2167 lines
87 KiB
Plaintext
2167 lines
87 KiB
Plaintext
$MODULE Book 12 · Lesson 2: I've Made Up My Mind {st-page_043_001.jpg}
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FORMAT: 2
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DESCRIPTION: Education, careers, and decisions — plus already, still, yet, anymore, any longer, and no longer; the present perfect tense; and combining sentences with so and or.
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TARGET_LANG_G: en
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HOME_LANG_G: en
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VOICE_DEFAULT: aoede | Clear, friendly American English narrator
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VOICE_PROMPT: gacrux | Questions and cues, read clearly
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VOICE_RESPONSE: schedar | Model answers, warm and clear
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VOICE: Sam | achernar | Male student
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VOICE: Mark | schedar | Male student
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VOICE: Jack | achernar | Male speaker
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VOICE: Mike | schedar | Male speaker
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VOICE: Don | schedar | Male speaker
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VOICE: Son | achird | Male
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VOICE: Mom | gacrux | Female
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VOICE: Glen | achernar | Male
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VOICE: Tony | schedar | Male
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VOICE: Dan | achernar | Male speaker
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VOICE: Paula | aoede | Female speaker
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VOICE: Clerk | aoede | Female speaker
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VOICE: Maria | schedar | Female speaker
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VOICE: Steven | achernar | Male speaker
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VOICE: Waiter | achird | Male speaker
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VOICE: Tommy | achird | Young male speaker
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VOICE: Mother | aoede | Female speaker
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VOICE: Joe | achird | Male speaker
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VOICE: Tim | achernar | Male speaker
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VOICE: ID | achernar | speaker (auto)
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VOICE: Narrator | achird | speaker (auto)
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$LESSON 2-1: Education and College Decisions
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# Source: ST §Education in the U.S. (chart)
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$GRAMMAR Education in the U.S.
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ID: l2-s1
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INTRO: In this lesson you'll learn to talk about education, careers, and big decisions — and to say what you've already done, what you haven't done yet, and what you no longer do. First, here's how American schools fit together, from kindergarten all the way to a Ph.D.
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Here is the American school system at a glance:
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| SCHOOL | GRADES | DEGREE |
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|---|---|---|
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| Kindergarten | | |
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| Elementary | 1st-5th | |
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| Middle | 6th-8th | |
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| High | 9th-12th | diploma |
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**Technical School**
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May offer associate degrees, Electronics, Mechanics, Computers, etc.
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| College | |
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|---|---|
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| **time** | **degree** |
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| 2 yr | associate |
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| 4 yr | bachelor |
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| University | |
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|---|---|
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| **time** | **degree** |
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| 4-5 yr | bachelor |
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| 2-3 yr | master |
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| 3-8 yr | Ph.D. |
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(Medical School follows a bachelor degree.)
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# Source: ST §Education in the U.S. (sentences)
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# Source: ST §Education in the U.S. (sentences)
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$DIALOGUE Schools and Degrees
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ID: l2-s2
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INTRO: Now let's put those school words into sentences. Listen and repeat each one.
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INSTRUCTION: Repeat and read the words and sentences.
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REPEAT
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VOCAB: high school
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VOCAB: diploma
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LINE: Students who finish high school receive a high school diploma.
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VOCAB: technical school
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LINE: Students who want to study mechanics may go to a technical school.
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VOCAB: college
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VOCAB: offer
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VOCAB: degree
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LINE: A college offers two kinds of degrees.
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VOCAB: university
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VOCAB: field
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LINE: A university offers degrees in many fields.
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LINE: Medicine, business, and education are some fields you can study.
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VOCAB: medical school
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LINE: Students who want to become doctors go to medical school.
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# Source: ST §Choose the Best Answer
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# Source: ST §Choose the Best Answer
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$SELECT Check: Schools and Degrees
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ID: l2-s3
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REFERENCE
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INTRO: A quick check on the American school system. Tap the best answer — and if you're not sure, you can look back at the sentences.
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INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct answer.
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TEMPLATE: When do students receive a diploma?
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OPTION: a | when they begin school
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OPTION: b | at the end of middle school
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OPTION: c | at the end of high school
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ANSWER: c
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TEMPLATE: To become a doctor, a student has to go to ________.
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OPTION: a | technical school
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OPTION: b | medical school
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OPTION: c | bachelor's school
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ANSWER: b
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TEMPLATE: Which school offers more kinds of degrees?
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OPTION: a | a technical school
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OPTION: b | a college
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OPTION: c | a university
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ANSWER: c
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TEMPLATE: Which is a field you can study at a university?
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OPTION: a | medicine
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OPTION: b | profession
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OPTION: c | high school
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ANSWER: a
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TEMPLATE: To study mechanics, a person may go to a ________.
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OPTION: a | technical school
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OPTION: b | medical school
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OPTION: c | professional school
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ANSWER: a
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# Source: LLA 2A Listening/Speaking (Vocabulary)
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# Source: LLA 2A Listening/Speaking (Vocabulary)
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$DIALOGUE New Words: Decisions and Education
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ID: 2a-ls1
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INTRO: Here are this lesson's new words from the lab tape, each inside a sentence or two. Listen and repeat.
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INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat each word and sentence.
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REPEAT
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VOCAB: educate
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LINE: Teachers educate children. They teach them many things. {bk12-l2a-f1-01.mp3}
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VOCAB: turn down
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LINE: That job did not pay enough money. I turned it down. {bk12-l2a-f1-02.mp3}
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VOCAB: education
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LINE: Sergeant Franklin wants his children to have a good education. He wants them to go to a good school. {bk12-l2a-f1-03.mp3}
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VOCAB: university
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LINE: Keith studied French when he was at the university. {bk12-l2a-f1-04.mp3}
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VOCAB: diploma
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LINE: Debbie received her diploma yesterday. She finished school. {bk12-l2a-f1-05.mp3}
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VOCAB: already
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LINE: Roger is not hungry. He already ate dinner. {bk12-l2a-f1-06.mp3}
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VOCAB: instead
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LINE: I don't want chicken. I'll eat fish instead. {bk12-l2a-f1-07.mp3}
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VOCAB: instead of
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LINE: Jim bought the blue shirt instead of the yellow one. {bk12-l2a-f1-08.mp3}
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VOCAB: discussion
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LINE: Colonel Jones and Colonel Roberts had a discussion about the new mess hall. They talked about it for 30 minutes. {bk12-l2a-f1-09.mp3}
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VOCAB: discuss
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LINE: Captain Peterson wanted to discuss his score with his teacher. He wanted to talk to her about it. {bk12-l2a-f1-10.mp3}
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# Source: LLA 2A Figure 1 (dialogue)
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# Source: LLA 2A Figure 1 (dialogue)
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$DIALOGUE College Decisions
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ID: 2a-d1
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INTRO: Sam runs into Mark, who has a big decision to make about college — and it shows. Just listen.
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INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.
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Sam: Hi, Mark. What's wrong? {bk12-l2a-f1-d1.mp3}
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Mark: Oh, Sam, I'm so confused. {bk12-l2a-f1-d2.mp3}
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Sam: About what? {bk12-l2a-f1-d3.mp3}
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Mark: I've got to make a decision about college. My parents and I talked it over last night. Right now, I don't know if I want to go into a professional field or a technical field. {bk12-l2a-f1-d4.mp3}
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Sam: You don't have to make a choice today. You've got plenty of time to think it over. You're only in your second year of high school. {bk12-l2a-f1-d5.mp3}
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Mark: You're right. Maybe by next year it won't be so confusing. {bk12-l2a-f1-d6.mp3}
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# Source: LLA 2A Figure 1 (role-play, Mark)
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# Source: LLA 2A Figure 1 (role-play, Mark)
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$PRODUCE Play Mark's Part
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ID: 2a-f1
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INPUT: speak
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CHECK: reveal
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INTRO: Now it's your turn to be confused. You'll play Mark. Listen to Sam, then say Mark's line aloud.
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INSTRUCTION: Read Mark's lines aloud.
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PROMPT: Hi, Mark. What's wrong? {bk12-l2a-f1-11-q.mp3}
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TEMPLATE: Oh, Sam, I'm so confused.
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RESPONSE: Oh, Sam, I'm so confused. {bk12-l2a-f1-11-a.mp3}
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PROMPT: About what? {bk12-l2a-f1-12-q.mp3}
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TEMPLATE: I've got to make a decision about college. My parents and I talked it over last night. Right now, I don't know if I want to go into a professional field or a technical field.
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RESPONSE: I've got to make a decision about college. My parents and I talked it over last night. Right now, I don't know if I want to go into a professional field or a technical field. {bk12-l2a-f1-12-a.mp3}
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PROMPT: You don't have to make a choice today. You've got plenty of time to think it over. You're only in your second year of high school. {bk12-l2a-f1-13-q.mp3}
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TEMPLATE: You're right. Maybe by next year it won't be so confusing.
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RESPONSE: You're right. Maybe by next year it won't be so confusing. {bk12-l2a-f1-13-a.mp3}
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# Source: LLA 2A Figure 2 (role-play, Sam)
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# Source: LLA 2A Figure 2 (role-play, Sam)
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$PRODUCE Play Sam's Part
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ID: 2a-f2
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INPUT: speak
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CHECK: reveal
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INTRO: Same conversation, other chair — this time you're Sam, the calm one. You begin. Say your first line aloud.
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INSTRUCTION: Read Sam's lines aloud.
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TEMPLATE: Hi, Mark. What's wrong?
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RESPONSE: Hi, Mark. What's wrong? {bk12-l2a-f1-d1.mp3}
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PROMPT: Oh, Sam, I'm so confused. {bk12-l2a-f2-01.mp3}
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TEMPLATE: About what?
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RESPONSE: About what? {bk12-l2a-f1-d3.mp3}
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PROMPT: I've got to make a decision about college. My parents and I talked it over last night. Right now, I don't know if I want to go into a professional field or a technical field. {bk12-l2a-f2-02.mp3}
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TEMPLATE: You don't have to make a choice today. You've got plenty of time to think it over. You're only in your second year of high school.
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RESPONSE: You don't have to make a choice today. You've got plenty of time to think it over. You're only in your second year of high school. {bk12-l2a-f1-d5.mp3}
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# Source: LLA 2A Figure 3
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# Source: LLA 2A Figure 3
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$PRODUCE Questions About the Dialogue
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ID: 2a-f3
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REFERENCE
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INPUT: speak
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CHECK: reveal
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INTRO: Four questions about Mark and his college problem. Answer aloud in a complete sentence, then listen to the model answer.
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INSTRUCTION: Answer the question aloud.
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PROMPT: Is Mark happy? {bk12-l2a-f3-01-q.mp3}
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RESPONSE: No, he's confused. {bk12-l2a-f3-01-a.mp3}
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PROMPT: Does he have to make a decision about work? {bk12-l2a-f3-02-q.mp3}
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RESPONSE: No, he has to make a decision about college. {bk12-l2a-f3-02-a.mp3}
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PROMPT: Does he have to make a choice today? {bk12-l2a-f3-03-q.mp3}
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RESPONSE: No, he's got plenty of time to think it over. {bk12-l2a-f3-03-a.mp3}
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PROMPT: Is he in college now? {bk12-l2a-f3-04-q.mp3}
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RESPONSE: No, he's in his second year of high school. {bk12-l2a-f3-04-a.mp3}
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# Source: ST §A Time for Decisions Parts I & II (merged)
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# Source: ST §A Time for Decisions Parts I & II (merged)
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$DIALOGUE A Time for Decisions
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ID: l2-s4
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INTRO: Meet Dan and Paula — a military man thinking about retirement, and a teacher who just got a job offer. Both of them have a decision to make, preferably before dinner gets cold.
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INSTRUCTION: Repeat the new words, then read the paragraphs.
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REPEAT
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Narrator: Meet Dan. {st-page_047_001.jpg}
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VOCAB: career
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VOCAB: all
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Narrator: Dan has been in the military for 17 years. It has been his career all these years. {st-page_047_001.jpg}
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VOCAB: future
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Narrator: Dan has been thinking about his future. {st-page_047_001.jpg}
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VOCAB: choice
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VOCAB: retire
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Narrator: He has two choices: he can retire from the military in four years, or he can stay in. {st-page_047_001.jpg}
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VOCAB: make up one's mind | made up his mind
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VOCAB: yet
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Narrator: Dan hasn't made up his mind yet. {st-page_047_001.jpg}
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Narrator: If he chooses to become a civilian, he has to be ready. {st-page_047_001.jpg}
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VOCAB: profession
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Narrator: He needs a new profession, so he's thinking about going to technical school to get his associate degree. {st-page_047_001.jpg}
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VOCAB: talk over | talk it over
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Narrator: He'll talk it over with his wife, Paula, this evening. {st-page_047_001.jpg}
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Narrator: Meet Paula. {st-page_048_001.jpg}
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VOCAB: professional
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VOCAB: education
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Narrator: Paula is a professional in the field of education. {st-page_048_001.jpg}
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Narrator: She teaches Spanish at a high school. She has been a teacher in the same school for the last ten years. {st-page_048_001.jpg}
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VOCAB: just
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Narrator: This afternoon, Highland College just offered her a job. {st-page_048_001.jpg}
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Narrator: She would like to change jobs because it would be good for her professional growth, but the job at the college is in the evening, and that's the time she spends teaching her children. {st-page_048_001.jpg}
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VOCAB: think over | think it over
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VOCAB: discuss
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VOCAB: offer
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Narrator: She has to think it over and discuss the offer with Dan this evening. {st-page_048_001.jpg}
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# Source: ST §A Time for Decisions True/False
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# Source: ST §A Time for Decisions True/False
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$SELECT A Time for Decisions: True or False
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ID: l2-s6
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REFERENCE
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INTRO: Twelve statements about Dan and Paula. Tap True or False — you can look back at the story if their evening got away from you.
