you want me to do it?
RESPONSE: Can you answer the telephone, or do you want me to do it?

PROMPT: Do you have to leave today? Can you wait until tomorrow?
RESPONSE: Do you have to leave today, or can you wait until tomorrow?

PROMPT: Could you lend me two dollars? Should I ask someone else?
RESPONSE: Could you lend me two dollars, or should I ask someone else?

PROMPT: The children can stay with Aunt Kate. They can come with us.
RESPONSE: The children can stay with Aunt Kate, or they can come with us.

PROMPT: Does Jan still want to study math in college? Has she changed her mind?
RESPONSE: Does Jan still want to study math in college, or has she changed her mind?

# Source: ST §I'll Watch TV, or I'll Read a Book
$PRODUCE Ask and Answer With Or
ID: l2-s30
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
INTRO: Read each exchange and use the cues in parentheses to build the "or" sentence — sometimes it's the question, sometimes the answer. Say the whole thing aloud.
INSTRUCTION: Ask and answer questions in the dialog aloud. Use "or" and the cues.

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: Sam: What will you do this evening?
TEMPLATE: Pat: (read a book / watch TV)
RESPONSE: I'll read a book, or I'll watch TV.

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: Pat: (go to a movie / go shopping)
RESPONSE: Did you go to a movie, or did you go shopping?

TEMPLATE: Ted: How will you get to your next base?
TEMPLATE: Tod: (fly / drive with a friend)
RESPONSE: I'll fly, or I'll drive with a friend.

TEMPLATE: John: (accept university's offer / refuse it)?
TEMPLATE: Mike: I'll accept it.
RESPONSE: Will you accept the university's offer, or will you refuse it?

TEMPLATE: Lucy: What will Donna do when she finishes high school?
TEMPLATE: Mary: (go to college / get a job)
RESPONSE: She'll go to college, or she'll get a job.

TEMPLATE: Al: (have car trouble / sleep late)?
TEMPLATE: Ed: I had car trouble.
RESPONSE: Did you have car trouble, or did you sleep late?

TEMPLATE: Dan: Where can the students get that book?
TEMPLATE: Jan: (borrow from the library / buy at a store)
RESPONSE: They can borrow it from the library, or they can buy it at a store.

TEMPLATE: Carl: How can I apologize to Mr. Williams?
TEMPLATE: Mark: (call / write a letter)
RESPONSE: You can call, or you can write a letter.

TEMPLATE: Harry: (want to get married / plan to stay single)?
TEMPLATE: Larry: I plan to stay single for a few years.
RESPONSE: Do you want to get married, or do you plan to stay single?

TEMPLATE: Kim: If Al doesn't have any cash, how can he pay for his meal?
TEMPLATE: Lou: (charge it / write a check)
RESPONSE: He can charge it, or he can write a check.

TEMPLATE: Wendy: What should I do with this flat tire?
TEMPLATE: Cindy: (repair it / replace it)
RESPONSE: You can repair it, or you can replace it.

TEMPLATE: Ken: (should write with a pen / can use pencil)?
TEMPLATE: Ben: You should write with a pen.
RESPONSE: Should I write with a pen, or can I use a pencil?

# Source: LLA 2B Figure 3
$SELECT Match the Sentence Endings
ID: l2b-f3
INTRO: Listen to the first half of a sentence, then tap the ending that completes it best. Then repeat the whole sentence.
INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct ending.
REPEAT

OPTION: a | so we didn't go to the lake.
OPTION: b | or he can retire.
OPTION: c | so his mother picked him up.
OPTION: d | or do you need to think it over?
OPTION: e | or he can take the bus.
OPTION: f | so she'll have to take a lot of medical courses.
OPTION: g | or she can stay in a motel.
OPTION: h | so he'll take courses in the field of education.

PROMPT: The baby was crying. {bk12-l2b-f3-01.mp3}
ANSWER: c
FEEDBACK: The baby was crying, so his mother picked him up. {bk12-l2b-f3-01-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Fred can ride with me. {bk12-l2b-f3-02.mp3}
ANSWER: e
FEEDBACK: Fred can ride with me, or he can take the bus.

PROMPT: Sergeant Richards can work 3 more years. {bk12-l2b-f3-03.mp3}
ANSWER: b
FEEDBACK: Sergeant Richards can work 3 more years, or he can retire. {bk12-l2b-f3-03-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Joanne wants to be a doctor. {bk12-l2b-f3-04.mp3}
ANSWER: f
FEEDBACK: Joanne wants to be a doctor, so she'll have to take a lot of medical courses. {bk12-l2b-f3-04-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Can you accept my offer? {bk12-l2b-f3-05.mp3}
ANSWER: d
FEEDBACK: Can you accept my offer, or do you need to think it over? {bk12-l2b-f3-05-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Bob chose teaching as a career. {bk12-l2b-f3-06.mp3}
ANSWER: h
FEEDBACK: Bob chose teaching as a career, so he'll take courses in the field of education. {bk12-l2b-f3-06-a.mp3}

PROMPT: It was raining very hard. {bk12-l2b-f3-07.mp3}
ANSWER: a
FEEDBACK: It was raining very hard, so we didn't go to the lake.

PROMPT: Julie can stay with her sister. {bk12-l2b-f3-08.mp3}
ANSWER: g
FEEDBACK: Julie can stay with her sister, or she can stay in a motel. {bk12-l2b-f3-08-a.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2C Figure 3
$SELECT Or or So?
ID: 2c-f3
INTRO: Listen to two sentences and decide how to join them: "or" for a choice, "so" for a result. Then repeat the combined sentence.
INSTRUCTION: Tap OR or SO.
REPEAT
OPTION: o | or
OPTION: s | so

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: Larry can drive all night. He can stay in a hotel. {bk12-l2c-f3-ex-q.mp3}
ANSWER: o
FEEDBACK: Larry can drive all night, or he can stay in a hotel. {bk12-l2c-f3-ex-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Jim woke up late. He arrived at work late. {bk12-l2c-f3-01-q.mp3}
ANSWER: s
FEEDBACK: Jim woke up late, so he arrived at work late.

