Restore curly braces for translation protection in text; keep quotes only in titles

001 - Introduction of Reading.module

@@ -13,91 +13,91 @@ $LESSON Section 1: Vowels a, e, i, o, u
 $GRAMMAR Vowel Pronunciation Rules
 INTRO: Let's learn about the basic German vowels: a, e, i, o, and u.
 
-**a.** The letter "a" stands for short "a" or long "a".
+**a.** The letter {a} stands for short {a} or long {a}.
 
-It stands for short "a" in:
+It stands for short {a} in:
 - {als}
 - {fast}
 - {Garten}
 
-It stands for long "a" in:
+It stands for long {a} in:
 - {da}
 - {Rat}
 - {fragen}
 
-"ah" and "aa" always stand for long "a":
+{ah} and {aa} always stand for long {a}:
 - {nah}, {lahm}, {Bahn}
 - {Maat}, {Paar}, {Saal}
 
-**b.** The letter "e" stands for extra-short "e", short "e", or long "e".
+**b.** The letter {e} stands for extra-short {e}, short {e}, or long {e}.
 
-It stands for extra-short "e" in (occurs only in unstressed syllables):
+It stands for extra-short {e} in (occurs only in unstressed syllables):
 - {habe}
 - {bekannt}
 - {getan}
 
-It stands for short "e" in:
+It stands for short {e} in:
 - {elf}
 - {denn}
 - {nett}
 - {rennt}
 - {fest}
 
-It stands for long "e" in:
+It stands for long {e} in:
 - {den}
 - {leben}
 - {Feder}
 
-"eh" and "ee" always stand for long "e":
+{eh} and {ee} always stand for long {e}:
 - {Reh}, {geht}, {fehlt}
 - {Tee}, {Beet}, {Meer}
 
-**c.** The letter "i" stands for short "i" and long "i".
+**c.** The letter {i} stands for short {i} and long {i}.
 
-It stands for short "i" in:
+It stands for short {i} in:
 - {ist}
 - {Hilfe}
 - {bitte}
 
-It stands for long "i" in:
+It stands for long {i} in:
 - {Igel}
 - {Bibel}
 - {Tiger}
 
-"ie", "ih", and "ieh" always stand for long "i":
+{ie}, {ih}, and {ieh} always stand for long {i}:
 - {die}, {lieber}, {fliegen}
 - {ihm}, {ihnen}, {ihre}
 - {sieht}, {fliehen}, {empfiehlt}
 
-**d.** The letter "o" stands for short "o" and long "o".
+**d.** The letter {o} stands for short {o} and long {o}.
 
-It stands for short "o" in:
+It stands for short {o} in:
 - {oft}
 - {konnte}
 - {Posten}
 
-It stands for long "o" in:
+It stands for long {o} in:
 - {oder}
 - {tot}
 - {loben}
 
-"oh" and "oo" always stand for long "o":
+{oh} and {oo} always stand for long {o}:
 - {roh}, {Sohn}, {Kohle}
 - {Boot}, {Moos}, {Moor}
 
-**e.** The letter "u" stands for short "u" and long "u".
+**e.** The letter {u} stands for short {u} and long {u}.
 
-It stands for short "u" in:
+It stands for short {u} in:
 - {bunt}
 - {Butter}
 - {drucken}
 
-It stands for long "u" in:
+It stands for long {u} in:
 - {tun}
 - {nur}
 - {guten}
 
-"uh" always stands for long "u":
+{uh} always stands for long {u}:
 - {Kuh}, {Uhr}, {ruht}
 
 $DIALOGUE Sight Reading Exercise 1

003 - Lesson 02 - Social Courtesies.module

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ INTRO: This lesson introduces the "ach" sound.
 The last sound in {ach} (called "ach"-Laut) is produced similarly to the "ich"-Laut from Lesson 1, but farther back in the mouth. It occurs only after the back vowels (a, o, u, au) and is formed in the vicinity of the preceding vowel.
 