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INSTRUCTION: Tap True or False.
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OPTION: T | True
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OPTION: F | False
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PROMPT: Dan's career has been in the military.
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ANSWER: T
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PROMPT: Dan has been thinking about things he has already done.
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ANSWER: F
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PROMPT: One of Dan's choices is to retire from civilian work.
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ANSWER: F
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PROMPT: Dan decided to retire.
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ANSWER: F
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PROMPT: Dan may have a new profession in the future.
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ANSWER: T
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PROMPT: Dan may get an associate degree from a university.
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ANSWER: F
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PROMPT: Dan will discuss this with his wife.
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ANSWER: T
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PROMPT: Paula is in the field of education.
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ANSWER: T
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PROMPT: Another high school just offered her a job.
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ANSWER: F
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PROMPT: A job at a college would help her career.
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ANSWER: T
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PROMPT: She will teach her children in the morning.
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ANSWER: F
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PROMPT: She will think about this and talk to Dan.
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ANSWER: T
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# SKIPPED (book): Listening Skill "IT EAT IT" (circle the letter of the word that sounds different) — instructor-read sound discrimination with no recorded stimulus and no given words.
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$LESSON 2-2: Careers and Choices
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# Source: LLA 2B Vocabulary
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# Source: LLA 2B Vocabulary
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$DIALOGUE New Words: Offers and Careers
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ID: 2b-vocab
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INTRO: In this part you'll learn to talk about job offers — accepting them, refusing them, and turning them down. Listen to each new word in a sentence, then repeat.
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INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat each sentence.
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REPEAT
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VOCAB: took
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LINE: Larry took 6 math courses at the university. He studied 6 math courses. {bk12-l2b-f1-01.mp3}
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VOCAB: accept
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LINE: That new job is a promotion. I'm going to accept it. {bk12-l2b-f1-02.mp3}
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VOCAB: offer
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LINE: The Navy made John a good offer. They'll help pay for his education. {bk12-l2b-f1-03.mp3}
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VOCAB: refuse
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LINE: The last time we ate at that restaurant, the food was terrible. I refuse to go there again. {bk12-l2b-f1-04.mp3}
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VOCAB: retire
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LINE: Next year, James is going to retire. He plans to travel all over the United States. {bk12-l2b-f1-05.mp3}
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VOCAB: just
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LINE: I don't know where Captain Highland is. I just got here. {bk12-l2b-f1-06.mp3}
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VOCAB: profession
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LINE: Don is a doctor. He's part of the medical profession. {bk12-l2b-f1-08.mp3}
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# Source: LLA 2B Figures 1 & 2 (dialogue)
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# Source: LLA 2B Figures 1 & 2 (dialogue)
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$DIALOGUE What Courses Are You Taking?
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ID: 2b-f1-d
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INTRO: Jack and Mike catch up about school. Mike's future involves a lot of medical courses. Just listen.
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INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.
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Jack: Hey, Mike. What courses are you taking now? {bk12-l2b-f1-d1.mp3}
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Mike: I'm taking a lot of medical courses, Jack. I'm in the medical field. {bk12-l2b-f1-d2.mp3}
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Jack: Are you going to be a doctor? {bk12-l2b-f1-d3.mp3}
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Mike: No. I'm going to be a nurse. {bk12-l2b-f1-d4.mp3}
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Jack: Will you get a degree? {bk12-l2b-f1-d5.mp3}
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Mike: Yes. My degree will be in nursing. {bk12-l2b-f1-d6.mp3}
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Jack: It sounds like an interesting career. {bk12-l2b-f1-d7.mp3}
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# Source: LLA 2B Figure 2 (role-play, Jack)
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# Source: LLA 2B Figure 2 (role-play, Jack)
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$PRODUCE Play Jack's Part: Courses
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ID: 2b-f2-rp1
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INPUT: speak
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CHECK: reveal
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INTRO: Now you're Jack, asking the questions. You begin — say your line aloud, then listen to Mike's answer.
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INSTRUCTION: Read Jack's lines aloud.
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TEMPLATE: Hey, Mike, what courses are you taking now?
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RESPONSE: Hey, Mike. What courses are you taking now? {bk12-l2b-f1-rp1-01.mp3}
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PROMPT: I'm taking a lot of medical courses, Jack. I'm in the medical field. {bk12-l2b-f1-rp1-02.mp3}
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TEMPLATE: Are you going to be a doctor?
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RESPONSE: Are you going to be a doctor? {bk12-l2b-f1-rp1-03.mp3}
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PROMPT: No. I'm going to be a nurse. {bk12-l2b-f1-rp1-04.mp3}
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TEMPLATE: Will you get a degree?
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RESPONSE: Will you get a degree? {bk12-l2b-f1-rp1-05.mp3}
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PROMPT: Yes. My degree will be in nursing. {bk12-l2b-f1-rp1-06.mp3}
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TEMPLATE: It sounds like an interesting career.
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RESPONSE: It sounds like an interesting career. {bk12-l2b-f1-rp1-07.mp3}
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# Source: LLA 2B Figure 1 (role-play, Mike)
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# Source: LLA 2B Figure 1 (role-play, Mike)
|
|
$PRODUCE Play Mike's Part
|
|
ID: 2b-f1-rp2
|
|
INPUT: speak
|
|
CHECK: reveal
|
|
INTRO: Switch roles — you're Mike, the future nurse. Listen to Jack, then say your line aloud.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Read Mike's lines aloud.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Hey, Mike. What courses are you taking now? {bk12-l2b-f1-rp2-01.mp3}
|
|
TEMPLATE: I'm taking a lot of medical courses, Jack. I'm in the medical field.
|
|
RESPONSE: I'm taking a lot of medical courses, Jack. I'm in the medical field. {bk12-l2b-f1-rp2-02.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Are you going to be a doctor? {bk12-l2b-f1-rp2-03.mp3}
|
|
TEMPLATE: No, I'm going to be a nurse.
|
|
RESPONSE: No. I'm going to be a nurse. {bk12-l2b-f1-rp2-04.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Will you get a degree? {bk12-l2b-f1-rp2-05.mp3}
|
|
TEMPLATE: Yes, my degree will be in nursing.
|
|
RESPONSE: Yes. My degree will be in nursing. {bk12-l2b-f1-rp2-06.mp3}
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2B Figure 4
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2B Figure 4
|
|
$PRODUCE Listen and Answer
|
|
ID: 2b-f4
|
|
INPUT: speak
|
|
CHECK: reveal
|
|
INTRO: You'll hear two short conversations, each followed by a question. Answer the question aloud in a full sentence, then check the model.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Answer the question aloud.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Did you turn down that job at the phone company, Sam? ... I sure did, Bob. ... What profession did you decide on? ... I decided on a career in the military. ... What career did Sam choose? {bk12-l2b-f4-01-q.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: Sam chose a career in the military. {bk12-l2b-f4-01-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Where are you going on your vacation, Sally? ... I want to go to the beach. ... It's rainy and windy today. ... I hope it clears up before I go. ... Where does Sally want to go on her vacation? {bk12-l2b-f4-02-q.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: Sally wants to go to the beach. {bk12-l2b-f4-02-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
# SKIPPED (book): LLA 2B Figure 6 — grid/coordinate placement is unsupported.
|
|
|
|
# DROPPED (twin): ST §Making Decisions word list — the same words are taught on cassette (2A and 2B vocabulary panels); "refusal" and "educator" stay tagged in the dialogs below.
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §A Decision Without Discussion
|
|
|
|
# SKIPPED (book): LLA 2B Figure 6 — grid/coordinate placement is unsupported.
|
|
|
|
# DROPPED (twin): ST §Making Decisions word list — the same words are taught on cassette (2A and 2B vocabulary panels); "refusal" and "educator" stay tagged in the dialogs below.
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §A Decision Without Discussion
|
|
$DIALOGUE A Decision Without Discussion
|
|
ID: l2-s8
|
|
INTRO: Back to Dan and Paula. Paula has made her decision about the job offer — without much of a discussion, as Dan is about to find out.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Repeat the new words, then read the dialog.
|
|
REPEAT
|
|
|
|
VOCAB: turn down | turn it down
|
|
Paula: After the kids and I got home from school, I decided I didn't want the job, Dan. I'm going to turn it down.
|
|
Dan: Don't you want to hear what I have to say?
|
|
|
|
VOCAB: educator
|
|
VOCAB: educate
|
|
VOCAB: take
|
|
Paula: Yes, but first, remember, I am a mother and an educator so I want to educate my children first. If I take the job at Highland College, I won't have time to teach them.
|
|
|
|
VOCAB: confused
|
|
VOCAB: accept
|
|
VOCAB: refuse
|
|
Dan: Now I'm confused, Paula. You've always said you need professional growth, and now that you have a chance, instead of accepting a better job, you're going to refuse it.
|
|
|
|
VOCAB: decision
|
|
VOCAB: instead
|
|
Paula: Now, now, Dan. Don't you start with me! I know that deep down you're happy with my decision. Why don't we talk about your school instead?
|
|
NOTES: "Don't you start with me!" = Don't make problems. / "deep down" = inside
|
|
|
|
Dan: I think I want to wait until after dinner.
|
|
Paula: Okay.
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Answer About a Decision Without Discussion
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Answer About a Decision Without Discussion
|
|
$PRODUCE Questions: A Decision Without Discussion
|
|
ID: l2-s9
|
|
REFERENCE
|
|
INTRO: Now answer some questions about Paula's decision. Type your answers — and feel free to check the dialog.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Answer these questions based on the dialog.
|
|
INPUT: type
|
|
CHECK: llm
|
|
SHOW_PROMPT
|
|
RUBRIC: Treat the model answer as the factual key; accept any phrasing or short form of the same fact(s).
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Is Paula going to accept the job or refuse it?
|
|
RESPONSE: She is going to refuse it.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Has she discussed this with Dan?
|
|
RESPONSE: No, she made the decision without discussing it first.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: What is Paula's profession?
|
|
RESPONSE: She is a teacher and an educator.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Why did she make that decision?
|
|
RESPONSE: She wants to educate her children first.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Why is Dan confused?
|
|
RESPONSE: He thought she wanted professional growth.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Do you think Dan is happy about Paula's decision?
|
|
RESPONSE: Yes, Paula thinks he is happy deep down.
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Dan Changes His Mind About His Field
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Dan Changes His Mind About His Field
|
|
$DIALOGUE Dan Changes His Mind
|
|
ID: l2-s10
|
|
INTRO: After dinner, it's Dan's turn. He's been rethinking his plans for civilian life — medical training is out, electronics is in.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Repeat the new words, then read the dialog.
|
|
REPEAT
|
|
|
|
Dan: I've been thinking about the future, Paula. If I retire in four years, I need to have a career as a civilian. I need to go back to school.
|
|
|
|
VOCAB: change one's mind | changed your mind
|
|
Paula: You really should. Do you still want to get some medical training, or have you changed your mind?
|
|
|
|
VOCAB: course
|
|
Dan: I think I'd like to take more courses in electronics.
|
|
|
|
VOCAB: already
|
|
Paula: That's good, since you've already taken courses in that field.
|
|
|
|
VOCAB: tour of duty
|
|
Dan: Yes, and I sure have enjoyed them. Now that we've made all these plans, I hope they don't send me on an overseas tour of duty.
|
|
Paula: I think you've been out of the country enough.
|
|
|
|
VOCAB: refusal
|
|
Dan: Paula, I'm still a little confused. Are you sure you're happy with your refusal?
|
|
|
|
VOCAB: confusing
|
|
Paula: It's really not so confusing, Dan. I'm not really happy, but I think this is what I have to do. All of us have to make some choices we don't like.
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Answer About Dan
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Answer About Dan
|
|
$PRODUCE Questions About Dan
|
|
ID: l2-s11
|
|
REFERENCE
|
|
INTRO: A few questions about Dan's new plan. Type your answers; the dialog is there if you need it.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Answer these questions based on the dialog.
|
|
INPUT: type
|
|
CHECK: llm
|
|
SHOW_PROMPT
|
|
RUBRIC: Treat the model answer as the factual key; accept any phrasing or short form of the same fact(s).