PROMPT: Peter will not be here on Friday. He can't go to Tom's party. {bk12-l2c-f3-02-q.mp3}
ANSWER: s
FEEDBACK: Peter will not be here on Friday, so he can't go to Tom's party. {bk12-l2c-f3-02-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Alan can eat with us. He can eat with the Moors. {bk12-l2c-f3-03-q.mp3}
ANSWER: o
FEEDBACK: Alan can eat with us, or he can eat with the Moors. {bk12-l2c-f3-03-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Charlie borrowed $400. He can buy a plane ticket for his vacation. {bk12-l2c-f3-04-q.mp3}
ANSWER: s
FEEDBACK: Charlie borrowed $400, so he can buy a plane ticket for his vacation. {bk12-l2c-f3-04-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Captain Richards made a 95 on his quiz. He was very happy. {bk12-l2c-f3-05-q.mp3}
ANSWER: s
FEEDBACK: Captain Richards made a 95 on his quiz, so he was very happy. {bk12-l2c-f3-05-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Frank can work late tonight. He can come to work early tomorrow. {bk12-l2c-f3-06-q.mp3}
ANSWER: o
FEEDBACK: Frank can work late tonight, or he can come to work early tomorrow. {bk12-l2c-f3-06-a.mp3}

PROMPT: George can help his dad with the yard. He can stay home Saturday night. {bk12-l2c-f3-07-q.mp3}
ANSWER: o
FEEDBACK: George can help his dad with the yard, or he can stay home Saturday night. {bk12-l2c-f3-07-a.mp3}

PROMPT: You can use the stairs. You can use the escalator. {bk12-l2c-f3-08-q.mp3}
ANSWER: o
FEEDBACK: You can use the stairs, or you can use the escalator. {bk12-l2c-f3-08-a.mp3}

# Source: ST §Combine With So or Or
$PRODUCE Combine With So or Or
ID: l2-s31
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
SHOW_PROMPT
INTRO: Combine each pair aloud with "so" or "or" — this time nobody tells you which; the meaning decides.
INSTRUCTION: Combine these two sentences aloud. Use "or" or "so".

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: We didn't like the movie. We left early.
RESPONSE: We didn't like the movie, so we left early.

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: The children can watch TV. They can go to a movie.
RESPONSE: The children can watch TV, or they can go to a movie.

PROMPT: We can go out tonight. We can stay home.
RESPONSE: We can go out tonight, or we can stay home.

PROMPT: Albert didn't feel well. He didn't come to work today.
RESPONSE: Albert didn't feel well, so he didn't come to work today.

PROMPT: The other driver can slow down. He can speed up.
RESPONSE: The other driver can slow down, or he can speed up.

PROMPT: Alan wants to be an airplane mechanic. He's going to a technical school.
RESPONSE: Alan wants to be an airplane mechanic, so he's going to a technical school.

PROMPT: Alice doesn't want to live in Houston. She's turning down the job offer.
RESPONSE: Alice doesn't want to live in Houston, so she's turning down the job offer.

PROMPT: The students can rent a car. They can borrow one.
RESPONSE: The students can rent a car, or they can borrow one.

PROMPT: The store manager can refund your money. He can credit your account.
RESPONSE: The store manager can refund your money, or he can credit your account.

PROMPT: Alicia's only in the fifth grade. She isn't worried about her future yet.
RESPONSE: Alicia's only in the fifth grade, so she isn't worried about her future yet.

PROMPT: Adam has decided to retire. This is his last tour of duty.
RESPONSE: Adam has decided to retire, so this is his last tour of duty.

PROMPT: You can return the dress to the store. You can exchange it for another one.
RESPONSE: You can return the dress to the store, or you can exchange it for another one.

# Source: ST §Ted's Feeling Better
$PRODUCE Type the Combined Sentence
ID: l2-s32
INPUT: type
CHECK: exact
NORMALIZE: strict
INTRO: Now type the combined sentences, using the conjunction in parentheses — "and" and "but" join the party here. Punctuation counts, comma and all.
INSTRUCTION: Type the combined sentence. Use the conjunction in parentheses.

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: Susan retired at age 62. Her husband kept working. (but)
RESPONSE: Susan retired at age 62, but her husband kept working.

TEMPLATE: Tom refused to go to the party. His wife did, too. (and)
RESPONSE: Tom refused to go to the party, and his wife did, too.

TEMPLATE: He didn't get the job. He cannot pay the rent. (so)
RESPONSE: He didn't get the job, so he cannot pay the rent.

TEMPLATE: It's raining today. I will take my umbrella. (so)
RESPONSE: It's raining today, so I will take my umbrella.

TEMPLATE: Will you go to college? Will you get a job? (or)
RESPONSE: Will you go to college, or will you get a job?

TEMPLATE: Alex went to college. Mary didn't. (but)
RESPONSE: Alex went to college, but Mary didn't.

TEMPLATE: Tom wanted to be a doctor. He didn't want to go to college. (but)
RESPONSE: Tom wanted to be a doctor, but he didn't want to go to college.

TEMPLATE: Tom learned English at the university. His future looks good. (and)
RESPONSE: Tom learned English at the university, and his future looks good.

TEMPLATE: Did Alex select a career in mechanics? Did he select a career in the military? (or)
RESPONSE: Did Alex select a career in mechanics, or did he select a career in the military?