 **Articulation Exercise:**
-To produce the "ach"-Laut, say "u" (as in {Buch}) and notice where the back of your tongue is positioned near the soft palate. Now, keeping your tongue close to the soft palate, exhale forcefully so that you hear friction as the air passes through the narrow gap. This friction sound is the "ach"-Laut. Practice by saying {Buch} — start with "b-u" and finish with this back-of-the-throat friction sound.
+To produce the "ach"-Laut, say {u} (as in {Buch}) and notice where the back of your tongue is positioned near the soft palate. Now, keeping your tongue close to the soft palate, exhale forcefully so that you hear friction as the air passes through the narrow gap. This friction sound is the "ach"-Laut. Practice by saying {Buch} — start with "b-u" and finish with this back-of-the-throat friction sound.
 
 $LESSON Section 2: Pronunciation
 

004 - Lesson 03 - Introductions.module

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ The German possessives are:
 
 Again, the forms without final "e" are used before {der} and {das} nouns, while the forms with final "e" are used before {die} nouns.
 
-Also covered in this lesson is the German sound "ü", a rounded front vowel that may be unfamiliar. It can be both long and short.
+Also covered in this lesson is the German sound {ü}, a rounded front vowel that may be unfamiliar. It can be both long and short.
 
 $LESSON Section 2: Pronunciation
 $GRAMMAR Pronunciation: Long ü
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ Notice the difference between words without and with the short ü sound:
 - {bitte} vs. {Bütte}
 
 ### Articulation
-To produce the short ü, say a short "i" sound (as in {mit}). Keep your tongue in this position, but round your lips firmly. The combination of the short "i" tongue position with rounded lips produces the German short ü. Practice with the word {dünn}. Isolate the short ü sound and pronounce it a number of times by itself.
+To produce the short ü, say a short {i} sound (as in {mit}). Keep your tongue in this position, but round your lips firmly. The combination of the short {i} tongue position with rounded lips produces the German short ü. Practice with the word {dünn}. Isolate the short ü sound and pronounce it a number of times by itself.
 
 $DIALOGUE Repetition Drill - Short ü
 INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat each word.

005 - Lesson 04 - Daily Activities.module

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ In German sentences the verb is in second position (except in yes-or-no question
 2. {Hier lernt der Schüler Deutsch.}
 3. {Deutsch lernt der Schüler hier.}
 
-Also covered in this lesson is the German sound "ö", a rounded front vowel that may be unfamiliar. It can be both long and short.
+Also covered in this lesson is the German sound {ö}, a rounded front vowel that may be unfamiliar. It can be both long and short.
 
 $GRAMMAR Homework
 INSTRUCTION: Complete the following assignment.
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ RESPONSE: flösse
 $GRAMMAR Articulation Exercise: Short ö
 INSTRUCTION: Follow these instructions to produce the short ö sound.
 
-To produce the short ö, say a short "e" sound (as in {Bett}). Keep your tongue in this position, but round your lips firmly. The combination of the short "e" tongue position with rounded lips produces the German short ö. Practice with the word {Böcken}. Isolate the short ö sound and pronounce it a number of times by itself.
+To produce the short ö, say a short {e} sound (as in {Bett}). Keep your tongue in this position, but round your lips firmly. The combination of the short {e} tongue position with rounded lips produces the German short ö. Practice with the word {Böcken}. Isolate the short ö sound and pronounce it a number of times by itself.
 
 $DIALOGUE Repetition Drill: Short ö
 INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat the words.

006 - Lesson 05 - In the Classroom.module

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ In stating a person's occupation, nationality, religion, rank, station, office,
 $LESSON Section 2: Pronunciation - Long "A"
 
 $DIALOGUE Listening Exercise: Long "a"
-INSTRUCTION: Listen to the following words with the long "a" sound.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the following words with the long {a} sound.
 
 LINE: aber
 LINE: da
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ LINE: Glas
 LINE: haben
 
 $DIALOGUE Discrimination Exercise: Long "a"
-INSTRUCTION: Listen to the following pairs. Notice which word contains the long "a" sound.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the following pairs. Notice which word contains the long {a} sound.
 
 LINE: wählen - Wahlen
 LINE: kam - Kamm
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ RESPONSE: Gabel
 $LESSON Section 3: Pronunciation - Short "A"
 
 $DIALOGUE Listening Exercise: Short "a"
-INSTRUCTION: Listen to the following words with the short "a" sound.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the following words with the short {a} sound.
 