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: If Dan retires, what does he need?
|
|
RESPONSE: He needs to have a career as a civilian.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: What kind of training did Dan want before he changed his mind?
|
|
RESPONSE: He wanted medical training.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: What kind of courses does he want to take now?
|
|
RESPONSE: He wants to take more courses in electronics.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Why doesn't Dan want an overseas tour of duty now?
|
|
RESPONSE: He wants to stay and follow the plans they made.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Why is Paula's decision confusing to Dan?
|
|
RESPONSE: She made a choice she doesn't really like.
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Decisions About Their Careers (recast as cued Q&A — bare-word cue production avoided)
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Decisions About Their Careers (recast as cued Q&A — bare-word cue production avoided)
|
|
$PRODUCE Dan and Paula: Say It in a Sentence
|
|
ID: l2-s12
|
|
INTRO: One last pass through Dan and Paula's story. Answer each question aloud in a full sentence, using the cue word on the screen.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Answer aloud in a full sentence. Use the word shown.
|
|
INPUT: speak
|
|
CHECK: llm
|
|
SHOW_PROMPT
|
|
RUBRIC: The learner must use the cue word shown in a grammatically correct full sentence; treat the model answer as the factual key and accept any phrasing of the same fact about Dan and Paula.
|
|
|
|
EXAMPLE
|
|
TEMPLATE: (career)
|
|
PROMPT: What has Dan's career been all these years?
|
|
RESPONSE: Dan's career has been in the military.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: (choices)
|
|
PROMPT: How many choices does Dan have for his future?
|
|
RESPONSE: Dan has two choices for his future.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: (retire)
|
|
PROMPT: What might Dan do in four years?
|
|
RESPONSE: Dan might retire in four years.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: (make up his mind)
|
|
PROMPT: Has Dan decided about his future?
|
|
RESPONSE: Dan hasn't made up his mind yet.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: (profession)
|
|
PROMPT: What does Dan need if he becomes a civilian?
|
|
RESPONSE: Dan needs a new profession.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: (offered)
|
|
PROMPT: What did Highland College do this afternoon?
|
|
RESPONSE: Highland College offered Paula a job.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: (professional growth)
|
|
PROMPT: Why would a new job be good for Paula?
|
|
RESPONSE: A new job would be good for Paula's professional growth.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: (think over)
|
|
PROMPT: What does Paula have to do with the offer?
|
|
RESPONSE: Paula has to think the offer over.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: (discuss)
|
|
PROMPT: Who does Paula need to discuss the offer with?
|
|
RESPONSE: Paula needs to discuss the offer with Dan.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: (turn down)
|
|
PROMPT: What is Paula going to do with the job?
|
|
RESPONSE: Paula is going to turn down the job.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: (educate)
|
|
PROMPT: What does Paula want to do first?
|
|
RESPONSE: Paula wants to educate her children.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: (confused)
|
|
PROMPT: How did Dan feel about Paula's decision?
|
|
RESPONSE: Dan was confused by Paula's decision.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: (instead of)
|
|
PROMPT: What does Paula want to do instead of taking the new job?
|
|
RESPONSE: Paula wants to teach her kids instead of taking the new job.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: (decision)
|
|
PROMPT: How did Paula make her decision?
|
|
RESPONSE: Paula made a decision without discussion.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: (change his mind)
|
|
PROMPT: What did Dan do about medical training?
|
|
RESPONSE: Dan changed his mind about medical training.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: (take courses)
|
|
PROMPT: What does Dan want to take now?
|
|
RESPONSE: Dan wants to take courses in electronics.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: (tour of duty)
|
|
PROMPT: What does Dan hope he doesn't get?
|
|
RESPONSE: Dan hopes he doesn't get an overseas tour of duty.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: (refusal)
|
|
PROMPT: What did Dan ask Paula about her decision?
|
|
RESPONSE: Dan asked if Paula is happy with her refusal.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: (confusing)
|
|
PROMPT: What does Paula say about her choice?
|
|
RESPONSE: Paula says her choice is not confusing.
|
|
|
|
$LESSON 2-3: Already, Still, Yet — and the Present Perfect
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2A Listening/Speaking (Time Expressions)
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2A Listening/Speaking (Time Expressions)
|
|
$DIALOGUE Time Expressions
|
|
ID: 2a-ls2
|
|
INTRO: This part is about small words with big jobs — already, still, yet, anymore — and the present perfect tense they love to travel with. First, listen to each one in a sentence and repeat.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
|
|
REPEAT
|
|
|
|
VOCAB: already
|
|
LINE: Lieutenant Adams already knows Captain Jones. He met him last night. {bk12-l2a-f3-05.mp3}
|
|
|
|
VOCAB: no longer
|
|
LINE: Mr. Flores no longer works here. He retired last month. {bk12-l2a-f3-06.mp3}
|
|
|
|
VOCAB: yet
|
|
LINE: Ms. Sampson hasn't typed that letter yet. She's been very busy. {bk12-l2a-f3-07.mp3}
|
|
|
|
VOCAB: anymore
|
|
LINE: I don't go to Lee High School anymore. I graduated last year. {bk12-l2a-f3-08.mp3}
|
|
|
|
VOCAB: any longer
|
|
LINE: Jim's not going to technical school any longer. He finished and got a job. {bk12-l2a-f3-09.mp3}
|
|
|
|
VOCAB: still
|
|
LINE: Beth is still living in Chicago. She's lived there for 6 years now. {bk12-l2a-f3-10.mp3}
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Adverbs grammar box
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Adverbs grammar box
|
|
$GRAMMAR Already, Still, Yet, Anymore, Any Longer, No Longer
|
|
ID: l2-s13
|
|
INTRO: Here's how each of these time words works, and where it goes in the sentence. Take a minute with this — the drills that follow use all of them.
|
|
|
|
We use **already** to say something happened before now or before this time. It is used in questions and affirmative statements.
|
|
> {Ed already has a high school diploma.}
|
|
> {Mr. Smith is already here.}
|
|
> {Are they already in elementary school?}
|
|
|
|
We use **still** to say that a situation is continuing. It usually goes in the middle of the sentence with the verb. It is used in questions and in affirmative and negative statements.
|
|
> {Ed still doesn't have a college degree.}
|
|
> {It was warm yesterday, and it's still warm today.}
|
|
> {Are you still waiting?}
|
|
|
|
We use **yet** to ask or talk about something that did not happen before now, but might in the future. It goes at the end of the sentence. It is used in questions and negative statements.
|
|
> {I'm very hungry. Is dinner ready yet?}
|
|
> {Can you wait ten minutes? John isn't here yet.}
|
|
|
|
We use **anymore**, **any longer**, and **no longer** to say that a past situation does not exist.
|
|
|
|
**Anymore** and **any longer** are used in questions and negative statements. They go at the end of the sentence.
|
|
> {Is he in high school anymore?}
|
|
> {She isn't in the army any longer.}
|
|
|
|
**No longer** is used in affirmative statements. It goes in the middle of the sentence with the verb.
|
|
> {He is no longer a student.}
|
|
> {She no longer works at night.}
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2A Figure 4
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2A Figure 4
|
|
$PRODUCE Type the Missing Time Word
|
|
ID: 2a-f4
|
|
INPUT: type
|
|
CHECK: exact
|
|
INTRO: Read the sentence on the screen and type the missing time word — already, still, yet, and friends. Then listen to the completed sentence and say it back.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Type the missing word.
|
|
REPEAT
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: Frank studied French for three years. He ____ knows how to speak that language.
|
|
PROMPT: Frank studied French for 3 years. He knows how to speak that language. {bk12-l2a-f4-01-q.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: Frank studied French for 3 years. He already knows how to speak that language. {bk12-l2a-f4-01-a.mp3}
|
|
ACCEPT: already
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: Major Gunther moved last month. He ____ lives here.
|
|
PROMPT: Major Gunther moved last month. He lives here. {bk12-l2a-f4-02-q.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: Major Gunther moved last month. He no longer lives here. {bk12-l2a-f4-02-a.mp3}
|
|
ACCEPT: no longer
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: It's 9:30, and I haven't eaten dinner ____.
|
|
PROMPT: It's 9:30, and I haven't eaten dinner. {bk12-l2a-f4-03-q.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: It's 9:30, and I haven't eaten dinner yet. {bk12-l2a-f4-03-a.mp3}
|
|
ACCEPT: yet
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: Lt Emery has a tour of duty in Germany. He doesn't work at this base ____.
|
|
PROMPT: Lieutenant Emery has a tour of duty in Germany. He doesn't work at this base. {bk12-l2a-f4-04-q.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: Lieutenant Emery has a tour of duty in Germany. He doesn't work at this base any longer. {bk12-l2a-f4-04-a.mp3}
|
|
ACCEPT: any longer | anymore | any more
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: My daughter got married three weeks ago. She doesn't live here ____.
|
|
PROMPT: My daughter got married 3 weeks ago. She doesn't live here. {bk12-l2a-f4-05-q.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: My daughter got married 3 weeks ago. She doesn't live here any longer. {bk12-l2a-f4-05-a.mp3}
|
|
ACCEPT: any longer | anymore | any more
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: Ms. Smith hasn't come for her appointment yet. The doctor is ____ waiting.
|
|
PROMPT: Mrs. Smith hasn't come for her appointment yet. The doctor is waiting. {bk12-l2a-f4-06-q.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: Mrs. Smith hasn't come for her appointment yet. The doctor is still waiting. {bk12-l2a-f4-06-a.mp3}
|
|
ACCEPT: still
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2A Figure 5
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2A Figure 5
|
|
$PRODUCE Answer with a Time Expression
|
|
ID: 2a-f5
|
|
INPUT: speak
|
|
CHECK: reveal
|
|
INTRO: Listen to each question and answer aloud with a full sentence, using the cue on the screen. Then repeat the model answer.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Answer aloud using the cue.
|
|
REPEAT
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: (yes)
|
|
PROMPT: Has Jennifer eaten lunch yet? {bk12-l2a-f5-01-q.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: Yes. She has already eaten lunch. {bk12-l2a-f5-01-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: (no, no longer)
|
|
PROMPT: Does Fred live here anymore? {bk12-l2a-f5-02-q.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: No. He no longer lives here. {bk12-l2a-f5-02-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: (yes, every month)
|
|
PROMPT: Does Marilyn write to you anymore? {bk12-l2a-f5-03-q.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: Yes. She still writes every month. {bk12-l2a-f5-03-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: (yes, every Friday)
|
|
PROMPT: Do the Samsons eat here anymore? {bk12-l2a-f5-04-q.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: Yes. They still eat here every Friday. {bk12-l2a-f5-04-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: (yes)
|
|
PROMPT: Have the Johnsons been to Chicago yet? {bk12-l2a-f5-05-q.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: Yes. They've already been there. {bk12-l2a-f5-05-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: (no)
|
|
PROMPT: Does Lieutenant Richards work for you anymore? {bk12-l2a-f5-06-q.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: No. He no longer works for me. {bk12-l2a-f5-06-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Ed Already Has a Diploma
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Ed Already Has a Diploma
|
|
$DIALOGUE Ed Already Has a Diploma
|
|
ID: l2-s14
|
|
INTRO: Meet Ed. He's finished with school forever — now he just needs a job, which turns out to be the hard part. Read along as you listen.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Read the paragraphs.
|
|
|
|
LINE: Ed graduated from high school in May. {st-page_055_001.jpg}
|
|
LINE: He isn't a student any longer. He doesn't study anymore. {st-page_055_001.jpg}
|
|
LINE: He no longer has to do homework or take tests. {st-page_055_001.jpg}
|
|
LINE: Ed doesn't have a job yet. {st-page_055_002.jpg}
|
|
LINE: He began looking for a job in June, but he still hasn't found one that he wants. {st-page_055_002.jpg}
|
|
LINE: He's worried, because some of his friends already have jobs. {st-page_055_002.jpg}
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Are You Still in the Army?
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Are You Still in the Army?
|
|
$PRODUCE Are You Still in the Army?
|
|
ID: l2-s15
|
|
INTRO: Two old friends catch up — one retired, one not quite. Complete their dialog by typing the right time word into each gap.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Complete the dialog. Use: still, already, yet, anymore, any longer, no longer.
|
|
INPUT: type
|
|
CHECK: exact
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: Dan: Why are you in civilian clothes?
|
|
TEMPLATE: Ted: I'm ____{no longer} in the Army.
|
|
RESPONSE: Dan: Why are you in civilian clothes? Ted: I'm no longer in the Army.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: Dan: Why did you decide to retire?
|
|
TEMPLATE: Ted: I didn't want to move from base to base ____{anymore|any longer}.
|
|
RESPONSE: Dan: Why did you decide to retire? Ted: I didn't want to move from base to base anymore.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: Dan: Are you going to start a second career?
|
|
TEMPLATE: Ted: Yes. I've ____{already} accepted an offer to teach math.
|
|
RESPONSE: Dan: Are you going to start a second career? Ted: Yes. I've already accepted an offer to teach math.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: Ted: How about you? Are you ____{still} flying for the Navy?
|
|
RESPONSE: Ted: How about you? Are you still flying for the Navy?