$SESSION 2-6: The Present Perfect

# Source: LLA 2C Figure 1
$DIALOGUE Present Perfect Sentences
ID: 2c-f1
INTRO: This part practices the present perfect — "have" or "has" plus a past participle — together with "already", "yet", "still", and "ever". Listen to the sentences and repeat them.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
REPEAT

LINE: Cheryl hasn't eaten lunch yet. {bk12-l2c-f1-01.mp3}
LINE: Has Ed ever been to Los Angeles? {bk12-l2c-f1-02.mp3}
LINE: Lieutenant Martin has gone to Germany. {bk12-l2c-f1-03.mp3}
LINE: I haven't seen the new secretary yet. {bk12-l2c-f1-04.mp3}
LINE: Mr. Rogers hasn't answered all the questions. {bk12-l2c-f1-05.mp3}
LINE: Mr. Smith has already borrowed too much money. {bk12-l2c-f1-06.mp3}
LINE: Has Jerome cleaned his room yet? {bk12-l2c-f1-07.mp3}
LINE: Robert still hasn't fixed this door. {bk12-l2c-f1-08.mp3}

# Source: ST §Present Perfect: Indefinite Past
$GRAMMAR The Present Perfect: Indefinite Past
ID: l2-s20
INTRO: Here are the present perfect forms at work in short exchanges. Read them over before the drills — the participles are the tricky part.

**Present Perfect Tense** (have/has + past participle)

> Doug: **Have** you ever **been** to France?
> Dave: No, I **never have**. **Have** you?

> Rick: Don't hang up! I **haven't talked** to Tom yet.
> Jack: Too late. He's **already hung up**.

> Mike: **Has** Tony **chosen** a university yet?
> Cory: No, he **hasn't decided** anything about his future.

> Carl: How much money **have** you **spent** today?
> Nick: Not much. I've only **bought** a magazine.

> Greg: **Have** you **lent** Aldo any money today?
> Fred: Yes, I **have**. He's **already borrowed** $5.00 from me.

# Source: LLA 2C Figure 2
$PRODUCE Answer With Already and Yet
ID: 2c-f2
INPUT: type
CHECK: exact
INTRO: Listen to each question, then type the answer using the cue on the screen — "yes" answers take "already", "no" answers take "yet". Then repeat the correct answer.
INSTRUCTION: Type the answer using the cue.
REPEAT

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: (yes, already)
PROMPT: Have you finished your homework yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-ex1-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, I've already finished it. {bk12-l2c-f2-ex1-a.mp3}
ACCEPT: Yes, I have already finished it.

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: (no, yet)
PROMPT: Have you finished your homework yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-ex2-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, I haven't finished it yet. {bk12-l2c-f2-ex2-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: (yes, already)
PROMPT: Has Janet graduated from college yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-01a-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, she has already graduated. {bk12-l2c-f2-01a-a.mp3}
ACCEPT: Yes, she's already graduated.

TEMPLATE: (no, yet)
PROMPT: Has Janet graduated from college yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-01b-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, she hasn't graduated yet. {bk12-l2c-f2-01b-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: (yes, already)
PROMPT: Have you seen Mike's daughter yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-02a-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, I've already seen her. {bk12-l2c-f2-02a-a.mp3}
ACCEPT: Yes, I have already seen her.

TEMPLATE: (no, yet)
PROMPT: Have you seen Mike's daughter yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-02b-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, I haven't seen her yet. {bk12-l2c-f2-02b-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: (yes, already)
PROMPT: Has your son learned Spanish yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-03a-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, he has already learned Spanish. {bk12-l2c-f2-03a-a.mp3}
ACCEPT: Yes, he's already learned Spanish.

TEMPLATE: (no, yet)
PROMPT: Has your son learned Spanish yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-03b-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, he hasn't learned Spanish yet. {bk12-l2c-f2-03b-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: (yes, already)
PROMPT: Have the Johnsons realized that they are rich yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-04a-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, they have already realized it. {bk12-l2c-f2-04a-a.mp3}
ACCEPT: Yes, they've already realized it.

TEMPLATE: (no, yet)
PROMPT: Have the Johnsons realized that they are rich yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-04b-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, they haven't realized it yet. {bk12-l2c-f2-04b-a.mp3}

TEMPLATE: (yes, already)
PROMPT: Has Henry picked up the laundry yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-05a-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: Yes, he's already picked it up. {bk12-l2c-f2-05a-a.mp3}
ACCEPT: Yes, he has already picked it up.

TEMPLATE: (no, yet)
PROMPT: Has Henry picked up the laundry yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-05b-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: No, he hasn't picked it up yet. {bk12-l2c-f2-05b-a.mp3}

# Source: ST §Marsha Has Forgiven John
$PRODUCE Complete With the Present Perfect
ID: l2-s21
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
SHOW_PROMPT
INTRO: Hear one sentence in the simple past, then complete the reply aloud using the emphasized verb in the present perfect. Check the model after each one.
INSTRUCTION: Complete the dialog aloud. Use the emphasized verb in the present perfect.

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: Arthur *called* me yesterday.
RESPONSE: He still has not called me.

PROMPT: Several people *came* early.
RESPONSE: Louis has not come yet.

PROMPT: Roger *got* three letters today.
RESPONSE: He has gotten almost a dozen letters this week.

PROMPT: Albert *took* his medicine this morning.
RESPONSE: He has taken it regularly.

PROMPT: The students *read* the first story quickly.
RESPONSE: Some of them have already read the book.

PROMPT: John apologized, so Marsha should *forgive* him.
RESPONSE: She has already forgiven him for his mistake.