 LINE: was
 LINE: lang
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ LINE: Blatt
 LINE: Klasse
 
 $DIALOGUE Discrimination Exercise: Short "a"
-INSTRUCTION: Listen to the following pairs. Notice which word contains the short "a" sound.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the following pairs. Notice which word contains the short {a} sound.
 
 LINE: Haft - Heft
 LINE: Bahnen - bannen
@@ -529,7 +529,7 @@ RESPONSE: Gestern.
 $LESSON Section 8: Reinforcement Drills - Pronunciation
 
 $EXERCISE Long "a": Production in isolated words
-INSTRUCTION: Substitute the long "a" sound for the first vowel sound in the word you hear.
+INSTRUCTION: Substitute the long {a} sound for the first vowel sound in the word you hear.
 
 EXAMPLE
 PROMPT: ohne
@@ -584,7 +584,7 @@ PROMPT: Sie bat um ein Glas Wasser.
 RESPONSE: Sie bat um ein Glas Wasser.
 
 $EXERCISE Short "a": Production in isolated words
-INSTRUCTION: Substitute the short "a" sound for the first vowel sound in the word you hear.
+INSTRUCTION: Substitute the short {a} sound for the first vowel sound in the word you hear.
 
 EXAMPLE
 PROMPT: Esche

007 - Lesson 06 - Asking for Directions.module

@@ -44,11 +44,11 @@ The words "der", "das", "die" sometimes take the place of "er", "es", "sie", emp
 
 {Der Mann kennt übrigens Doktor Hagemann gut; der ist nämlich sein Arzt.}
 
-Also covered in this lesson is the German sound "o", which can be both long and short.
+Also covered in this lesson is the German sound {o}, which can be both long and short.
 
 $LESSON Section 2: Pronunciation - Long "o"
 $DIALOGUE Listening Exercise: Long "o"
-INSTRUCTION: Listen to the following words focusing on the long "o" sound.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the following words focusing on the long {o} sound.
 
 LINE: oder
 LINE: so
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ LINE: Mond
 LINE: verboten
 
 $EXERCISE Repetition Drill: Long "o"
-INTRO: Practice the following words with the long "o" sound.
+INTRO: Practice the following words with the long {o} sound.
 INSTRUCTION: Listen to each word and repeat it with correct German pronunciation.
 
 PROMPT: schon
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ RESPONSE: gotisch
 
 $LESSON Section 3: Pronunciation - Short "o"
 $DIALOGUE Listening Exercise: Short "o"
-INSTRUCTION: Listen to the following words focusing on the short "o" sound.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the following words focusing on the short {o} sound.
 
 LINE: offen
 LINE: Sonne
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ LINE: Politik
 LINE: Geschoss
 
 $EXERCISE Discrimination Exercise: Short "o"
-INSTRUCTION: In each pair, identify the word with the short "o" sound by saying 1 or 2.
+INSTRUCTION: In each pair, identify the word with the short {o} sound by saying 1 or 2.
 
 PROMPT: 1. kosten, 2. Schoss
 RESPONSE: 1
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ LINE: Sonntag
 LINE: gekommen
 
 $EXERCISE Minimal Pair Drill: Short "o" to Long "o"
-INSTRUCTION: Listen to the word with a short "o" and produce the corresponding word with a long "o".
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the word with a short {o} and produce the corresponding word with a long {o}.
 
 EXAMPLE
 PROMPT: offen
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ PROMPT: hold
 RESPONSE: holt
 
 $EXERCISE Minimal Pair Drill: Long "o" to Short "o"
-INSTRUCTION: Listen to the word with a long "o" and produce the corresponding word with a short "o".
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the word with a long {o} and produce the corresponding word with a short {o}.
 
 EXAMPLE
 PROMPT: Sohne
@@ -460,7 +460,7 @@ RESPONSE: Ja.
 