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: Dan: No, I'm not flying ____{anymore|any longer}. I have a desk job now.
|
|
RESPONSE: Dan: No, I'm not flying anymore. I have a desk job now.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: Ted: Are you ready to retire ____{yet}?
|
|
RESPONSE: Ted: Are you ready to retire yet?
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: Dan: I'd like to, but I can't. I ____{still} have two kids in college.
|
|
RESPONSE: Dan: I'd like to, but I can't. I still have two kids in college.
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Make Sentences With Adverbs
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Make Sentences With Adverbs
|
|
$PRODUCE Make Sentences with Adverbs
|
|
ID: l2-s16
|
|
INTRO: Read each short exchange, then say one sentence that sums it up, using the word in parentheses. The example shows you the shape.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Make a sentence about the dialog using the word in parentheses.
|
|
INPUT: speak
|
|
CHECK: reveal
|
|
SHOW_PROMPT
|
|
|
|
EXAMPLE
|
|
PROMPT: Dan: Don is a college student now. He was a college student last year too. (still)
|
|
RESPONSE: Don is still a college student.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Don: How is your car? / Ben: I've been working on it for two days. (still)
|
|
RESPONSE: Ben is still working on his car.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Lou: When will you be ready to leave? / Tim: In another hour or two. (yet)
|
|
RESPONSE: Tim isn't ready to leave yet.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Ted: Do you plan to get a master's degree? / Bob: I have one. I got it several years ago. (already)
|
|
RESPONSE: Bob already has a master's degree.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Jim: Does Carl live in the barracks? / Joe: He did until last week. (anymore)
|
|
RESPONSE: Carl doesn't live in the barracks anymore.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Sam: Are you driving a bus now? / Tom: No. I started driving a taxi last year. (any longer)
|
|
RESPONSE: Tom doesn't drive a bus any longer.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Sam: Are you driving a bus now? / Tom: No. I started driving a taxi last year. (no longer)
|
|
RESPONSE: Tom no longer drives a bus.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Tom: John wants to be a pilot. / Bob: His brother is a pilot now. (yet)
|
|
RESPONSE: John isn't a pilot yet.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Tom: John wants to be a pilot. / Bob: His brother is a pilot now. (already)
|
|
RESPONSE: John's brother is already a pilot.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Ray: Does Kim teach French? / Don: She did last year, but she doesn't now. (no longer)
|
|
RESPONSE: Kim no longer teaches French.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Ray: Does Kim teach French? / Don: She did last year, but she doesn't now. (any longer)
|
|
RESPONSE: Kim doesn't teach French any longer.
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Barbara Is Still a Secretary
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Barbara Is Still a Secretary
|
|
$DIALOGUE Barbara Is Still a Secretary
|
|
ID: l2-s17
|
|
INTRO: Now meet Barbara, a secretary with bigger plans. Read along — you'll answer questions about her next.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Read the paragraphs.
|
|
|
|
LINE: Barbara is a secretary now, but she will be a college student in September.
|
|
LINE: She no longer likes her job or wants to work for a big company.
|
|
LINE: She has an associate degree. Now she wants a bachelor's degree.
|
|
LINE: She's thinking about a master's degree too.
|
|
LINE: Barbara will have to work while she's in college, but she won't work all day.
|
|
LINE: She has another job. She'll work part time in the school library.
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Ask and Answer About Barbara
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Ask and Answer About Barbara
|
|
$PRODUCE Ask and Answer About Barbara
|
|
ID: l2-s18
|
|
REFERENCE
|
|
INTRO: Play both parts: ask a question about Barbara with the word on the screen, then answer it yourself. The story is there if you need to check a fact.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Ask and answer a question about the paragraphs using the given word.
|
|
INPUT: speak
|
|
CHECK: llm
|
|
SHOW_PROMPT
|
|
RUBRIC: The learner must produce a grammatically correct question using the prompted adverb (still, already, yet, anymore, no longer, any longer) based on Barbara's story, followed by a matching short or long answer. (e.g. prompt "still" -> "Is Barbara still a secretary? Yes, she is.")
|
|
|
|
EXAMPLE
|
|
PROMPT: still
|
|
RESPONSE: Is Barbara still a secretary? Yes, she is.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: already
|
|
RESPONSE: Does Barbara already have a degree? Yes, she already has an associate degree.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: yet
|
|
RESPONSE: Is she a college student yet? No, she isn't a college student yet.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: no longer
|
|
RESPONSE: Does she like her job? No, she no longer likes her job.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: anymore
|
|
RESPONSE: Does she want to work for a big company? No, she doesn't want to work for a big company anymore.
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Present Perfect: Indefinite Past
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Present Perfect: Indefinite Past
|
|
$GRAMMAR Present Perfect: Indefinite Past
|
|
ID: l2-s20
|
|
INTRO: Already and yet keep company with the present perfect tense — have or has plus the past participle. Read these short exchanges and tap any line to hear it.
|
|
|
|
**Present Perfect Tense** (have/has + past participle)
|
|
|
|
> Doug: {Have you ever been to France?}
|
|
> Dave: {No, I never have. Have you?}
|
|
|
|
> Rick: {Don't hang up! I haven't talked to Tom yet.}
|
|
> Jack: {Too late. He's already hung up.}
|
|
|
|
> Mike: {Has Tony chosen a university yet?}
|
|
> Cory: {No, he hasn't decided anything about his future.}
|
|
|
|
> Carl: {How much money have you spent today?}
|
|
> Nick: {Not much. I've only bought a magazine.}
|
|
|
|
> Greg: {Have you lent Aldo any money today?}
|
|
> Fred: {Yes, I have. He's already borrowed $5.00 from me.}
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2C Figure 1
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2C Figure 1
|
|
$DIALOGUE Present Perfect with Yet, Ever, Already, Still
|
|
ID: 2c-f1
|
|
INTRO: Now listen to the pattern in action. Repeat each sentence, paying attention to yet, ever, already, and still.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat each sentence.
|
|
REPEAT
|
|
|
|
LINE: Cheryl hasn't eaten lunch yet. {bk12-l2c-f1-01.mp3}
|
|
LINE: Has Ed ever been to Los Angeles? {bk12-l2c-f1-02.mp3}
|
|
LINE: Lieutenant Martin has gone to Germany. {bk12-l2c-f1-03.mp3}
|
|
LINE: I haven't seen the new secretary yet. {bk12-l2c-f1-04.mp3}
|
|
LINE: Mr. Rogers hasn't answered all the questions. {bk12-l2c-f1-05.mp3}
|
|
LINE: Mr. Smith has already borrowed too much money. {bk12-l2c-f1-06.mp3}
|
|
LINE: Has Jerome cleaned his room yet? {bk12-l2c-f1-07.mp3}
|
|
LINE: Robert still hasn't fixed this door. {bk12-l2c-f1-08.mp3}
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2C Figure 2
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2C Figure 2
|
|
$PRODUCE Already or Not Yet?
|
|
ID: 2c-f2
|
|
INPUT: type
|
|
CHECK: exact
|
|
INTRO: Each question comes twice — once you answer yes with "already", once you answer no with "yet". Type the short answer using the cue words, then repeat the model.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Type the answer using the cue words.
|
|
REPEAT
|
|
|
|
EXAMPLE
|
|
TEMPLATE: yes, already
|
|
PROMPT: Have you finished your homework yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-ex-q1.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: Yes, I've already finished it. {bk12-l2c-f2-ex-a1.mp3}
|
|
|
|
EXAMPLE
|
|
TEMPLATE: no, yet
|
|
PROMPT: Have you finished your homework yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-ex-q2.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: No, I haven't finished it yet. {bk12-l2c-f2-ex-a2.mp3}
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: yes, already
|
|
PROMPT: Has Janet graduated from college yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-01-q1.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: Yes, she has already graduated. {bk12-l2c-f2-01-a1.mp3}
|
|
ACCEPT: Yes, she's already graduated.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: no, yet
|
|
PROMPT: Has Janet graduated from college yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-01-q2.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: No, she hasn't graduated yet. {bk12-l2c-f2-01-a2.mp3}
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: yes, already
|
|
PROMPT: Have you seen Mike's daughter yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-02-q1.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: Yes, I've already seen her. {bk12-l2c-f2-02-a1.mp3}
|
|
ACCEPT: Yes, I have already seen her.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: no, yet
|
|
PROMPT: Have you seen Mike's daughter yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-02-q2.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: No, I haven't seen her yet. {bk12-l2c-f2-02-a2.mp3}
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: yes, already
|
|
PROMPT: Has your son learned Spanish yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-03-q1.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: Yes, he has already learned Spanish. {bk12-l2c-f2-03-a1.mp3}
|
|
ACCEPT: Yes, he's already learned Spanish.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: no, yet
|
|
PROMPT: Has your son learned Spanish yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-03-q2.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: No, he hasn't learned Spanish yet. {bk12-l2c-f2-03-a2.mp3}
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: yes, already
|
|
PROMPT: Have the Johnsons realized that they are rich yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-04-q1.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: Yes, they have already realized it. {bk12-l2c-f2-04-a1.mp3}
|
|
ACCEPT: Yes, they've already realized it.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: no, yet
|
|
PROMPT: Have the Johnsons realized that they are rich yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-04-q2.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: No, they haven't realized it yet. {bk12-l2c-f2-04-a2.mp3}
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: yes, already
|
|
PROMPT: Has Henry picked up the laundry yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-05-q1.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: Yes, he's already picked it up. {bk12-l2c-f2-05-a1.mp3}
|
|
ACCEPT: Yes, he has already picked it up.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: no, yet
|
|
PROMPT: Has Henry picked up the laundry yet? {bk12-l2c-f2-05-q2.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: No, he hasn't picked it up yet. {bk12-l2c-f2-05-a2.mp3}
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Marsha Has Forgiven John
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Marsha Has Forgiven John
|
|
$PRODUCE Marsha Has Forgiven John
|
|
ID: l2-s21
|
|
INTRO: Read the first speaker's sentence, then complete the reply aloud, putting the underlined verb into the present perfect.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Complete the dialog aloud. Use the emphasized verb in the present perfect.
|
|
INPUT: speak
|
|
CHECK: reveal
|
|
SHOW_PROMPT
|
|
|
|
EXAMPLE
|
|
PROMPT: Ned: Arthur *called* me yesterday.
|
|
RESPONSE: Jay: He still has not called me.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Don: Several people *came* early.
|
|
RESPONSE: Bob: Louis has not come yet.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Kim: Roger *got* three letters today.
|
|
RESPONSE: Ken: He has gotten almost a dozen letters this week.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Doug: Albert *took* his medicine this morning.
|
|
RESPONSE: John: He has taken it regularly.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Jan: The students *read* the first story quickly.
|
|
RESPONSE: Tim: Some of them have already read the book.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Sam: John apologized, so Marsha should *forgive* him.
|
|
RESPONSE: Lou: She has already forgiven him for his mistake.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Bob: Thelma didn't *mean* to hurt Amy's feelings.
|
|
RESPONSE: Pat: She has never meant to hurt anyone's feelings.
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Tony Has Made a List (cues recast as display-only TEMPLATEs — checkmarks shouldn't be read by TTS)
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Tony Has Made a List (cues recast as display-only TEMPLATEs — checkmarks shouldn't be read by TTS)
|
|
$PRODUCE Tony Has Made a List
|
|
ID: l2-s22
|
|
INTRO: Tony is getting ready for a trip to Miami, and he has a to-do list. A checkmark means it's done. Say a sentence about each item — he has already done it, or he hasn't done it yet.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Say what Tony has already done or hasn't done yet.
|
|
INPUT: speak
|
|
CHECK: reveal
|
|
|
|
EXAMPLE
|
|
TEMPLATE: buy film
|
|
RESPONSE: Tony hasn't bought film yet.
|
|
|
|
EXAMPLE
|
|
TEMPLATE: borrow camera ✓
|
|
RESPONSE: He has already borrowed a camera.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: get traveler's checks
|
|
RESPONSE: He hasn't gotten traveler's checks yet.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: find map of Miami
|
|
RESPONSE: He hasn't found a map of Miami yet.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: call travel agent ✓
|
|
RESPONSE: He has already called a travel agent.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: pick up airline tickets
|
|
RESPONSE: He hasn't picked up the airline tickets yet.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: make hotel reservation ✓
|
|
RESPONSE: He has already made a hotel reservation.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: send shirts to laundry
|
|
RESPONSE: He hasn't sent his shirts to the laundry yet.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: mail hotel room deposit ✓
|
|
RESPONSE: He has already mailed the hotel room deposit.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: pack suitcase
|
|
RESPONSE: He hasn't packed his suitcase yet.