PROMPT: Thelma didn't *mean* to hurt Amy's feelings.
RESPONSE: She has never meant to hurt anyone's feelings.

# Source: ST §Tony Has Made a List
$PRODUCE Tony's List: Already or Not Yet
ID: l2-s22
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
INTRO: Tony is getting ready for a trip to Miami, and his to-do list is only half done. A checkmark means he did it. For each item, say a sentence: he has already done it, or he hasn't done it yet.
INSTRUCTION: A checkmark (✓) means Tony did it. Make a sentence about something he has already done or has not done yet.

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: buy film
RESPONSE: Tony hasn't bought film yet.

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: borrow camera ✓
RESPONSE: He has already borrowed a camera.

TEMPLATE: get traveler's checks
RESPONSE: He hasn't gotten traveler's checks yet.

TEMPLATE: find map of Miami
RESPONSE: He hasn't found a map of Miami yet.

TEMPLATE: call travel agent ✓
RESPONSE: He has already called a travel agent.

TEMPLATE: pick up airline tickets
RESPONSE: He hasn't picked up the airline tickets yet.

TEMPLATE: make hotel reservation ✓
RESPONSE: He has already made a hotel reservation.

TEMPLATE: send shirts to laundry
RESPONSE: He hasn't sent his shirts to the laundry yet.

TEMPLATE: mail hotel room deposit ✓
RESPONSE: He has already mailed the hotel room deposit.

TEMPLATE: pack suitcase
RESPONSE: He hasn't packed his suitcase yet.

# Source: ST §Have You Ever Gotten a Traffic Ticket?
$PRODUCE Have You Ever...?
ID: l2-s23
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
RUBRIC: The learner must form a present perfect question using the cue (e.g. "Have you ever played soccer?") and give a matching short answer ("Yes, I have" or "No, I haven't").
INTRO: Now about you. Build a "Have you ever...?" question from each cue, then answer it honestly — yes or no, your call, your secrets.
INSTRUCTION: Ask a present perfect question from the cue, then answer it for yourself (yes or no).

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: play / baseball
RESPONSE: Have you ever played baseball? Yes, I have.

TEMPLATE: go / beach
RESPONSE: Have you ever gone to the beach? Yes, I have.

TEMPLATE: play / soccer
RESPONSE: Have you ever played soccer? No, I haven't.

TEMPLATE: meet / general
RESPONSE: Have you ever met a general? No, I haven't.

TEMPLATE: fly / airplane
RESPONSE: Have you ever flown in an airplane? Yes, I have.

TEMPLATE: visit / New York City
RESPONSE: Have you ever visited New York City? No, I haven't.

TEMPLATE: have / automobile accident
RESPONSE: Have you ever had an automobile accident? No, I haven't.

TEMPLATE: forget / something important
RESPONSE: Have you ever forgotten something important? Yes, I have.

# Source: ST §How Many Times Have You Eaten in the Mess Hall This Week?
$PRODUCE How Many... Have You...?
ID: l2-s24
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
RUBRIC: The learner must ask a present perfect question starting with "how many" using the cue words, and then provide a plausible answer in the present perfect.
INTRO: Same idea, with numbers: ask a "how many" question from the cue, then answer it about yourself in the present perfect. Round numbers are allowed.
INSTRUCTION: Ask a present perfect question with "how many" using the cue, then answer it.

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: letters / get (this week)
RESPONSE: How many letters have you gotten this week? I've gotten only one letter this week.

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: letters / write (today)
RESPONSE: How many letters have you written today? I haven't written any letters today.

TEMPLATE: meals / eat (today)
RESPONSE: How many meals have you eaten today? I've eaten two meals today.

TEMPLATE: miles / walk (this week)
RESPONSE: How many miles have you walked this week? I've walked three miles this week.

TEMPLATE: sodas / drink (today)
RESPONSE: How many sodas have you drunk today? I haven't drunk any sodas today.

TEMPLATE: tests / take (this week)
RESPONSE: How many tests have you taken this week? I've taken one test this week.

TEMPLATE: cigarettes / smoke (today)
RESPONSE: How many cigarettes have you smoked today? I haven't smoked any cigarettes today.

TEMPLATE: telephone calls / make (this week)
RESPONSE: How many telephone calls have you made this week? I've made five telephone calls this week.

TEMPLATE: cups of coffee / drink (today)
RESPONSE: How many cups of coffee have you drunk today? I've drunk two cups of coffee today.

TEMPLATE: pages of homework / do (this week)
RESPONSE: How many pages of homework have you done this week? I've done ten pages of homework this week.

# SKIPPED (book): Writing Skill "READ AND LISTEN. UNDERLINE AND NUMBER." — paragraph
# annotation task with instructor-read questions. Deferred/Skipped.

$SESSION 2-7: Career Conversations

# Source: LLA 2D Listening and Speaking Activity (vocabulary)
$DIALOGUE New Words: Careers and Courses
ID: 12-l2d-ls1
INTRO: In this part you'll talk your way through three conversations about careers, offers, and plans. First, the vocabulary: listen and repeat each word in a sentence.
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
REPEAT

VOCAB: career
LINE: Larry wants a career in the military. {bk12-l2d-f1-01-a.mp3}
LINE: He wants to work in the military for 20 years. {bk12-l2d-f1-01-b.mp3}

VOCAB: choice
LINE: Tom has a choice. He can be a lawyer, or he can be a teacher. {bk12-l2d-f1-02.mp3}

VOCAB: courses
LINE: Janet is going to take 5 courses next year. {bk12-l2d-f1-03-a.mp3}
LINE: She will have 5 classes. {bk12-l2d-f1-03-b.mp3}

VOCAB: professional
LINE: Pele was a professional soccer player. {bk12-l2d-f1-04-a.mp3}
LINE: He played for money. {bk12-l2d-f1-04-b.mp3}