 $LESSON Section 7: Reinforcement Drills
 $EXERCISE Pronunciation: Long "o" in isolated words
-INSTRUCTION: Substitute the long "o" sound for the first vowel sound in the word you hear.
+INSTRUCTION: Substitute the long {o} sound for the first vowel sound in the word you hear.
 
 EXAMPLE
 PROMPT: las
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ LINE: Er wohnt gleich am Dom.
 LINE: Beethoven vertonte die Ode.
 
 $EXERCISE Pronunciation: Short "o" in isolated words
-INSTRUCTION: Substitute the short "o" sound for the first vowel sound in the word you hear.
+INSTRUCTION: Substitute the short {o} sound for the first vowel sound in the word you hear.
 
 EXAMPLE
 PROMPT: Mast

010 - Lesson 09 - An Invitation to Dinner.module

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ INTRO: Here are some cultural notes regarding formal address in German.
 $LESSON Section 2: Pronunciation
 
 $DIALOGUE Long "e" Listening Exercise
-INSTRUCTION: Listen to the pronunciation of the long "e" sound.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the pronunciation of the long {e} sound.
 
 LINE: eben
 LINE: Tee
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ LINE: nehmen
 LINE: vergeben
 
 $DIALOGUE Long "e" Discrimination Exercise
-INSTRUCTION: Listen to the following German words with the long "e" sound.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the following German words with the long {e} sound.
 
 LINE: Klee
 LINE: geht
@@ -84,10 +84,10 @@ LINE: leg
 LINE: Leber
 LINE: laden
 
-$GRAMMAR Articulation Exercise: long "e"
+$GRAMMAR Articulation Exercise: long {e}
 INSTRUCTION: Read the articulation instructions.
 
-To produce the German long "e", open your mouth slightly and position your tongue relatively high and forward in the mouth. The lips should be slightly spread (not rounded). The key is to keep the sound pure and steady — do not let your tongue glide upward at the end. The result should be the German exclamation {he!}. Isolate the long "e" sound and pronounce it a number of times by itself.
+To produce the German long {e}, open your mouth slightly and position your tongue relatively high and forward in the mouth. The lips should be slightly spread (not rounded). The key is to keep the sound pure and steady — do not let your tongue glide upward at the end. The result should be the German exclamation {he!}. Isolate the long {e} sound and pronounce it a number of times by itself.
 
 $EXERCISE Long "e" Repetition Drill
 INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat the German words.
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ PROMPT: Vetter
 RESPONSE: Väter
 
 $DIALOGUE Final short "e" Listening Exercise
-INSTRUCTION: Listen to the pronunciation of the final short "e" sound.
+INSTRUCTION: Listen to the pronunciation of the final short {e} sound.
 
 LINE: Binde
 LINE: Marke
@@ -194,10 +194,10 @@ LINE: rosa - Rose
 LINE: Motte - Motto
 LINE: Gotha - Gote
 
-$GRAMMAR Articulation Exercise: Final short "e"
+$GRAMMAR Articulation Exercise: Final short {e}
 INSTRUCTION: Read the articulation instructions.
 
-The final short "e" (called "Schwa") is a very brief, relaxed, neutral vowel. To produce it, relax your mouth completely and produce a very short, unstressed "uh" sound. Listen to the word {Scheine} — the final -e is this brief, neutral sound. Isolate it and pronounce it a number of times by itself.
+The final short {e} (called "Schwa") is a very brief, relaxed, neutral vowel. To produce it, relax your mouth completely and produce a very short, unstressed "uh" sound. Listen to the word {Scheine} — the final -e is this brief, neutral sound. Isolate it and pronounce it a number of times by itself.
 
 $EXERCISE Final short "e" Repetition Drill
 INSTRUCTION: Listen and repeat the German words.
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ PROMPT: diese
 RESPONSE: diese
 
 $EXERCISE Final short "e" Contrastive Drill
-INSTRUCTION: Produce the final short "e" form as modeled.
+INSTRUCTION: Produce the final short {e} form as modeled.
 
 EXAMPLE
 PROMPT: linden
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ PROMPT: villain
 RESPONSE: Wille
 
 $EXERCISE Final short "e" Minimal Pair Drill
-INSTRUCTION: Convert the final sound to short "e".
+INSTRUCTION: Convert the final sound to short {e}.
 