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Have You Ever Gotten a Traffic Ticket?
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Have You Ever Gotten a Traffic Ticket?
|
|
$PRODUCE Have You Ever...?
|
|
ID: l2-s23
|
|
INTRO: Now about you. Build a "Have you ever...?" question from the cue, then answer it honestly — yes or no, your call.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Ask a present perfect question from the cue, then answer it for yourself (yes or no).
|
|
INPUT: speak
|
|
CHECK: llm
|
|
SHOW_PROMPT
|
|
RUBRIC: The learner must form a present perfect question using the cue (e.g. "Have you ever played soccer?") and give a matching short answer ("Yes, I have" or "No, I haven't"). The answer may truthfully be yes or no — learner's choice.
|
|
|
|
EXAMPLE
|
|
PROMPT: play/baseball
|
|
RESPONSE: Have you ever played baseball? Yes, I have.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: go/beach
|
|
RESPONSE: Have you ever gone to the beach? Yes, I have.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: play/soccer
|
|
RESPONSE: Have you ever played soccer? No, I haven't.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: meet/general
|
|
RESPONSE: Have you ever met a general? No, I haven't.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: fly/airplane
|
|
RESPONSE: Have you ever flown in an airplane? Yes, I have.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: visit/New York City
|
|
RESPONSE: Have you ever visited New York City? No, I haven't.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: have/automobile accident
|
|
RESPONSE: Have you ever had an automobile accident? No, I haven't.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: forget/something important
|
|
RESPONSE: Have you ever forgotten something important? Yes, I have.
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §How Many Times Have You Eaten in the Mess Hall This Week?
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §How Many Times Have You Eaten in the Mess Hall This Week?
|
|
$PRODUCE How Many Have You...?
|
|
ID: l2-s24
|
|
INTRO: Last drill of this part — promise. Ask a "how many" question in the present perfect from the cue, then answer it about yourself.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Ask a present perfect question with "how many" using the cue, then answer it.
|
|
INPUT: speak
|
|
CHECK: llm
|
|
SHOW_PROMPT
|
|
RUBRIC: The learner must ask a present perfect question starting with "how many" using the cue words, and then provide a plausible answer in the present perfect. Any plausible quantity is acceptable.
|
|
|
|
EXAMPLE
|
|
PROMPT: letters/get (this week)
|
|
RESPONSE: How many letters have you gotten this week? I've gotten only one letter this week.
|
|
|
|
EXAMPLE
|
|
PROMPT: letters/write (today)
|
|
RESPONSE: How many letters have you written today? I haven't written any letters today.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: meals/eat (today)
|
|
RESPONSE: How many meals have you eaten today? I've eaten two meals today.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: miles/walk (this week)
|
|
RESPONSE: How many miles have you walked this week? I've walked three miles this week.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: sodas/drink (today)
|
|
RESPONSE: How many sodas have you drunk today? I haven't drunk any sodas today.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: tests/take (this week)
|
|
RESPONSE: How many tests have you taken this week? I've taken one test this week.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: cigarettes/smoke (today)
|
|
RESPONSE: How many cigarettes have you smoked today? I haven't smoked any cigarettes today.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: telephone calls/make (this week)
|
|
RESPONSE: How many telephone calls have you made this week? I've made five telephone calls this week.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: cups of coffee/drink (today)
|
|
RESPONSE: How many cups of coffee have you drunk today? I've drunk two cups of coffee today.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: pages of homework/do (this week)
|
|
RESPONSE: How many pages of homework have you done this week? I've done ten pages of homework this week.
|
|
|
|
# SKIPPED (book): Writing Skill "READ AND LISTEN. UNDERLINE AND NUMBER." — paragraph annotation task with instructor-read questions.
|
|
|
|
$LESSON 2-4: So and Or
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Do You Need an Appointment Today, or Can You Wait Until Monday?
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Do You Need an Appointment Today, or Can You Wait Until Monday?
|
|
$DIALOGUE Choices and Results
|
|
ID: l2-s25
|
|
INTRO: In this part you'll learn to join two sentences into one — "or" for a choice, "so" for a result. First, hear both at work in three tiny scenes.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Read the dialogs.
|
|
|
|
Clerk: Can you wait until Monday, or do you need an appointment today? {st-page_064_001.jpg}
|
|
Maria: I really feel awful, so I need an appointment right away. {st-page_064_001.jpg}
|
|
|
|
Steven: I don't have any cash, so I'll have to write a check. {st-page_064_002.jpg}
|
|
Waiter: You can write a check, or you can charge your meal if you want to. {st-page_064_002.jpg}
|
|
|
|
Tommy: Does Rex have to stay outside, or can he come in the house? {st-page_064_003.jpg}
|
|
Mother: He's wet and dirty, so please keep him outside. {st-page_064_003.jpg}
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2B Grammar (so/or sentences)
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2B Grammar (so/or sentences)
|
|
$DIALOGUE Sentences with So and Or
|
|
ID: 2b-grammar1
|
|
INTRO: Now listen to sentences connected by "so" and "or", and repeat each one. Notice which word gives a result and which gives a choice.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat.
|
|
REPEAT
|
|
|
|
LINE: The movie was boring. So we went home. {bk12-l2b-f2-g1-01.mp3}
|
|
LINE: We can go to dinner. Or we can go to the movies. {bk12-l2b-f2-g1-02.mp3}
|
|
LINE: Fred was sick. So he didn't go to Al's party. {bk12-l2b-f2-g1-03.mp3}
|
|
LINE: You can give it to me. Or you can give it to my secretary. {bk12-l2b-f2-g1-04.mp3}
|
|
LINE: It was snowing. So we stayed at home. {bk12-l2b-f2-g1-05.mp3}
|
|
LINE: I can fly. Or I can take the train. {bk12-l2b-f2-g1-06.mp3}
|
|
LINE: Jim had a fever and a bad cough. So he went to the doctor. {bk12-l2b-f2-g1-07.mp3}
|
|
LINE: You can have chicken soup. Or you can have a chicken sandwich. {bk12-l2b-f2-g1-08.mp3}
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §I Don't Have Any Money, So I Need to Write a Check
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §I Don't Have Any Money, So I Need to Write a Check
|
|
$GRAMMAR So: Situation and Result
|
|
ID: l2-s26
|
|
INTRO: Here's the rule for "so" in one small table: the situation comes first, and "so" introduces the result.
|
|
|
|
We use the conjunction **so** to express the result of a situation.
|
|
|
|
| SITUATION | RESULT |
|
|
|---|---|
|
|
| Because I don't have any cash, | I'll write a check. |
|
|
| I don't have any cash, | **so** I'll write a check. |
|
|
|
|
{I don't have any cash, so I'll write a check.}
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Use "So"
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Use "So"
|
|
$PRODUCE Use "So"
|
|
ID: l2-s27
|
|
INTRO: Take each "because" sentence and say it again with "so" — situation first, result second. No "because" allowed.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Change the sentence aloud. Use "so" to show the result. (Don't use "because".)
|
|
INPUT: speak
|
|
CHECK: reveal
|
|
SHOW_PROMPT
|
|
|
|
EXAMPLE
|
|
PROMPT: Because it was raining, we took a taxi.
|
|
RESPONSE: It was raining, so we took a taxi.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Because we didn't have classes on Friday, we went to the beach.
|
|
RESPONSE: We didn't have classes on Friday, so we went to the beach.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Because we wanted to spend all day there, we decided to leave early.
|
|
RESPONSE: We wanted to spend all day there, so we decided to leave early.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Because Tom and Doug had to work, they couldn't go.
|
|
RESPONSE: Tom and Doug had to work, so they couldn't go.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Because Dave's car was out of gas, we went in Jack's car.
|
|
RESPONSE: Dave's car was out of gas, so we went in Jack's car.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Because Jack was tired, Mike drove.
|
|
RESPONSE: Jack was tired, so Mike drove.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Because we were hungry, we stopped and ate lunch on the way.
|
|
RESPONSE: We were hungry, so we stopped and ate lunch on the way.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Because the water was cold, we didn't swim much.
|
|
RESPONSE: The water was cold, so we didn't swim much.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Because I forgot to take a towel, Jack lent me one of his.
|
|
RESPONSE: I forgot to take a towel, so Jack lent me one of his.
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §I Can Pay Cash for the Gas, or I Can Charge It
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §I Can Pay Cash for the Gas, or I Can Charge It
|
|
$GRAMMAR Or: A Choice Between Two
|
|
ID: l2-s28
|
|
INTRO: And here's "or" — it joins two possibilities into one sentence about a choice.
|
|
|
|
We use the conjunction **or** to express a choice.
|
|
|
|
| | | |
|
|
|---|---|---|
|
|
| We can charge the gas. | | We can pay cash for it. |
|
|
| We can charge the gas, | **or** | we can pay cash for it. |
|
|
|
|
{We can charge the gas, or we can pay cash for it.}
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Use "Or"
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Use "Or"
|
|
$PRODUCE Use "Or"
|
|
ID: l2-s29
|
|
INTRO: Combine each pair of sentences into one with "or". Questions stay questions — just join them.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Combine the two sentences aloud. Use "or" to express a choice.
|
|
INPUT: speak
|
|
CHECK: reveal
|
|
SHOW_PROMPT
|
|
|
|
EXAMPLE
|
|
PROMPT: We can go now. We can leave later.
|
|
RESPONSE: We can go now, or we can leave later.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: We can listen to a tape. I can turn on the radio.
|
|
RESPONSE: We can listen to a tape, or I can turn on the radio.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: We can live in the barracks. We can rent an apartment.
|
|
RESPONSE: We can live in the barracks, or we can rent an apartment.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: You may take the test Friday. You may wait until Monday.
|
|
RESPONSE: You may take the test Friday, or you may wait until Monday.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Can you answer the telephone? Do you want me to do it?
|
|
RESPONSE: Can you answer the telephone, or do you want me to do it?
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Do you have to leave today? Can you wait until tomorrow?
|
|
RESPONSE: Do you have to leave today, or can you wait until tomorrow?
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Could you lend me two dollars? Should I ask someone else?
|
|
RESPONSE: Could you lend me two dollars, or should I ask someone else?
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: The children can stay with Aunt Kate. They can come with us.
|
|
RESPONSE: The children can stay with Aunt Kate, or they can come with us.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Does Jan still want to study math in college? Has she changed her mind?
|
|
RESPONSE: Does Jan still want to study math in college, or has she changed her mind?
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §I'll Watch TV, or I'll Read a Book
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §I'll Watch TV, or I'll Read a Book
|
|
$PRODUCE Ask and Answer with "Or"
|
|
ID: l2-s30
|
|
INTRO: Now use "or" inside little conversations. Build the question or answer from the cues in parentheses and say it aloud.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Ask and answer questions in the dialog aloud. Use "or" and the cues.
|
|
INPUT: speak
|
|
CHECK: reveal
|
|
SHOW_PROMPT
|
|
|
|
EXAMPLE
|
|
PROMPT: Sam: What will you do this evening? / Pat: (read a book/watch TV)
|
|
RESPONSE: I'll read a book, or I'll watch TV.
|
|
|
|
EXAMPLE
|
|
PROMPT: Pat: (go to a movie/go shopping)
|
|
RESPONSE: Did you go to a movie, or did you go shopping?
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Ted: How will you get to your next base? / Tod: (fly/drive with a friend)
|
|
RESPONSE: I'll fly, or I'll drive with a friend.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: John: (accept university's offer/refuse it)? / Mike: I'll accept it.
|
|
RESPONSE: Will you accept the university's offer, or will you refuse it?
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Lucy: What will Donna do when she finishes high school? / Mary: (go to college/get a job)
|
|
RESPONSE: She'll go to college, or she'll get a job.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Al: (have car trouble/sleep late)? / Ed: I had car trouble.
|
|
RESPONSE: Did you have car trouble, or did you sleep late?
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Dan: Where can the students get that book? / Jan: (borrow from the library/buy at a store)
|
|
RESPONSE: They can borrow it from the library, or they can buy it at a store.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Carl: How can I apologize to Mr. Williams? / Mark: (call/write a letter)
|
|
RESPONSE: You can call, or you can write a letter.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Harry: (want to get married/plan to stay single)? / Larry: I plan to stay single for a few years.
|
|
RESPONSE: Do you want to get married, or do you plan to stay single?
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Kim: If Al doesn't have any cash, how can he pay for his meal? / Lou: (charge it/write a check)
|
|
RESPONSE: He can charge it, or he can write a check.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Wendy: What should I do with this flat tire? / Cindy: (repair it/replace it)
|
|
RESPONSE: You can repair it, or you can replace it.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Ken: (should write with a pen/can use pencil)? / Ben: You should write with a pen.
|
|
RESPONSE: Should I write with a pen, or can I use a pencil?