VOCAB: medical
LINE: My brother is going to medical school. {bk12-l2d-f1-05-a.mp3}
LINE: He's going to be a doctor. {bk12-l2d-f1-05-b.mp3}

LINE: Harold graduated from the university last month. {bk12-l2d-f1-06-a.mp3}
VOCAB: degree
LINE: He got his degree in history. {bk12-l2d-f1-06-b.mp3}

VOCAB: high school
LINE: John will be 18 years old when he finishes his last year of high school. {bk12-l2d-f1-07.mp3}

VOCAB: technical
LINE: Roger finished technical school. {bk12-l2d-f1-08-a.mp3}
LINE: He learned how to fix cars. {bk12-l2d-f1-08-b.mp3}

LINE: Her husband wants to buy a new car. {bk12-l2d-f1-09-a.mp3}
VOCAB: talk over
LINE: They're going to talk it over tonight. {bk12-l2d-f1-09-b.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2D Listening and Speaking Activity (questions)
$PRODUCE Questions About the New Words
ID: 12-l2d-ls2
REFERENCE
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
INTRO: Now answer questions about the sentences you just heard. Say your answer aloud, then repeat the correct one.
INSTRUCTION: Answer the question aloud.
REPEAT

PROMPT: What does Larry want? {bk12-l2d-f1-10-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: He wants a career in the military. {bk12-l2d-f1-10-a.mp3}

PROMPT: What does Tom have? {bk12-l2d-f1-11-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: He has a choice. {bk12-l2d-f1-11-a.mp3}

PROMPT: What is Janet going to take next year? {bk12-l2d-f1-12-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: She's going to take 5 courses. {bk12-l2d-f1-12-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Who was Pele? {bk12-l2d-f1-13-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: He was a professional soccer player. {bk12-l2d-f1-13-a.mp3}

PROMPT: What is your brother doing? {bk12-l2d-f1-14-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: He's going to medical school. {bk12-l2d-f1-14-a.mp3}

PROMPT: What did Harold get his degree in? {bk12-l2d-f1-15-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: He got his degree in history. {bk12-l2d-f1-15-a.mp3}

PROMPT: How old will John be when he finishes high school? {bk12-l2d-f1-16-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: He'll be 18 when he finishes high school. {bk12-l2d-f1-16-a.mp3}

PROMPT: What did Roger learn in technical school? {bk12-l2d-f1-17-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: He learned how to fix cars. {bk12-l2d-f1-17-a.mp3}

PROMPT: Is her husband going to buy a new car? {bk12-l2d-f1-18-q.mp3}
RESPONSE: They're going to talk it over tonight. {bk12-l2d-f1-18-a.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2D Dialog 1
$DIALOGUE Dialogue: Friday Is Our Last Day
ID: 12-l2d-d1
INTRO: School is ending, and Jack already has plans — a decision-maker after Mark's own heart. Listen to Jack and Don.
INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.

Jack: Well, Don, Friday is our last day. {bk12-l2d-f1-19.mp3}
Don: Yeah, Jack, it is. What are you going to do now that school is out? {bk12-l2d-f1-20.mp3}
Jack: I've been accepted at the university. I'll start there in September. {bk12-l2d-f1-21.mp3}
Don: What courses will you take? {bk12-l2d-f1-22.mp3}
Jack: I have chosen business as my career field, so I'll take the courses they offer for that field. {bk12-l2d-f1-23.mp3}
Don: It sounds like you have a good future ahead of you. {bk12-l2d-f1-24.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2D Figure 1
$PRODUCE Role-play: You Are Don
ID: 12-l2d-f1
REFERENCE
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
INTRO: Now practice it. You are Don: read his lines aloud when it's your turn.
INSTRUCTION: Read your lines of the dialog.

PROMPT: Well, Don, Friday is our last day. {bk12-l2d-f1-25.mp3}
TEMPLATE: Yeah, Jack, it is. What are you going to do now that school is out?
RESPONSE: Yeah, Jack, it is. What are you going to do now that school is out? {bk12-l2d-f1-26.mp3}

PROMPT: I've been accepted at the university. I'll start there in September. {bk12-l2d-f1-27.mp3}
TEMPLATE: What courses will you take?
RESPONSE: What courses will you take? {bk12-l2d-f1-28.mp3}

PROMPT: I have chosen business as my career field, so I'll take the courses they offer for that field. {bk12-l2d-f1-29.mp3}
TEMPLATE: It sounds like you have a good future ahead of you.
RESPONSE: It sounds like you have a good future ahead of you. {bk12-l2d-f1-30.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2D Figure 2
$PRODUCE Role-play: You Are Jack (Last Day)
ID: 12-l2d-f2
REFERENCE
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
INTRO: Once more, as Jack this time — and you begin.
INSTRUCTION: Read your lines of the dialog.

TEMPLATE: Well, Don, Friday is our last day.
RESPONSE: Well, Don, Friday is our last day. {bk12-l2d-f2-01.mp3}

PROMPT: Yeah, Jack, it is. What are you going to do now that school is out? {bk12-l2d-f2-02.mp3}
TEMPLATE: I've been accepted at the University. I'll start there in September.
RESPONSE: I've been accepted at the university. I'll start there in September. {bk12-l2d-f2-03.mp3}

PROMPT: What courses will you take? {bk12-l2d-f2-04.mp3}
TEMPLATE: I have chosen business as my career field, so I'll take the courses they offer for that field.
RESPONSE: I have chosen business as my career field, so I'll take the courses they offer for that field. {bk12-l2d-f2-05.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2D Dialog 2
$DIALOGUE Dialogue: A Job Offer
ID: 12-l2d-d2
INTRO: A son gets a job offer, and his mother is standing by with advice — as mothers do. Listen.
INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.