 EXAMPLE
 PROMPT: Kola
@@ -508,7 +508,7 @@ RESPONSE: Nein, man sagt „Auf Wiederhören!“.
 $LESSON Section 6: Reinforcement Drills
 
 $EXERCISE Pronunciation: Long "e" in isolated words
-INSTRUCTION: Substitute long "e" for the first vowel sound as modeled.
+INSTRUCTION: Substitute long {e} for the first vowel sound as modeled.
 
 EXAMPLE
 PROMPT: sagen
@@ -563,7 +563,7 @@ PROMPT: Der Lehrer trägt ein schweres Paket.
 RESPONSE: Der Lehrer trägt ein schweres Paket.
 
 $EXERCISE Pronunciation: Final short "e" in isolated words
-INSTRUCTION: Substitute short "e" for the final vowel sound.
+INSTRUCTION: Substitute short {e} for the final vowel sound.
 
 EXAMPLE
 PROMPT: Lotto

014 - Lesson 13 - Talking About the Weather.module

@@ -48,9 +48,9 @@ The contrast is also apparent in the two question words for "where?":
 ### Notes on the Writing System
 
 **1. ä, ö, ü**
-- **ä**, when short, stands for the same sound as short "e". When long, stands for the same sound as long "e".
+- **ä**, when short, stands for the same sound as short {e}. When long, stands for the same sound as long {e}.
-- **ö** stands for long or short lip-rounded "e": {schön}, {können}
+- **ö** stands for long or short lip-rounded {e}: {schön}, {können}
-- **ü** stands for long or short lip-rounded "i": {Tür}, {Schütze}
+- **ü** stands for long or short lip-rounded {i}: {Tür}, {Schütze}
 - **ä**, **ö** and **ü** are always read long when followed by an h: {wählen}, {gewöhnlich}, {führen}.
 
 **2. Diphthongs**

016 - Lesson 15 - Vacation Plans.module

@@ -53,21 +53,21 @@ INTRO: Review these important notes on the German writing system, consonants, an
 
 ### 1. Various Consonants and Consonant Groups
 
-"v" is read as f in native German words ({vor}, {vier}, {Vater}) and at the end of words. It is read as v only in words of foreign origin ({Villa}, {Volumen}, {vakant}).
+{v} is read as f in native German words ({vor}, {vier}, {Vater}) and at the end of words. It is read as v only in words of foreign origin ({Villa}, {Volumen}, {vakant}).
 
-"w" is always read as a voiced /v/ sound.
+{w} is always read as a voiced /v/ sound.
 
-"qu" is read as the cluster kv ({Quark}).
+{qu} is read as the cluster kv ({Quark}).
 
-"j" is always read like the y in "yet", never like the j in "jet".
+{j} is always read like the y in "yet", never like the j in "jet".
 
-"y" This letter is used infrequently in German. When preceding or following a vowel it is read as a /j/ sound ({Yacht}, {Yokohama}, {Bayern}). When preceding or following a consonant, it is read either like long "ü" ({Typ}, {Lyrik}, {Analyse}) or short "ü" ({Gymnasium}, {System}, {Tyrann}).
+{y} This letter is used infrequently in German. When preceding or following a vowel it is read as a /j/ sound ({Yacht}, {Yokohama}, {Bayern}). When preceding or following a consonant, it is read either like long "ü" ({Typ}, {Lyrik}, {Analyse}) or short "ü" ({Gymnasium}, {System}, {Tyrann}).
 
-"x" and "chs" (except where the s is part of a grammatical ending) are both read as the cluster /ks/.
+{x} and {chs} (except where the s is part of a grammatical ending) are both read as the cluster /ks/.
 
-"dt" is read like t(t) ({Stadt}, {verwandt}, {Gesandter}).
+{dt} is read like t(t) ({Stadt}, {verwandt}, {Gesandter}).
 
-"th" is always read simply as /t/ ({Thron}, {Mathematik}, {Günther}).
+{th} is always read simply as /t/ ({Thron}, {Mathematik}, {Günther}).
 
 ### 2. Punctuation