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2B Figure 3
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2B Figure 3
|
|
$SELECT Finish the Sentence
|
|
ID: 2b-f3
|
|
INTRO: You'll hear the first half of a sentence. Tap the "so" or "or" phrase that best completes it, then repeat the whole thing.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Tap the phrase that completes the sentence.
|
|
REPEAT
|
|
|
|
OPTION: a | so we didn't go to the lake.
|
|
OPTION: b | or he can retire.
|
|
OPTION: c | so his mother picked him up.
|
|
OPTION: d | or do you need to think it over?
|
|
OPTION: e | or he can take the bus.
|
|
OPTION: f | so she'll have to take a lot of medical courses.
|
|
OPTION: g | or she can stay in a motel.
|
|
OPTION: h | so he'll take courses in the field of education.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: The baby was crying. {bk12-l2b-f3-01-q.mp3}
|
|
ANSWER: c
|
|
FEEDBACK: {bk12-l2b-f3-01-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Fred can ride with me. {bk12-l2b-f3-02-q.mp3}
|
|
ANSWER: e
|
|
FEEDBACK: {bk12-l2b-f3-02-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Sergeant Richards can work 3 more years. {bk12-l2b-f3-03-q.mp3}
|
|
ANSWER: b
|
|
FEEDBACK: {bk12-l2b-f3-03-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Joanne wants to be a doctor. {bk12-l2b-f3-04-q.mp3}
|
|
ANSWER: f
|
|
FEEDBACK: {bk12-l2b-f3-04-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Can you accept my offer? {bk12-l2b-f3-05-q.mp3}
|
|
ANSWER: d
|
|
FEEDBACK: {bk12-l2b-f3-05-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Bob chose teaching as a career. {bk12-l2b-f3-06-q.mp3}
|
|
ANSWER: h
|
|
FEEDBACK: {bk12-l2b-f3-06-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: It was raining very hard. {bk12-l2b-f3-07-q.mp3}
|
|
ANSWER: a
|
|
FEEDBACK: {bk12-l2b-f3-07-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Julie can stay with her sister. {bk12-l2b-f3-08-q.mp3}
|
|
ANSWER: g
|
|
FEEDBACK: {bk12-l2b-f3-08-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2C Figure 3
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2C Figure 3
|
|
$SELECT Or or So?
|
|
ID: 2c-f3
|
|
INTRO: Listen to two sentences and decide which word joins them — OR for a choice, SO for a result. Then repeat the combined sentence.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Tap OR or SO.
|
|
REPEAT
|
|
OPTION: or | OR
|
|
OPTION: so | SO
|
|
|
|
EXAMPLE
|
|
PROMPT: Larry can drive all night. He can stay in a hotel. {bk12-l2c-f3-ex-q.mp3}
|
|
ANSWER: or
|
|
FEEDBACK: Larry can drive all night, or he can stay in a hotel. {bk12-l2c-f3-ex-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Jim woke up late. He arrived at work late. {bk12-l2c-f3-01-q.mp3}
|
|
ANSWER: so
|
|
FEEDBACK: Jim woke up late, so he arrived at work late. {bk12-l2c-f3-01-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Peter will not be here on Friday. He can't go to Tom's party. {bk12-l2c-f3-02-q.mp3}
|
|
ANSWER: so
|
|
FEEDBACK: Peter will not be here on Friday, so he can't go to Tom's party. {bk12-l2c-f3-02-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Alan can eat with us. He can eat with the Moors. {bk12-l2c-f3-03-q.mp3}
|
|
ANSWER: or
|
|
FEEDBACK: Alan can eat with us, or he can eat with the Moors. {bk12-l2c-f3-03-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Charlie borrowed $400. He can buy a plane ticket for his vacation. {bk12-l2c-f3-04-q.mp3}
|
|
ANSWER: so
|
|
FEEDBACK: Charlie borrowed $400, so he can buy a plane ticket for his vacation. {bk12-l2c-f3-04-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Captain Richards made a 95 on his quiz. He was very happy. {bk12-l2c-f3-05-q.mp3}
|
|
ANSWER: so
|
|
FEEDBACK: Captain Richards made a 95 on his quiz, so he was very happy. {bk12-l2c-f3-05-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Frank can work late tonight. He can come to work early tomorrow. {bk12-l2c-f3-06-q.mp3}
|
|
ANSWER: or
|
|
FEEDBACK: Frank can work late tonight, or he can come to work early tomorrow. {bk12-l2c-f3-06-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: George can help his dad with the yard. He can stay home Saturday night. {bk12-l2c-f3-07-q.mp3}
|
|
ANSWER: or
|
|
FEEDBACK: George can help his dad with the yard, or he can stay home Saturday night. {bk12-l2c-f3-07-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: You can use the stairs. You can use the escalator. {bk12-l2c-f3-08-q.mp3}
|
|
ANSWER: or
|
|
FEEDBACK: You can use the stairs, or you can use the escalator. {bk12-l2c-f3-08-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Combine With So or Or
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Combine With So or Or
|
|
$PRODUCE Combine with So or Or
|
|
ID: l2-s31
|
|
INTRO: Your turn to do the joining. Read the two sentences and say them as one, choosing "so" or "or" yourself.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Combine these two sentences aloud. Use "or" or "so".
|
|
INPUT: speak
|
|
CHECK: reveal
|
|
SHOW_PROMPT
|
|
|
|
EXAMPLE
|
|
PROMPT: We didn't like the movie. We left early.
|
|
RESPONSE: We didn't like the movie, so we left early.
|
|
|
|
EXAMPLE
|
|
PROMPT: The children can watch TV. They can go to a movie.
|
|
RESPONSE: The children can watch TV, or they can go to a movie.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: We can go out tonight. We can stay home.
|
|
RESPONSE: We can go out tonight, or we can stay home.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Albert didn't feel well. He didn't come to work today.
|
|
RESPONSE: Albert didn't feel well, so he didn't come to work today.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: The other driver can slow down. He can speed up.
|
|
RESPONSE: The other driver can slow down, or he can speed up.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Alan wants to be an airplane mechanic. He's going to a technical school.
|
|
RESPONSE: Alan wants to be an airplane mechanic, so he's going to a technical school.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Alice doesn't want to live in Houston. She's turning down the job offer.
|
|
RESPONSE: Alice doesn't want to live in Houston, so she's turning down the job offer.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: The students can rent a car. They can borrow one.
|
|
RESPONSE: The students can rent a car, or they can borrow one.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: The store manager can refund your money. He can credit your account.
|
|
RESPONSE: The store manager can refund your money, or he can credit your account.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Alicia's only in the fifth grade. She isn't worried about her future yet.
|
|
RESPONSE: Alicia's only in the fifth grade, so she isn't worried about her future yet.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Adam has decided to retire. This is his last tour of duty.
|
|
RESPONSE: Adam has decided to retire, so this is his last tour of duty.
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: You can return the dress to the store. You can exchange it for another one.
|
|
RESPONSE: You can return the dress to the store, or you can exchange it for another one.
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Ted's Feeling Better
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Ted's Feeling Better
|
|
$PRODUCE Combine with And, But, So, or Or
|
|
ID: l2-s32
|
|
INTRO: Last one for this part — type the combined sentence, using the conjunction in parentheses. Capital letters and punctuation count this time, so type carefully.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Type the combined sentence. Use the conjunction in parentheses.
|
|
INPUT: type
|
|
CHECK: exact
|
|
NORMALIZE: strict
|
|
|
|
EXAMPLE
|
|
TEMPLATE: Susan retired at age 62. Her husband kept working. (but)
|
|
RESPONSE: Susan retired at age 62, but her husband kept working.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: Tom refused to go to the party. His wife did, too. (and)
|
|
RESPONSE: Tom refused to go to the party, and his wife did, too.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: He didn't get the job. He cannot pay the rent. (so)
|
|
RESPONSE: He didn't get the job, so he cannot pay the rent.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: It's raining today. I will take my umbrella. (so)
|
|
RESPONSE: It's raining today, so I will take my umbrella.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: Will you go to college? Will you get a job? (or)
|
|
RESPONSE: Will you go to college, or will you get a job?
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: Alex went to college. Mary didn't. (but)
|
|
RESPONSE: Alex went to college, but Mary didn't.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: Tom wanted to be a doctor. He didn't want to go to college. (but)
|
|
RESPONSE: Tom wanted to be a doctor, but he didn't want to go to college.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: Tom learned English at the university. His future looks good. (and)
|
|
RESPONSE: Tom learned English at the university, and his future looks good.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: Did Alex select a career in mechanics? Did he select a career in the military? (or)
|
|
RESPONSE: Did Alex select a career in mechanics, or did he select a career in the military?
|
|
|
|
$LESSON 2-5: Talking About Decisions
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2D Vocabulary
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2D Vocabulary
|
|
$PRODUCE Career Words: Listen and Answer
|
|
ID: 12-l2d-vocab
|
|
INTRO: In this part you'll put your decision words to work in real conversations. First, a review by ear: listen to each word and its example, then answer the question aloud.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Answer the question aloud.
|
|
INPUT: speak
|
|
CHECK: reveal
|
|
REPEAT
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Career. Larry wants a career in the military. He wants to work in the military for 20 years. What does Larry want? {bk12-l2d-f1-01.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: He wants a career in the military. {bk12-l2d-f1-01b.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Choice. Tom has a choice. He can be a lawyer, or he can be a teacher. What does Tom have? {bk12-l2d-f1-02.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: He has a choice. {bk12-l2d-f1-02b.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Courses. Janet is going to take 5 courses next year. She will have 5 classes. What is Janet going to take next year? {bk12-l2d-f1-03.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: She's going to take 5 courses. {bk12-l2d-f1-03b.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Professional. Pele was a professional soccer player. He played for money. Who was Pele? {bk12-l2d-f1-04.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: He was a professional soccer player. {bk12-l2d-f1-04b.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Medical. My brother is going to medical school. He's going to be a doctor. What is your brother doing? {bk12-l2d-f1-05.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: He's going to medical school. {bk12-l2d-f1-05b.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Degree. Harold graduated from the university last month. He got his degree in history. What did Harold get his degree in? {bk12-l2d-f1-06.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: He got his degree in history. {bk12-l2d-f1-06b.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: High school. John will be 18 years old when he finishes his last year of high school. How old will John be when he finishes high school? {bk12-l2d-f1-07.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: He'll be 18 when he finishes high school. {bk12-l2d-f1-07b.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Technical. Roger finished technical school. He learned how to fix cars. What did Roger learn in technical school? {bk12-l2d-f1-08.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: He learned how to fix cars. {bk12-l2d-f1-08b.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Talk over. Her husband wants to buy a new car. They're going to talk it over tonight. Is her husband going to buy a new car? {bk12-l2d-f1-09.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: I don't know. They're going to talk it over tonight. {bk12-l2d-f1-09b.mp3}
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2D Figures 1 & 2 (dialogue)
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2D Figures 1 & 2 (dialogue)
|
|
$DIALOGUE School Is Out
|
|
ID: 12-l2d-f1
|
|
INTRO: Jack and Don are finishing their last week of school, and Jack already has his future mapped out. Just listen.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.
|
|
|
|
Jack: Well, Don, Friday is our last day. {bk12-l2d-f1-10.mp3}
|
|
Don: Yeah, Jack, it is. What are you going to do now that school is out? {bk12-l2d-f1-11.mp3}
|
|
Jack: I've been accepted at the university. I'll start there in September. {bk12-l2d-f1-12.mp3}
|
|
Don: What courses will you take? {bk12-l2d-f1-13.mp3}
|
|
Jack: I have chosen business as my career field, so I'll take the courses they offer for that field. {bk12-l2d-f1-14.mp3}
|
|
Don: It sounds like you have a good future ahead of you. {bk12-l2d-f1-15.mp3}
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2D Figure 1 (role-play, Don)
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2D Figure 1 (role-play, Don)
|
|
$PRODUCE Play Don's Part
|
|
ID: 12-l2d-f1-b
|
|
INPUT: speak
|
|
CHECK: reveal
|
|
INTRO: Now you're Don, asking about Jack's plans. Listen to Jack, then say your line aloud.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Read Don's lines aloud.
|
|
REPEAT
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Well, Don, Friday is our last day. {bk12-l2d-f1-10.mp3}
|
|
TEMPLATE: Yeah, Jack, it is. What are you going to do now that school is out?
|
|
RESPONSE: Yeah, Jack, it is. What are you going to do now that school is out? {bk12-l2d-f1-11.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: I've been accepted at the university. I'll start there in September. {bk12-l2d-f1-12.mp3}
|
|
TEMPLATE: What courses will you take?
|
|
RESPONSE: What courses will you take? {bk12-l2d-f1-13.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: I have chosen business as my career field, so I'll take the courses they offer for that field. {bk12-l2d-f1-14.mp3}
|
|
TEMPLATE: It sounds like you have a good future ahead of you.