Son: Mom, I got a job offer from the phone company today. {bk12-l2d-f2-06.mp3}
Mom: Is it a good offer? {bk12-l2d-f2-07.mp3}
Son: I think so. It pays $75 more a month than the job I have now, and they will pay me for any college courses that help me with the job. {bk12-l2d-f2-08.mp3}
Mom: It sounds good. {bk12-l2d-f2-09.mp3}
Son: Well, I'll think it over. They don't need an answer until Wednesday. {bk12-l2d-f2-10.mp3}
Mom: Just remember, I'm here if you want to discuss it. {bk12-l2d-f2-11.mp3}
Son: Thanks, Mom. {bk12-l2d-f2-12.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2D Figure 3
$PRODUCE Role-play: You Are Mom
ID: 12-l2d-f3
REFERENCE
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
INTRO: Now you are the mother. Read her lines aloud when it's your turn.
INSTRUCTION: Read your lines of the dialog.

PROMPT: Mom, I got a job offer from the phone company today. {bk12-l2d-f3-01.mp3}
TEMPLATE: Is it a good job?
RESPONSE: Is it a good offer? {bk12-l2d-f3-02.mp3}

PROMPT: I think so. It pays $75 more a month than the job I have now, and they will pay for any college courses that help me with the job. {bk12-l2d-f3-03.mp3}
TEMPLATE: It sounds good.
RESPONSE: It sounds good. {bk12-l2d-f3-04.mp3}

PROMPT: Well, I'll think it over. They don't need an answer until Wednesday. {bk12-l2d-f3-05.mp3}
TEMPLATE: Just remember, I'm here if you want to discuss it.
RESPONSE: Just remember, I'm here if you want to discuss it. {bk12-l2d-f3-06.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2D Figure 4
$PRODUCE Role-play: You Are the Son
ID: 12-l2d-f4
REFERENCE
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
INTRO: Now you are the son — you begin, good news first.
INSTRUCTION: Read your lines of the dialog.

TEMPLATE: Mom, I got a job offer from the phone company today.
RESPONSE: Mom, I got a job offer from the phone company today. {bk12-l2d-f2-06.mp3}

PROMPT: Is it a good offer? {bk12-l2d-f4-02.mp3}
TEMPLATE: I think so. It pays seventy-five dollars more a month than the job I have now. And they will pay for any college courses that help me with the job.
RESPONSE: I think so. It pays $75 more a month than the job I have now, and they will pay me for any college courses that help me with the job. {bk12-l2d-f2-08.mp3}

PROMPT: It sounds good. {bk12-l2d-f4-04.mp3}
TEMPLATE: Well, I'll think it over. They don't need an answer until Wednesday.
RESPONSE: Well, I'll think it over. They don't need an answer until Wednesday. {bk12-l2d-f2-10.mp3}

PROMPT: Just remember, I'm here if you want to discuss it. {bk12-l2d-f4-06.mp3}
TEMPLATE: Thanks, Mom.
RESPONSE: Thanks, Mom. {bk12-l2d-f2-12.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2D Dialog 3
$DIALOGUE Dialogue: Tony's New Car
ID: 12-l2d-d3
INTRO: Tony's old car has become a six-hundred-dollar problem, which makes some decisions easier. Listen to Glenn and Tony.
INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.

Glenn: Hey Tony, you really need a new car. {bk12-l2d-f4-08.mp3}
Tony: I know, Glenn. Last night when the mechanic told me that I needed $600 to fix it, I decided to buy a new car. {bk12-l2d-f4-09.mp3}
Glenn: What kind are you going to buy? {bk12-l2d-f4-10.mp3}
Tony: I've decided to buy an American car. They're easier for mechanics to repair. {bk12-l2d-f4-11.mp3}
Glenn: Bring it to my house when you get it. I want to ride in it. {bk12-l2d-f4-12.mp3}
Tony: Okay, Glenn. See you in about 2 weeks. {bk12-l2d-f4-13.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2D Figure 5
$PRODUCE Role-play: You Are Tony
ID: 12-l2d-f5
REFERENCE
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
INTRO: Now you are Tony. Read his lines aloud when it's your turn.
INSTRUCTION: Read your lines of the dialog.

PROMPT: Hey Tony, you really need a new car. {bk12-l2d-f5-01.mp3}
TEMPLATE: I know, Glen. Last night when the mechanic told me that I needed six hundred dollars to fix it, I decided to buy a new car.
RESPONSE: I know, Glenn. Last night when the mechanic told me that I needed $600 to fix it, I decided to buy a new car. {bk12-l2d-f5-02.mp3}

PROMPT: What kind are you going to buy? {bk12-l2d-f5-03.mp3}
TEMPLATE: I've decided to buy an American car. They're easier for mechanics to repair.
RESPONSE: I've decided to buy an American car. They're easier for mechanics to repair. {bk12-l2d-f5-04.mp3}

PROMPT: Bring it to my house when you get it. I want to ride in it. {bk12-l2d-f5-05.mp3}
TEMPLATE: Okay, Glen. See you in about two weeks.
RESPONSE: Okay, Glenn. See you in about 2 weeks. {bk12-l2d-f5-06.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2D Figure 6
$PRODUCE Role-play: You Are Glenn
ID: 12-l2d-f6
REFERENCE
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
INTRO: And finally, be Glenn — you begin.
INSTRUCTION: Read your lines of the dialog.

TEMPLATE: Hey, Tony, you really need a new car.
RESPONSE: Hey Tony, you really need a new car. {bk12-l2d-f6-01.mp3}

PROMPT: I know, Glenn. Last night when the mechanic told me that I needed $600 to fix it, I decided to buy a new car. {bk12-l2d-f6-02.mp3}
TEMPLATE: What kind are you going to buy?
RESPONSE: What kind are you going to buy? {bk12-l2d-f6-03.mp3}

PROMPT: I've decided to buy an American car. They're easier for mechanics to repair. {bk12-l2d-f6-04.mp3}
TEMPLATE: Bring it to my house when you get it. I want a ride in it.
RESPONSE: Bring it to my house when you get it. I want to ride in it. {bk12-l2d-f6-05.mp3}

# SKIPPED (book): Figure 7 (Passage Annotation) — Questions are on the tape only.

$SESSION 2-8: Decisions, Listening, and Dictation

# Source: ST §Why Did You Do That?
$DIALOGUE Dialogue: Why Did You Do That?
ID: l2-s33
INTRO: Last part — everything together: decisions, time words, and some real listening. First, Tim has decided about his job offers, and Joe has questions. Read and repeat.
INSTRUCTION: Repeat and read the dialog.
REPEAT

Joe: What did you decide to do about the job offers?
Tim: I've decided to take the one in Denver.

Joe: Instead of the one in Dallas? Why did you do that?
Tim: The pay is good, and I can take some courses there.

Joe: When do you plan to leave?
Tim: Sometime next month.

Joe: How are you going to get there? By plane?
Tim: No, I'm going to take my car instead.

Joe: Where are you going to live in Denver?
Tim: I haven't made up my mind yet.

# Source: ST §What Did You Decide?
$DIALOGUE Questions About Decisions
ID: l2-s34
INTRO: These are the questions people ask when someone's deciding. Repeat each one — you'll want them ready for the next activity.
INSTRUCTION: Repeat and read these questions about decisions.
REPEAT

LINE: What did you decide?
LINE: What are you going to do?
LINE: What have you decided to do?
LINE: Have you made up your mind?
LINE: Have you made a decision?
LINE: Have you changed your mind?
LINE: Where have you decided to go?
LINE: Which offer are you going to accept?
LINE: Did you decide to do it?
LINE: Did you decide not to do it?
LINE: When are you going to do it?
LINE: Why did you make that choice?

# Source: ST §Have You Made Up Your Mind?
$PRODUCE Ask About a Decision
ID: l2-s35
INPUT: speak
CHECK: llm
SHOW_PROMPT
RUBRIC: The learner must ask a grammatically correct question about the decision relevant to the prompted situation.
INTRO: Read each situation, then ask your friend a question about the decision. Any well-formed question about the choice counts — nosiness is the exercise.
INSTRUCTION: Read the information, and then ask a question about the decision aloud.

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: Your friend is trying to select a college.
RESPONSE: Have you made up your mind about a college?

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: Your sister is trying to choose a car.
RESPONSE: Which car did you decide to buy?

PROMPT: Your friend lives on base. He wants to move off base, so he is looking for an apartment.
RESPONSE: Have you decided on an apartment?

PROMPT: Your friend has talked to you about his vacation. He has been thinking about two different places.
RESPONSE: Which place have you decided to go to for your vacation?

PROMPT: Your friend will be graduating from high school soon. She wants to be a mechanic. She is thinking about two different technical schools.
RESPONSE: Have you made up your mind about which technical school to go to?

PROMPT: Your friend has just received a job offer from a large department store. You want to know what she will decide.
RESPONSE: Have you decided to accept the job offer?

# Source: ST §I've Decided to Take the Job
$DIALOGUE Announcing a Decision
ID: l2-s36
INTRO: And these are the sentences people say once they've finally decided. Repeat each one.
INSTRUCTION: Repeat and read these sentences about decisions.
REPEAT

LINE: I've decided to take the job.
LINE: I finally made up my mind. I'm going to refuse the offer.
LINE: I've changed my mind. I'm not going to buy a car.
LINE: I've made a decision. I'm going to finish my education.
LINE: I've made up my mind. I'm going to go to the university.
LINE: I've made a choice between courses. I'm going to take German instead of French.
LINE: I've thought it over carefully. I'm not going to take German. I'm going to take French instead.
LINE: I've made a decision. I'm going to turn down the offer.

# SKIPPED (book): WHAT ARE YOU GOING TO DO? Listen to the question. Then answer the question as completely as you can. — instructor-read open questions. Dropped.

# Source: ST §I've Made My Decision
$PRODUCE Interview: I've Made My Decision
ID: l2-s37
INPUT: speak
CHECK: reveal
INTRO: Read each decision chart, then act out the whole interview aloud: ask the questions and give the answers. Then compare with the model — yours doesn't have to match word for word.
INSTRUCTION: Read the chart aloud by asking and answering questions about the decision.

EXAMPLE
TEMPLATE: Al wants to know: Is Ed going to take a vacation? / when? / where? / who? / why? / how?
TEMPLATE: Ed has decided: He is going on a vacation. / the beach / with family / fly / in the winter / Florida
RESPONSE: Have you made a decision about a vacation? Yes, I've decided to take two weeks. Where did you decide to go? We're thinking of going to Florida. Is your family going with you? Yes, the kids want to go to the beach. When are you going? In the winter. Are you going to drive or fly? We'll fly down.

TEMPLATE: John wants to know: Is Paul going to rent a house or an apartment? / when? / where? / why? / how many?
TEMPLATE: Paul has decided: He is going to rent a house. / needs more rooms / near work / three bedrooms / next week
RESPONSE: Are you going to rent a house or an apartment? I am going to rent a house. When are you going to rent it? Next week. Where will it be? Near work. Why a house? Because I need more rooms. How many bedrooms? Three bedrooms.