|
|
RESPONSE: It sounds like you have a good future ahead of you. {bk12-l2d-f1-15.mp3}
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2D Figure 2 (role-play, Jack)
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2D Figure 2 (role-play, Jack)
|
|
$PRODUCE Play Jack's Part: School Is Out
|
|
ID: 12-l2d-f2
|
|
INPUT: speak
|
|
CHECK: reveal
|
|
INTRO: Switch roles — now you're Jack, the one with the plan. You begin the conversation.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Read Jack's lines aloud.
|
|
REPEAT
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: Well, Don, Friday is our last day.
|
|
RESPONSE: Well, Don, Friday is our last day. {bk12-l2d-f1-10.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Yeah, Jack, it is. What are you going to do now that school is out? {bk12-l2d-f1-11.mp3}
|
|
TEMPLATE: I've been accepted at the university. I'll start there in September.
|
|
RESPONSE: I've been accepted at the university. I'll start there in September. {bk12-l2d-f1-12.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: What courses will you take? {bk12-l2d-f1-13.mp3}
|
|
TEMPLATE: I have chosen business as my career field, so I'll take the courses they offer for that field.
|
|
RESPONSE: I have chosen business as my career field, so I'll take the courses they offer for that field. {bk12-l2d-f1-14.mp3}
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2D Figures 3 & 4 (dialogue)
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2D Figures 3 & 4 (dialogue)
|
|
$DIALOGUE A Job Offer
|
|
ID: 12-l2d-f3
|
|
INTRO: A son comes home with a job offer, and his mother is ready to talk it over — whether he wants to or not. Just listen.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.
|
|
|
|
Son: Mom, I got a job offer from the phone company today. {bk12-l2d-f2-01.mp3}
|
|
Mom: Is it a good offer? {bk12-l2d-f2-02.mp3}
|
|
Son: I think so. It pays $75 more a month than the job I have now, and they will pay me for any college courses that help me with the job. {bk12-l2d-f2-03.mp3}
|
|
Mom: It sounds good. {bk12-l2d-f2-04.mp3}
|
|
Son: Well, I'll think it over. They don't need an answer until Wednesday. {bk12-l2d-f2-05.mp3}
|
|
Mom: Just remember, I'm here if you want to discuss it. {bk12-l2d-f2-06.mp3}
|
|
Son: Thanks, Mom. {bk12-l2d-f2-07.mp3}
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2D Figure 3 (role-play, Mom)
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2D Figure 3 (role-play, Mom)
|
|
$PRODUCE Play Mom's Part
|
|
ID: 12-l2d-f3-b
|
|
INPUT: speak
|
|
CHECK: reveal
|
|
INTRO: Now you're the mother. Listen to your son, then say your line aloud.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Read the mother's lines aloud.
|
|
REPEAT
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Mom, I got a job offer from the phone company today. {bk12-l2d-f2-01.mp3}
|
|
TEMPLATE: Is it a good offer?
|
|
RESPONSE: Is it a good offer? {bk12-l2d-f2-02.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: I think so. It pays $75 more a month than the job I have now, and they will pay me for any college courses that help me with the job. {bk12-l2d-f2-03.mp3}
|
|
TEMPLATE: It sounds good.
|
|
RESPONSE: It sounds good. {bk12-l2d-f2-04.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Well, I'll think it over. They don't need an answer until Wednesday. {bk12-l2d-f2-05.mp3}
|
|
TEMPLATE: Just remember, I'm here if you want to discuss it.
|
|
RESPONSE: Just remember, I'm here if you want to discuss it. {bk12-l2d-f2-06.mp3}
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2D Figure 4 (role-play, Son)
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2D Figure 4 (role-play, Son)
|
|
$PRODUCE Play the Son's Part
|
|
ID: 12-l2d-f4
|
|
INPUT: speak
|
|
CHECK: reveal
|
|
INTRO: Switch roles — this time you're the son with the offer. You begin the conversation.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Read the son's lines aloud.
|
|
REPEAT
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: Mom, I got a job offer from the phone company today.
|
|
RESPONSE: Mom, I got a job offer from the phone company today. {bk12-l2d-f2-01.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Is it a good offer? {bk12-l2d-f2-02.mp3}
|
|
TEMPLATE: I think so. It pays seventy-five dollars more a month than the job I have now. And they will pay for any college courses that help me with the job.
|
|
RESPONSE: I think so. It pays $75 more a month than the job I have now, and they will pay me for any college courses that help me with the job. {bk12-l2d-f2-03.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: It sounds good. {bk12-l2d-f2-04.mp3}
|
|
TEMPLATE: Well, I'll think it over. They don't need an answer until Wednesday.
|
|
RESPONSE: Well, I'll think it over. They don't need an answer until Wednesday. {bk12-l2d-f2-05.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Just remember, I'm here if you want to discuss it. {bk12-l2d-f2-06.mp3}
|
|
TEMPLATE: Thanks, Mom.
|
|
RESPONSE: Thanks, Mom. {bk12-l2d-f2-07.mp3}
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2D Figures 5 & 6 (dialogue)
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2D Figures 5 & 6 (dialogue)
|
|
$DIALOGUE A New Car
|
|
ID: 12-l2d-f5
|
|
INTRO: Tony's car has finally made the decision for him — a $600 repair bill will do that. Listen to him and Glen.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Listen to the dialogue.
|
|
|
|
Glen: Hey Tony, you really need a new car. {bk12-l2d-f4-01.mp3}
|
|
Tony: I know, Glenn. Last night when the mechanic told me that I needed $600 to fix it, I decided to buy a new car. {bk12-l2d-f4-02.mp3}
|
|
Glen: What kind are you going to buy? {bk12-l2d-f4-03.mp3}
|
|
Tony: I've decided to buy an American car. They're easier for mechanics to repair. {bk12-l2d-f4-04.mp3}
|
|
Glen: Bring it to my house when you get it. I want to ride in it. {bk12-l2d-f4-05.mp3}
|
|
Tony: Okay, Glenn. See you in about 2 weeks. {bk12-l2d-f4-06.mp3}
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2D Figure 5 (role-play, Tony)
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2D Figure 5 (role-play, Tony)
|
|
$PRODUCE Play Tony's Part
|
|
ID: 12-l2d-f5-b
|
|
INPUT: speak
|
|
CHECK: reveal
|
|
INTRO: Now you're Tony, the man buying the car. Listen to Glen, then say your line aloud.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Read Tony's lines aloud.
|
|
REPEAT
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Hey Tony, you really need a new car. {bk12-l2d-f4-01.mp3}
|
|
TEMPLATE: I know, Glen. Last night when the mechanic told me that I needed six hundred dollars to fix it, I decided to buy a new car.
|
|
RESPONSE: I know, Glenn. Last night when the mechanic told me that I needed $600 to fix it, I decided to buy a new car. {bk12-l2d-f4-02.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: What kind are you going to buy? {bk12-l2d-f4-03.mp3}
|
|
TEMPLATE: I've decided to buy an American car. They're easier for mechanics to repair.
|
|
RESPONSE: I've decided to buy an American car. They're easier for mechanics to repair. {bk12-l2d-f4-04.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Bring it to my house when you get it. I want to ride in it. {bk12-l2d-f4-05.mp3}
|
|
TEMPLATE: Okay, Glen. See you in about two weeks.
|
|
RESPONSE: Okay, Glenn. See you in about 2 weeks. {bk12-l2d-f4-06.mp3}
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2D Figure 6 (role-play, Glen)
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2D Figure 6 (role-play, Glen)
|
|
$PRODUCE Play Glen's Part
|
|
ID: 12-l2d-f6
|
|
INPUT: speak
|
|
CHECK: reveal
|
|
INTRO: Switch roles — you're Glen, who mostly wants a ride in the new car. You begin the conversation.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Read Glen's lines aloud.
|
|
REPEAT
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: Hey, Tony, you really need a new car.
|
|
RESPONSE: Hey Tony, you really need a new car. {bk12-l2d-f4-01.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: I know, Glenn. Last night when the mechanic told me that I needed $600 to fix it, I decided to buy a new car. {bk12-l2d-f4-02.mp3}
|
|
TEMPLATE: What kind are you going to buy?
|
|
RESPONSE: What kind are you going to buy? {bk12-l2d-f4-03.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: I've decided to buy an American car. They're easier for mechanics to repair. {bk12-l2d-f4-04.mp3}
|
|
TEMPLATE: Bring it to my house when you get it. I want a ride in it.
|
|
RESPONSE: Bring it to my house when you get it. I want to ride in it. {bk12-l2d-f4-05.mp3}
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Why Did You Do That?
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Why Did You Do That?
|
|
$DIALOGUE Why Did You Do That?
|
|
ID: l2-s33
|
|
INTRO: Tim has made up his mind about a job offer — Denver, not Dallas. Joe wants to know everything. Listen and repeat.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Repeat and read the dialog.
|
|
REPEAT
|
|
|
|
Joe: What did you decide to do about the job offers?
|
|
Tim: I've decided to take the one in Denver.
|
|
|
|
Joe: Instead of the one in Dallas? Why did you do that?
|
|
Tim: The pay is good, and I can take some courses there.
|
|
|
|
Joe: When do you plan to leave?
|
|
Tim: Sometime next month.
|
|
|
|
Joe: How are you going to get there? By plane?
|
|
Tim: No, I'm going to take my car instead.
|
|
|
|
Joe: Where are you going to live in Denver?
|
|
Tim: I haven't made up my mind yet.
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §What Did You Decide?
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §What Did You Decide?
|
|
$DIALOGUE Asking About Decisions
|
|
ID: l2-s34
|
|
INTRO: Here's your toolbox for asking about other people's decisions. Listen and repeat each question.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Repeat and read these questions about decisions.
|
|
REPEAT
|
|
|
|
LINE: What did you decide?
|
|
LINE: What are you going to do?
|
|
LINE: What have you decided to do?
|
|
LINE: Have you made up your mind?
|
|
LINE: Have you made a decision?
|
|
LINE: Have you changed your mind?
|
|
LINE: Where have you decided to go?
|
|
LINE: Which offer are you going to accept?
|
|
LINE: Did you decide to do it?
|
|
LINE: Did you decide not to do it?
|
|
LINE: When are you going to do it?
|
|
LINE: Why did you make that choice?
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §I've Decided to Take the Job
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §I've Decided to Take the Job
|
|
$DIALOGUE Announcing Decisions
|
|
ID: l2-s36
|
|
INTRO: And here's the other side — how to announce a decision once you've made one. Listen and repeat.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Repeat and read these sentences about decisions.
|
|
REPEAT
|
|
|
|
LINE: I've decided to take the job.
|
|
LINE: I finally made up my mind. I'm going to refuse the offer.
|
|
LINE: I've changed my mind. I'm not going to buy a car.
|
|
LINE: I've made a decision. I'm going to finish my education.
|
|
LINE: I've made up my mind. I'm going to go to the university.
|
|
LINE: I've made a choice between courses. I'm going to take German instead of French.
|
|
LINE: I've thought it over carefully. I'm not going to take German. I'm going to take French instead.
|
|
LINE: I've made a decision. I'm going to turn down the offer.
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Have You Made Up Your Mind?
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Have You Made Up Your Mind?
|
|
$PRODUCE Ask About the Decision
|
|
ID: l2-s35
|
|
INTRO: Read each situation, then ask the person a question about their decision — any correct question that fits the situation works.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Read the information, and then ask a question about the decision aloud.
|
|
INPUT: speak
|
|
CHECK: llm
|
|
SHOW_PROMPT
|
|
RUBRIC: The learner must ask a grammatically correct question about the decision relevant to the prompted situation.
|
|
|
|
EXAMPLE
|
|
PROMPT: Your friend is trying to select a college.
|
|
RESPONSE: Have you made up your mind about a college?
|
|
|
|
EXAMPLE
|
|
PROMPT: Your sister is trying to choose a car.
|
|
RESPONSE: Which car did you decide to buy?
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Your friend lives on base. He wants to move off base, so he is looking for an apartment.
|
|
RESPONSE: Have you decided on an apartment?
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Your friend has talked to you about his vacation. He has been thinking about two different places.
|
|
RESPONSE: Which place have you decided to go to for your vacation?
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Your friend will be graduating from high school soon. She wants to be a mechanic. She is thinking about two different technical schools.
|
|
RESPONSE: Have you made up your mind about which technical school to go to?
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Your friend has just received a job offer from a large department store. You want to know what she will decide.
|
|
RESPONSE: Have you decided to accept the job offer?
|
|
|
|
# SKIPPED (book): "WHAT ARE YOU GOING TO DO?" (answer instructor-read open questions) and "WHO? WHAT? WHEN? WHERE? WHY? HOW?" (open pair task) — instructor-led / pair activities with no solo path.
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §I've Made My Decision
|
|
|
|
# SKIPPED (book): "WHAT ARE YOU GOING TO DO?" (answer instructor-read open questions) and "WHO? WHAT? WHEN? WHERE? WHY? HOW?" (open pair task) — instructor-led / pair activities with no solo path.