TEMPLATE: Sam wants to know: Is Pat going to buy a new or a used car? / when? / where? / how much / why?
TEMPLATE: Pat has decided: He is going to buy a new car. / cheaper / this month / about $8,000 / in Houston
RESPONSE: Are you going to buy a new or a used car? I'm going to buy a new car. When are you buying it? This month. Where are you going to buy it? In Houston. How much will it cost? About $8,000. Why in Houston? Because it's cheaper.

TEMPLATE: Mark wants to know: Is Nick going to college? / when? / where? / why? / how?
TEMPLATE: Nick has decided: He's going to a university. / less expensive / fly / in the fall / state university
RESPONSE: Are you going to college? I'm going to a university. When are you going? In the fall. Where is it? It's a state university. Why are you going there? Because it's less expensive. How will you get there? I'll fly.

# SKIPPED (book): WHO? WHAT? WHEN? WHERE? WHY? HOW? Ask questions about a decision. Another student will answer the questions. (Open pair task). Dropped.

# Source: LLA 2D Figure 8
$SELECT How Do They Feel?
ID: 12-l2d-f8
INTRO: Listen to each short exchange and tap the word that best describes how the person feels. Nobody says the word — that's the point.
INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct feeling.

EXAMPLE
PROMPT: Did you hear that noise, Betty? — Yes, I did. Let's call our neighbor and ask him to look in our yard. {bk12-l2d-f8-ex.mp3}
OPTION: a | happy
OPTION: b | frightened
OPTION: c | sleepy
ANSWER: b
FEEDBACK: They are frightened. {bk12-l2d-f8-ex-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Sergeant Matthews, it's 12:45 and I haven't had lunch yet. — Don't worry, Sergeant Adams. I'll wait here until you come back. {bk12-l2d-f8-01.mp3}
OPTION: a | sick
OPTION: b | hungry
OPTION: c | excited
ANSWER: b
FEEDBACK: Sergeant Adams is hungry. {bk12-l2d-f8-01-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Mark, wake up. It's after 7. Your bus will be here in 30 minutes. — Mom, my stomach hurts. I want to stay home today. {bk12-l2d-f8-02.mp3}
OPTION: a | angry
OPTION: b | early
OPTION: c | sick
ANSWER: c
FEEDBACK: Mark is sick. {bk12-l2d-f8-02-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Carla! I've been accepted at the university. — That's great, Lori. {bk12-l2d-f8-03.mp3}
OPTION: a | happy
OPTION: b | upset
OPTION: c | sad
ANSWER: a
FEEDBACK: Lori is happy. {bk12-l2d-f8-03-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Private Walters, I told you to clean this floor. — I'm sorry, Sergeant Allen. I thought you said to clean this door. {bk12-l2d-f8-04.mp3}
OPTION: a | excited
OPTION: b | sad
OPTION: c | angry
ANSWER: c
FEEDBACK: Sergeant Allen is angry. {bk12-l2d-f8-04-fb.mp3}

PROMPT: Hey, Jack. Your yard really looks nice. — Thanks. It took me all day to do it. It was a lot of work. {bk12-l2d-f8-05.mp3}
OPTION: a | sick
OPTION: b | tired
OPTION: c | glad
ANSWER: b
FEEDBACK: Jack is tired. {bk12-l2d-f8-05-fb.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2D Figure 9
$PRODUCE What's the Main Idea?
ID: 12-l2d-f9
LONGFORM
INPUT: type
CHECK: llm
RUBRIC: The learner must write the main idea of the paragraph. Accept any answer that captures the idea that learning a new language is difficult but achievable with hard work and practice.
INTRO: Listen to the paragraph, then type its main idea in your own words. One sentence will do — that's what "main" means.
INSTRUCTION: Type the main idea of the paragraph.

PROMPT: Learning a language is not easy. It takes a lot of time and lots of hard work... {bk12-l2d-f9-01.mp3}
RESPONSE: The main idea is that learning a new language isn't easy, but if you study hard, you can do it. {bk12-l2d-f9-01-a.mp3}

# Source: LLA 2C Figure 4
$PRODUCE Dictation: Mark's Six Years in California
ID: 2c-f4
INPUT: type
CHECK: exact
NORMALIZE: strict
LONGFORM
INTRO: One last task: dictation. Type each sentence exactly as you hear it — spelling and punctuation count. Then you're done with Lesson 2: decision made, mind made up.
INSTRUCTION: Type the exact sentence.

PROMPT: Mark lived in California for 6 years. {bk12-l2c-f4-01.mp3}
RESPONSE: Mark lived in California for 6 years. {bk12-l2c-f4-01.mp3}
ACCEPT: Mark lived in California for six years.

PROMPT: The climate was wonderful. {bk12-l2c-f4-02.mp3}
RESPONSE: The climate was wonderful. {bk12-l2c-f4-02.mp3}

PROMPT: There was only a little humidity. {bk12-l2c-f4-03.mp3}
RESPONSE: There was only a little humidity. {bk12-l2c-f4-03.mp3}

PROMPT: There was a nice sea breeze, and the temperatures were always warm. {bk12-l2c-f4-04.mp3}
RESPONSE: There was a nice sea breeze, and the temperatures were always warm. {bk12-l2c-f4-04.mp3}

PROMPT: The beaches were full of people who were having a good time. {bk12-l2c-f4-05.mp3}
RESPONSE: The beaches were full of people who were having a good time. {bk12-l2c-f4-05.mp3}

PROMPT: He really enjoyed the 6 years he was there. {bk12-l2c-f4-06.mp3}
RESPONSE: He really enjoyed the 6 years he was there. {bk12-l2c-f4-06.mp3}
ACCEPT: He really enjoyed the six years he was there.