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §I've Made My Decision
|
|
$PRODUCE I've Made My Decision
|
|
ID: l2-s37
|
|
INTRO: Now put questions and answers together in one conversation. Read what each person wants to know and what the other decided, then act out the whole exchange aloud.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Read the chart aloud by asking and answering questions about the decision.
|
|
INPUT: speak
|
|
CHECK: reveal
|
|
|
|
EXAMPLE
|
|
TEMPLATE: Al wants to know: Is Ed going to take a vacation? / when? / where? / who? / why? / how?
|
|
TEMPLATE: Ed has decided: He is going on a vacation. / the beach / with family / fly / in the winter / Florida
|
|
RESPONSE: Have you made a decision about a vacation? Yes, I've decided to take two weeks. Where did you decide to go? We're thinking of going to Florida. Is your family going with you? Yes, the kids want to go to the beach. When are you going? In the winter. Are you going to drive or fly? We'll fly down.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: John wants to know: Is Paul going to rent a house or an apartment? / when? / where? / why? / how many?
|
|
TEMPLATE: Paul has decided: He is going to rent a house. / needs more rooms / near work / three bedrooms / next week
|
|
RESPONSE: Are you going to rent a house or an apartment? I am going to rent a house. When are you going to rent it? Next week. Where will it be? Near work. Why a house? Because I need more rooms. How many bedrooms? Three bedrooms.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: Sam wants to know: Is Pat going to buy a new or a used car? / when? / where? / how much / why?
|
|
TEMPLATE: Pat has decided: He is going to buy a new car. / cheaper / this month / about $8,000 / in Houston
|
|
RESPONSE: Are you going to buy a new or a used car? I'm going to buy a new car. When are you buying it? This month. Where are you going to buy it? In Houston. How much will it cost? About $8,000. Why in Houston? Because it's cheaper.
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: Mark wants to know: Is Nick going to college? / when? / where? / why? / how?
|
|
TEMPLATE: Nick has decided: He's going to a university. / less expensive / fly / in the fall / state university
|
|
RESPONSE: Are you going to college? I'm going to a university. When are you going? In the fall. Where is it? It's a state university. Why are you going there? Because it's less expensive. How will you get there? I'll fly.
|
|
|
|
$LESSON 2-6: Putting It Together
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2D Figure 7 (reading)
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2D Figure 7 (reading)
|
|
$GRAMMAR Reading: Carl and Patty
|
|
ID: 12-l2d-f7
|
|
INTRO: Last part — everything from this lesson working together: reading, listening, and a dictation. Start by reading these two short paragraphs; questions follow.
|
|
|
|
**Paragraph 1**
|
|
|
|
Carl just graduated from high school. He will go to a university next fall. He has chosen teaching as his profession. He will take courses in English, math, and, of course, education.
|
|
|
|
**Paragraph 2**
|
|
|
|
Patty is a teacher. She has two teaching fields. She teaches English, and she teaches German. She has four classes of English and two classes of German.
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2D Figure 7 (questions)
|
|
|
|
# Source: LLA 2D Figure 7 (questions)
|
|
$PRODUCE Questions About Carl and Patty
|
|
ID: 12-l2d-f7-b
|
|
REFERENCE
|
|
INPUT: speak
|
|
CHECK: reveal
|
|
INTRO: Now answer the questions about Carl and Patty aloud. Short answers are fine — the paragraphs are there if you need them.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Answer the questions.
|
|
REPEAT
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: Where will Carl go next fall? {bk12-l2d-f7-01-q.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: A university. {bk12-l2d-f7-01-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: What has he chosen as his profession? {bk12-l2d-f7-02-q.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: Teaching. {bk12-l2d-f7-02-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: What courses will he take? {bk12-l2d-f7-03-q.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: English, math, and education. {bk12-l2d-f7-03-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: What is Patty's profession? {bk12-l2d-f7-04-q.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: Teacher. {bk12-l2d-f7-04-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: What are her two teaching fields? {bk12-l2d-f7-05-q.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: English and German. {bk12-l2d-f7-05-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: How many classes of English does she have? {bk12-l2d-f7-06-q.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: Four. {bk12-l2d-f7-06-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
PROMPT: How many classes of German does she have? {bk12-l2d-f7-07-q.mp3}
|
|
RESPONSE: Two. {bk12-l2d-f7-07-a.mp3}
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Select the Meaning
|
|
|
|
# Source: ST §Select the Meaning
|
|
$SELECT Select the Meaning
|
|
ID: l2-s19
|
|
INTRO: Read each sentence and use the context to figure out what the underlined word means. Then tap the closest meaning.
|
|
INSTRUCTION: Tap the word with the same meaning as the emphasized word.
|
|
|
|
EXAMPLE
|
|
TEMPLATE: Tony used an *almanac* in the library to find out more about the country of Kuwait.
|
|
OPTION: a | a kind of tool
|
|
OPTION: b | a kind of radio
|
|
OPTION: c | a kind of book
|
|
ANSWER: c
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: Everyone enjoyed the wedding *reception* which was held at the Ronco Hotel.
|
|
OPTION: a | party
|
|
OPTION: b | meeting
|
|
OPTION: c | show
|
|
ANSWER: a
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: I had a good *idea* last night about how to fix this radio, but now I can't remember it.
|
|
OPTION: a | a tool
|
|
OPTION: b | some money
|
|
OPTION: c | a thought
|
|
ANSWER: c
|
|
|
|
TEMPLATE: The animals were put in the *barn* to keep them dry during the storm.
|
|
OPTION: a | a building
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OPTION: b | a park
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OPTION: c | a yard
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ANSWER: a
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TEMPLATE: She wants to be near her job. She doesn't like to live in the city, so she lives on the *outskirts*.
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OPTION: a | a place near a city
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OPTION: b | a place far from a city
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OPTION: c | a place in a city
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ANSWER: a
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TEMPLATE: They got a *bargain* at the store, so they had enough money to go to the movies.
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OPTION: a | something bought expensively
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OPTION: b | something bought cheaply
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OPTION: c | something fixed
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ANSWER: b
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# Source: LLA 2B Figure 5
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# Source: LLA 2B Figure 5
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$SELECT Same Meaning
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ID: 2b-f5
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INTRO: Same skill, now by ear. Listen to the sentence, then tap the statement that means the same thing, and repeat the answer.
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INSTRUCTION: Tap the statement with the same meaning.
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REPEAT
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PROMPT: The coach said they had to practice again on Wednesday. {bk12-l2b-f5-01-q.mp3}
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OPTION: a | A coach teaches people sports.
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OPTION: b | A coach is a policeman.
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OPTION: c | A coach is a soldier in the Army.
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ANSWER: a
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FEEDBACK: {bk12-l2b-f5-01-a.mp3}
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PROMPT: Sally doubts that she can come to dinner. She's not feeling well. {bk12-l2b-f5-02-q.mp3}
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OPTION: a | Sally thinks she can come.
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OPTION: b | Sally doesn't think she can come.
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OPTION: c | Sally doesn't want to come.
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ANSWER: b
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FEEDBACK: {bk12-l2b-f5-02-a.mp3}
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PROMPT: That new high school needs a stadium for their football, soccer, and baseball games. {bk12-l2b-f5-03-q.mp3}
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OPTION: a | The school needs a place to eat.
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OPTION: b | The school needs a quiet place to study.
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OPTION: c | The school needs a place to play sports.
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ANSWER: c
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FEEDBACK: {bk12-l2b-f5-03-a.mp3}
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PROMPT: Henry got several presents for his birthday. He got a bicycle, a watch, and two small trucks. {bk12-l2b-f5-04-q.mp3}
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OPTION: a | Henry ate lots of cake.
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OPTION: b | Henry got lots of gifts.
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OPTION: c | Henry spent lots of money.
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ANSWER: b
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FEEDBACK: {bk12-l2b-f5-04-a.mp3}
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PROMPT: Mary Lou bought 3 necklaces, 4 rings, and 2 pairs of earrings. {bk12-l2b-f5-05-q.mp3}
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OPTION: a | Mary Lou bought lots of jewelry.
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OPTION: b | Mary Lou bought lots of clothes.
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OPTION: c | Mary Lou bought lots of food.
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ANSWER: a
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FEEDBACK: {bk12-l2b-f5-05-a.mp3}
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# Source: LLA 2D Figure 8
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# Source: LLA 2D Figure 8
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$SELECT How Do They Feel?
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ID: 12-l2d-f8
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INTRO: Listen to each short exchange and decide how the person feels. Nobody in these dialogs is having a great day.
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INSTRUCTION: Tap the correct feeling.
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PROMPT: Sergeant Matthews, it's 12:45 and I haven't had lunch yet. — Don't worry, Sergeant Adams. I'll wait here until you come back. — Sergeant Adams is... {bk12-l2d-f8-01.mp3}
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OPTION: a | sick
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OPTION: b | hungry {bk12-l2d-f8-01-a.mp3}
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OPTION: c | excited
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ANSWER: b
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PROMPT: Mark, wake up. It's after 7. Your bus will be here in 30 minutes. — Mom, my stomach hurts. I want to stay home today. — Mark is... {bk12-l2d-f8-02.mp3}
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OPTION: a | angry
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OPTION: b | early
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OPTION: c | sick {bk12-l2d-f8-02-a.mp3}
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ANSWER: c
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PROMPT: Carla! I've been accepted at the university. — That's great, Lori. — Lori is... {bk12-l2d-f8-03.mp3}
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OPTION: a | happy {bk12-l2d-f8-03-a.mp3}
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OPTION: b | upset
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OPTION: c | sad
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ANSWER: a
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PROMPT: Private Walters, I told you to clean this floor. — I'm sorry, Sergeant Allen. I thought you said to clean this door. — Sergeant Allen is... {bk12-l2d-f8-04.mp3}
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OPTION: a | excited
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OPTION: b | sad
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OPTION: c | angry {bk12-l2d-f8-04-a.mp3}
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ANSWER: c
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PROMPT: Hey, Jack. Your yard really looks nice. — Thanks. It took me all day to do it. It was a lot of work. — Jack is... {bk12-l2d-f8-05.mp3}
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OPTION: a | sick
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OPTION: b | tired {bk12-l2d-f8-05-a.mp3}
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OPTION: c | glad
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ANSWER: b
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# Source: LLA 2C Figure 4
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# Source: LLA 2C Figure 4
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$PRODUCE Dictation: Mark in California
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ID: 2c-f4
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INPUT: type
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CHECK: exact
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INTRO: Time for dictation. You'll hear a paragraph one piece at a time — type exactly what you hear.
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INSTRUCTION: Type the sentence you hear.
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PROMPT: Mark lived in California for six years. {bk12-l2c-f4-01-q.mp3}
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RESPONSE: Mark lived in California for 6 years. {bk12-l2c-f4-01-a.mp3}
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ACCEPT: Mark lived in California for six years.
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PROMPT: The climate was wonderful. {bk12-l2c-f4-02-q.mp3}
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RESPONSE: The climate was wonderful. {bk12-l2c-f4-02-a.mp3}
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PROMPT: There was only a little humidity. {bk12-l2c-f4-03-q.mp3}
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RESPONSE: There was only a little humidity. {bk12-l2c-f4-03-a.mp3}
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PROMPT: There was a nice sea breeze, and the temperatures were always warm. {bk12-l2c-f4-04-q.mp3}
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RESPONSE: There was a nice sea breeze, and the temperatures were always warm. {bk12-l2c-f4-04-a.mp3}
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PROMPT: The beaches were full of people who were having a good time. {bk12-l2c-f4-05-q.mp3}
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RESPONSE: The beaches were full of people who were having a good time. {bk12-l2c-f4-05-a.mp3}
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PROMPT: He really enjoyed the six years he was there. {bk12-l2c-f4-06-q.mp3}
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RESPONSE: He really enjoyed the 6 years he was there. {bk12-l2c-f4-06-a.mp3}
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ACCEPT: He really enjoyed the six years he was there.
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# Source: LLA 2D Figure 9
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# Source: LLA 2D Figure 9
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$PRODUCE What's the Main Idea?
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ID: 12-l2d-f9
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INPUT: type
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CHECK: llm
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INTRO: One last task: listen to a short paragraph and type its main idea in your own words. Then this lesson is officially behind you — a decision you can be happy with.
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INSTRUCTION: Type the main idea.
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RUBRIC: Accept any reasonable summary indicating that learning a language takes time and hard work but is achievable with daily practice.
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PROMPT: Learning a language is not easy. It takes a lot of time and lots of hard work. You must practice speaking, reading, and writing the new language as often as you can. You must learn to think in that language, not in your own. If you study every day, you'll be speaking this new language very soon. {bk12-l2d-f9-01.mp3}
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RESPONSE: The main idea is that learning a new language isn't easy, but if you study hard, you can do it.
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# SKIPPED (book): Listening/Reading Skill "SUMMARIES" (read each paragraph, give an oral summary) — paragraph composition/summarizing is deferred.
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